广东省高考英语专题检测卷（十六）阅读理解

⼴东省⾼考英语专题检测卷（⼗六）阅读理解
专题检测卷(⼗六)
阅读理解
(建议⽤时: 25分钟)
A
(2013·潍坊模拟)
People have wondered for a long time how their personalities and behaviors are formed. It’s not easy to explain why one person is intelligent and another is not, or why one is cooperative and another is competitive.
Social scientists are, of course, extremely interested in these types of question. They want to explain why we possess certain characteristics and exhibit certain behaviors. There are no clear answers yet, but two distinct schools of thought on the matter have developed. As one might expect, the two approaches are very different from each other, and there is a great deal of debate between proponents of each theory. The argument is often conveniently referred to as nature vs. nurture. Those who support the“nature”side of the conflict believe that our personalities and behavior patterns are largely determined by biological and genetic factors. That our environment has little, if anything, to do with our abilities, characteristics and behavior is central to this theory. Taken to an extreme, this theory maintains that our behavior is predetermined(注定)to such a great degree that we are almost completely governed by our instincts(本能).
Proponents of the“nurture”theory, or, as they a re often called, behaviorists, claim that our environment is more important than our biologically based instincts in determining how we will act. Behaviorists see humans as beings whose behavior is almost completely shaped by their surroundings. Their view of the human being is quite mechanistic; they maintain that, like machines, humans respond to environmental stimuli(something that helps sb. /sth. to develop better and more quickly)as the basis of their behavior.
The social and political connections of these two theories are significant. In the United States, for example, blacks often score below whites on standardized intelligent test. This leads some“nature”proponents to conclude that blacks are genetically worse than whites. Behaviorists, in contrast, say that the differences in scores are due to the fact that blacks are often robbed of many of the educational and other environmental advantages that whites enjoy, and that, as a result, they do not develop the same responses that whites do.
Neither of these theories can yet fully explain human behavior. In fact, it is quite likely that the key to our behavior lies somewhere between these two extremes. That the argument will continue for a long time is certain.
1. The author is mainly concerned about solving the problem.
A. why our personalities and behaviors differ
B. what makes different stages of intelligence
C. how social scientists form different theories
D. what causes the“nature/nurture”argument
2. The underlined word“proponents”can best be re placed by.
A. approaches
B. advocates
C. principles
D. characters
3. Which of the following statements may be supported by the“nature”school?
A. We are born with certain personalities and behaviors.
B. Environment has nothing to do with our personalities.
C. Abilities and characteristics are showed by behaviors.
D. Only extreme behaviors are determined by instincts.
4. What can we learn about the behaviorists?
A. They believe human beings are mechanical.
B. They compare our behaviors to the machines.
C. They suggest that we react to the environment as the machines do.
D. They agree that the mechanistic theory can be applied on us as well.
5. The“nature”theorists believe that the blacks’ low scores.
A. are the result of the educational disadvantages
B. are a display of the blacks’ poor intelligence
C. have nothing to do with their true intelligence
D. have nothing to do with factors other than heredity
B
体裁议论⽂话题教育孩⼦词数291
When a child is told he is“uncool”, it can be very painful. He may say he doesn’t care, and even act in ways that are opposite of cool on purpose. But these are simply ways to handle sadness by pretending it’s not there.
Helping a child feel better in school had to be careful. If you say, “Why are you
worried about what other children think about you? It doesn’t
matter! ”Children know that it does matter. Instead, an active way may be
best. You could say, “I’m going to do a couple of things for you to help you feel
better in school. ”
If a boy is having trouble making friends, the teacher can help him. The
teacher can arrange things so that he has chances to use his abilities to
contribute to class projects. This is how the other children learn how to value his good qualities and to like him. A teacher can also raise a child’s popularity in the group by showing that he values that child. It even helps to put him in a seat next to a very popular child, or let him be a partner with that child in activities, etc.
There are things that parents can do at home, too. Be friendly when your child brings others home to play. Encourage him to invite friends to meals and then serve the dishes they consider. When you plan trips, picnics, movies, and other shows, invite another child with whom your child wants to be friends.
What you can do is give him a chance to join a group that may be shutting him out. Then, if he has good qualities, he can start to build a real friendship of his own.
6. A child who has been informed of being“uncool”may.
A. care nothing about it
B. do something uncool on purpose
C. develop a sense of anger
D. pretend to get hurt very much
7. A teacher can help an unpopular child by.
A. seeing the child as the teacher’s favorite
B. asking the child to do something for partners
C. forcing other children to make friends with the child
D. offering the child chances to show his good qualities
8. How can parents help their child fit in better?
A. By cooking delicious food for him.
B. By being kind to his schoolmates.
C. By forcing him to invite friends home.
D. By taking him to have picnics in the park.
9. Which of the following is TRUE?
A. Children don’t care others’ comments on them.
B. It’s only teachers’ work to make children popular.
C. Parents should take their children out for picnics and shows more often.
D. Inviting children’s friends to family activities is good for them to make friends.
10. The text is mainly about.
A. how an unpopular child can be helped
B. why some children are unpopular
C. what good qualities unpopular children have
D. who care about unpopular children
体裁应⽤⽂话题职场“分⼿”礼仪词数360 (2013·东莞模拟)
How Many Ways Can You Say Goodbye to a Job?
As talk of a thaw in hiring freezes rises above a whisper, many people are already planning to look for a new position when the job market picks up. But the way you quit can
have a long term impact on your career. How to resign on good terms:
Be prepared.
Review your employee handbook or employment contract before announcing
your decision, so you know what company policy is regarding resignations,
severance, the return of company property and pay for unused vacation time.
If you have another job lined up, be sure to have your offer in writing before
you resign.
Use it or lose it.
If you haven’t used vacation time and wil l lose it if you quit, you might want to use your time before leaving or link it to your resignation date. But if you don’t want to burn any bridges, don’t take vacation and announce your departure just after you return.
Make an appointment.
Be formal and make an appointment with your boss. Prepare what you want to say. Be direct and be transparent. After the discussion, put your resignation in a hardcopy letter that includes your last day and any transitional help you’ve offered. Keep
a copy. Two weeks a dvance notice is still standard but experts recommend offering more time if you’ve worked at the company for more than five years. You also need to be prepared to leave right away some companies require it. Scru
b your digital footprint.
Clear your browser cache, remove passwords to Web sites you use from work, such as your。