阅读之主旨及推测

2014
B
Have you ever wanted to stop eating something sweet but you just couldn’t? Is the first thing you do when you get home from school to look in the biscuit tin? Can you eat a huge bar of chocolate all by yourself? Can you say “no” to sweets at parties? If yo u can’t, then there is a reason... perhaps, you’re a sugar addict (有瘾的人)！Does that sound funny? Well, doctors say that people who eat sweets regularly can easily become addicted (成瘾的）to sugar. What’s more, most sugar addicts don’t even realize that they are addicted! Sugar addiction is serious because it can really damage your health. Doctors say that we should eat food which is healthy such as fresh fruits and vegetables, and that w e shouldn’t eat a lot of sugar, fat or fast food. But sugar addicts can’t follow this advice. They know they must stop eating sweet food, but they can’t. So what can you do if you think you’re addicted to the taste of sugar? Well, here is some advice: •Eat some fresh fruits when you really want something sweet to eat.
•Cut down on sweet food slowly. Don’t try to stop eating it all at once
•You have to tell your parents. If they know, they will help you.
80. What can we infer (推断）from the passage?
A. Fresh fruits are the best food for us.
B. We shouldn’t eat sugar to keep healthy.
C. Parents may help you to give up bad eating habits.
D. It’s very necessary to stop eating sweet food at once.
81. What’s the main idea of the passage?
A. Some advice to stop eating sweet food.
B. The importance of having good eating habits.
C. The reasons why people become addicted to sugar.
D. Something about sugar addiction and how to give it up.
C
Naturally, American schoolchildren love holidays. And they get a lot of them each year. Besides having national holidays such as Thanksgiving and Presidents’ Day off from school, students get longer breaks in the spring and during the summer holidays. In fact, kids in the US only go to school for about 180 days a year. To students, holidays are perfect. However, parents think there are advantages and disadvantages.
On the one hand, school holidays allow families to spend time together. Many American parents take time off from work during June, July or August to travel with their children on vacations either in the US or in a foreign country. On the other hand, schoolchildren get much more time off school than parents get vacation time. This means that parents with young children may have to pay more in babysitting or daycare costs. As well, the long summer holidays mean that students sometimes get bored.
Besides going on trips with their parents, American students enjoy taking part in different kinds of activities during the holidays. For example, some kids enjoy summer camps and outdoor adventure (冒险）holidays. Such trips are great for adventurous students. They also have a lot to offer students who aren’t usually interested in traditional PE activities. You can do courses in survival (生存）skills, for example. Students learn how to make a camp in the forest, which wild food they can eat and how to find their way back to the center.
Students who are not excited about summer camps and outdoor adventure may take part in courses in computer game design, filmmaking and photography during the holidays. Finally, the traditional school trip to foreign countries is always popular. Students can practice their foreign language skills and experience
everyday life in a different culture.
85. What would be the best title for the passage?
A. School Trips in the US.
B. School Holidays in the US.
C. School Activities in the US.
D. Outdoor Adventure in the US.
2013
B
When I crossed a small road on my first day in Kolkata, I was surprised because I heard a bell---- not a horn(喇叭). It was a tiny man pulling a rickshaw（黄包车）. He stopped and picked up two children from the front door of their house and pulled them to school. For many people, the rickshaw in Kolkata has many advantages. When the traffic is bad, rickshaw find a way through the traffic. If you miss your bus and there aren’t any taxis, you can always find a rickshaw in Kolkata. Rickshaws are also very popular with local shoppers. The driver takes you from your house to the market and waited for you. Then he loads(装载) all your things, drops you off outside your home and helps you unload. No other type of public transport offers this kind of service.
From June to September, Kolkata gets heavy rain. Sometime it rains for 48 hours without a break. In some parts of the city, the road flood(水淹), and anything with an engine(发动机)is useless. But the rickshaw drivers never stop working, even with water all around them.
But not everyone thinks rickshaws are a good thing. The local government wants to ban rickshaws. They believe it is wrong for one man to pull another person when there is modern transport in the city. However, there is a problem with this plan. Many of the rickshaws come from the countryside. The only job they can find in Kolkata is pulling a rickshaw. If the city bans rickshaws, these men won’t have a job. So for the moment, the people of Kolkata still go by rickshaw.
79. What’s the main idea of Paragraph 1?
A. The rickshaw drivers carry things for local people in Kolkata.
B. Parents need rickshaws for taking children to school in Kolkata.
C. Rickshaws can find a way through the bad traffic in Kolkata.
D. Rickshaws are very useful for the people’s daily life in Kolkata.
81. What can we learn from the passage?
A. The rickshaws in Kolkata have loud horns.
B. The rickshaws is still a part of public transport in Kolkata.
C. The local government offer many other jobs to the rickshaw drivers.
D. The people in Kolkata are supposed to take rickshaws instead of cars.
C
Nathan Sawaya’s childhood was a lot of fun. He draw cartoons, wrote stories, and played with plastic toy brocks (积木). His grandparents bought his first set of toy bricks when he was five years old and he’s been building with toy bricks ever since. He even took his building bricks to college with him! Instead of books and a computer, he had a model of Greenwich Village made of bricks on his desk.
Nathan started as a lawyer but gave up his highly-paid (高薪的) job to become an artist that uses toys in his art. He uses toy bricks to build everything from the Statue of Liberty (自由女神像) to Superman! He has more than 15 million colored bricks in his working room in New York which he uses to make pieces of art. He started by building small models but then decided to do something big and created a self-portrait (自画像). It took him two days just to build the eyes.
Nathan’s work has appeared in museums around the world. Children love his art because it is made out of the same toys that they play with at home and adults love his work because it is fascinating. Since it began in 2007, Nathan’s exhibition “The Art of the Brick”has been very popular with museum visitors everywhere.
“I’m proud that I took a dream I had as a child, to become an artist, and I have actually made a job out of it,”says Nathan, “To do what you love in life on his most important thing.”
85. What would be the best title for the passage?
A. The Brick Artist
B. The Brick Exhibition
C. Toy Bricks for Adults
D. The Artist’s Childhood
2012
B
We humans are only born with one set of eyes, so it's our job to take care of them for our whole lives. The good news is that if we do a few simple things every day, we can maintain (保持) our eyesight and reduce (减少) the risk of ever hurting our eyes.
Almost all doctors agree that we can improve and maintain good eyesight by eating lots of fresh fruits and vegetables. It is especially important for us to eat vegetables like carrots and sweet potatoes. Besides, we need to protect our eyes when we spend a long time in a bright sunlight. The best way to do this id by wearing sunglasses that have 100% UV (紫外线) protection. What's more, it is necessary to protect our eyes when we work with dangerous chemicals (化学物质). For this reason we should always wear goggles in chemistry labs at work or at school. Finally, we should not spend too much time in front of the computer for a long time. That is why doctors advise if we have to use a computer for a long time, we should take a short break every fifteen or thirty minutes.
Maintaining good eyesight is important. If we do these few simple things we can protect our eyes and reduce the chances of losing our eyes. As the popular English expression goes, "It's all fun and game, until someone loses an eye." When people say this, they mean that losing an eye is a very terrible thing.
81.Which would be the best title for the passage?
A.Fun and Games with Our Eyes
B.Caring for Our Eyes
C.The Risk of Hunting Our Eyes
D.Born with One Set of Eyes
C
How would we travel without maps? It would be a bit adventurous (冒险的）to set off from Oxford University to go to London Bridge if there wasn't a map of the London Underground at each station. In fact, a lot of the early map-makers were adventurers and explorers, especially in the late 15th and 16th centuries.
So what did people do before there were maps? Well, it was quite easy to use natural signs like mountains and rivers if you were travelling on foot or riding a horse. People took small boats down rivers and followed coastlines. And it was much more logical (合理的) to use time, not distance, to measure (计量) journeys: the next villages is a three-hour ride, for example.
In fact, in the earliest maps, people didn’t draw landmarks. They drew the stars. It was very easy to see the night sky and use it for navigation (航行). The sky was a lot clearer before the light pollution from cities that we have today. When towns and cities were built, people drew road maps which gave correct distances and directions.
The London underground was opened in 1863and it also used a road map style. But a man called Henry Beck realized that travelling by train wasn’t the same as driving your car across London. Passengers only needed to know which stations to change at his new design or the Underground map wasn’t very
popular with the train companies at first. But the passengers loved it and in 1993,700,000 copies were printed.
These days, of course, you can ride a bike, drive a car or go through a forest and know where you are exactly, using a GPS. It’s really difficult to get lost.！
85. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Maps have a long history
B. We never get lost three days
C. We can’t travel without maps
D. Henry Beck designed a new map
2011
B
Welcome to the Amazing kids Website! Here you can read about clever children all over the world.
Gina, who is thirteen years old, got first prize in the “Young Cook of the Year” competition and is now writing her own recipe(烹饪) book for kids . “I want it to be fun to read and easy enough for children to use,” she says. Gina learned by observing(观察) her father, who’s also good at cooking ,in the kitchen. She wants to encourage other children to cook because “everyone needs to eat, so it’s a skill that will always be useful!”
Fourteen-year-old Bren used to love running until he had a serious car accident three years ago; He lost part of one leg and didn’t even expect to walk again. Now he’s an athlete who has recently completed a marathon. “After my accident I want to give up,” he says. “But now I’m happy to be ali ve and able to continue running.”
Helga has always been good at science, but she thought it was too difficult to become an inventor. Then she heard about an accident that had happened when a car hit a train in her town. “That gave me an idea.” says the cl ever sixteen-year-old girl. It looks her over a year to invent a special machine that tells car drivers when a train is coming. One company is already interested in selling it, so it may be in the shops soon!
81. Which would be the best title for the passage?
A. Amazing Kids, Special Abilities
B.How to Be a Good Student
C. Different People, Different Ideas
D. How to Get Living Skills
C
Doctors Without Borders(国界)
Chris is not a traditional explorer（探险家）——he usually works in an office for a large organization .However, Chris’ job can be just as exciting and dangerous as being an explorer.
Chris works for MSF, an organization also known as Doctors without Borders. Since 1971,MSF has sent trained doctors all over the world to help people who have suffered from disaster(遭受灾难)，such as wars and illnesses. Chris is a doctor from France who has traveled to many places to organize programs that help people.
At the moment, over 27,000 trained doctors have taken part in MSF projects. The organization received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1999. All kinds of doctors can volunteer for MSF .they need to be ready to go almost anywhere in the world and, of course, they should face difficulties. Most of MSF’s work is in Africa. When MSF choose a doctor for a task, they have to go for at least six months. When doctors have completed a few tasks, they might be sent on an emergency(紧急的) task following a disaster ,such as an earthquake .
But why would doctors leave a comfortable life and a good pay to join MSF? According to Chris, the experience they have is a great help in their life. What’s more ,just like the explorers of the past, they need to keep an open mind and learn to get on well with the people they meet. One thing that they can say at the
end of any task in that they have made a real difference to people’s lives.
85. What is the main idea of this passage?
A .Chris is a doctor who has organized programs to help people.
B. MSF received the Noble Peace Prize for helping poor countries.
C. Volunteer doctors make a real difference to their own lives in MSF.
D .MSF offers medical help to people who have suffered from disasters.
2010
B
In 1975, Junko T abei became the first woman to reach the top of Mount Everest in the Himalaya Mountains, the highest mountain in the world at 29,035 feet.
Junko was born in 1939 and grew up in a small town in Japan. During her childhood, she was thin and weak. At age 10, Junko went on a school trip. The students climbed two mountains, and Junko loved it. She could climb in her own time and ability.
After Junko graduated from university in 1962, she joined several climbing clubs. But they had mostly men members. Some refused to climb with a woman. In 1965, Junko married a well-known Japanese climber. Over the years, they climbed all the highest mountains of Japan.
Meanwhile Junko started a woman’s climbing club. By 1972, she was chosen to lead a team of women to climb Mount Everest. It took three years for the 15 women to train and raise money for their climb.
Finally in 1975, the team went to climb the mountain. They found nine guides tohelp them climbup the mountain. Everything went well until the morning of May 4.Suddenly a huge amount of snowand ice fell on them. One guide saved Junko. Sherushed to help others. Everyone was alive but they had injuries, including Junko. However, the team decided to continue their climb. About two weeks later, on May 16, Junko reached the top of Mount Everest. Later she said, "l can't understand why men make all this fuss(过于关注) about Everest -- it's only a mountain."
76. What does the author mainly want to tell us?
A. Mountain climbing is dangerous.
B. Women can do the same things as men.
C. Junko was the greatest climber in the world.
D. Junko had a very hard time before she succeeded.
C
Sleep is very important. A person who does not sleep dies faster than a person who does not eat. We spend about a third(1/3) of our lives in sleep. That’s about 121 days a year!
How much sleep do we need? We are all different. A baby needs 16 hours of sleep
every day. Children 6 to 12 years old need an average(平均) of 10 to 12 hours of sleep.
Teenagers need 9 to 10 hours of sleep. An adult needs an average of 7 to 8 hours a night.
There are some people who need only 3 hours of sleep. Others need 10 hours of sleep.
After the age of 50, the average sleep time goes down to 6.5 hours a night. We need less
sleep as we get older.
About one in three Americans has a problem withsleep. Many of these people cannot fall asleep. The nameof this problem is insomnia. Some people say, "I didn'tsleep all ni ght.” But that's not really true. They may sleeplightly andwake up several times. In the morning, theyonly remember the times they were awake, so they think they were awake all night.
This is not a new problem. Many famous people in history had insomnia. Some ofthese people had special ideas to make them sleep. Benjamin Franklin had four beds.He moved from one to the other to fall
asleep. Mark Twain had a different way. He layon his side across the end of the bed!
80. Which would be the best title for this passage?
A. Sleep More!
B. Go to Sleep!
C. Age and Sleep Time
D. Famous People and Sleep
2009
B
Two month ago, I went to Australia for a meeting with my workmate, Chris.We decided to drive across country to Brisbane after the meeting ended. The drive was going to take four days and most of it was across the desert(沙漠).
The first day was a lot of fun as we were excited and laughing at each other's jokes. By the third day of driving in the desert, we began to get bored. We had been quite for a few hours when Chris saw some kangaroos(袋鼠).We were both excited and decided to get a closer look. And Chris drove very quickly to catch up with the kangaroos. We got closer and close—too clos—when we heard a loud BANG!
Chris stopped the car and we got out. Behind the car was a large kangaroo lying completely still(不动的) on the ground. Chris went over to the kangaroo and put his baseball cap on its head. He took off his sunglasses and put them on the kangaroo and did the same with his jacket. Then, he put his arm around the kangaroo and told me to take a photo of them together. I took out my camera. While I was focusing(调整焦距) the camera. I saw the kangaroo move. It suddenly woke up, and ran away before we could do anything.
I started laughing but Chris looked very serious. He said his wallet is in the jacket. I started laughing even harder. I stopped laughing, however, when he said that our car keys were also in the jacket.
71.What can we get from this passage?
A.Chris saved the kangaroo's life
B.The meeting was held in Brisbane
C.Chris thought the kangaroo was dead
D.The writer took a photo of Chris and the kangaroo
72.What would be the best title for this passage?
A.An unusual experience
B.My Australian meeting
C.On the way to Australia
D.A clever kangaroo
C
It's the week before school starts. Alice is shopping for clothes with two friends, Nina and Vicki. Alice put on a black jacket, turns to her friends, says," Hey, what do you think?"
The girls look at her and both start laughing."No way. Alice!"
Nina laughs, "That's a man's jacket."
Alice feels a little angry."Yeah, well, I like it."
"Yeah," says Vicki, "but what will people at school say?"
Alice thinks for a moment. Then she takes off the jacket."Yeah. You are right."
Peer pressure（同伴压力）.We all know about it. Your friends wear certain clothes or listen to certain music. You don't want to be different. So you do those things too.
Fifteen minutes later, Alice is still thinking about the black jacket."Yeah. There's pressure to follow others," she explains, "If your clothes or hair are different, people make fun of you. You know, they laugh and point."
Vicki agrees."It's true, You even have to have a certain kind of boyfriend or girlfriend. I think these rules are childish(幼稚的).But when you're different, you feel like an outsider. And that's hard."
Alice walks away.
"Hey, Alice" calls Nina."Where are you going?"
"To get the black jacket, I don't care what others think I like it and I'm buying it."
76.What is the main idea of this passage?
A.Young people should follow others
B.Girls have different ideas about the jacket
C.Girls like to wearing different kinds of clothes
D.Young people care much about what others think
D
Soon computers and other machines will be able to remember you by looking at your eyes.The programme works because everyone's eyes are different.So in the future you won't have to remember a number when you want to use a machine or take money out of a bank.You'll just have to look at the machine and it will be able to tell who you are.
The eye-recognition(眼睛识别) programme is already being tested in shops and banks in the
USA,Britain,Spain,Italy and Turkey.Soon,this technology(技术) will take the place of(取代) all other ways of finding out who people are.
However,scientists are working on other systems(系统).Machine will soon be able to know you from the shape of your face or hand or even your smell! We already have machines that can tell who you are from your voice or the mark made by your fingers.
Eye-recognition is better than other kinds because your eyes don't change as you get older,or get dirty like hands or fingers.And even twins have different eyes,so the programme can be up to 94%
correct,depending on how good the technology is.Some programme may only be right 51% of the time.In Britain,It was found that 91% of people who had tried it said that they like the idea of eye-recognition.
In the future,your computer will be looking you in the eye.So smile!
80.What does paragraph 4 talk about?
A.Introduction to other kinds of programmes
B.Advantages of the programme
C.The places where the programme is tested
D.The way how the programme works。