Argumentative essays 英语议论文写作
合集下载
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
argued
A
9
Example Refutation
Some people might claim that there is no real alternative to a new generation of nuclear reactors. However, combined heat and power units, which generate electricity, are already economical for large houses or blocks of flats and smaller units will be on the market next year. Local generation of electricity eliminates the enormous losses of wasted heat in electricity generation by fossil fuels or nuclear reactors. Wind turbines and solar cells on the roof can also provide home solutions and will become more economical as costs come down with mass production.
A
11
☺Your turn☺
Choose one of the topics below, brainstorm and write a thesis statement.
Using animals for scientific and medical research
Killing animals for food Cloning humans
There has been much discussion about the use of nuclear power ever since the first reactor was built. People who support nuclear power think that it provides a cheap and effective means of supplying energy needs. However, in reality it is not cheap at all and the dangers are well-known after the accidents at Chernobyl and Three Mile Island. The fact is that nuclear power is a tried, tested and failed technology. Because of its cost, risk and alternatives, the building of nuclear reactors should not continue.
might be argued
A
8
Useful words and phrases contd.
When you have seen the opposing opinion written in another text:
claimed It has been asserted that... However,
Provide a general warning of the consequences of not following the premise that you put forward and/or a general statement of how the community will benefit from following that premise
A
5
Body Paragraphs
Arguments for: The reasons “parts” of your thesis statement will be in your body paragraphs.
Give clear arguments for your claim with support (examples, statistics, explanations, etc.)
A
10
Concluding paragraph
Your conclusion should:
Restate the main claim
Present one or two general sentences which accurately summarise your arguments which support the main premise
topic Thesis statement must state what YOUR claim
is and can include the “parts” of the argument you are going to state.
A
4
Example Introductory Paragraph
A
12
Topic Sentence 2:
Another problem is the serious consequences of accidents.
Refutation:
Some people might claim that there is no real alternative to nuclear power.
A
2
Example Outline
Thesis Statement:
Because of its cost, risk and alternatives, the building of nuclear reactors should not continue.
Topic Sentence 1:
The first problem with nuclear reactors is their cost.
A
6
Refutation Paragraph
This is also used to support your claim. Use the counter arguments to show that
your idea is the stronger one. Do not focus only on the opposing ideas.
Concluding Statement:
In short, although nuclear power is an attractive option, it has too many disadvantagy Paragraph
Your introduction should: Introduce the topic with a general statement State why it is important State there is a difference of opinion about this
An Argumentative Essay
How to...
A
1
Before Writing...
Brainstorm ideas on the subject. Identify the main topics. Use these topics as headings for organising
A
7
Useful words and phrases
When you can think of the opposing opinion but you have not seen it written anywhere:
could be claimed It may be asserted that... However,
your notes. Decide which side you are on i.e. which
arguments are most convincing. Make sure you choose the side that you can fully support. Plan and write an outline for your essay noting down the information you will include in each paragraph.
Use transition words as you move from paragraph to paragraph (Firstly, secondly, furthermore, in addition, moreover, finally).
You can also use any of the transitions from the other essay types as long as they are appropriate for your argument. (You may want to compare/contrast things, give reasons/results, descriptions, definitions etc.)
A
9
Example Refutation
Some people might claim that there is no real alternative to a new generation of nuclear reactors. However, combined heat and power units, which generate electricity, are already economical for large houses or blocks of flats and smaller units will be on the market next year. Local generation of electricity eliminates the enormous losses of wasted heat in electricity generation by fossil fuels or nuclear reactors. Wind turbines and solar cells on the roof can also provide home solutions and will become more economical as costs come down with mass production.
A
11
☺Your turn☺
Choose one of the topics below, brainstorm and write a thesis statement.
Using animals for scientific and medical research
Killing animals for food Cloning humans
There has been much discussion about the use of nuclear power ever since the first reactor was built. People who support nuclear power think that it provides a cheap and effective means of supplying energy needs. However, in reality it is not cheap at all and the dangers are well-known after the accidents at Chernobyl and Three Mile Island. The fact is that nuclear power is a tried, tested and failed technology. Because of its cost, risk and alternatives, the building of nuclear reactors should not continue.
might be argued
A
8
Useful words and phrases contd.
When you have seen the opposing opinion written in another text:
claimed It has been asserted that... However,
Provide a general warning of the consequences of not following the premise that you put forward and/or a general statement of how the community will benefit from following that premise
A
5
Body Paragraphs
Arguments for: The reasons “parts” of your thesis statement will be in your body paragraphs.
Give clear arguments for your claim with support (examples, statistics, explanations, etc.)
A
10
Concluding paragraph
Your conclusion should:
Restate the main claim
Present one or two general sentences which accurately summarise your arguments which support the main premise
topic Thesis statement must state what YOUR claim
is and can include the “parts” of the argument you are going to state.
A
4
Example Introductory Paragraph
A
12
Topic Sentence 2:
Another problem is the serious consequences of accidents.
Refutation:
Some people might claim that there is no real alternative to nuclear power.
A
2
Example Outline
Thesis Statement:
Because of its cost, risk and alternatives, the building of nuclear reactors should not continue.
Topic Sentence 1:
The first problem with nuclear reactors is their cost.
A
6
Refutation Paragraph
This is also used to support your claim. Use the counter arguments to show that
your idea is the stronger one. Do not focus only on the opposing ideas.
Concluding Statement:
In short, although nuclear power is an attractive option, it has too many disadvantagy Paragraph
Your introduction should: Introduce the topic with a general statement State why it is important State there is a difference of opinion about this
An Argumentative Essay
How to...
A
1
Before Writing...
Brainstorm ideas on the subject. Identify the main topics. Use these topics as headings for organising
A
7
Useful words and phrases
When you can think of the opposing opinion but you have not seen it written anywhere:
could be claimed It may be asserted that... However,
your notes. Decide which side you are on i.e. which
arguments are most convincing. Make sure you choose the side that you can fully support. Plan and write an outline for your essay noting down the information you will include in each paragraph.
Use transition words as you move from paragraph to paragraph (Firstly, secondly, furthermore, in addition, moreover, finally).
You can also use any of the transitions from the other essay types as long as they are appropriate for your argument. (You may want to compare/contrast things, give reasons/results, descriptions, definitions etc.)