2021-2022学年高中英语外研版必修四习题：课下能力提升(十四) Word版含答案

Module 4 课下力量提升(十四)
Ⅰ.依据提示写出单词的正确形式
1．Most women have to watch their ________ (体形)．
2．Scientists predict a major ________ (突破) within six months.
3．We always use the ________ (外号，昵称) Beth for our daughter Elizabeth.
4．Will you ________ (支持) me in my campaign for election?
5．India (出口) tea and cotton to many different countries.
6．Warm milk is the good ________ (breed) ground for bacteria (细菌)．
7．________ (produce) of the new aircraft will start next year.
8．The country's economy is mainly ________ (agriculture) and depends on crops like coffee.
9．A child receives its early ________ (educate) at home.
10．I prefer your ________ (origin) plan to this one.
Ⅱ.选词填空
in quantity， lead to， figure out， bring in， experiment with， in support of， as a result of， bring up
1．Young children should ____________ to be loyal and equal.
2．Jenney nearly missed the flight ____________ doing too much shopping.
3．A scientist must produce evidence ____________ his theory.
4．I can't ____________ why he quit his job.
5．It's said that a cigarette end ____________ the forest fire.
6．Goods produced ____________ are always cheap.
7．They ____________ rats and succeeded.
8．I have several part­time jobs, which ____________ about 20,000 yuan a year.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．我想做的事是推迟这次会议。

What I would like to do is ________________.
2．你回答问题的方式令人艳羡。

The way ________________ was admirable.
3．由于出了车祸，杰克逊不能再工作了。

________________， Jackson couldn't work any longer.
4．她从小就被培育要诚恳。

She ________________ to be honest.
5．我用新轮胎替换了磨损不堪的旧轮胎。

I _________the worn­out tires ________ new ones.
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
Do you want to live with a strong sense of peacefulness, happiness, goodness, and self­respect? The collection of happiness actions broadly categorized (归类) as “honor” help you create this life of good feelings.
Here's an example to show how honorable actions create happiness.
Say a store clerk fails to charge us for an item. If we keep silent, and profit from the clerk's mistake, we would drive home with a sense of sneaky excitement. Later we might tell our family or friends about our good fortune. On the other hand, if we tell the clerk about the uncharged item, the clerk would be grateful and thank us for our honesty. We would leave the store with a quiet sense of honor that we might never share with another soul.
Then, what is it to do with our sense of happiness?
In the first case, where we don't tell the clerk, a couple of things would happen. Deep down inside we would know ourselves as a type of thief. In the process, we would lose some peace of mind and self­respect. We would also demonstrate that we cannot lie trusted, since we advertise our dishonor by telling our family and friends. We damage our own reputations by telling others. In contrast, bringing_the_error_to_the_clerk's_attention causes different things to happen. Immediately the clerk knows us to be ho norable. Upon leaving the store, we feel honorable and our self­respect is increased. Whenever we take honorable action, we gain the deep internal rewards of goodness and a sense of nobility.
There is a beautiful positive cycle that is created by living a life of honorable actions. Honorable thoughts lead to honorable actions. Honorable actions lead us to a happier existence. And it's easy to think and act honorably again when we're happy. While the positive cycle can be difficult to start, once it's started, it's easy to continue. Keeping on doing good deeds brings us peace of mind, which is important for our happiness.
1．According to the passage, the positive action in the example contributes to our ________.
A．self­respect B．financial rewards
C．advertising ability D．friendly relationship
2．The author thinks that keeping silent about the uncharged item is equal to ________.
A．lying B．stealing
C．cheating D．advertising
3．The phrase“bringing the error to the clerk's attention”(in Para.5) means ________.
A．telling the truth to the clerk
B．offering advice to the clerk
C．asking the clerk to be more attentive
D．reminding the clerk of the charged item
4．Which of the following can be the best title of this passage?
A．How to Live Truthfully
B．Importance of Peacefulness
C．Ways of Gaining Self­respect
D．Happiness through Honorable Action
B
Albert Einstein had a great effect on science and history，and his achievements were even greater than that of a few other great scientists. An American university president once said that Einstein had made a new outlook, a new view of the universe. It may be some time before the average mind understands fully the identity (特性) of time and space and so on —but even ordinary man now understand that the universe is something larger than ever thought before.
By 1914 young Einstein had been world­famous. He accepted the offer to become a professor at the Prussian Academy of Science in Berlin. He had few duties, little teaching and unlimited chances for study，but soon his peace and quiet were broken by World War Ⅰ.
Einstein hated fighting and killing. The great suffering of war affected him deeply, and he sat unhappily in his office doing little. He lost interest in his research and violin. Only when peace came in 1918 was he able to get back to work.
In the year following World War Ⅰ， honours were increasingly put on him. He became head of the Kaiser Whihem Institute of Theoretical Physics. But he himself refused the effort to put him in a position far above other people. He was well known for his humble (谦逊的) manner. He often said that his success would certainly have been achieved by others if he had never lived.
In 1921 he won the Noble Prize, and he was honoured in Germany until the rise of the Nazism when he was driven from Germany because he was a Jew.
5．The main idea of the first paragraph is ________.
A．the difficulty of Einstein's thought to others
B．the feeling of an American university president towards Einstein
C．the difference between science and history
D．the change in human thought produced by Einstein
6．It seems to the American university president that ________.
A．Einstein achieved more than any other scientist in history
B．everybody understands Einstein's scientific ideas
C．the new view of the universe can be quickly learned by everyone
D．our ideas about the universe are different today from those in the past because of Einstein 7．Which of the following statements about Einstein is true?
A．He achieved more than any other scientists in history.
B．Our ideas about the universe differ from one another because of him.
C．He kept working until peace came in 1918.
D．His research practically stopped during the First World War.
8．From the passage we can know that ________.
A．Germans usually have a high respect for science
B．Einstein had other interests besides science
C．Einstein was forced to work again in 1918
D．Einstein led a quiet life during World War Ⅰ
Ⅴ.任务型阅读
Some people want to live a productive and successful life. There are many things for you to do in order to achieve this.1.________ Here are some suggestions on how to successfully reach your goals, both large and small.
2．________ No matter what stage of life you are in，you should know what you want for your life. Ask yourself questions such as: Do I want to work in this career for the rest of my life？Do I need more education？Do I want to buy a house？What age do I want to retire？How can I have a successful marriage？How can I be a better parent to my kids?
3．________ You can write down all that you want for your life. But unless you know how to achieve those goals, it will just be a dream. Decide what steps you need to take in order to develop your plans.
Set large and small goals. Some people set 5 or 10 year goals but leave out the time in­between. It is much easier to reach a large goal if it is divided into smaller ones. Here is an example. 4.________ So what do you do in the meantime？Goal 1 would be to start saving money. Goal 2 might be finding a house plan or researching contractors, etc. Big goals take a lot of time and preparations. So you should also set small goals for you to achieve when setting large ones.
5．________ Find things to do in your spare time，which will help you reach your goals. Don't waste your time.
A．It is never too old to learn.
B．Make good use of your time.
C．Decide what you want for your life.
D．Make a plan and then write it down.
E．You want to build a house in the next 5 years.
F．And setting and achieving goals is one of them.
G．Most people want to set a large goal and achieve it in a short time.
Ⅵ.小作文训练(请依据提示把语段补充完整)
As we all know, reading is ________ (……的关键) the treasure house of knowledge. ________ (由于……的缘由) the electric products, such as phones, the Internet, people rely more on them. Unfortunately, fewer and fewer people ________ (对……感爱好) reading. More famous scientists were ________ (引进) to find out a solution to this problem. Many of them ____________ (提出) all kinds of suggestions at the meeting. People can be ________ (转变成) open minded ones by reading more. We ________ (计算) that the number will __________ (上升……) 60%.
课下力量提升(十四)
Ⅰ.1.figure 2.breakthrough 3.nickname
4．support 5.exports 6.breeding
7．Production 8.agricultural cation 10.original
Ⅱ.1.be brought up 2.as a result of 3.in support of 4.figure out 5.led to 6.in quantity 7.experimented with 8.bring in
Ⅲ.1.(to) put off the meeting 2.(in which/that) you answer the questions 3.As a result of the car accident 4.was brought up 5.replaced; with/by
Ⅳ. 语篇解读：文章指出高尚思想造就高尚行为，高尚行为造就幸福的存在。

有了幸福感，再次思想高尚，行为得体就很简洁。

不断做好事给我们以心灵的安静，这对幸福格外重要。

1．解析：选A 细节理解题。

由文章第五段“Immediately ...our self­respect is increased.”可知能够提升自尊心，故选A。

2．解析：选B 细节理解题。

由第五段中“Deep down inside we would know ourselves as a type of thief.”可知假如在售货员遗忘让你为商品买单的状况下，你一声不吭不付钱就把商品拿走了的行为等同于偷盗，故选B。

3．解析：选A 句意理解题。

由“In contrast”及上下文可知，画线的句子与第五段的第一句是相对的，说明是不告知事实，故选A。

4．解析：选D 标题归纳题。

由最终一段中“Honorable thoughts lead to honorable actions.”可知文章的主题是思想崇高，心灵就会欢快奇特，故选D。

语篇解读：本文介绍了爱因斯坦的贡献、信仰及患病。

5．解析：选D 段落大意题。

第一段其次句中“... made a new outlook, a new view ...”提到爱因斯坦供应了一种新的视角，后面一句则是人们对宇宙的新生疏，所以D项正确。

6．解析：选D 推理推断题。

从第一段其次句可知，该美国高校校长曾评论爱因斯坦创立了一种新的观点即一种新的宇宙观。

此观点与D项意思最接近。

7．解析：选D 细节理解题。

第三段表明爱因斯坦深受战斗的影响，而且该段最终一句“Only when peace came in 1918 was he able to ge t back to work ...”也表明爱因斯坦在第一次世界大战期间争辩工作实际上是停止了。

8．解析：选B 推理推断题。

从第三段第三句“He lost interest in his research and violin.”可知，除了科学之外，爱因斯坦还有别的爱好。

Ⅴ.语篇解读：本文对于人们如何过上富有成效并且成功的生活给出了几点建议。

1．解析：选F 后句就如何成功的达成目标给出建议而F选项内容恰好与后文呼应，起到承接作用，故选F。

2．解析：选C 后句提到无论你处于什么阶段都应当知道你想要什么，而C选项恰好是对后文内容的概括，故选C。

3．解析：选D 后句提到你可以写下全部你想要的，而D选项可以起到统领本段的作用，选D。

4．解析：选E 上文提到要建立大目标和小目标，而E选项对上一内容进行了举例说明，故选E。

5．解析：选B 后句提到空余时间找事做可以挂念你达成目标，不要铺张时间，而B选项恰是对这一内容的总结与概括，故选B。

Ⅵ.the key to As a result of are interested in brought in brought up converted to figure out rise by。