Unit 1 课时3 Grammar(学生版)九年级英语全一册同步精品讲义(人教版)

Unit 1 How can we become good learners？
目标导航
Grammar How引导的特殊疑问句；by的常见用法；动词-ing的用法知识精讲
知识点01 how引导的特殊疑问句
1、how 用于询问动作执行的方式、手段等，译为“怎样”。

【句型剖析】how用来对交通方式提问，意为“如何；怎样”。

其答语有三种:
①take a(n)/the+交通工具(单数)
②by+交通工具(单数)
③on/in+限定词+交通工具
如：How do you go home?你怎样回家?
I go home by bike/on foot.我骑自行车/步行回家。

【即学即练】1．—Linda, how do you go to school every day?
—I usually go to school ________ bike, but sometimes I go to school ________ foot. A．with; on B．on; by C．by; on
2、how 用于询问动作的执行程度，译为“怎样”。

【句型剖析】—how do you like china？你觉得中国怎么样？
—I like it very much. 非常喜欢。

【即学即练】2．—How do you like mapo tofu?
—Delicious! It’s the ________ dish that I’ve ever eaten.
A．saltiest B．best C．worst
3、how 用于询问身体健康状况，译为“怎么样”。

【句型剖析】—how are you？你好吗？
—I’m fine，thank you. 我很好，谢谢。

【即学即练】3．当别人问你“How are you?”时，你应该说________
A．How are you? B．How do you do?
C．I'm fine, thank you. And you? D．I'm fine, too.
4、how 用见面的问候语中。

【句型剖析】how do you do？你好！How’s it going？最近怎么样？
【即学即练】4.—How’s it going, Tony?
—________
A．It’s raining now.B．It is fine. C．Not bad. D．It’s on North Street.
5、how far引导的特殊疑问句
【句型剖析】how far用来对距离提问，意为“多远”，其答语有两种:
①用长度单位表示:It's+路程(+from A to B)
②用时间表示:It's+数字+minutes' walk.
如：How far is it from your home to school? 从你家到学校有多远？
It's ten kilometers. 十公里远。

It's ten minutes' walk. 步行十分钟。

【即学即练】5．—How far is your home from school?
—About ________ walk.
A．five-minute B．five minute’s
B．C．five-minutes D．five minutes
6、how long 引导的特殊疑问句
【句型剖析】how long用来对时间提问，意为“多久”，其答语有两种:
①It takes sb.+时间+to do sth.
②It's about+时间段
How long does it take you to clean your house? 打扫屋子花费你多长时间？
It takes me an hour to clean my house.打扫屋子花费我一个小时。

It's about an hour. 大概一个小时。

【即学即练】6．—Peter, how long have you been in the ice skating club?
—Not long. I didn’t join the club ________ I enjoyed the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics.
A．when B．until C．unless D．after
7、how often引导的特殊疑问句
【句型剖析】how often 用来对频度副词或状语提问，意为“每隔多久”，其答语常用once a week, three times a month 等。

How often does he come here? 他(每隔)多久来一次?
Once a month. 每月一次。

【即学即练】7．—How often does Bob play tennis?
—_________.
A．Once a month B．For a month C．A month ago
8、how soon引导的特殊疑问句
【句型剖析】how soon 用来对表示将来的一段时间提问，意为“再过多久”，其答语常用“in+时间段”。

How soon will he be back? 他要多久才回来?
In an hour. 1 小时以后。

【即学即练】8．—How soon will the concert begin?
—________ tomorrow.
A．Not until B．Until C．Since D．For
9、how many引导的特殊疑问句
【句型剖析】how many用来对可数名词的数量(复数)提问，意为“多少”，其答语直接回答数词。

How many books do you have？你有多少本书？
Three.三本。

【即学即练】9．—How many books are there in your bag?
—________. There’s only some delicious food in it.
A．None B．Nothing C．No one
10、how much引导的特殊疑问句
【句型剖析】how much用来对不可数名词提问,或问多少钱。

其答语直接回答数量或多少钱。

How much meat would you like? 你想要多少肉？
A kilo.一千克。

How much are the shoes？鞋子多少钱？
Twenty dollars.二十美元。

【即学即练】10．— How much does a baby panda weigh ________ birth?
— About 0.1 to 0.2 kilos.
A．in B．on C．at D．by
知识点02 by的常见用法
1.【句型剖析】表示交通方式：乘坐交通工具by+交通工具
eg：by bus ；by bike
【即学即练】11．—Do you usually go to school by bus, Rick?
—No, ________. I like riding my bike, Scott.
A．sometimes B．never C．always D．often
2.【句型剖析】表示时间：截止到….; 到….为止by+ 时间
eg：by Sunday; by the end of next month
【即学即练】12．－Jim,remember to return the books by Sunday !
－________ .
A．Got it B．That’s right C．It’s nothing D．I will not forget it 3.【句型剖析】表示位置：在….旁边（通常是水的旁边）by +地点
eg：by the lake/river
【即学即练】13．— How about this table ________ the window?
— Sorry, this one has been taken by others. You can choose another table.
A．for B．by C．with D．on
4.【句型剖析】表示动作的发出者：由….，被….. by +动作发出者
eg: a book by Mark Twin ;
eg: The cake is made by my mother.
【即学即练】14．Look at the model plane. My brother and I made it all by ________.
A．myself B．himself C．ourselves D．yourself
5.【句型剖析】表示方式，途径：通过….方式by + doing
eg: He makes a living by teaching.
【即学即练】15．—You did very well in the last English test! How did you study for it?
—________ reading the textbook.
A．In B．By C．On D．With
其它的表示方式的介词：
6.【句型剖析】with + 工具
Eg: The boy hit the dog with a stick. I wrote the letter with a pen.
【即学即练】16．—________ the way, can you draw 3-D pictures ________ chalk?
—Yes. I spend time practising hard.
A．On; by B．By; in C．On; with D．By; with
7.【句型剖析】in + 语言/ 材料/ 颜色/ 衣着/ 声调
Eg：speak in English
Eg: I wrote the letter in ink.﹦with a pen.
Eg：The girl in red is Mary.
Eg：She always speaks in a soft voice.
【即学即练】17．—How do you _______ the word “刺身” _______ Japanese?
—It is sashimi.
A．say; in B．speak; with C．tell; in D．talk; with
8. 【句型剖析】through + n (through 表示通过….方式时，可与by互换，但through后面常接名词)
Eg: He got the job through a friend.
Eg: He succeeded through hard work.
【即学即练】18．—Sir, it’s true that being happy is an ability. So can you tell me ________?
—Yes. Just as Pres ident Xi says, “Happiness is achieved through hard work.”
A．how we can find happiness
B．who can help achieve happiness
C．why is happiness so important to us
知识点03 动词-ing的用法
1. v-ing在句中作主语
【句型剖析】(1) v-ing作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。

Doing morning exercises is good for our health.
【即学即练】19．________ stamps ________ an interesting hobby.
A．Collect; is B．Collect; are C．Collecting; are D．Collecting; is
【句型剖析】(2)可以用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语后置。

Getting up early is good for your health.
→It's good for your health to get up early.
【即学即练】20．I think ________ is necessary for us ________ the birds.
A．it; protect B．its; to protect C．it’s; protecting D．it; to protect
2. v-ing在句中作宾语
v-ing在句中作宾语时，一般放在某一及物动词或介词之后充当这一动词或介词的宾语。

【句型剖析】(1) 后接v-ing作宾语的及物动词有：finish, enjoy, keep, stand(忍受), suggest, advise, practice, allow, mind, imagine 等。

The tourists enjoy staying in Kunming all the year round.
Do you mind opening the window?
【即学即练】21．Have you finished _________ the book yet?
A．read B．reading C．to read D．reads
【句型剖析】(2) v-ing作介词的宾语，包括以介词结尾的动词短语，如:give up, take part in，be good at等。

I know you are good at drawing pictures.
Many young people took part in planting trees on Tree Planting Day.
【即学即练】22．Students have had a good habit of ________ hands since COVID-19 broke out in 2019. A．raising B．washing C．shaking
能力拓展
考法01 by相关词组
by the way 顺便；by accident/chance偶然，意外；
by mistake 错误地… one by one一个接一个；
step by step一步一步地；little by little 一点一点地
word by word 一个词一个词；sentence by sentence 一句一句；
by oneself = on one's own = alone 独自；by the time到…为止；
by the end of 到…末为止go by 时间流逝
by and by 不久以后；by my watch 通过我的表；
by hand 手工pass by 路过
【典例】—________ the way, do you think this job has become easier than it used to be?
—To be honest, it has turned out to be more difficult ________ some ways.
A．In; on B．By; on C．By; in D．In; by
【典例】By the end of last year, most of us ________ the free vaccine（疫苗).
A．will get B．would get C．has got D．had got 【典例】—Did you see a girl in red pass by just now?
—No, sir. I ________.
A．read B．am reading C．would read D．was reading 分层提分
题组A 基础过关练
1．—How _________ is it from your home to the cinema?
—About 15 minutes by underground.
A．soon B．many C．long D．far
2．—________ apples do you want to buy?
—Five, please. And ________ are they?
A．How much; how much B．How many; how many
C．How much; how many D．How many; how much
3．—How many ________ in the tree?
—There are two.
A．bird are there B．birds is there C．birds are there D．birds are their
4．—How long does it take Mike _________ his uncle’s home?
—Half an hour.
A．to get to B．gets to C．getting to
5．—__________ is a film ticket for children?
—How tall is your child? It’s free for children under 1.2 meters.
A．How long B．How much C．How often D．How soon
6．—How ________ floors ________ there in your house?
—There is only one.
A．many; is B．much; is C．many; are D．much; are
7．—How ________ does it take to go to school?
—About 10 minutes.
A．much B．long C．many D．far
8．We can save water ________ water games.
A．by playing B．not by playing
C．by not playing D．by not to play
9．There is no bus. He has to _______ there ________ his bicycle.
A．go to; on B．go to; by C．go; on D．go; by
10．It takes about ten days ________ from the Earth to the Moon ________ rocket.
A．to travel; by B．travelling; on C．to travel; on D．travelling; by
11．Fujian Province is ________ the southeast of China and ________ the west of Taiwan, separated (分隔) by the Taiwan Strait (海峡).
A．on; to B．in; on C．in; to
12．—Would you mind ________ online classes ?
—Of course not. We can be the best as long as we study hard.
A．having B．to have C．have
13．Many citizens look forward to________ as volunteers during the period of the epidemic(传染
病).
A．serve B．serves C．serving D．served
14．Daniel’s mother is too busy ________ the housework ________ him with his English. A．doing; help B．doing; to help C．to do; helping D．to do; to help 15．Katie Peterson, a 16-year-old girl enjoys ________ her own short videos on TikTok.
A．make B．to make C．making D．made
题组B 能力提升练
根据对话内容，从下面选项中选出恰当的句子补全对话。

A: Could you please tell me how you can speak English so well?
B: I think listening more is very important. ____16____
A: Some people say watching English movies is good for English learners.
B: ____17____ I have watched about 30 English movies since 2018, and that really helps a lot.
A: ____18____
B: Um, I think vocabulary is the most important. You can express yourself freely when you have a larger vocabulary.
A: ____19____
B: Reading. I have read many English books. That really helps with my English vocabulary.
A: ____20____
B: Never be afraid of making mistakes. Enjoy losing face, then you can learn English well. A．Certainly.
B．What’s the most important part of speaking English?
C．I like listening to some English news, songs while I am on the way home.
D．What else do you think can help improve spoken English?
E．But how can I enlarge my vocabulary?
按要求完成下列各题
21．My brother goes to school by bike. (对画线部分提问)
________ ________your brother _________to school?
22．His father drives his car to work every day.(改为同义句)
His father goes to work ________ ________every day.
23．It's about 5 kilometers from Gina's home to mine.(对画线部分提问)
________ ________is it from Gina's home to yours?
24．They need about 15 minutes to get home.(改为同义句)
________ ________ them about 15 minutes ________ ________home.
25．It takes about 25 minutes to get to my cousin's home.(对画线部分提问)
________ ________ does it take to get to your cousin's home?
26．我能通过查词典找到生词的意思。

(look)
I can find the meaning of the new words by ________ in a dictionary.
27．通过与同学交流你会找到更好的学习方法。

(communicate)
You can find better leaning methods by _________________your classmates.
28．The telephone was invented by Alexander Graham Bel. (对划线部分提问)
_________ was the telephone invented _________ ?
29．I think the fastest way to travel is by plane. (对画线部分提问)
________ do you think ________ the fastest way to travel?
30．Amy usually rides her bike to school. ( 用by改为同义句)
________________.
题组C 培优拔尖练
阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容，从每个方框内所给11个词汇中选择10个意义相符的词汇，必要时进行词形变化，填入空白处，每空一词。

In a US classroom, there are some ____31____ of Chinese stories and characters on the wall. Twelve children are singing popular songs in Chinese, such _____32_____ Daddy, Where Are We Going and Stars in the Sky.Started in 2008,the school tries to help children to have a better future in life ____33____ teaching them in a Chinese educational environment. The school’s teaching model has caused the children’s interest in learning Chinese and learning about China.
From Monday to Friday every week, Anna spends two hours a day learning Chinese at the school, playing games and reading SanZiJing, one of the ancient Chinese classic _____34_____.
Seven-year-old Anna has studied Chinese for two years in the Confucius Classroom in Washington YuyingPublic Charter School. During class, Anna and the other children are ____35____ in introducing
____36____ and teaching visitors how to say “hello”, “thank you” and “goodbye” in Chinese.
“I haven’t been to China yet, but I will go there in a few years,” the girl says in Chinese.
“When she grows up, she will be able to communicate in Chinese. I hope she learns Chinese as _____37_____ as possible,” says Anna’s mother. “I have to spend more on this ____38____ I think it’s ____39____ because what she will get is a lifelong skill.”
In March, the children shared their trips to Chinese cities such as Beijing, Xi’an and Shanghai with a famous expert from America. The expert told the children that it was very important for American students to learn foreign languages and cultures at a school like Y uying, if they _____40_____ wished to learn more about other countries.。