8A U6 复习提纲

Chapter 6 Ancient stories
★Phrases and sentences
1. 将……表演出来 1. act out
2. 在古代 2. in ancient times
3. 放弃 3. give up doing sth.
4. 驾船离去 4. sail away
5. 把……拉入…… 5. pull … into
6. 拿……开玩笑 6. make jokes about
7. 到了午夜7. by midnight
8. 除……之外8. except for
9. 在……的侧面9. on the side of
10. 尽力做某事10. try to do sth.= try/do one’s best to do
11. 用一个巧妙的计策11. through a clever trick
12. 锁上所有大门12. lock all the gates
13. 入睡，进入梦乡13. go to sleep= fall asleep
14. 充满……的;(有)大量的14. (be) full of= be filled with
15. 从……之中爬出来15. climb out of
16. 一个接一个地16. one by one= one after another
17. 进入城市17. enter the city
18. 成功做成某事18. succeed in doing sth.=manage to do sth.
=be able to do sth.
19. 那边19. over there
20. 随身携带20. take sth. with sb.
21. 留下一匹巨大的木马21. leave a huge wooden horse
22. 决定做某事22. decide to do sth.
23. 快；加油23. come on
24. 从我童年起24. since my childhood
25. 从……偷走…… 25. steal … from
26. 用……装满…… 26. fill … with
27. 最后27. in the end = at last = finally
28. 害怕28. be afraid of
29. 开……玩笑29. play a trick on sb.= make fun of sb.
30. 保密30. keep a secret
★Meaning of the words and phrases
1. huge ------ very big
2. stupid ------ not clever/ wise; foolish; silly
3. enter ------ go into; come into; walk into
4. (be) full of ------ be filled with
5. in the end ------ at last; finally
6. ancient ------ very old
7. except ------ but
8. quietly ------ without any sound
9. make jokes about ------make fun of; play a trick on; laugh at
10. empty ------ have nothing inside/in
11. understand ------ know the meaning of
12. be different from ------ be not the same as
13. main ------ the most important
14. wooden ------ made of wood
15. succeed ------ achieve
16. come on ------ try hard or be quick
★Language: 现在完成时（二）
1、现在完成时常与“for + 一段时间”或“since + 过去某个时间点”的时间状语连用。

1). “for + 一段时间”意为“(到现在为止) …… 时间”，如for a long time, for 10 years等等, 与持续性动
词的现在完成时连用,不能与瞬间动词连用。

They have been there for ten years. 他们已经在那儿十年了。

He has left for five minutes. ( X )
He has been away for five minutes. ( √ )
但瞬间动词的否定形式可以与“for + 一段时间”连用。

I haven’t met him for years.
2). “since + 过去某个时间点或时间段+ ago或句子”意为“自……以来”，如since August 2003, since
yesterday, since two o’clock，since ten years ago等。

I haven’t laughed like this since my childhood.
They have been there since ten years ago. 他们已经在那儿十年了。

3).瞬间动词和持续性动词
瞬间动词表示短暂的动作，这种动作发生后立即结束。

如come，go，leave，start，begin，become，receive，die, open, close, move, borrow, lend, buy等。

持续性动词表示能持续一段时间的动作，如work，stay，leave，live，learn, stand, know, keep, have 等。

某些短暂动词可以换成相应的持续性动词:
come —be /stay die —be dead (死亡的) come to—be in / at (来到---)
go out —be out arrive—be here (到达) buy—have
begin (start )—be on(开始) finish — be over leave —be away(离开)
catch a cold —have a cold open—be open fall asleep — be asleep
close — be closed borrow —keep join —be in (参加)
如：电影开始五分钟了。

The film began five minutes ago.= The film has been on for five minutes.
他入党五年了。

He joined the Party five years ago .= He has been in the Party for five years.
=He has been a Party member for five years.
4).现在完成时的主要句型:
a. 现在完成时+ for + 一段时间
We have known each other for twenty years. 我们认识有二十年了。

b. 现在完成时+ since + 一段时间+ ago
He has lived here since two years ago. 他自从两年前就住在这里。

c. 现在完成时+ since + 时间点
Mr. Smith has worked here since 1984. 1984年以来，史密斯先生一直在这工作。

d. 现在完成时+since + 一般过去时
He’s learned about 5,000 English words since he went to college.
他上大学以来大约学了五千个英语单词。

e. It is + 一段时间+ since + 一般过去时
It is two years since he died. = He died two years ago. =He has been dead for two years. = He has been
dead since two years ago. 他去世两年了。

2、现在完成时与一般过去时
一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作。

常与表示过去的时间连用。

如: yesterday, last year, in 1993, three years ago, just now, when I came in 等。

现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。

常与since…, for…, just, ever, before, never, yet, recently, already, lately, so far等连用。

也可以与包括现在在内的时间状语连用：如today, this week（本星期），this term（本学期），this morning（今天上午），this month（本月），this year（今年），these days（这些天），in the past two weeks（在过去的两个星期）等。

如：I have lost my new book. 我把新书丢了。

（现在还未找到）
I lost my new book yesterday. 我昨天把新书丢了。

（昨天丢的，现在找到与否没说明）
1. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

1). I_____ already _____ (see) the film. I_____ (see) it last week.
2). --- _____ he _____ (finish) his work today ? ---Not yet .
3). --- _____you _____ (be) to Hong Kong ?
---Yes, I _____ (be) there twice .
4). My father _____just _____ (come) back from work.. He is tired now.
5). Where’s Li Ming ? He _____ (go) to the teacher’s office.
6). Shanghai _____ (be) a small town hundreds of years ago. Now it _____ (become) a large city.
7). I _____ (work) here since I _____ (move) here in 1999.
8). So far I _____ (make) quite a few friends here.
9). ---How long _____ the Smiths _____ (stay) here? --- For two weeks.
10). She _____ (be) ill for three days.
11). She _____ (not read) this book before.
12). They _____ (begin) to build the bridge five years ago but they _____ (not finish) it yet.
2. 完成句子，每空一词，使两句话意思一致。

1). My brother joined the army two years ago.
My brother _____ _____ a soldier _____ two years ago.
2). Jim bought a football three weeks ago.
Jim _____ _____ a football _____ three weeks.
3). The film began five minutes ago.
The film _____ _____ _____ _____ five minutes .
4). He left Shenzhen half an hour ago.
He _____ _____ _____ ______ Shenzhen since half an hour ago.
5). My grandpa died in 2002.
My grandpa _____ _____ _____ _____ 2002.
3. 根据句子意思，用所给单词的适当形式填空。

1). People in ancient times didn’t need ________ (learn) so much history.
2). All of us succeeded in ________ (pass) the last exam.
3. Can you speak ________ (Greece)?
4). What have you ________ (eat) for breakfast?
5). Tony was late and entered the classroom _________ (secret).
6). I’ll wait for you at the ________ (enter) tomorrow.
7). The ________ (wood) desks are the cheapest of all.
8). The introduction ________ (main) tells us how to use the machine.
9). If you want to learn English well, learn it by ________ (use) it.
10). The bottle is ________ (fill) with water.
11). As we know, a coin has two ________ (side).
12). Is there any ________ (different) between them?
13). They all like story except ________ (he).
14). Cao Cao has tried many times _________ (capture) Jingzhou during the Three Kingdoms
Period.
★Writing
中国古代有个“郑人买履”的故事，说有个想要买鞋的郑国人，先量好自己脚的尺寸，后来忘带量好的尺码，回家拿尺寸，集市关门而没有买到鞋。

根据提示和图表，写一个80字左右的小故事。

参考词汇: measure(测量) size (尺码) ruler(尺子) shopkeeper(店主) close(关门)
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