2020-2021学年重庆市第八中学高一上学期第二次月考英语试题(解析版)

重庆市第八中学2020-2021学年高一上学期第二次月考
英语试题
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30 分)
略
第二部分单项选择(共15题；每小题1分，满分15分)
1. It might be at that moment _________ I totally made sense of the depth of his love.
A. which
B. when
C. that
D. where
『答案』C
『解析』考查强调句。

句意：也许在那一刻，我完全明白了他的爱有多深。

分析句子结构，把It might be和该空去掉，句子结构完整，语义清晰，由此判断该句为强调句。

强调句的基本结构为It be +被强调的部分+that +句子的其他成分，如果被强调的部分是人，可以用who代替that。

本句强调时间状语at that moment 。

故选C。

2. Tired __________ he was, he still went on with his work.
A. although
B. if
C. as
D. while
『答案』C
『解析』考查连词词义辨析。

句意：尽管他很累了，他还是继续工作。

A. although尽管；
B. if如果；
C. 尽管；
D. while当……时候。

根据句意可知，此处引导让步状语从句，且采用了部分倒装，把强调的内容Tired提至句首，主谓并不倒装，应用as或though引导。

故选C。

3. You may have chances to meet new people _________ will become your lifelong friends.
A. who
B. whom
C. which
D. whose
『答案』A
『解析』考查定语从句引导词。

句意：你可能有机会结识新朋友，他们将成为你一生的朋友。

此处是定语从句，先行词是new people，指人，在从句中作主语，用关系代词who。

故选A项。

4. I don’t think what he said at the meeting makes any sense, ____________?
A. do I
B. don’t I
C. doesn’t it
D. does it
『答案』D
『解析』考查反意疑问句。

句意：我认为你在会议上所说的话没有任何意义，不是吗？当主句主语为第一人称，动词think，believe，suppose，imagine，expect等后的简短问句应与从句相一致；从句的否定转移到主句时，其仍属否定句，故其后的简短问句应用肯定式。

宾语从句中的主语为what he said at the meeting，所以用代词it代指。

故选D。

5. We must hurry up. The last train ___________ in 10 minutes.
A. is leaving
B. leaves
C. is about to leave
D. left
『答案』A
『解析』考查时态。

句意：我们必须快点。

最后一班火车10分钟后就要开了。

由句意可知，此处应表将来含义，如arrive，come，get(to)，leave，return，start，travel，take，take off，fly，see off表示位置转移的动词(短语)，用现在进行时（am/is are doing）表将来的含义，主要用于按计划或安排将要发生的动作或事件。

故选A项。

6. We haven’t met before. But he talked with me as if we __________ each other for a long time.
A. have known
B. had known
C. knew
D. know
『答案』B
『解析』考查虚拟语气。

句意：我们以前没见过面。

但他和我说话的时候，就好像我们已经认识很久了一样。

根据语境可知，这里考查as if从句的虚拟语气，从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用“had+过去分词”。

故选B。

7. The teacher left. But what he said left us __________ in thought.
A. lose
B. lost
C. losing
D. to lose
『答案』B
『解析』考查非谓语动词。

句意：老师离开了。

但他的话让我们陷入了沉思。

be lost in thought陷入沉思，在句中作宾语补足语，所以用过去分词形式。

故选B。

8. Jack was badly injured in the car accident, and he was rushed to the hospital __________, not knowing what happened afterwards.
A. in shock
B. in danger
C. in pain
D. in sight
『答案』A
『解析』考查固定短语辨析。

句意：杰克在车祸中受了重伤，在休克中被紧急送往医院，不知道后来发生了什么。

A. in shock休克；B. in danger在危险中；C. in pain痛苦；D. in sight
看得见。

根据上文“Jack was badly injured in the car accident”可知杰克受伤休克了，被送往医院。

故选A。

9. I didn’t know what he was thinking back then. I just remember he seemed _________ a book.
A. to read
B. to be reading
C. to have read
D. to have been reading
『答案』B
『解析』考查动词不定式的进行式。

句意：我不知道他当时正在想什么。

我只记得他好像正在看书。

固定搭配seem to be doing sth.（看起来正在做某事），由“what he was thinking back then”可知，此处指我不知道他当时正在想什么。

我只记得他好像正在看书，用to be doing表正在进行。

故选B项。

10. __________ in great sadness, he didn’t have the power to do anything.
A. Burying
B. To bury
C. Buried
D. To be buried
『答案』C
『解析』考查非谓语动词。

句意：他沉浸在巨大的悲伤之中，没有能力做任何事情。

be buried in专心于，在句中作状语，所以用过去分词形式。

故选C。

11. Thanks to the medical advances, people nowadays can ________ those 20 years ago by 5 years.
A. revive
B. survive
C. affect
D. aid
『答案』B
『解析』考查动词词义辨析。

句意：由于医学的进步，现在的人们可以比20年前多活5年。

A. revive复活；B. survive存活；C. affect影响；D. aid援助。

根据句意，此处应指“比20年前多活5年”。

故选B项。

12. The team is still trying to __________ a solution to solve this problem.
A. make up
B. cut out
C. work out
D. check out
『答案』C
『解析』考查动词短语辨析。

句意：这个小组仍在努力找出解决这个问题的办法。

A. make up 组成，弥补；B. cut out 切断，删去；C. work out 解决，算出；D. check out 检验，结账离开。

由“a solution to solve this problem.”可知，小组碰到了问题，肯定要解决问题，所有小组仍在努力解决问题。

故选C项。

13. I must make _________ clear that I’ll always stand by your side.
A. this
B. that
C. it
D. one
『答案』C
『解析』考查it作形式宾语。

句意：我必须说清楚，我会永远站在你这边。

此处为“make it + adj+that从句”结构，it作形式宾语，that从句为真正宾语。

故选C。

14. We have entered into an age _______ dreams have the best chance of coming true.
A. which
B. what
C. when
D. that
『答案』C
『解析』考查定语从句。

句意：我们已经进入到了一个时代，在这个时代梦想实现的机会最大。

句中先行词为an age（一个时代），且先行词在从句中作时间状语，所以关系词用when。

故选C。

15. I still remember that we were having a meeting _________ the crash happened.
A. while
B. as
C. that
D. when
『答案』D
『解析』考查固定句型。

句意：我还记得车祸发生时，我们正在开会。

be doing sth.when 正在做某事，就在这时……。

故选D。

第三部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A，B，C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A
Planning for foreign holidays becomes more easy and convenient with International Travel Tours. With us, you can get most efficient and extensive information on internationally famous places of tourists interest. Also you can have more access to details about international tours and know more about the culture, weather, prime attractions, cuisine, local shopping destinations, entertainment options of different exciting international tourists spots. Here is a list of some hot spots of tourists interest around the globe, that you must visit.
Dubai
Dubai is truly a paradise for the travelers from world around. Beaches, desert, safari, food, culture all in together make this country the latest tourist hot-spot. There are many international package tours for Dubai that will take you on a joy ride of this country.
West Indies
Love water then, West Indies is a perfect destination for you. Surrounded by water from all sides, the beautiful beaches and islands make West Indies an exotic tourists destination offering great international travel packages. A part of Caribbean Islands, West Indies offer exciting holiday options.
Thailand
Love beaches and wildlife then Thailand is a perfect destination for you. Clear blue water beaches and the lush green forests account for the world wide acceptance of Thailand as one of the most loved places of tourists interests. Bangkok and Pattaya are some of the most visited tourists destinations in Thailand.
Australia
The land of Kangaroos, Cricket, and immense natural beauty, Australia is among the most admired international package tour destinations in the world. Explore the beautiful locations, wildlife, adventures and exotic beaches of the fun filled Australia with exciting international travel packages. Most astounding cities of Sydney, Perth, Brisbane, Melbourne, Adelaide and Canberra will get you spellbound with their dazzling charm.
16. What information can we get from International Travel Tours?
A. The quickest way to reach destinations
B. Information about travelling abroad.
C. Different hotspots at home and abroad.
D. Many practical travel tips.
17. Where can the parents take the kid if he is curious about how a Kangaroo jumps?
A. Dubai.
B. West Indies.
C. Australia.
D. Thailand.
18. According to the passage, what is the similarity of Dubai, West Indies, Thailand and Australia?
A. Visitors can have a breathtaking view of desert.
B. Visitors can enjoy different forms of architecture.
C. Visitors can see different kinds of rare wild animals.
D. Visitors can enjoy themselves on the beaches.
19. Where does the passage probably come from?
A. A geography textbook.
B. A guidebook.
C. A fashion magazine.
D. A sports newspaper.
『答案』16. B 17. C 18. D 19. B
『解析』
这是一篇应用文。

文章主要介绍了四个国际旅游胜地，分别是迪拜、西印度群岛、泰国和澳大利亚。

『16题详解』
细节理解题。

根据第一段中“Planning for foreign holidays becomes more easy and convenient with International Travel Tours. (有了International Travel Tours，国外度假计划变得更加容易和方便)”以及“Also you can have more access to details about international tours and know more about the culture, weather, prime attractions, cuisine, local shopping destinations, entertainment options of different exciting international tourists spots. (您也可以获得更多关于国际旅游的细节，了解更多关于不同的、令人兴奋的国际旅游景点的文化、天气、主要景点、美食、当地购物目的地和娱乐选择)”可知，从International Travel Tours中我们能了解到出国旅游信息。

故选B。

『17题详解』
细节理解题。

根据最后一段中“The land of Kangaroos, Cricket, and immense natural beauty, Australia is among the most admired international package tour destinations in the world.(澳大利亚以袋鼠、板球和巨大的自然美景而闻名，是世界上最令人羡慕的国际包价旅游目的地之一)”可知，如果孩子对袋鼠怎么跳很好奇，父母可以带他去澳大利亚。

故选C。

『18题详解』
细节理解题。

根据Dubai部分中“Beaches, desert, safari, food, culture all in together make this country the latest tourist hot-spot.(海滩，沙漠，长途旅行，食物，文化，所有这些使这个国家成为最新的旅游热点)”；West Indies部分中“Surrounded by water from all sides, the beautiful beaches and islands make West Indies an exotic tourists destination offering great international travel packages.(西印度群岛四面环水，美丽的海滩和岛屿使它成为充满异国情调的旅游胜地，这里提供极好的国际旅游套餐)”；Thailand部分中“Clear blue water beaches and the lush green forests account for the world wide acceptance of Thailand as one of the most loved places of tourists interests.(清澈湛蓝的海滩和郁郁葱葱的森林使泰国成为世界上最受欢迎的旅游胜地之一)”以及Australia部分中“Explore the beautiful locations, wildlife, adventures and exotic beaches of the fun filled Australia with exciting international travel packages. (通过激动人心的国际旅游套餐，探索充满乐趣的澳大利亚的美丽地点、野生动物、冒险和异域海滩)”
可知，迪拜、西印度群岛、泰国和澳大利亚的相似之处在于游客可以在海滩上玩得很开心。

故选D。

『19题详解』
推理判断题。

根据第一段中“Here is a list of some hot spots of tourists interest around the globe, that you must visit.(以下是一些你一定要去的全球旅游胜地)”结合文章主要介绍了四个国际旅游胜地，分别是迪拜、西印度群岛、泰国和澳大利亚，可推知，文章可能选自一本旅游指南。

故选B。

B
A month ago, I broke a nail. My other nails looked amazing, but now one was a mess.
Clearly, there was no point in keeping the others, so I took out the nail scissors to cut them all off.
“What are you doing, Mom?” my daughter cried. “Your nails look great! Don’t cut them!”
“But they’re ruined,” I said, waving the broken one in her face.
“They’re not ruined,” she said. “You still have nine nails left!”
I hesitated, with the scissors still in my hand. My nails certainly weren’t perfect anymore, and the opposite of perfect is ruined, right?
I mean, this is how I think about most things: It’s all or nothing.
Take my finances for example.
I can spend weeks being sensible and buying only essential items, such as food for my family.
And then one day, I’ll see something expensive that I reall y like and buy it.
Then, I think to myself “Well, I already spent $100 on that dress last week, so I may as well spend $50 on this lipstick ” and give up saving entirely.
I’ve thought about why I act this way, but I don’t know what causes this behavior.
I seem to go from “good” to “complete catastrophe (灾难)” in a matter of moments.
My brain only sees “perfect” or “disaster”, which is extremely unhelpful.
We humans are never just good or bad – we are far more complex. We have wins and we have losses and, occasionally, they are hard to tell apart.
Some people understand this instinctively, while others struggle.
For most of us, learning not to do the thing we’re used to requires effort and discomfort. However, we should remind ourselves that we sometimes make mistakes, and that this doesn’t mean we’ve failed.
We need to accept that things will sometimes go wrong.
Indeed, failure is part of life. We all fall occasionally, and we normally get straight back up.
And so, with my daughter’s words ringing in my ears, I decided to keep my nine nice nails.
I feel annoyed every time I look at my hands, but I’m determined to live with my choice. It’s
a perfect exercise in imperfection.
Maybe soon, I’ll switch off my computer the next time I feel like I might buy something else
I don’t need, although I may need my daughter there to guide me again.
20. Why did the author want to cut off her nails?
A. Her daughter didn’t like the way they looked.
B. She didn’t want to have imperfect nails.
C. She wanted to prevent them from being broken.
D. It is inconvenient to do housework with long nails.
21. What was the author’s problem with her life?
A. She was too careful with her finances.
B. She couldn’t recover from failure.
C. She looked at life in an extreme way.
D. She was easily annoyed by others.
22. What did the author think of failure eventually?
A. It can lead to complete disaster in life.
B. It is a normal part of life.
C. It is something we need to overcome.
D. It can help people to be stronger.
23. What is the passage mainly about?
A. The cause of my inadvisable choices.
B. The way to avoid the extremes.
C. The effect of living with my choice
D. The proper attitude to imperfection
『答案』20. B 21. C 22. B 23. D
『解析』
本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。

文章从生活中作者的其中一个手指甲断了，而要将其它九个指甲也都剪掉这个话题展开论述。

告诉我们现实生活中并没有完美的人，所以我们要学会接受生活中的不完美。

『20题详解』
细节理解题。

根据文章第一段“My other nails looked amazing, but now one was a mess.(我的其他指甲看起来很棒，但现在有一个一塌糊涂。

)”和第二段“Clearly, there was no point in keeping the others, so I took out the nail scissors to cut them all off.(显然，留下其他的已经没有意义了，所以我拿出指甲剪刀把它们都剪了下来。

)”可知，作者因一个指甲断掉影响整体美观，从而决定把其余指甲也全部剪掉。

故选B。

『21题详解』
推理判断题。

根据文章中间“I seem to go from “good” to “complete catastrophe (灾难)” in a matter of moments. My brain only sees “perfect” or “disaster”, which is extremely unhelpful.( 我似乎在瞬间就从“好”变成了“彻底的灾难”。

我的大脑只看到“完美”或“灾难”，这是非常无益的。

)”可知，作者在生活中通常很节俭，但是遇到自己喜欢的东西却会不吝重金购买。

作者的思维模式是：要么绝对完美，要么绝对彻底失败。

由此推知，作者是用一种极端的方式看待生活的。

故选C。

『22题详解』
细节理解题。

根据倒数第四段“Indeed, failure is part of life. We all fall occasionally, and we normally get straight back up.(的确，失败是生活的一部分。

我们都会偶尔跌倒，但我们通常会重新站起来。

)”可知，作者最终认为失败是我们生活中很正常的一部分。

故选B。

『23题详解』
主旨大意题。

根据全文内容可知，文章从生活中作者的其中一个手指甲断了，而要将其它九个指甲也都剪掉这个话题展开论述。

告诉我们现实生活中并没有完美的人，所以我们要学会接受生活中的不完美。

故选D。

C
Last September, Dobbs Ferry School District joined a small but growing number of schools around the US that have started pushing back their middle and high school start times in an effort to prevent students from being groggy.
Dr. Lisa Brady, the head teacher of the schools, tells Business Insider that in the past 2015-16 school year, middle school started at 8:15 a.m. and high school at 7:30 a.m. Under the new policy, each school now starts and ends 45 minutes later. Both schools have benefited a lot, Brady says.
Following a survey at the end of the school year, Brady says “it was clear from both the parent s and the kids, that the mornings were just less stressful.”
Many of the kids reported having more time to eat breakfast and get ready for school, while parents said they didn’t have to drag kids out of bed or yell at them to hurry up. Once students got to school, they felt more active. At night, they tended to go to bed at the same time, even though the new schedule leaves them an extra 45 minutes.
Tony is also a math teacher, and he says, kids seem more relaxed now in the campus and his students already produce better work steadily, even though the schedule just a month old. Around the campus, kids seem more relaxed now that they’re not juggling as much work as early in the day.
Negative responses to later start times are rare, but they do happen.
Brady says some parents at Dobbs Ferry have found it harder to complete the necessary morning routines and get to work on time. Meanwhile, Tony says the problem for school is finding enough buses for kids. And some students say once they finally get home, many say they have less time for all the homework they’ve been assigned.
24. What does the underlined word “groggy” in the first paragraph probably mean?
A. Active.
B. Ill.
C. Weak
D. Sleepy.
25. Under the new policy, when does the high school begin in the Dobbs Ferry School District?
A. 8:15 a.m.
B. 9:00 a.m.
C. 7:30 a.m.
D. 8:05 a.m.
26. Which of the following is not a result of the new school policy?
A. Students can have more sleep than before.
B. Both the parents and the kids have less stressful mornings.
C. The time that students spend at school remains unchanged.
D. Students are making progress in study.
27. What’s the author’s attitude towards the policy of later start times?
A. Subjective.
B. Objective.
C. Indifferent.
D. Negative.
『答案』24. D 25. A 26. A 27. B
『解析』
这是一篇议论文。

文章主要介绍了学校的推迟高中上学时间的新政策以及学生和家长对新政策的不同反应。

『24题详解』
词句猜测题。

根据前文“ Dobbs Ferry School District joined a small but growing number of schools around the US that have started pushing back their middle and high school start times in an effort to prevent students from...”（多布斯费里学区加入了美国为数不多但数量不断增加的学校的行列，这些学校开始推迟初高中上课时间，防止学生......）和第三段第一句“Many of the kids reported having more time to eat breakfast and get ready for school, while parents said they didn’t have to drag kids out of bed or yell at them to hurry up. Once students got to school, they felt more active. ”（许多孩子说他们有更多的时间吃早餐和准备上学，而家长们说他们不需要把孩子从床上拽起来或对他们大喊快点。

一旦学生们到了学校，他们感觉更加活跃。

）可知，推迟早上的上学时间，意味着学生的睡眠充足了，能够活跃起来了，因此推测此处是指避免学生困倦，groggy是“困倦的”意思。

故选D项。

『25题详解』
细节理解题。

根据文章第二段中句子“ in the past 2015-16 school year, middle school started at 8:15 a.m. and high school at 7:30 a.m. Under the new policy, each school now starts and ends 45 minutes later. ”（在过去的2015-16学年，中学早上8:15开始上课，高中早上7:30开始上课。

在新政策下，现在每个学校上课和放学的时间都推迟了45分钟。

）可知，高中之前早上7：30上课，在新政策下，推测45分钟，即8：15 a.m.开始上课。

故选A项。

『26题详解』
推理判断题。

根据文章第四段中句子“while parents said they didn’t have to drag kids out of bed or yell at them to hurry up. Once students got to school, they felt more active. At night, they tended to go to bed at the same time, even though the new schedule leaves them an extra 45 minutes.”（而家长们则表示，他们不需要把孩子从床上拽起来，也不需要对他们大喊快点。

一旦学生们到了学校，他们感觉更加活跃。

到了晚上，他们往往会在同一时间上床睡觉，即使新的时间表给他们留出了额外的45分钟。

）可知，在学校新政策下，学生并没有比以前有更多的时间睡觉。

故选A项。

『27题详解』
推理判断题。

根据第三段的“Brady says “it was clear from both the parents and the kids, that th e mornings were just less stressful.”(布雷迪称“大部分的家长和孩子都明确表示这样的早晨压力更小。

)”和第四段的“Tony is also a math teacher, and he says, kids seem more relaxed now in the campus and his students already produce better work steadily, even though the schedule just a month old. (托尼也是一名数学老师，他说虽然新课程表仅仅执行了1个月，但他的学生的学业表现已经在稳定提升。

)”并根据倒数第二段中句子“Negative responses to later start times are rare, but they do happen.”（对推迟上课时间的负面反应很少，但它们确实发生了。

）可知，作作者客观的描述了人们对于推迟是上课的态度，没有发表个人观点，因此推断作者对推迟早上上课时间的新政策是客观的。

故选B项。

D
Smart cities are coming. And you can be sure that hackers (黑客) won’t be very far behind. We’ve already gotten a glimpse of that future, as cities across the globe start to use technology to connect their services and people in ways that were science film just a few years ago. They are using sensors to collect data — such as traffic, garbage collecting, and road conditions —and then using that data to deliver services to more people and more efficiently.
But this rush to become a smart city has a major weakness: The more connected a city is, the easier it is to cyber-attacks. Hackers have, in recent years, effectively held cities hostage through ransom ware (赎金器), sometimes damaging critical systems for months at a time. The damage can cost millions to repair, as Baltimore and Atlanta have discovered.
And this is just the beginning. As cities add connectivity to their streetlights, power grids, dams, transit lines and other services, they are adding more targets that are possible to be hacked. What’s more, as additional information on people is collected, officials worry the result —lots of data could attract nation-states or terrorists who could use the data to launch physical and cyber war.
What cyber security lesson can’t be taught in this hack? For example: Don’t open email attachments from unfamiliar sources; don’t click on unrecognized links; don’t leave sensitive information visible on the walls or surfaces of your office.
But let’s just stick to the most important lesson: The information you share on social media can be used to profile and target you, whether that’s by engineering click bait (点击诱饵) aimed
at your particular interests, guessing your password based on your birthday or figuring out your schedule and travels so that an intruder can access your home or office.
Wednesday, September 18, 2019 THE W ALL STREET JOURNAL.
28. What did people use to think of smart cities?
A. It was the product of science.
B. It was sure to be popular.
C. It existed in imagination.
D. It improved people’s life.
29. What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 3?
A. Introduce the harm of hackers.
B. Show the danger of a smart city.
C. Add some background information.
D. Summarize the previous paragraphs.
30. What is officials’ attitude to big data?
A. It is convenient to provide service.
B. It is certain to bring about progress.
C. There are actually potential dangers.
D. There’s competition in high technology.
31. What does the underlined word "profile" in Para.5 mean?
A. Describe.
B. Protect.
C. Impress.
D. Fund.
『答案』28. C 29. B 30. C 31. A
『解析』
这是一篇说明文。

文章谈论了随着智能城市的即将到来，黑客也会随之更加猖狂，这使许多人担心：道高一尺，魔高一丈。

『28题详解』
推理判断题。

根据第一段第一句“Smart cities are coming. We’ve already gotten a glimpse of that future, as cities across the globe start to use technology to connect their services and people in ways that were science film just a few years ago. They are using sensors to collect data — such as traffic, garbage collecting, and road conditions —and then using that data to deliver services to more people and more efficiently.”（智能城市即将到来。

我们已经对未来有了一个初步的了解，因为世界各地的城市开始使用科技手段，将他们的服务和人们联系起来，就像几年前的科幻电影一样。

他们使用传感器收集数据——例如交通、垃圾收集和道路状况——然后利用这些
数据向更多的人和更高效地提供服务。

）可知，智能城市还没有完全到来，所以智能城市存在于想象中。

故选C项。

『29题详解』
推理判断题。

根据第三段“And this is just the beginning. As cities add connectivity to their streetlights, power grids, dams, transit lines and other services, they are adding more targets that are possible to be hacked. What’s more, as additional information on people is collected, officials worry the result —lots of data could attract nation-states or terrorists who could use the data to launch physical and cyber war.”（而这仅仅是个开始。

随着城市增加街灯、电网、水坝、交通线路和其他服务的连通性，他们增加了更多可能被黑客攻击的目标。

更重要的是，随着更多关于人的信息被收集，官员们担心其结果——大量数据可能会吸引民族国家或恐怖分子，他们可能会利用这些数据发动实体和网络战争。

）可知，智能化越多，越增加黑客攻击的目标，最坏的结果可能是某些民族国家或恐怖分子可能会利用这些数据发动实体和网络战争，这些描述说明了智能城市的危险性。

故选B项。

『30题详解』
推理判断题。

根据第三段“What’s more, as additional information on people is collected, officials worry the result —lots of data could attract nation-states or terrorists who could use the data to launch physical and cyber war.”（更重要的是，随着更多关于人的信息被收集，官员们担心其结果——大量数据可能会吸引民族国家或恐怖分子，他们可能会利用这些数据发动实体和网络战争。

）可知，官员们担心，大数据存在潜在的危险。

故选C项。

『31题详解』
词句猜测题。

根据第五段“But let’s just stick to the most important lesson: The information you share on social media can be used to profile and target you, whether that’s by engineering click bait (点击诱饵) aimed at your particular interests, guessing your password based on your birthday or figuring out your schedule and travels so that an intruder can access your home or office.”（但是我们还是坚持最重要的教训：你在社交媒体上分享的信息可以用来profile和锁定你，不管是通过设计针对你特定兴趣的点击诱饵，根据你的生日猜测你的密码，还是弄清你的日程安排和旅行，以便入侵者能够访问你的家或办公室。

）可知，黑客通过你特定兴趣的点击，你的生日等等，你在社交媒体上分享的信息，可以了解你，“描绘”你，然后锁定你，选项A“描述”与之意义相同。

故选A项。

E
Silence is unnatural to man. He begins life with a cry and ends it in stillness. In between he does all he can to make a noise in the world, and he fears silence more than anything else. Even his conversation is an attempt to prevent a fearful silence. If he is introduced to another person, and a number of pauses occur in the conversation, he regards himself as a failure, a worthless person, and is full of envy of the emptiest headed chatterbox ( 喋喋不休的人). He knows that ninety nine percent of human conversation means no more than the buzzing of a fly, but he is anxious to join in the buzz and to prove that he is a man and not a waxwork figure (蜡塑人像).
The aim of conversation is not, for the most part, to communicate ideas; it is to keep up the buzzing sound. There are, it must be admitted, different qualities of buzz; there is even a buzz that is as annoying as the continuous noise made by a mosquito. But at a dinner party one would rather be a mosquito than a quiet person. Most buzzing, fortunately, is pleasant to the ear, and some of it is pleasant even to the mind. He would be a foolish man if he waited until he had a wise thought to take part in the buzzing with his neighbors.
Those who hate to pick up the weather as a conversational opening seem to me not to know the reason why human beings wish to talk. Very few human beings join in a conversation in the hope of learning anything new. Some of them are content if they are merely allowed to go on ma king a noise into other people’s ears, though they have nothing to tell them except that they have seen two or three new plays or that they had food in a Swiss hotel. At the end of an evening, during which they have said nothing meaningful for a long time, they just prove themselves to be successful conversationalist.
32. According to the author, people make conversation to _______.
A. exchange ideas
B. prove their value
C. achieve success in life
D. overcome their fear of silence
33. The underlined phrase “the buzzing of a fly” (Para.1),the author means _______.
A. meaningless talks
B. the noise of an insect
C. a low whispering sound
D. the voice of a chatterbox
34. According to the passage, people usually talk to their neighbors _______.
A. about whatever they have prepared
B. about whatever they want to
C. in the hope of learning something new
D. in the hope of getting on well
35. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?
A. To discuss why people like talking about weather.
B. To encourage people to join in conversations.
C. To persuade people to stop making noises.
D. To explain why people keep talking.
『答案』32. D 33. A 34. B 35. D
『解析』
本文是一篇说明文。

沉默是不自然的个性，出生时人们在哭，结束时寂静，人类最怕的是沉默，即使谈话也是为了克服沉默而导致的恐惧。

本文以此展开，作者解释了人们为何不停地谈话。

『32题详解』
细节理解题。

文章第一段“In between he does all he can to make a noise in the world, and he fears silence more than anything else. Even his conversation is an attempt to prevent a fearful silence.”在这期间，他尽其所能在这个世界上制造噪音，他最害怕沉默。

甚至他的谈话也试图阻止可怕的沉默。

即表明了人类最怕的是沉默，即使谈话也是为了克服沉默而导致的恐惧，故选D。

『33题详解』
词义猜测题。

根据下文“but he is anxious to join in the buzz and to prove that he is a man and not a waxwork figure (蜡塑人像)” 但他偏要渴望着加入其中，证明自己并非一尊塑像。

由此可推断他明知道百分之九十九谈话没有什么特别意义，故此处the buzzing of a fly指的是无意义的谈话，故选A。

『34题详解』
推理判断题。

根据第二段最后一句话“He would be a foolish man if he waited until he had a wise thought to take part in the buzzing with his neighbors.” 然而若有人要想到什么至理名言才加入邻居的嗡嗡声中去，便是愚蠢至极。

由此判断出，根据文章，人们通常和他们的邻居谈论他们想要谈论的任何事情。

故选B。

『35题详解』
推理判断题。

通读全文尤其是第二段首句“The aim of conversation is not, for the most part, to communicate ideas; it is to keep up the buzzing sound.” 大多数情况下，交谈的目的不是交流思想；它是为了保持嗡嗡的声音不停止。

结合短文介绍了沉默是不自然的个性，出生时人们在哭，结束时寂静，人类最怕的是沉默，即使谈话也是为了克服沉默而导致的恐惧。