英语音节发音规则

一、音节
一个元音可以构成一个音节;如I; ear；
一个元音和一个或几个辅音音素结合也可以构成一个音节;如my; bed；/ m /; / n /; / l /; / /四个辅音和辅音音素结合也可以构成音节;这种响音叫做成节音;构成的音节往往出现在词的末尾;总是非重读的;如apple..
二、元音字母在重读音节中的读法在重读音节中;元音字母a; e; i; o; u的读法有以下五种情况：
1、开音节；
2、闭音节；
3、-r音节；
4、-re音节；
5、元音字母组合..
2、开音节
绝对开音节：在元音字母后面没有辅音字母..如;no; me…
相对开音节：在元音字母后面有辅音字母辅音字母r除外;还有一个无声的字母 e..如face; make…
在重读开音节中元音字母都读它们字母表中的读音字母本身音..
2、闭音节
元音字母后面有辅音字母r除外时;这个元音字母构成的音节叫做闭音节..在重读闭音节中;元音字母a读作/ /; e读作/е//ε/;i读作/i/; o读作/o/; u读作/Λ/或/u/..
3、-r音节元音字母与辅音字母-r结合;构成ar; or; ir; er; ur音节..在重读音节中;ar/α:/; or读作/o:/;ir;er;ur读作/ :/..
4、-re音节元音字母与-re结合;构成are; ere; ire; ore; ure音节..在重读音节中are读作/ε/; 如care; dare; 但are /α:/；ere读作/i /; 如here; 有时也可读作/ε/; 如there; where; 但were / :/；ire读作/ai /; 如fire; tire；ore读作/o:/; 如more; store; wore; sore；ure读作/ju /; 如pure;有时也可读作/u /;如sure..
5、元音字母组合
1)a+其他字母a. al /o:/ ball; wall; talk; walk；/o:l/ also; salt; false*al的后面是f或m时;读作/α:/;half; calm; palm..b. ai; ay /ei/ wait; day; play.c. air /ε / air; hair; chair; pair.
2)e+其他字母a. ea /i:/ meat; clean; peace; please; /e/ head; bread; dead. *great; break除外..b. ee /i:/ three; green; meet; need.c. ei; ie /i:/ piece; field; niece; ceiling; receive; *有时ei和ey一样; 读作/ei/;eight; grey; neighbour;*friend; height; review除外..e. eu; ew /ju:/ new; few; neutral; *ew在辅音字母l; r; j后面时读作/u:/; blew; Jew.f. ear /i / hear; dear; tear; /ε / wear; bear; pear;*ear后面有辅音时读作/ :/; learn; early; pearl;*heart; year除外..g. eer /i / deer; cheer; beer; engineer.
3)i+其他字母a. ig; ight /ai/ light; bright; sign; b. ia; ie; io /ai / dialogue; quiet; science; society; violin.
4)o+其他字母a. oa / u/ coat; boat; soap; b. oi; oy /oi/ oil; voice; point; boy; joyc. oul /u/ could; would; should;d. oo /u:/; tooth; school; moon; /u/ foot; food; good; stood; book; look; cook *flood; blood除外e. oor; oar /o:/ door; floor; board *poor除外..f. ou /au/ loud; house; mouth /Λ/ touch; county; trouble *group; youth除外g. ought /o/ bought; thought; fought *though; through除外h. our /o:/ four; course; pour; /au / our; flour; souri. ow /au/ now; how; town; down / u/ slow; grow; show; snowj. owe; ower /au / towel; vowel; power; flower
5)u+其他字母a. ui /u:/ suit; fruit; juice *build/bild/除外/ui/ fluid; ruin在l; r后
三、元音字母在非重读音节中的读法
1、元音字母a; e; iy; o; u在非重读音节中的读法：分别读作/ /; /i/; /u/.
1)Aa a. / / again; China; woman; breakfast; b. /i/ 非重读音节中的a后面有辅音字母;又有一个不发音的e时;读作/i/;在动词中读作/ei/. village; palace; comrade; celebrate.
2)Ee a. / / open; silent; sentence; excellentb. /i/ e在前缀后缀中常读作/i/：repeat; decide; behind; careless; actress; tallest; wanted.
3)Ii a. /i/ city; office; morning;b. / / holiday; possiblec. -ise /ai/ exercise; realize.
4)Oo a. / / second; produce; consider; police.b. 在词尾的非重读音节中常读作/ u/. piano; radio; potato; photo; tomato.
5)Uu a. / / autumn; suggest; support; difficult.b. –ute; -ude /ju:/ institute; attitude.
2、-r音节在非重读音节中的读法：/ / sugar; grammar; particular; doctor; forget; teacher; paper; Saturday.
3、常见的字母组合在非重读音节中的读法：
1）ai; ay; ey /i/ mountain; Sunday; Monday; holiday; valley; money.
2）ia; ou; our / / special; Russia; nervous; colour; neighbour.
3）-tion; -sion; -shion /∫n/ production; fashion; impression; nationality; *-sion的前面是元音字母时读/ g n/ vision; decision; television
4）-ture /t∫/ picture; culture; -sure /g / pleasure; treasure; measure;-ure / / figure.
四、辅音字母的读法辅音字母组合读法：
1）ch; tch /t∫/ child; catch; watch *school
2)ck /k/ neck; black3 cc在元音字母e; i前时;读/ks/;其他情况读/k/: success; accident; according; occupy; acclaim.
4)sc在e; i前读/s/;其他读/sk/: science; scarf; escape
5)dge /dg/ bridge; judge6 gu; gue /g/尤其在词首或词尾时guide; guess; dialogue; 在词中时读/gw/; language.
7)gh; ph /f/ cough; enough; laugh; phrase; photo; phone
8)qu /kw/ quick; quite; quiet9 sh /∫/ she; shirt; fish; wash10 ss /s/ miss; class; glass; lesson
11)th a. /θ/ think; thank; three; both; maths b. 在冠词、代词、介词、连词中读/δ/：this; they; with; the; thanc. –the; -ther /δ/ bathe; father; mother; togather.
12)wh a. /w/ what; why; white; b. 后面是元音字母O时;读/h/; who; whose; whole
13)wr /r/ write; wrong
14)mn /m/ autumn;
15)kn /n/ knife; knee; know
16)stle /sl/; sten /sn/ castle; whistle; listen; fasten
17 ng / / long; sing; spring。