英语句式转换基本方法

陈述句
一、陈述句的概念
陈述句是用于陈述事实和观点的句子。

陈述句包括肯定结构和否定结构，句末用句号。

如：
This is a desk. (肯定结构)
He can sing and dance. (肯定结构)
He doesn’t have a computer. (否定结构)
There aren’t any pictures. (否定结构)
二、肯定句变否定句的基本方法
1、be动词的否定式
be 动词根据不同的人称和时态有不同的形式，在一般现在时中是可用作联系动词，构成否定式时，一律在其后面加否定词not.
He is reading. --- He is not reading. They are from China. ---
2、情态动词的否定式
情态动词的否定式是在其后面直接加not. 如：
I can swim. --- I can’t swim. He can dance. --- .
You should go to school at seven. ---
3、实义动词的否定句
实义动词变否定句时，要借助助动词do , does，在一般现在时中用do或者does其句子结构为：主语+ don’t / doesn’t + 动词原形+其它
例如：I like pop music. --- I don’t like pop music.
He likes running. ---
She does her homework at home. ---
典型例题：
1.My sister ______ moon cakes with eggs in them.
A. don’t like
B. doesn’t like
C. doesn’t likes
D. doesn’t liking
2. He often does his homework at home. 变为否定句
______________________________________________________________
3 . He doesn’t goes to the zoo every Sunday.(改错题) （）_________
A B C D
4. Does Li Lei likes sports? （改错题）( ) _________
开心练习：一、将下列句子变为否定句，每空一词。

1．This is a desk.
This ________ a desk.
1.Grandpa tells stories to us every evening.
Grandpa ________ ________ stories to us every evening.
2.He can draw pictures.
He _______ draw pictures.
3.He has a nice watch.
He _______ _______ a nice watch.
4.They do a lot of homework at school.
They ________ ________ a lot of homework at school.
5.You must play football here.
You ________ play football here.
6.They are having an English class.
They _________ _________ an English class.
7.Peter goes to the zoo once a year.
Peter _________ _________ to the zoo once a year.
二、下面各句四处划线部分有一处是错误的，请指出并改正。

1.He doesn’t the homework every day. ( )
A B C D
2. He doesn’t have some rice for supper. ( )
A B C D
3. This coat are red. That coat is blue. ( )
A B C D
4. He don’t go to school yesterday. ( )
A B C D
三、连词成句。

1. playing , like , I , football
_______________________________________________________ 2.aren’t , any , wall , the , pictures , there , on
_______________________________________________________ 3.waiting , bus , for , the , we , are
_______________________________________________________
4.much , the , how , shirt , is
_______________________________________________________
疑问句
疑问句是按照句子的语气分出来的一个类，它与陈述句、感叹句、
祈使句的最大区别就是它的疑问语气。

疑问句是问一些事情的。

疑问主
要有四大句型，一般疑问句、选择疑问句、特殊疑问句和反意疑问句。

一、一般疑问句：
1.定义：用be或助动词或情态动词置于句首，并以“Yes，…”，或“No，…”或相当于yes / no回答的问句称为一般疑问句.
2.结构
⑴含系动词be的一般疑问句的构成:
具体地说,am 只能跟在第一人称的单数I 后面,are 搭配you,
不管是单数还是复数,is 跟在第三人称单数he, she 后面
I'm in Class 2, Grade 1. →Are you in Class 2, Grade 1? (It's a map of
China. →Is it a map of China?
be 或置于句首来表达疑问，Am I wrong again?
⑵含情态动词的一般疑问句的构成情态动词与am / is / are一样，也可直接将它们提至主语前，所以问题迎刃而解了。

如：I can spell it. →Can you spell it?
Will you do that for her?
Can she drive?
⑶含实义动词的一般疑问句的构成
含实义动词的一般疑问句的构成稍微复杂，要在句首加do；如逢主语为第三人称单数，谓语动词为一般现在时单数第三人称形式 "v-(e)s"时，用does,并要将谓语动词变回原形(如has→have，likes→like等)；将陈述句中的some还要变作any等。

如：
She lives in Beijing. →Does she live in Beijing?
I like English. →
There are some books on my desk.→
3. 一般疑问句的应答
用yes / no回答，并怎么问怎么答，简略回答时要注意缩写和采用相应的人称代词以避免重复：即"Yes，主语(代词)+情态动词或am / is / are或do / does."表示肯定；"No，主语(代词)+情态动词或am / is / are或者do / does not(n't)."表示否定。

回答要完整,如：
⑴-Is Mary a Japanese girl? 玛丽是日本女孩吗？
-Can Lily speak Chinese?
-No, she can't. / Sorry, I don't know.
这个地方要注意一点，在一般疑问句的简略回答中使用Yes，it is. / Yes，I am. / Yes，he is. / Yes，we are. / Yes，she is. 等时，不能使用Yes，it’s. / Yes，I’m. / Yes，he’s.等这样的缩略形式。

但如果是否定形式则可用缩略式，如可用No，he’s not.也可用No，he isn’t.另外，若为完整回答，也可用Yes，he’s…之类的，如说Yes，he’s a student. / Yes，she’s busy.等。

①句中有"is、are或can"的句子，把"is、are或can"提到句首，
句号变问号。

例如：
原句一般疑问句
He is Tom. Is he Tom?
This is a bird. Is this a bird?
Lulu can swim.
They are playing basketball.
②以"I am…… "和"We are……" 开头的句子，把"I am……"和"We are……均变成 "Are you……？" 句号变问号，其他单词不变。

例如：原句一般疑问句
I am a teacher. Are you a teacher?
We are playing basketball.
③句中没有"am、is、are和can"的句子.如果主语是第一人称、第二人称或第三人称复数的句子，句首加"Do",“I 、We”变成“you”，句号变问号，其余单词不变。

例如：
原句一般疑问句
I like music？Do you like music?
We have some rulers. Do you have some rulers?
They like watching TV.
④句中没有"am、is、are" 的句子，如果主语是第三人称单数时，句首加"Does",动词变原型，句号变问号，其他单词不变。

如:
原句一般疑问句
He likes football. Does he like football?
Jim has a ruler
开心练习：
情况1: Be(是) am is are
先用be的适当形式填空然后按照要求变换句型
1、I ____ a teacher.
一般疑问句：_______________________________
肯定回答：____________________________
否定回答：____________________________
2、You _____ a worker.
一般疑问句：_______________________________ 肯定回答：____________________________
否定回答：____________________________
3、He ____ a doctor.
一般疑问句：_______________________________
肯定回答：____________________________
否定回答：____________________________
4、She ______ a student?
陈述句：_______________________________
肯定回答：____________________________
否定回答：____________________________
5、We ______ happy?
陈述句：_______________________________
肯定回答：____________________________
否定回答：____________________________
6、You _____ good workers.
一般疑问句：_______________________________
肯定回答：____________________________
否定回答：____________________________
7、They _____ workers.
一般疑问句：_______________________________
肯定回答：____________________________
否定回答：____________________________
8、______ (它是) an apple.
一般疑问句：_______________________________
肯定回答：____________________________
否定回答：____________________________
情况2：have(是) have(第一二人称单复数及第三人称复数) has（第三人称单数）
1、I _____ three books.
一般疑问句：_______________________________
肯定回答：____________________________
否定回答：____________________________
2、You _____ a car.
一般疑问句：_______________________________
肯定回答：____________________________
否定回答：____________________________
3、He ____ many trees.
一般疑问句：_____________________________
肯定回答：____________________________
否定回答：____________________________
4、She ____ five beautiful dresses.
一般疑问句：_______________________________
肯定回答：____________________________
否定回答：____________________________
5、_____________(我们有) a television?
陈述句：_______________________________
肯定回答：____________________________
否定回答：____________________________
6、They _____ a house in Shenzhen.
一般疑问句：_______________________________
肯定回答：____________________________
否定回答：____________________________
情况3：助动词Be：进行时态下be v.-ing及被动语态be done（过去分词）的一般疑问句
1、I am listening to the music.
一般疑问句：_______________________________
肯定回答：____________________________
否定回答：____________________________
2、She is not eating bread now.先把否定句变成肯定句，再把肯定句中的be 动词或者情态动词提前就可以了
一般疑问句：_______________________________
肯定回答：____________________________
否定回答：____________________________
3、He was seeing a movie at home at 8 o’clock last night.
一般疑问句：_______________________________
肯定回答：____________________________ 否定回答：____________________________
4、They were not having the class(上课) in the yesterday afternoon. 一般疑问句：_______________________________
肯定回答：____________________________
否定回答：____________________________
5、He was arrested(逮捕) last night.
一般疑问句：_______________________________
肯定回答：____________________________
否定回答：____________________________。