Unit1Knowingmeknowingyou过去分词作状语详解与练习(原卷版)

必修3 unit 1 过去分词作状语
观察以下句子：
①Worried about his son’s safety, he waited for his son outside the whole night.
②Given better attention, the trees could grow better.
③I read the novel under the tree, absorbed.
④Beaten by his opponent, he never gave up hope.
⑤Heated, water changes into steam.
⑥She walked out of the room, followed by her daughter.
总结规律：
(1)作状语用的过去分词(短语)和句子的主语之间有逻辑上的动宾关系，或称为________关系,过去分词
的逻辑主语都是句子的_______________。

(2)句①中黑体部分作_______状语；句②中黑体部分作________状语；句③中黑体部分作________状语。

(3)句④中黑体部分作_______状语；句⑤中黑体部分作_________状语；句⑥中黑体部分作________状语。

一、过去分词作状语
过去分词作状语，可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式和伴随，相当于一个状语从句。

其逻辑主语为主句的主语，且过去分词与主句主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系。

1．过去分词作时间状语时
Asked for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.
(将过去分词作状语改写成状语从句)
=_________________________________, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.
当被问到对教学工作的看法时，菲利普说他觉得它既有趣又有益。

Told about the secret, he felt very shocked. (将过去分词作状语改写成状语从句)
=______________________, he felt very shocked.
当被告知这个秘密时，他觉得很震惊。

2．过去分词作原因状语时
Absorbed in painting, John didn't notice a stranger approaching. (将过去分词作状语改写成状语从句)
＝________________________, he didn't notice a stranger approaching.
因为专注于绘画，约翰没有注意到一个陌生人接近。

Caught in a heavy rain, he was all wet. (将过去分词作状语改写成状语从句)
=_________________________，he was all wet.
因为被困在大雨中，他全身湿了。

3．过去分词作条件状语时
Used with care, one tin will last for six weeks. (将过去分词作状语改写成状语从句)
＝_______________________, one tin will last for six weeks.
如果小心使用的话，一罐可以用六周。

Given more time, I will finish the task on time. (将过去分词作状语改写成状语从句)
=_______________________, I will finish the task on time.
如果有更多的时间，我会按时完成这项任务。

4．过去分词作让步状语时
Defeated by his opponent, he never gave up hope.(将过去分词作状语改写成状语从句)
＝______________________________, he never gave up hope.
尽管被对手击败，但是他从未放弃希望。

Invited by him, I failed to take part in the party because of something unexpected.
(将过去分词作状语改写成状语从句)
=________________________, I failed to take part in the party because of something unexpected.
虽然我被邀请，但因为意料之外的事情，我没能参加晚会。

5．过去分词作作方式、伴随状语。

相当于and连接的并列句。

She accepted the gift, deeply moved. (将过去分词作状语改写成并列句)
＝She accepted the gift, _________________________.
她接受了礼物，深受感动。

She sat by the window,lost in thought. (将过去分词作状语改写成并列句)
=She sat by the window, ___________________________.
二、过去分词作状语的注意事项
1. 转化为形容词的过去分词
有些过去分词(短语)来源于系表结构，作状语时不强调被动而重在描述主语的状态。

这样的过去分词(短语)常见的有：lost (迷路的)；seated (坐着的)；hidden (隐藏的)；absorbed in (专心于)；dressed in (穿着)；tired of (厌烦)。

____________(tire) of waiting, he left the party early.
____________(please) with her performance, the audience applauded loudly.
____________(lose) in thought, he didn't hear his phone ring.
____________(worry) about his health, she insisted he see a doctor.
____________(fascinate) by the history of the city, they visited many museums.
____________(surprise) by the news, she dropped her phone.
____________(confuse) by the instructions, they had to ask for help.
____________(exhaust) from the long trip, they fell asleep immediately.
2.过去分词可用于状语从句的省略
注意：为强调过去分词表达的意义，可在其前加上各种连词。

如when, while, although, though, if, because 等，也叫做状语从句的省略。

状语从句的省略，即主句的主语与从句的主语一致，且从句中出现be动词时,此时，状语从句可以省略主语和be动词,保留连词。

When the stadium is seen from the top, it looks like a bird nest. (进行状语从句的省略)
=_________________________, it looks like a bird nest.
体育馆从上方看时像一个鸟巢。

If these seeds are grown in the rich soil, they will grow better. (进行状语从句的省略)
=____________________________, they will grow better.
如果这些种子种在肥沃的土壤里，它们会长得更好。

3．过去分词的独立主格结构
过去分词的独立主格，表示过去分词也可以有自己独立的主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构，在句中作状语。

The job finished, they went back home.
工作完成后，他们回家了。

(过去分词的独立主格结构为The job finished, 即过去分词有它自己的主语the job，因为分词的逻辑主语为the job，与动作finish构成被动关系，独立主格结构下应该用过去分词形式finished。

)
Her glasses broken, she couldn’t see the words on the blackboard.
眼镜烂了，她看不见黑板上的字。

(过去分词的独立主格结构为her glasses broken, 即过去分词有它自己的主语her glasses, 因为分词的逻辑主语为her glasses,与broken构成系表状态的过去分词, 即broken为形容词转化的过去分词，独立主格下应该用broken。

)
4.过去分词与现在分词作状语的区别
过去分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的__________关系，即表示_____________；现在分词与句子的
主语之间存在逻辑上的___________关系，即表示______________。

①_____________ (use) for a long time, the book looks old. 由于用了很长时间，这本书看上去很旧。

②_____________ (use) the book,I find it very useful. 在使用这本书时，我发现它很有用。

注意：无论是现在分词还是过去分词，其逻辑主语必须和句子的主语一致。

如果不一致，则必须用状语从句、独立主格结构等其他表达形式。

When caught cheating in the exam, the teacher criticized the student. ×
When caught cheating in the exam, the student was criticized by the teacher. √ (状语从句的省略)
When the student was caught cheating in the exam, the teacher criticized him. √ (含有状语从句的复合句) The student caught cheating in the exam, the teacher criticized him. √ (独立主格结构)
巩固练习：
(1)写出黑体部分所作成分
①The boy slipped out of the room, followed by his father. ______________
②Refused by the pany, he was disheartened. ________________
③ Seriously injured, he was rushed to the hospital. ______________
④Disappointed about the result, he still worked on the research. _______________
⑤Enough time given, we will do the job better. ________________
⑥Given a wonderful lecture, we students clapped our hands. _________________
⑦The old man entered the room, supported by his son. _______________
⑧He finished the project, relieved. ________________
(2)单句语法填空
①___________ (raise) in the mountainous area, he learned to support his own life.
②Children, when ___________ (acpany) by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium.
③___________ (found) in the early 20th century, the school keeps on inspiring children's love of art.
④___________ (translate) into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.
⑤___________ (wound), the soldiers bravely fought against the enemy.
⑥The girl opened the book, ___________(lose) in thought.
⑦____________(drive) by his interest, he realized his dream of being an actor.
⑧_____________(confuse) by the instructions, he asked for his mother’s help.
⑨ ____________(pare) with the old model, the new one has more functions.
⑩_____________(tell) of the danger, he still risked his life to save the people’s lives.
(3)句型转换,将状语从句转换成非谓语
①When it is seen from the top of the hill, the town looks more beautiful.
→________________________________，the town looks more beautiful.
②Because they were deeply moved by the film, the children began to cry.
→_______________________________，the children began to cry.
③If we were given more time, we could do it much better.
→_______________________________，we could do it much better.
④The president of the pany came to the factory, and he was followed by some workers.
→The president of the pany came to the factory, ____________________________．
⑤ When he was asked about the ways to learn English, he smiled and gave some advice.
→_________________________________, he smiled and gave some advice.
(4)单项选择
1．____________ in the rush of everyday life, the Smiths forgot to appreciate the little things that made them happy.
A．Lose B．To lose C．Losing D．Lost
2．_____________ on figures from six different European cities，the report is reliable.
A．Based B．Basing C．To base D．Base
3．________ in use in April 2002, the hotline was meant for residents reporting water and heating supply breakdowns.
A．Put B．Having been put C．Having put D．Being put
4．The social media platform Twitter found that the laughing face with tears of joy was the most used,
________ by the crying face and heart eyes emoji.
A．following B．followed C．being followed D．to follow
5．I’ll spend the evening ______ in your room waiting for the thief to arrive.
A．locking B．in locking C．being locked D．locked
6．When ________ about the possibility that Justin was taken by aliens, Detective Sam Peterson said that there was no hard evidence about this.
A．asking B．was asked C．being asked D．asked
7．________ with fierce pressure in their careers, many working women said it was difficult for them to achieve
a balance between work and family.
A．Facing B．To be faced C．Faced D．Having faced
8．_____ to the nearest hospital, the injured boy was treated without delay and has been out of danger.
A．Rush B．Rushing C．To rush D．Rushed
9．In China, New Year's Day isn't a big moment______ with the Spring Festival.
A．paring B．pared C．to pare D．being pared
10．Unless ________ to speak, most high school students here prefer remaining silent in class.
A．invited B．inviting C．being invited D．having invited
11．____________ in her best skirt, the girl tried to make herself ____ at the party.
A．Dressed; noticed B．Dressing; noticing C．Dressing; noticed D．Dressed;
noticing
A．bined with B．corresponding to
C．having bined with D．to be corresponding to
13．________ by the beauty of his music, these men recognized its excellence and ________ to it.
A．Inspired; responded B．Inspired; reacting
C．Inspiring; responding D．Inspiring; reacted
14．Though it was midnight, she found her daughter sitting at the desk, pletely ________ her homework.
A．absorbing in B．absorbed in C．absorbing into D．absorbed into
15．Alice didn’t notice I was ing, her mind ________the work she was doing.
A．was totally fixed on B．was totally fixing on
C．totally fixed on D．totally fixing on。