中考并列句、复合句

表选择关系的并列句
or, or else, otherwise, either…or…, not…but… 用来连接表选择关系的并列句 You may say it in English, or in Chinese.
表因果关系的并列句
for, so , therefore用于连接表因果关系的并列句
(三)用if不用whether的情况:
1.引导否定概念的宾语从句时： He asked me if I hadn’t finish my homework. 2.引导条件状语从句，if意为“如果” 时: We’ll go hiking if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.
四、宾语从句转化为简单句
D we have ever 3. This is the biggest lab _____ built in our school .
A. which B. what C. where D. / A 4. Is Oxygen (氧气）the only gas _____ helps fire burn? A.that B. / C. which D. it B parents are dead is called an 5.A child _____ orphan( 孤儿). A. who B. whose C. who’s D. which
3.当主句的谓语动词是order, require等时，如果主句和从句的 主语 不一致，宾语从句可转化为 “名词（代词）+不定式”结构:
The headmaster ordered that we should start at once. The headmaster ordered us to start at once.
并列句（Compound Sentences）：包含 两个或两个以上主谓结构的句子叫并列句， 句与句之间通常用并列连词或分号来连接， 例如：
The food was good, but he had little appetite. (主 ) (谓 ) (主)(谓) 食物很精美，但他却没什么胃口。
表并列关系
三、宾语从句注意事项
(一)当从句的原句为以下句子以及what, who作主语时，语序不变： What’s wrong? What’s the matter? What’s happening? eg:I don’t know what’s the matter. Can you tell me who is over there?
He must go now, for his mother is waiting for him.
宾语从句
一、宾语从句的概念
宾语从句属于名词性从句，在 句中作主句的宾语。 eg. We know Mr Green teaches English. She asked if these answers were right.
as soon as,
when 1.I was waiting for the bus when I met him.
2. They were playing football when it began to rain.
when, while I was waiting for the bus when I met him.
1.当主从句的主语一致时： 1) I don’t know what I shall do next. I don’t know what to do next. 2)John didn’t decide which shirt he would buy. John didn’t decide which shirt to buy.
二、宾语从句三要素：
连 接 词
语
时
序
态
（一）连 接 词
1.连词that引导：作从句的原句是陈述句。 I hear _____English is not easy. 2.if/ whether “是否”，用它引导从句， 说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常 用在ask, wonder, can(could) you tell me 等后。原句为一般疑问句，选择疑 问句或反意疑问句。 Could you tell me if (whether) Miss Brown lives in that house?
2.当主句的谓语含有双宾语时，如果间 宾与从句（直宾）中的主语一致时： 1)Can you tell me how I can get to the police station? Can you tell me how to get to the police station? 2)Please show me how I should start the recorder. Please show me how to start the recorder.
8. We have been friends since we met at school. 9. Where have you been since I last saw you? 10. It has been 13 days since we left school.
till /until 11.They worked till /until
（二）语序：陈述句语序
即：主句+连接词+从句（主+谓+其他成分） Do you still remember _________(他说的什 么)?
（三）时态：
主句用现在时或将来时，从句可用任何时态。 主句用过去时，从句用与过去相关的时态。
特殊情况：
1.从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然现象、 名言时，任用现在时。 Dad told us that it is better to do than to say. He told the boy that three and three is six. Could you tell me where the bookshop is? 2.从句中有具体时间状语，即使从句动作发生在 主句动作前，仍然用一般过去时。 The teacher told me she was born in 1960.
(二)只能ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้whether不能用if的情况
1.在介词后面： I’m thinking of whether we should go fishing. We didn’t think about whether it would rain the next day. 2.在动词不定式前： They asked me whether to sit at the front.
9. October 1,1949 is the day _____ B the PRC was founded.
A. which
B. when
C. that
D. on that
状语从句
The Adverbial Clause
时间状语从句
条件状语从句
目的状语从句 结果状语从句 原因状语从句
I. 时间状语从句 when, while before, after since till / until, not…until
5. While he was doing his homework, he was listening to the radio. 6. We often go to bed after we finish our homework. 7. We often finish our homework before we go to bed.
4.宾语从句提前时： Whether this is true or not, I can’t say.
5.在动词discuss后的宾语从句中: We discussed whether we would have a sports meeting next week. 6.引导表语从句或位于句首的主语从句 用whether： Whether he is right or wrong is a question. The question was whether he went there last night.
6. The house ____ A we saw at the foot of the hill was built a century ago. A.which A.which B. where B. what C. what C. why D. in which D. for that C you are for the plan. 7. Is that the reason _____ A some German 8. Is this the museum _____ friends visited last week. A.that B. where C. the one D. in which
3.当从句原本是特殊疑问句时，用以下连接代词 和连接副词引导： what, which, who, whom, whose, when, where, how, why, how far, how long, how many, how much, how often… 作用：连接主句和从句，并在从句中担任句子成 分，具有一定的意义。 eg:I didn’t hear ____ what he wanted me to do. I want to know who ____is that young man. Tom asked us____ when we would start the party.
and和， both…and…和…两个都， as well as 也， Not only…but also…不但…而且…，
Neither…nor…既不…也不…
He gave me a present, and I like it very much.
表转折关系 but while, however, yet, still用来连接表示转 折关系的并列句。 He is old but he is in good health.
While I was waiting for the bus, I met him.
3. While they were playing football, it began to rain.
4. While he was watching TV, the power suddenly went off.
3.当与or not连用，或提出两种选择 时: I don’t know whether he’s free or not. Mary asked whether I was doing my homework or not. Tell me whether you’d like to go shopping or tidy the room.
4.其他转换： 1)He insisted that he should go with us. He insisted on going with us. 2)We found that the box was very heavy. We found the box very heavy.
Exercises: B 1. The radio set _____ has gone wrong. A. I bought it last week B. I bought last week C. which I bought it last week D. what I bought last week D he told me last week. 2. I’ll tell you _____ A. all which C. that all B. all what D. all