2021年保定市十七中高三英语模拟试题及答案解析

2021年保定市十七中高三英语模拟试题及答案解析
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
Juanito Estrella has been a housekeeping manager on the US-based large passenger ship Carnival Spirit for 18 months and feels he has found the suitable position in his career(职业). He has always wanted to travel. “I guess I am a really restless spirit.I like traveling, so when the chance came, I jumped at it,” he says.
The chance came in the form of a newspaper advertisement for work on cruise ships（游船）. At the time Estrella was the housekeeping manager at a Melbourne hotel. He applied and, after two interviews, a medical check and police clearance, the job was his.
Estrella is responsible(负责的)for the cleanliness of the ship, making sure that 160 crew work properly. “I enjoy it because there is no other work-you wake up each day in a different place anda different culture. It’s exciting when you go to the next country and you don’t understand the language,” he says.
Estrella likes being busy and getting to know people from all over the world. The 1,000 crew come from 94 countries, and Estrella has learnt Spanish and a little Croatian.
But there is adownside. “You cannot get really drunk...because you have safety responsibilities to yourself and others,” he says. “You don’t really think about home.You start to think about home only when you get closer to your vacation and wonder what you’ll be doing.”
Life on the ship is anything but cruising. Estrella and his fellows work at least 10 hours a day, seven days a week. He warns the job is not for everybody. “You have to love being busy and be prepared to work every day-and to give up drinking too much alcohol.” In his spare time, if the ship sails into a port, Estrella explores it, otherwise he works out in the crew’s gym, goes on the internet or calls home.
1.Which of the following is true?
A.He has been a housekeeping manager for 18 months.
B.He doesn’t drink wine now.
C.He cannot speak a foreign language.
D.He used to be a housekeeping manager.
2.The underlined word“downside”in paragraph 5 probably means ________ .
A.disappointment
B.disadvantage
C.failure
D.loss
3.In the last paragraph, the writer thinks that life on the ship is ________.
A.not a tiring journey at all
B.just an interesting voyage
C.far from a voyage for pleasure
D.more than a pleasant travel by sea
B
A growing body of research is revealing associations between birth defects (缺陷) and a father's age, alcohol use and environmental factors, say researchers atGeorgetown University Medical Center. They say these defects result from epigenetic changes that can potentially affect multiple generations.
The study, published in theAmerican Journal of Stem Cells, suggest both parents contribute to the health status of their offspring — a common sense conclusion which science is only now beginning to demonstrate, says the study's senior investigator, Joanna Kitlinska, PhD, an associate professor in biochemistry, and molecular and cellular biology.
“We know the nutritional, hormonal and psychological environment provided by the mother permanently influences organ structure, cellular response and gene expression in her offspring,” she says.
“But our study shows the same thing to be true with fathers — his lifestyle, and how old he is, can be reflected in molecules that control gene function,” she says. “In this way, a father can affect not only his immediate offspring, but future generations as well.”
For example, a newborn can be diagnosed with fetal (胎儿的) alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD), even though the mother has never consumed alcohol, Kitlinska says. “Up to 75 percent of children with FASD have biological fathers who are alcoholics, suggesting that preconceptual paternal alcohol consumption negatively impacts their offspring.”
Advanced age of a father is correlated with elevated rates of certain diseases, and birth defects in his children.
A limited diet during a father’s preadolescence has been linked to reduced risk of cardiovascular death in his children and grandchildren. Paternal obesity is linked to enlarged fat cells, changes in metabolic regulation, diabetes, obesity and development of brain cancer. Psychosocial stress on the father is linked to defective behavioral traits in his offspring. And paternal alcohol use leads to decreased newborn birth weight, marked reduction in overall brain size and impaired cognitive function.
“This new field of inherited paternal epigenetics needs to be organized into clinically applicable recommendations and lifestyle alternations,” Kitlinska says. “And to really understand the epigenetic influences of a child, we need to study the interplay between maternal and paternal effects, as opposed to considering each in
isolation.”
4. What’s the message the writer conveys in the passage?
A. Both parents contribute to the health status of their offspring.
B. Father’s age and lifestyle are tied to birth defects.
C. Father plays a more critical role in birth defects.
D. Birth defects can potentially affect multiple generations.
5. What can we infer from the example in Paragraph 5?
A. FASD can only be diagnosed in a newborn whose father is addicted to alcohol.
B. A newborn will not contract FASD if his mother has never consumed alcohol.
C. A father’s lifestyle can negatively impact his offspring.
D. Most children have biological fathers who are alcoholics.
6. Which of the following situations is less likely to lead to children’s birth defects?
A. Having a father with a limited diet.
B. Having a father who is an alcoholic.
C. Having an overweight father.
D. Having a father with psychosocial stress.
7. What will the research probably continue to focus on in the part that follows?
A. The maternal epigenetic influences of a child.
B. The ways to avoid negative paternal influence on children.
C. The clinical application of the research findings.
D. The interaction between maternal and paternal effects.
C
On September 7, 1930, Yuan Longping was born inBeijing. Fluent in English, his mother often read Friedrich Nietzsche's works to him. Influenced by his mother, Yuan Longping liked English,geography and chemistry at school. After graduating from university, he became a teacher in the countryside ofHunanin 1953.
With lots of crop failures, nationwide hunger hitChinain the 1960s, making many people live a bad life. Yuan was sad and felt he must do something. Since the climate inHunanwas not friendly to growing wheat. He decided to devote himself to studying how to increase the production of rice, a basic food for over 60 percent of Chinese people. From then on, he began a lifelong connection with rice.
Yuan Longping succeeded in growing the world's first high production hybrid rice (杂交水稻) variety in 1973, which could reach a yield of over 500 kg per more than 200 kg than before. For the next four decades, he continued to work on the research of hybrid rice. In 2020, hybrid rice developed by his team achieved 1,500 kg
permuin two growing seasons, a new world record.
Nowadays, the hybrid rice is grown in almost half ofChina's rice fields and its production accounts for 60 percent of the total rice production inChina. The hybrid rice production is 20 percent more than the common kinds , the yearly increase of which feeds up to 100 million people.
In 2019, Yuan Longping, known as the “Father of hybrid rice”, was awarded with Medal of the Republic,China's highest honor.
Yuan Longping's biggest dream in life was to develop more hybrid rice varieties, which could be grown all over the world to help solve the global food problem. So far, the hybrid varieties he developed have been grown in over 40 countries, including theUSA,BrazilandIndia.
8. What do we know about Yuan Longping according to the text?
A. He began to study hybrid rice in 1973.
B. He received the highest honor inChinaat 90.
C. He ever taught math in the city after graduation.
D. He ever hoped Chinese would be free from hunger.
9. How does the author mainly show the achievements of Yuan Longping in hybrid rice?
A. By listing figures.
B. By quoting reports.
C. By imagining results.
D. By explaining reasons.
10. Which of the following best describes Yuan Longping according to the text?
A. Patient and honest.
B. Energetic and athletic.
C. Capable and remarkable.
D. Humorous and adventurous.
11. What is the text mainly about?
A. The life of Yuan Longping.
B. The team of Yuan Longping.
C. The honor of Yuan Longping.
D. The education of Yuan Longping.
D
The history of the flying car is almost as old as that of powered flight itself. It started with the Curtiss Autoplane of 1917, an awkward-looking machine with removable wings. It never left the ground. Later machines made it into the skies but failed to take off commercially. Money is now pouring into flying taxis. On March 30th Lilium, a German company that develops them, announced a merger with SPAC, an acquisition company that values it at $3. 3 bn -- a sign that investors think the business will fly.
Thanks to better batteries and lightweight materials, some of them are ready to carry passengers. Up to 300
firms are working on short-range battery-powered craft that take off and land vertically. Carmakers, tech companies and others are investing money into the field. The government isoffering a glide pathto certification.America's Federal Aviation Administration is engaged in the process with around 30 firms, says Natasha Santha of LEK, a consulting company.
Midway between a cab and a helicopter, flying taxis have distinct advantages over both. Quiet electric motors allow them to operate frequent services. They require only a patch of concrete to land, unlike noisy helicopters, which face severe operating restrictions in most cities. They can fly four or five times faster than a cab can drive and do not get stuck in traffic. Prices can be kept low by ride-sharing. Joby, based inCalifornia, says its five-seater machine will enter commercial service in 2024. The firm calculates the initial cost of around $4 per person per mile may soon fall by 25%. A trip fromManhattanto JFK airport would then cost $30-40 per passenger.
The real revolution will come when full autonomy takes out the cost of a pilot. Archer hopes to run such aircraft by 2028. They face fewer obstacles in the air than earth-bound cars do on the road; airliners mostly fly on autopilot as it is. Still, as one industry insider puts it, it is probably best to accustom passengers and regulators to airborne taxis before getting rid of the driver.
12. What can we learn from Paragraph 1?
A. The flying car can date back to the 1920s.
B. Investors see the potential of the business of the flying car.
C. The flying car never left the ground successfully in history.
D. A German company has launched a new flying car into the market.
13. What does "offering a glide path" in Paragraph 2 probably refer to?
A. Giving the green light.
B. Providing timely assistance.
C. Presenting legal guidance.
D. Conducting strict management.
14. Which of the following is the strength of flying taxis?
A. Costing as little as cabs.
B. Saving passengers from the traffic jam.
C. Reducing air pollution.
D. Having no operating restrictions.
15. What can be inferred about the flying taxis from the last paragraph?
A. They will develop faster than cars.
B. Passengers will quickly get used to taking them.
C. The regulators will take measures to promote them.
D. Autopilot flying taxis will probably replace those with pilots.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项One question has fascinated me my entire adult life: what causes some people to become world-class leaders,performers,and change-makers,while most others remain ordinary? After reading thousands of biographies,academic studies,I've noticed they share a common practice- time management.___16___ Stop wasting time on unimportant things
Make a detailed time list of your entire day from the minute you wake up till the time you go to bed.You have to really see what your time is being spent on in order to see where you can cut back and reallocate. Assign the amount of time you spend on each of those activities (including time spent watching TV,on Social Media,and any extracurricular activities).___17___Add up the total time,then re-allocate that time to your goal(s).
Cut your time spent on social media
The time you spend scrolling and liking should be limited unless you're using social media to increase your business reach.___18___Cut your time spent on the Internet and redirect to activities directly related to your goals.
___19___
It's always easy to list the reasons for not doing something.What should we do about that? For every excuse you give yourself,find an equally compelling reason to push forward.Chances are that you will come up with more reasons to do it than excuses not to.
Make a daily"to do”list
Sometimes you're not going to get to everything on your list. And that's fine. Tomorrow is another day and let what you didn't finish the day before be the first thing you work on the next day. So,keep your daily to-do lists short and focus on the activities that will have the greatest impact.___20___It's important to work hard, but it's also important to work smart. So focus on each day,one day at a time.
A. List the reasons.
B. Don't make excuses.
C. The following tips may help you make good use of time.
D. Doing one thing can have a greater impact than doing five.
E. Focus on daily activities rather than make lists for next month.
F. It is a huge time killer and provides no real substantial benefits.
G. Then start removing any activities that do not add value to your life.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
One morning in early fall, I spotted a pair of wild geese on our pond. The beautiful sight caught me by____21____because we’d never seen geese there before. Thinking they would soon leave, I_____22_____the chance to get close to them. I wondered where they came from and why they’d chosen our pond.
The next morning, the geese were still my____23____. I walked round to the mailbox, showing them I meant no harm.____24____, I couldn’t resist getting a____25____look. I hid behind some trees and____26____the handsome pair quietly through the branches. I was surprised to see they were staring at me, too!
As days passed, I started____27____to them on my trips to the mailbox. They craned their necks and raised their heads____28____, but seemed to realize I was their friend. By then, my curiosity about____29____they were staying so long on the pond changed to____30____. As they were feeling in the grass the other day, I discovered the reason for their____31____: the male had a broken left wing. He couldn’t____32____, and his faithful mate wouldn’t leave him behind.
I asked a biologist what to do. He explained that sometimes a____33____wing would heal by itself and suggested letting nature take its course.
On the first day of November, I was working in the neighborhood of the geese with my tractor. As I bent to fasten a chain from the tractor, I____34____some movement from the corner of my eye. Both geese were running towards the pond. Their wing were____35____like crazy, struggling for take-off. Gradually, they flew over the pond. They____36____enough altitude to fly past a neighbor’s house, and then circled back towards me, flying no more than 50 feet over my head as if to say goodbye. Then they were out of_____37_____.
The season’s first snowflake fell the very next day. The birds must have___38___that winter was coming, and it was time to go. I became fond of them during their____39____visit to our pond, and now I miss them. I’ll never forget their____40____to each other.
21. A. accident B. surprise C. nature D. fortune
22. A. increased B. created C. deserved D. valued
23. A. guests B. puzzles C. fellows D. friends
24. A. Instead B. Therefore C. Still D. Anyhow
25. A. closer B. quicker C. quieter D. broader
26. A. approached B. calmed C. observed D. protected
27. A. turning B. attending C. driving D. talking
28. A. firmly B. cautiously C. warmly D. proudly
29. A. why B. when C. how D. whether
30. A. sympathy B. rescue C. pleasure D. concern
31. A. companion B. visit C. settlement D. care
32. A. recover B. survive C. fly D. return
33. A. weak B. folded C. broken D. flightless
34. A. held B. caught C. directed D. made
35. A. spreading B. sweeping C. trembling D. beating
36. A. gained B. set C. discovered D. lost
37. A. reach B. sight C. control D. help
38. A. concluded B. indicated C. sensed D. confirmed
39. A. unexpected B. causal C. regular D. short
40. A. contribution B. promise C. treat D. devotion
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
5G is developing, but most of us aren't really sure what it is or the reason___41.___we need it. A big part of the reason is that 5G means more than one thing. If you ask different people, you___42.___(provide) with different answers.
Experts believe that 4G is on___43.___way out. In 2020, the U.K. is expected to use 5G. At present, it is unknown exactly what influence 5G will have on people's life but it is widely thought that 5G will___44.___(definite) be faster than any generation of networks we have used previously.
Work will likely become much easier as 5G will allow quicker downloads and a better ability to work online even if there is no wi-fi connection. With the___45.___(develop) of 5G, driverless cars will be able to communicate___46.___other vehicles, which can reduce road accidents by about 10%, One of the most___47.___(impress) things will be that people can see which seats on a train are accessible to___48.___(they) when it arrives at the station.___49.___(get) around the world will also be more convenient.
A number of____50.____(company) are now working on bringing 5G to the market. It remains to be seen how much of the country 5G will cover and whether everyone will be able to benefit from it.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.改错（共10小题；每小题2分,满分20分）
注意：
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在右边横线上写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词写在右边横线上并用斜线（＼）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在右边横线上写出修改后的词。

His parents earn the living by farming.
Many people go to big cities in the hope of find a good job.
He got up early so as to getting there in time .
By now his restaurant ought to being full of people .
We should not judge a person at his appearance .
His carelessness resulted from the accident .
As a matter of fact, I landed in Britain by an accident.
Tom helped the girl . She gave him a gift as return.
He was about to go out then it began to rain.
I am will to help those in trouble .
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

Effective communication can make you an effective leader and success can come much more easily. It is very important to be a confident and efficient communicator so that others can understand you. However, in order to become an effective communicator, you need to be an effective listener first.
To be a good listener, you need effective listening skills, which will help you.
Understand other peoples' point of view. However, most people generally overlook the skill of listening. Actually, communication is never a complete process if you are only a good speaker without being a good listener. You may be very good at expressing your thoughts effectively. But if you are not good at understanding other people's point of view, it will never be considered effective communication.
Usually, speaking is considered an active process and listening is claimed to be a passive process. Listening, however, is undoubtedly an active process, too. It doesn't just mean sitting in front of someone and staring at their eyes. In order to understand someone better, you need to analyze their thoughts and words. Additionally, you need to show that you are listening. For instance, you can say "I see," "go on" or just nod your head. Of course, in the case of disagreement, you do not necessarily have to do that. You can also ask questions if you have problems understanding that person's perspective. Asking questions will not only improve your listening habits
but also make the other person realize that they are being heard.
Too often, we attach great importance to the skill of speaking; however, most of us do not value the skill of listening very highly. Now is the time for you to break the old stereotype（刻板印象）and follow the new trend, which is a contributing factor to effective communication.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1. A
2. B
3. C
4. B
5. C
6. A
7. D
8. D 9. A 10. C 11. A
12. B 13. A 14. B 15. D
16. C 17. G 18. F 19. B 20. E
21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. A 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. D 31. B 32.
C 33. C 34. B 35.
D 36. A 37. B 38. C 39. A 40. D
41. why
42. will be provided
43. the 44. definitely
45. development
46. with 47. impressive
48. them 49. Getting
50. companies
51.(1). the→a
(2). find→finding
(3). getting→get
(4). being→be
(5). at→by (6). from→in
(7). an去掉(8). as→in
(9). then→when
(10). will→willing
【56题详解】
考查冠词。

句意：他的父母靠务农谋生。

根据固定搭配earn a living“谋生”，可知把the改为a。

【57题详解】
考查非谓语动词。

句意：许多人去大城市希望找到一份好工作。

介词of后应用动词find动名词形式做宾语，
故把find改为finding。

【58题详解】
考查固定搭配。

句意：他起得很早以便及时赶到那里。

固定搭配so as to后面跟动词原形，表示“是为了；以便”，故把getting改为get。

【59题详解】
考查情态动词。

句意：到现在，他的餐馆应该已经挤满了人。

ought to“应该”，是情态动词，后接动词原形，故把being改为be。

【60题详解】
考查固定搭配。

句意：我们不应该以貌取人。

固定搭配judge by “以……来判断，以……来看”，主要表示从音容，笑貌，衣着等进行判断，故把at改为by。

【61题详解】
考查固定搭配。

句意：他的粗心造成了这次事故。

固定搭配result in“造成；导致”，符合句意，故把from改为in。

【62题详解】
考查固定搭配。

句意：事实上，我是意外地在英国着陆的。

固定搭配by accident“意外地”符合句意，故把an去掉。

【63题详解】
考查固定搭配。

句意：Tom帮助了那个女孩。

她给了他一件礼物作为报答。

固定搭配in return“作为报答”，符合句意，故把as改为in。

【64题详解】
考查连词。

句意：他正要出去，这时突然开始下雨了。

固定句型be about to do sth....when“正在做某事时突然……”，符合句意，故把then改为when。

【65题详解】
考查形容词。

句意：我愿意帮助那些有困难的人。

be willing to do“愿意做某事”，此短语中willing是形容词作表语，表示“愿意；乐意”，故把will改为willing。

52.略。