河北省邯郸市丛台区永安学校中考英语 备考阅读话题练习 世界和环境

世界和环境
一、阅读理解（共20小题；共40分）
A
How green are you? Do you know how to be green?
We all need a healthy environment, but we produce waste every day and it is harmful to our environment. Though we are young, we can still do something to help. Here are some ideas for you.
Reduce
Reduce means "use less". Don't waste things. This saves money and reduces pollution. Before we buy something new, think whether it is really necessary—or maybe the old one is still useful.
Reuse
Reuse means "use again". When we buy things, make sure that they can last a long time. When something is broken, we should repair it instead of throwing it away and buying a new one. Don't use a paper cup or a paper bag. It's better to use a china(瓷) cup and a lunch box because you can use them again.
Recycle
Recycle means "change things into something else". Though it takes energy to change something into something else, it's better than throwing things away or burning them.
So please remember these words: reduce, reuse and recycle.
1. What is the passage about?
A. How to produce things.
B. How to burn things.
C. How to be green.
D. How to help others.
2. Which of the following is right?
A. Always throw away old things.
B. Don't waste things.
C. Always buy new things.
D. Never buy new things.
3. The underlined word "last" means " ".
A. 中断
B. 持续
C. 终止
D. 凑合
4. It is better to use a china cup and a lunch box because we can them.
A. reuse
B. reduce
C. repair
D. recycle
5. The passage may come from a .
A. menu
B. dictionary
C. storybook
D. magazine
B
Water is the root(根本) of life. No one can live without water. On the one hand, although seventy-five percent of the world is covered with water, about ninety-seven percent of it is sea water, or salt water. So the water we could drink is really limited. On the other hand, because the number of people in the world is becoming larger and larger, more and more drinking water is needed. We should do something to save water in our everyday life.
● Try to fix dripping taps (滴水的龙头) or leaky(漏的) toilets at your home.
● Turn the tap off as much as you can—don't use running water to wash your hands, brush your teeth, wash vegetables and so on.
● Never pour away waste water when there may be another use for it such as watering a plant or a garden, or for cleaning.
● Do not often water your lawn(草坪). As a general rule, lawns only need watering every 5 to 7 days in summer and every 10 to 14 days in winter.
● Take short showers and save the baths.
6. People can only drink about of water on the earth.
A. 97%
B. 75%
C. 25%
D. 3%
7. The word "limited" in the passage probably means " ".
A. 足够的
B. 有限的
C. 新鲜的
D. 必须的
8. You'd better water your lawn in summer.
A. once a day
B. twice a day
C. once a week
D. twice a week
9. Which of the following is NOT the way to save water?
A. Using running water to wash hands.
B. Using waste water to water flowers.
C. Taking a shower as quickly as possible.
D. Turning off the dripping taps.
10. Which could be the best title for the passage?
A. How to Save Water
B. Where Water Comes from
C. How to Use Drinking Water
D. Don't Use Running Water
C
You may have heard of snipers(狙击手), or seen snipers in movies and computer games. They are people who can shoot and kill from a long distance. But do you know that we have real snipers in our police?
Early this month, a man kidnapped a little girl with a knife in Beijing. Police came to talk to him, but he didn't let the girl go and was hurting the girl.
A sniper shot him dead.
In Beijing, there are over 300 police snipers. They work 24 hours a day, seven days a week to protect the capital.
How do snipers get trained? What are their lives like? An expert(专家) with the Beijing sniper team shares some of the team's secrets with us.
Q: How do you choose snipers?
A: We choose snipers from the Beijing police. There are no strict rules about the height and weight of our snipers, but they must have very good eyesight. The weapon(武器) they use is around 3.5kg. Sometimes snipers need to hold it for hours. So, snipers need to have a strong body. They also need to pass written psychology(心理) tests.
Q: What is the most important quality of a sniper?
A: A good state of mind. Snipers need to be calm all the time. Sometimes, they may get ready for shooting for a whole day. They cannot talk, eat or drink during that time.
Q: What kind of training do snipers usually get?
A: The practice they often get is 100 meters distance shooting. They practice shooting in all kinds of weather, including windy and snowy days.
Q: Is it possible that a sniper may miss his target(目标)?
A: That is not possible. The only standard(标准) for being a sniper is to take a life with one bullet(子弹).
However, snipers are not killers. They only pull the trigger (扣动扳机) when they have to.
11. Which of the following is NOT true about the snipers?
A. They are professional(专业的) killers.
B. They can shoot very far.
C. They protect our country.
D. They are in our police force.
12. A good sniper should have the following except .
A. a strong body
B. good eyesight
C. a certain height
D. good state of mind
13. The underlined word "quality" means " ".
A. 质量
B. 品质
C. 性格
D. 性质
14. The most practice the snipers get is .
A. holding the gun for a whole day
B. doing push-ups and sit-ups
C. 100m distance shooting
D. jumping over high walls
15. The snipers' work is .
A. hard and important
B. interesting and exciting
C. boring but comfortable
D. funny but unimportant
D
Navy shows its strength
Last Thursday the People's Liberation Army Navy (海军) celebrated its 60th birthday. There was a fleet parade (舰艇检阅) in Qingdao. Twenty-one naval ships from 14 countries took part in the celebration.
The Chinese naval ships and weapons are all the work of Chinese engineers. Some of them are new. Others have already served for some time. Most of them were from the Beihai Fleet, with a few from the Donghai Fleet and Nanhai Fleet.
China also displayed its nuclear powered submarines (核动力潜艇) for the first time. A nuclear submarine can carry enough fuel(燃料) for it to operate(运行) for up to 30 years. It carries advanced weapons(武器) and can stay underwater for 60 to 90 days. These abilities make the nuclear submarine one of the most useful of warships.
The People's Liberation Army Navy was founded on April 23, 1949. However, for a long time, the navy has remained low-key(低调的). They have been involved in few international naval affairs (海事事件).
This clearly does not match China's growing power. China has a long coastline(海岸线), many islands and large territorial waters(领海), so it is important to develop a strong naval force. The naval parade showed China's confidence about the future of its navy.
"The ocean is home to the navies of the world. It is the responsibility of every navy to protect it," Chinese navy commander Wu Shengli said at the opening ceremony (开幕式).
16. There was to celebrate the 60th birthday of the People's Liberation Army's Navy.
A. a competition
B. a parade of ships
C. a new movie
D. a boating race
17. Which of the following statements about Chinese ships is TRUE?
A. Chinese engineers designed all of them
B. All of the ships have served in the army for some time
C. Most of the ships have never served before
D. There were no nuclear powered submarines at the show
18. It was the first time China had .
A. built its own ships
B. displayed its nuclear powered submarines
C. invited ships of other countries
D. taken part in international naval affairs
19. It's important for China to have a strong naval force because .
A. China has a long coastline
B. China has many islands
C. China has large territorial waters
D. all of the above
20. China is about the future of its navy.
A. uncertain
B. worried
C. certain
D. angry
二、阅读与表达(填空式)（共5小题；共5分）
When we watch a football match or see a film, we often see people •put •out their fingers to form(形成) a "V". Perhaps you don't know •what it means and how it gets the meaning. Here is a story to answer the question.
During the Second World War(战争), there was a Belgian(比利时) young people. He called himself Victor. He ran to England and worked for a radio station in London. He spoke to his country in his programmes every day in a hope that it could help his people win the war. One day at the end of 1940, he asked his people to write the letter "V" to show their strong wish to win the victory(胜利).
During that night, the letter "V" was seen on the walls, trees, buildings and other places. This encouraged(鼓舞) hundreds of thousands of people in this country.
根据短文内容填空，每空1词。

21. The story happened nearly years ago.
22. The young man was not a , but he tried his best to fight for his country.
23. He hoped that his could help his people win the war.
24. The people wrote the letter "V" during that night.
25. From the story we know that the letter "V" means .
三、阅读与表达(混合式)（共5小题；共5分）
Have you ever stayed in a hotel? Most Chinese hotels often provide people with things like disposable(一次性的) toothbrushes, toothpaste, shampoo and so on. Many people like the idea because they don't have to bring their own. But, if you travel to Beijing, remember to bring your own things. Starting from June, some hotels in Beijing no longer provide people with these disposables. They want to ask people to use fewer disposable things.
Many disposable things are made of plastic(塑料). People throw them away after only using them once. It is a waste of natural resources(资源) and is very bad for the environment. Do you know, one Chinese person makes as much as 400 kg of waste a year! Most of that waste comes from disposable things. In Beijing, people throw away about 19, 000, 000 kg of plastic bags and 1, 320, 000 kg of plastic lunch bowls every year! Plastic can take between 100 and 400 years to break down (腐烂). So the less plastic we throw out, the better. Wherever you travel, bring your own things and use them again and again.
26. Many people like disposable things because they don't have to .
27. Starting from June, some hotels in Beijing no longer people these disposables.
28. It is a of natural resources and is very bad for the .
29. How much waste does one Chinese person make one year?
30. What should we do to protect our environment?
四、适当形式填空(短文适当形式)（共7小题；共7分）
Many scientists say that the world is getting hotter and hotter. If they are right, the ice at the North and South Poles will melt(融化) eventually. If this (happen), the sea will rise and may cover most or all of Singapore. This (force) everybody to move to a safer country.
We know that the sun (heat) the earth. The heat from the sun hits the ground, and some of it goes back into the sky. However, factories and vehicles(车辆) produce a lot of harmful gases. When the gases rises into the sky,
heat from the sun can come through them but heat from the ground cannot. It stays near us in the sky and makes the air hotter and hotter every year.
Scientists call this the “greenhouse effect” because a greenhouse is a small glass building which is hot inside. It (use) for growing plants in cool countries. Many countries are worried about the greenhouse effect. They (try) to stop factories and vehicles from (send) harmful gases into the sky. Scientists are not sure when the world will get much hotter. Some people say that the greenhouse effect (start) already and has begun to affect the world's weather.
答案
一、阅读理解
1. C
2. B
3. B
4. A
5. D
6. D
7. B
8. C
9. A 10. A
11. A 12. C 13. B 14. C 15. A 16. B 17. A 18. B 19. D 20. C
二、阅读与表达(填空式)
21. 60 22. soldier 23. work 24. everywhere 25. victory
三、阅读与表达(混合式)
26. bring their own 27. provide, with 28. waste, environment
29. One Chinese person makes as much as 400 kg of waste a year. /400 kg. /As much as 400 kg.
30. Wherever you travel, bring your own things and use them again and again./Make less waste.
四、适当形式填空(短文适当形式)
31. happens 32. will force 33. heats 34. is used 35. are trying
36. sending 37. has started。