2023年山东省泰安市中考一模英语考试完整版

完型填空
When I was in the sixth grade, one day my teacher asked our class to think about the question “What does ‘doing the right thing’ mean to you?” over the weekend. We could talk to our parents or anyone else we thought might have a good answer. ________ Monday, we were to hand in an essay（文章）on it, and be prepared to live up to（实践）our ________.
The whole weekend, I was trying to _________ something that would impress my teacher and be easy to live by. I talked to my parents, called my grandmother and asked my neighbor. Everyone had good answers, but I didn’t feel like I could live up to them.
On Sunday afternoon, my parents said they were going to my Aunt Cindy’s house. That usually________that I would have to entertain my foure up with
【4】A.left B.meant C.decided
【5】A.since B.because C.while
【6】A.task B.chance C.choice
【7】A.quickly B.normally C.possibly
【8】A.dirty B.tired C.unhappy
【9】A.pride B.fear C.surprise
【10】A.read B.found C.included
【答案】
【1】A
【2】A
【3】C
【4】B
【5】C
【6】B
【7】C
【8】A
【9】C
【10】C
【解析】
这篇短文作者主要记述了自己在六年级的时候，为了老师的一个问题到处找答案的故事。

经过作者的一再努力，最后在自己的小表妹那里得到了自己想要的答案，并因此明白了一个重要的人生道理。

【1】句意：到星期一为止，我们要交一份关于这个问题的文章。

by到…为止；over在…之上；about关于。

结合语境，可知此处指的是到星期一为止。

故选A。

【2】句意：准备好实践我们自己的答案。

answers答案；plans计划；advice建议。

根据文中句子“We could talk to our parents or anyone else we thought might have a good answer.”的描述，可知此处指的是准备好实践自己的答案。

故选A。

【3】句意：整个周末，我都在想办法给老师留下深刻印象。

look through浏览；keep on继续做某事；come up with想出、提出。

结合语境，可知此处指的是我尽力想出（come up with）能给老师留下印象的东西。

故选C。

【4】句意：这通常意味着，当我的父母拜访时，我必须照顾我四岁的表妹安德里亚。

left离开；meant意味着，意思是；decided决定。

结合语境以及下文的“I found a Disney movie for Andrea”，可知这里说的是，意味着（meant）要照顾我四岁的表妹——安德里亚。

故选B。

【5】句意：这通常意味着，当我的父母拜访时，我必须招待我四岁的表妹安德里亚。

since自从…以来；because因为；while当…同时。

结合语境和所给选项，可知我照顾我的表妹和父母的拜访动作是同时进行。

故选C。

【6】句意：第二天早上就到期了，这是我最后的机会。

task任务；chance机会；choice选择。

第一段中提到星期一要上交文章，去作者表妹家是星期天，可知这里说的是，这是最后的机会（chance）。

故选B。

【7】句意：这个聪明的四岁小孩可能知道答案吗？
quickly迅速地；normally正常地；possibly可能。

根据文中谈到，作
者写的时候，表妹盯着自己，并且问在做什么。

结合所给选项，可推测句子说的是这个聪明的四岁小孩可能知道答案吗？故选C。

【8】句意：当你脏的时候洗个澡。

dirty脏的；tired疲劳的；unhappy不高兴。

根据语境，可知说的是脏的时候洗个澡。

故选A。

【9】句意：我惊讶地盯着我的小表妹。

pride骄傲；fear恐惧；surprise惊奇。

根据后句“Then I jumped up and gave her the biggest hug.”，可知此处是我惊讶地盯着我的小表妹。

故选C。

【10】句意：所以当我写文章的时候，我包括了关于安德里亚的故事以及她是如何回答我的问题的。

read读；found发现、找到；included包含、包括。

根据最后一段老师给作者的小提示，可知作者把自己小表妹的故事也写进去了。

include“包含、包括”。

故选C。

联系上下文做题，是做完形填空题的常用方法之一。

例如本题中第二小题答案的获取，就是由前句“We could talk to our parents or anyone else we thought might have a good answer.”提供线索，我们才得知答案为answers。

阅读理解
David walked down the street. All he wanted to do was to play basketball with Jim. But his mother told him to return his sister's books to the library on his way to Jim's house.
In his eyes, books and summertime just don't go together. He thought he had read a lot during the school year. And he had never set foot inside a public library. Today he'd just drop the books off in the outside return box, but it was locked. He had to go inside to return them.
David walked inside the building a few minutes before closing time. He put the books into the return box. After a quick drink of water and a short stop in the toilet, he'd be on his way to meet Jim. He walked out of the toilet. The library lights were turned off. He was lockedputer programs C.sports activities D.science studies
【2】We can email at ________ to get more information about computer class.
***************************************
************************************
【3】Students should go to __________ class to learn to do experiment.
A.Barbara Pope’s
B.Sherry Cash’s
C.Kathy Grady’s
D.Denise Harris’
【答案】
【1】A
【2】C
【3】D
【解析】
试题本题是四位老师对自己负责的功能教室的介绍。

【1】根据In order to learn, be creative and improve our painting skills, we will have a relaxing classroom.描述，可知选A。

【2】根据By doing this we will be able to use computer technology successfullyinourlives.EmailAddress:*************描述，可知选C。

【3】根据We will do experiments, observe, touch, listen, and ask questions about our world. We will learn to care for our world. We will never give up trying! Name: Denise Harris描述，可知选D。

阅读理解
Parents of very young children know this: You catch your child in the act of stealing the cookie--the evidence of candy written on his or her face. However, you get a wide-eyed denial: "I didn't do it!"
Learning to tell the truth, even at the risk of punishment, is an important part of moral （道德）development, and new research suggests it can take seven or more years for kids to get there.
Early 2017 Professor Craig E. Smith published a study. He and his workmates chose 48 children between four and nine years of age. They
told the kids a story about a boy or girl doing something wrong, such as taking a classmate's toy or candy, and then either lying about the wrongdoing to a parent or confessing （承认）it. In each case, they asked the children, How would the child feel? How would the mother feel?
The children's answers were generally divided according to age, which is in agreement with the stolen candy, lying and getting unpunished. They imagined the parent in the study would be angry with the child who confessed. However, the seven-to-nine-year-olds were more likely （可能的）to think the child would feel better confessing the crime and that the parent would have positive （积极的）feelings towards a confessor. Smith says, "Kids of all ages who expect that a parent would feel happy about a child's confession are more likely to tell the truth rather than lie. Reward the honesty even if you feel you must punish the wrong action. "He adds, what parents can learn from these studies is to listen calmly without getting angry right away when their child confesses.
【1】What does the underlined word "denial" in Paragraph 1mean?
A.委屈
B.责备
C.否认
D.拒绝
【2】Paragraph 2 mainly tell us ________.
A.kids can't tell "right" from "wrong"
B.all the kids are willing to confess to a bad act
C.it's wrong to punish kids for telling the truth
D.it takes time for kids to
learn to tell the truth
【3】What did Smith and his workmates find in their study?
A.Older kids are more likely than younger children to confess to a bad act.
B.Younger children are more likely than older kids to confess to a bad act.
C.The four-to-five-year-olds would feel better confessing the crime
D.The seven-to-nine-year-olds thought parents would be angry with their confessions.
【4】According to Professor Smith, what can parents learn from these studies?
A.Parents should at once punish the children who lied.
B.Parents should tell children the wrongness of lying.
C.Parents should never get angry after their children's confessions.
D.Parents should show positive feeling about their children's confessions.【答案】
【1】C
【2】D
【3】A
【4】D
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。

文中介绍了当很小的孩子犯了错误时，家长应该以什么样的态度对待孩子。

【1】词句猜测题。

根据“the evidence of candy written on his or her
face”，可知偷吃糖果的证据写在脸上，然而孩子却说“I didn't do it!”，显然，孩子是在否认。

故选C。

【2】细节理解题。

根据第二段中的句子“and new research suggests it can take seven or more years for kids to get there.”，可知，研究表明孩子要学会说实话需要7年以上。

说明了孩子说实话是需要时间的。

故选D。

【3】细节理解题。

根据倒数第二段中的句子“However, the seven-to-nine-year-olds were more likely （可能的）to think the child would feel better confessing the crime and that the parent would have positive （积极的）feelings towards a confessor.”，可知七到九岁的孩子更有可能认为承认错误会感觉更好，而且父母会用积极的态度对待忏悔者。

所以A符合题意。

故选A。

【4】细节理解题。

根据最后一段中的句子“He adds, what parents can learn from these studies is to listen calmly without getting angry right away when their child confesses”，可知父母可以从这些研究中学到冷静倾听，当孩子坦白时不要马上生气。

故选D。

阅读理解
If you bought some candies months ago but never ate it, how can you tell whether it's still eatable? The easiest way is to check the"expiration
（截止）date （EXP）"printed on the cover. If that date has already passed, you're likely to throw the candies away. But is that really necessary?
According to a new report from the NRDC, tons of food is wasted each year, largely because people don't fully understand what expiration dates, or" use﹣by dates", actually mean, so they think the food is not safe to eat.
Food dating was introduced in 1975 because customers wanted more information about the things that they were eating. When they first showed up, use﹣by dates only showed freshness because producers wanted their products to be tasted in their best conditions.
However, most customers mistakenly believed that use﹣by dates showed how safe the food was. But the truth is that these dates aren't related to the danger of food poisoning（中毒）. Eggs, for example, can still be eaten three to five weeks after being bought, even though the use﹣by date is much earlier. When their use﹣by dates pass, cookies may lose their crunch （松脆的口感）, but they are not harmful.
"It's an unclear subject, the difference between food quality（质量）and food safety, "said Jena Roberts from a US food testing company. "Even the workmates in the food factory are not sure about it. This is why the use﹣by dates must be printed on the covers of products. "We hope it can help customers understand the information so that they won't waste
a lot of food. "
Another problem is that the quality levels of different foods change differently. Some are still eatable long after their use﹣by date while others are not.
As a result, food factory officials are now thinking of changing the use﹣by date to a date which can show when food is most likely to be thrown away.
【1】Which of the following pictures can show the meaning of"expiration date （EXP）"?
A. B.
C. D.
【2】What did the use﹣by dates show at first according to the passage?
A.Food freshness.
B.Food quality.
C.Food safety.
D.Food producer.
【3】What can we learn from Paragraph 4?
A.Most customers care more about freshness than food safety.
B.Most customers fully understand what expiration dates mean.
C."Expiration dates"were first used to show when food was likely to go
bad.
D.Even after their expiration dates pass, some foods are still safe to eat.【4】What is probably the best title for this passage?
A.Customers and Food
B.Food Quality and Freshness
C.Food Dating
D.Expiration Dates and Food Safety
【答案】
【1】B
【2】A
【3】D
【4】D
【解析】
本文讲述的是有关食品保质期的问题。

很多人以为食物到了保质期就不能食用，其实这样会造成很大的浪费。

很多食物的保质期到了只会影响口感等，是可以食用的。

【1】细节理解题。

根据所给的四幅图片，可知选项A标出的是生产日期；选项C和选项D都看不出截止日期；只有B. better if used by 11 Apr. 2015（最好在2015年4月11之前使用），清楚的表示了截止日期。

故选B。

【2】细节理解题。

根据“When they first showed up, use﹣by dates only showed freshness because producers wanted their products to be tasted in their best conditions.”，可知刚出现的时候，只是表示新鲜度。

故选A。

【3】细节理解题。

根据“However, most customers mistakenly believed that use﹣by dates showed how safe the food was. But the truth is that these dates aren't related to the danger of food poisoning（中毒）.”以及后面的举例，可知即使过了保质期，食物仍然可以安全食用。

选项D 符合题意，故选D。

【4】主旨归纳题。

本文主要讲述的是食品的保质期和食品安全的问题。

故选D。

选择句子补全短文
You know you have to read “between the lines” to get the most out of anything. I want to tell you something important during your reading. You shouldn’t mark a book which isn’t yours. 1 If you think it useful to mark books, you will have to buy them.
There are two ways in which one can own a book. The first is to get the right by paying for it, just as you pay for clothes and furniture. But full ownership comes only when you have made it a part of yourself. 2 There are three kinds of book owners. The first has all the best sellers — unread and untouched. The second has a great many books. 3 The third has a few dog-eared(翻折的) books, which are marked from front to back.
Why is marking a book necessary? First, it keeps you awake. In the second place, reading is thinking. 4 The marked book is usually the thought-through book. Finally, writing helps you remember the thoughts you had, or the thoughts the writer expressed.
If reading is to learn anything more than passing time, it must be active. The book you read for pleasure can be read in a state of relaxation, and nothing is lost. But for a great book, rich in ideas, reading must be active.
5 You should come up with an understanding of what you have read.
根据材料内容，将A-E五个句子填入文中空缺处，使短文内容完整、正确，并将其标号填写在下面题号后的横线上。

A. You can’t let your eyes move across the lines.
B. But most of them are as clean as the day they were bought.
C. And thinking can express itself in words, spoken or written.
D. People who lend you books expect you to keep them clean.
E. The best way to make yourself a part of it is by writing in it.
【1】【2】【3】【4】【5】
【答案】
【1】D
【2】E
【3】B
【4】C
【5】A
【解析】
【1】从前面的句子：You shouldn’t mark a book which isn’t yours.可知借给你书的人希望保持干净：答案是D
【2】从前面的句子：But full ownership comes only when youhave made it a part of yourself.可知答案是E
【3】从前面的句子：unread and untouched.可知第二种读书的人的书和新的一样，答案是B
【4】从前面的句子：reading is thinking.可知思考可以通过文字，说话和写作表达。

答案是C
【5】从前面的句子：reading must be active.可知答案是A
单词拼写
根据句意和首字母或汉语提示, 将单词的正确形式完整地写在答题纸相应的位置上。

【1】He took an active part in all kinds of activities, i ________tennis, swimming, running and so on.
【2】— What's your favorite s ________besides math, Sonia?
— History.
【3】Young children are taught road safety to a ________road accidents.【4】It isn't________ (必要的)for you to bring so many things. It's only a
two-day journey.
【5】There are some consumers(消费者) ________（抱怨）the quality of the products.
【答案】
【1】including
【2】subject
【3】avoid
【4】necessary
【5】complaining
【解析】
【1】句意：他积极参加各种活动，包括网球、游泳、跑步等等。

结合句意，前面说他积极参加各种活动，后面是具体活动的举例。

根据首字母是i，可知应该填“包括”including。

故答案为including。

【2】句意：—索尼娅，除了数学，你最喜欢的科目是什么？—历史。

根据空格后“besides math”以及答语“History.”，可知询问的是最喜欢的学科（subject）。

因为favorite表示最喜欢的。

所以用单数。

故答案为subject。

【3】句意：年幼的孩子学习道路安全以避免交通事故。

根据句意，可知学习道路安全的目的是避免交通事故。

故这里是动词不定式表目的。

空格上应该用动词原形。

故空格上应填以a开头的动词“avoid”，其对应的汉语意思是“避免”。

故答案为avoid。

【4】句意：你没必要带这么多东西。

这只是两天的旅程。

根据句意，可知这里要填一个形容词作表语。

“必要的”necessary。

没有形式的变化。

故答案为necessary。

【5】句意：有些消费者在抱怨产品的质量。

根据“there be+宾语+现在分词”结构，现在分词表示主动关系，同时表示动作正在进行。

故空格上应填动词的现在分词。

“抱怨”的动词为“complain”，其现在分词形式为complaining。

故答案为complaining。

短文填空
根据短文内容, 用方框中所给词语的适当形式填空, 使文章通顺、完整。

（每词限用一次）
continue, good, again, cause, deal, allow, wrong, sorry, because, shouldn’t
When you apologize, you're telling someone that you're 【1】for what you did or said, like you did something【2】at home, or you said something terrible to your friends.
Sometimes you say sorry 【3】you feel ashamed (羞愧的) of yourself and nervous about what you did. In these cases, you 【4】push yourself so hard. You can【5】yourself to make mistakes sometimes. If you still feel ashamed, you can 【6】with it by explaining to others. And also you can
find out what 【7】the problem and make sure not to make the same mistakes 【8】.
Sometimes you don't think you are wrong when you say sorry. You may just want to get on【9】with others. Sometimes someone may not accept your apology. But you should 【10】talking to him. If you give it up now, you may make the problem worse.
【答案】
【1】sorry
【2】wrong
【3】because
【4】shouldn’t
【5】allow
【6】deal
【7】caused
【8】again
【9】well
【10】continue
【解析】
当你向别人道歉时，你为自己所说的或所做的事感到抱歉。

你应该允许自己有时犯错误。

你需要发现导致问题的原因并下次不再犯同样的错误。

【1】句意：当你道歉的时候，你是在告诉某人你为你所做的事或所
说的话感到抱歉。

根据语境以及句子中的be动词以及for，可联想到“be sorry for”。

故答案为sorry。

【2】句意：像你在家里做了错事，或者对你的朋友说了可怕的话。

根据语境，可知这里说的是在什么情况下会道歉。

空格后的句子说的是对朋友说了可怕的话，可推测空格所在句说的是在家做了错事。

something wrong错误的事情。

故答案为wrong。

【3】句意：有时你会说对不起，因为你为自己感到羞耻，为自己的所作所为感到紧张。

根据空格的前后句有因果关系，因为后句的“you feel ashamed (羞愧的) of yourself and nervous about what you did.”，才会有前面的“you say sorry”。

故答案为because。

【4】句意：在这种情况下，你不应该把自己逼的太紧了。

根据前面说到了太紧张，可知这里应该说的是，不应该把自己逼的太紧。

故答案为shouldn’t。

【5】句意：有时你可以允许自己犯错。

根据前面说的不要把自己逼的太紧。

再根据句中的make mistake，可推测应该是有时允许（allow）自己犯错。

故答案为allow。

【6】句意：如果你仍然感到羞耻，你可以通过向别人解释来解决。

根据空格后的with以及所提供的单词，可想到“deal with”，带入句中，符合题意。

故答案为deal。

【7】句意：你也可以找出问题的原因。

此处仍然说的是缓解羞愧和紧张的措施，这里说的是找出造成（cause）问题的原因。

因为句子的时态是一般现在时，what在宾语从句中作主语，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。

故答案为causes。

【8】句意：确保不再犯同样的错误。

根据语境，可知确保不再犯同样的错误。

故答案为again。

【9】句意：你可能只想和别人和睦相处。

由句子中的get on with，很容易联想到get on well with sb.。

故答案为well。

【10】句意：但你应该继续和他谈。

根据后句“If you give it up now, you may make the problem worse.”，可推测前句说的是应该继续（continue）和他聊。

因为should是情态动词，后跟动词原形。

故答案为continue。

任务型阅读
阅读下面的短文, 并根据短文后的要求答题。

(请注意问题后的字数要求)
[1]Here is a story. A man sees a butterfly（蝴蝶）. The butterfly tries to get out of its chrysalis（蛹）. Feeling sorry for it, the man decides to help. He cuts the chrysalis and the butterfly comes out easily. Surprising enough, the butterfly is unable to fly.
[2]If the butterfly doesn't struggle（挣扎）_____________the chrysalis, it can't fly! The struggle develops the energy in the butterfly which makes it fly. Similarly, the challenges of life bring out the best in young people and make them fly.
[3]当人们年轻的时候, 遇见并克服挑战将会使他们强大。

They can be ready to face life. When we look at successful people, we see that the most successful of them are people who have had to struggle. One famous businessman, who now owns many big supermarkets, used to carry clothes on his back and sell them from door to door when he was young. Another successful man is Dennis. His father died when he was only twenty. His father's death forced him to mature fast. He had to bring up a family of nine people. He took up the challenges and overcame them. Today his brothers and sisters are leading successful lives.
[4]Sometimes challenges do not appear to us because we keep away from them. So some parents and teachers actively encourage young people to face challenges. They might organize some activities for young people which provide them with challenges, like rock-climbing, camping, volunteer work and so on. However, just passing exams will not prepare a person for life. We must meet and overcome challenges. The young people of today will become the leaders of tomorrow. For countries to continue to become successful, it is important that the young people
learn to meet challenges and overcome them.
【1】Why can’t the butterfly fly? (no more than 10 words)
___________________________________________________________ _________
【2】Fill in the blank in the second paragraph with proper words (no more than 4 words).
___________________________________________________________ __________
【3】Translate the Chinese sentence in the third paragraph into English. ___________________________________________________________ __________
【4】Translate the underlined sentences in the fourth paragraph into Chinese.
___________________________________________________________ __________
【5】What is the title of the passage?
___________________________________________________________ _________
【答案】
【1】Because the man helps it get out of its chrysalis.
【2】to get out of
【3】When people are young, meeting and overcoming challenges will
make them stronger.
【4】有时候, 挑战并不出现在我们面前因为我们逃避它们。

【5】Challenges of Life Bring Out the Best in Young People.
【解析】
这是一篇人生感悟类阅读，主要通过蝴蝶破茧而出的经历，告诉我们年轻人需要挑战才能走的更远。

【1】细节理解题。

根据“Feeling sorry for it, the man decides to help. He cuts the chrysalis and the butterfly comes out easily. Surprising enough, the butterfly is unable to fly.”，可知因为这个男人帮助蝴蝶脱离蛹，蝴蝶才不能飞。

根据答案要求，对应的英文为because the man helps it get out of its chrysalis.故答案为Because the man helps it get out of its chrysalis。

【2】根据语境，该句的意思是说，如果蝴蝶不挣扎着离开蛹，它就不能飞。

结合句意，根据struggle to do sth.“挣扎着做某事”以及get out of“从……出来”来完成句子翻译。

故句子可以整理为struggle to get out of the chrysalis.故答案为to get out of。

【3】本句是由when引导的时间状语从句，动名词在句中作主语，翻译时还会用到“make sb.+形容词”结构。

故答案为When people are young, meeting and overcoming challenges will make them stronger。

【4】翻译要点：句子的前半句中的do not表示强调。

后句中的keep away from“远离、避开”。

故答案为：有时候, 挑战并不出现在我们面前因为我们逃避它们。

【5】主旨大意题。

根据“Similarly, the challenges of life bring out the best in young people and make the fly.”，可知本文主要讲的是年轻人面对和克服挑战。

因此最好的标题是生活的挑战让年轻人展现了最好的一面。

对应的英文为Challenges of Life Bring Out the Best in Young People.故答案为Challenges of Life Bring Out the Best in Young People。

书面表达
“平安出行，文明乘车”已成为人们普遍关心的一个社会热门话题。

请你根据图表中所提示的内容要点用英语写一篇短文。

内容要点：
注意：1.短文的开头已给出，不记入总词数；
2．文中不得出现真实的姓名和校名；
3．内容可适当发挥，并表达你个人的看法；
4．词数90左右。

How can we keep safe when we go out? _____________________________________________
【答案】[例文]
How can we keep safe when we go out? First, we must obey the traffic rules, especially when we cross the road. Second, we are supposed to help children and the old to cross the road. Third, we should be careful when we get on a bus.
While we are on a bus, we should remember not to spit in public or throw litter around. Neither should we speak loudly to disturb others. We’re expected to offer our seats to people in need. What’s more, smoking is not allowed on the bus.
In short, as students we should not only keep safe when we go out, but also be ready to help others.
【解析】
题干解读：根据提示“平安出行，文明乘车”已成为人们普遍关心的一个社会热门话题，可知这里应该用一般现在时，主语用第一人称，要注意上下文之间的衔接。

高分亮点：短文用了一些短语和句式，如be supposed to do；remember not to do sth.；be expected to do sth.；be allowed to do sth.；be ready to do sth.；offer sth. to do sth.等。

文章用了一些连词while，when，not only … but also等，使句子结构更加复杂化，不再单一。