牛津英语初中知识点集锦

7A Unit 1
一般现在时(is /am/are, do / does)的肯定、否定和疑问形式。

例：My hair is long.
Cats eat fish.
He goes to school on foot every day.
7A Unit 2
1．人称代词——主格：I , you , he, she, it, we, they. 在句中作主语。

例： We/ I / You/ They have lunch at school. He / She/ It looks at me. 2．人称代词——宾格：me, you, him, her, it, us, them在句中作宾语。

例：The teacher often helps us / me/ him/ her/ them.
7A Unit 3
1. 时间介词at, on, in
2. 疑问词：what, which, who, whose, when, where, why, how
3. some, any 的用法
7A Unit 4
1．频率副词never, seldom, sometimes, often, usually, always
2．There be 结构表示“某个地方客观存在”。

7A Unit 5
现在进行时is/ am/are + doing 表示正在进行的动作.
7A Unit 6
1. can , may表示“允许、可以”。

2. 顺序副词：first, then, next, afterwards, finally.
7B Unit 1
1．方位介词：in front of, between, next to, between, opposite, on
2．基数词：on e, two, three, four,…
3．序数词：first, second, third, fourth….
7B Unit 2
1. how much, how many.表示“多少”，前者跟不可数名词，后者跟可数名词的复数。

2. 名词所有格: Millie‘s home, The two student s‘ homes....
3. 形容词性物主代词：my, your, his , her, our, their, its
名词性物主代词：mine, yours, his, her, o urs, theirs, its…
4. 定冠词the的用法: 独一无二的，前文已提到过的。

7B Unit 3
1．动作介词：across, along, through, over, to, up, down, round, from
2．一般将来时：will +动词原形，shall + 动词原形（但只能用于we/ I 第一人称） is/ am/ are going to + 动词原形
7B Unit 4
一般过去时的肯定、否定和疑问形式。

1．be 动词的过去式：was/ were
2．do（实义动词）的过去式分规则和不规则两类。

7B Unit 5
1．用can/ could表示“能力”“会”。

I can speak English. I could swim when I was young.
2．用can/ could 表示“可能”“可能性”。

I am free. I can help you. At that time, anything could happen.
3．感叹句What a good girl! What bad weather! How nice it is!
7B Unit 6
1. 祈使句的肯定形式和否定形式：
Walk the dog at 7:00. (Please) don‘t chase the cat.
2. 情态动词should, ought to & must 的用法
should (应该)/ shouldn‘t(不应该)，
ought to(应该)/ ought not to（不应该）, must (必须)/ mustn‘t (不可以，不允许)。

8A Unit 1
1. 描述性形容词，如：short, long, round, interesting,funny, slim, important, beautiful等。

比较级和最高级①规则的bigger / the biggest more important/
the most important
②不规则的worse / the worst
3. 表示“比较”的句式：as + 形容词+as ----- ―和。

一样‖
not as / so + 形容词+ as——“。

不如。

”
8A Unit 2
1．比较两者间的数量用以下句式：mo re….than, fewer….than., less… than
例：I have more / fewer apples than you. (后跟复数名词)
I have more / less free time than he/ him.（后跟不可数名词）
2．比较两者以上间的数量用the most, the fewest, the least.
例：Amy scored the most/ fewest points of all.
Daniel has the least money of the three..
3．用like & alike 来比较。

例：
My skirt is / looks like hers. = My skirt and hers are alike.
4. 用词组the same as & be different from来比较
8A Unit 3
1. and, but, or(或者)的用法。

2. 动词+ to do 这些动词有：plan, agree, want, decide, choose, hope, learn, prepare等。

3．反身代词：myself, yourself, yourselves, ourselves, himself, herself, itself, themselves
8A Unit 4
由if引导的条件状语从句
1. 用来描述可能出现的情况，主句时态用将来时，如：
If it doesn‘t rain tomorrow, we will go to the park..
2．用来描述反复的、可预见的情况，主句时态用一般时。

如：
I f tigers are hungry, they attack people.
8A Unit 5
1. 用一般现在时表示“将来”。

如：The train leaves at 9:00.
2．用现在进行时表示“将来”，如：We are leaving for Shanghai this evening.
3．方式副词：quietly, gently, easily, well…往往由形容词+ly变成副词，如：
quiet – quietly, easy—easily, possible – possibly
少数副词和形容词同形，如：fast, early, long 等。

注意：good—well, near—nearly , hard -- hardly
8A Unit 6
1. 表示原因的连词：because , as, since. (这些词放在原因从句之前，主句不能再用so.)
2.表示命令、请求、建议的句式：tell / ask / order /advise / warn sb. (not) to do sth.
8B Unit 1
现在完成时
1. 结构：have / has + PP 表示动作发生在过去但对现在仍有影响。

2. 肯定、否定和疑问形式
3. 常用的一些时间状语，如：already, ever, for, since, just, never, yet等。

4. for + 一段时间，since + 过去的一点时间/ 用过去式的从句，相对应的主句动词要用延
续性动词，如：leave --- be away, die --- be dead, borrow ---- keep, buy—have, come ---be here, join –- be in/ be a member of 等。

如：
He has left already.
He has been away for two hours.
8B Unit 2
1. 过去进行时was / were + doing 表示过去某个时刻正在进行的。

2. 肯定、否定和疑问形式.
3. while 和when在过去进行时中的用法：
进行时+ while +进行时
过去式，while + 进行时= when +过去式，进行时
例：I was doing my homework while my father was watching TV..
The bell rang while he was reading books.
When the bell rang, he was reading books. (以上这两句主从句前后可以互换)
8B Unit 3
被动语态
1．结构：be + PP 时态变化都只改变be 的各种形式
2．肯定、否定和疑问形式
3．不是所有的动词都有被动形式，如感觉动词: feel, smell, look, taste, sound 和happen, take place 等。

4．主动形式表被动意义，如: This shirt sells well.
（详细见课件复习）
8B Unit 4
1. because, because of, so 的用法。

because + 从句，because of +短语(but: what you said), 两者后都跟原因。

so 后跟结果的从句。

同一句子中，不能同时出现because/ because of和so.
2．hope & wish的用法
hope 所希望的是有可能实现的，但wish所希望的是现在不可能实现的。

如：I hope you can come to my party.
I wish I were the President.
3.主语hope to do sth., 主语hope其他人做某事，要跟从句。

wish可用来向某人祝福，如：I wish you a happy new year!
8B Unit 5
1. 宾语从句(陈述句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句)
2. used to & be used to 的用法
used to do 意思为：过去常常，过去曾。

如：
He used to be a teacher. He used to get up early.
be used to doing / sth.意思为：习惯于做某事，如：
He is used to the bad weather. He is used to getting up early.
8B Unit 6
三个句型结构：
1．It‘s +形容词+ that 从句，如：
It is necessary that we help the elderly.
2. It‘s + 形容词+ to do sth.，如：
It‘s useful to learn E nglish well.
3. It‘s +形容词+ for sb (not). to do sth.，如：
It‘s necessary for us to protect the environment.
9A Unit 1
1. 句式：It is +形容词（性格）+of sb.+ (not) to do sth.
如：It‘s kind of you to help me.
2. 句式：主语+ be +形容词+enough + to do sth.
如：They are patient enough to wait for me for 2 hours.
3. 句子的不同成分：主语、谓语、表语、宾语、定语、状语。

9A Unit 2
1．固定结构：would rather…than…宁愿。

也不愿。

如：On such a rainy day, I would rather stay at home than go out.
2．固定结构：prefer… to…宁愿。

不愿。

，比起。

更喜欢。

如：I prefer red to blue.
On such a rainy day, I prefer staying at home to going out. 3．不定代词：someone /somebody, anyone / anybody, no one / nobody
something, anything, nothing, none
作主语时为单数，形容词后置。

9A Unit 3
1. 疑问词+ to do
如：I don‘t know how to do it./ what to do.
We haven‘t decided when to have the meeting.
2．句子种类：陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句。

3．宾语补足语。

如：We find him a good boy / good.
4. 5种句子结构主语+ 谓语Millie is reading.
主语+ 谓语+ 宾语Millie is reading a book.
主语+ 谓语+ 表语Millie is here.
主语+ 谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语We gave him a book.
主语+ 谓语+ 宾语+ 宾补We call him Tom.
9A Unit 4
1. 介词短语：between…. and…., from…. to….
2. 连词：before, after, until / not… until
3. 连词：while & as
W hile + 进行时，进行时while / as + 进行时，非进行时（短暂性动词） As + 非进行时（短暂性动词），非进行时（短暂性动词）
9A Unit 5
1．过去完成时had + PP(过去分词)
2．用should, ought to, had better, have to, must 表示建议。

否定形式：ought not to had better not, don‘t have to / needn‘t
3. 用why not, why don‘t you, perhaps 来表示建议，要放在句首。

9A Unit 6
1．易混淆的单词：bring /take, hear/ listen, see/ look/ watch, come / go
2．有时态变化的间接引语。

时间状语的变化（P 103）
疑问句变为间接引语时，要注意疑问语序要变为陈述语序、句尾标点符号。

9B Unit 1
1. 用can / could, may / might 来表示允许。

四单词正式语气递增。

2. that 引导的宾语从句。

3．I f / whether引导的宾语从句。

9B Unit 2
1．由疑问词引导的宾语从句。

2．i n order to do & as a result
3. need to do , need 有时态变化，否定形式要用助动词do. does, did
Chaper 1
A letter from a pen-friend 一封笔友的来信一单词汇总
chapter n. 章节
below pep．在……下面
rugby n．英式橄榄球运动
hockey n．曲棍球
badminton n．羽毛球运动
title n．标题
signature n．署名，签名
top-right adj．右上角的
greeting n．问候
foot n．英尺
hobby n．兴趣，业余爱好
chess n．国际象棋
own v. 拥有
be keen on 喜爱
physics n．物理学
ambition n．雄心，野心
enclose v．附上
dictionary n．字典，词典
steak n．牛排
punch n. 伴汁酒
all in 精疲力竭的
trainer n. （无钉的）软运动鞋
idle adj. 懒惰的
inaudible adj. 听不见的
shut v. 关上，关闭
full name 全名
inch n. 英寸
geography n. 地理
probably adv. 可能，大概，也许
meal n. 餐，饭食
university n.大学
leave school （毕业）离校
birth n. 出生
European n. 欧洲人
actress n. 女演员
recently adv. 近来
clearly adv. 清楚地
couple n. 夫妇
adopt v. 收养
omen n．预兆
destined adj．注定
embassy n．大使馆
二重点难点解析
1. Now my parents own a Chinese restaurant．现在我的父母拥有一家中国餐馆。

1）own作动词时，意为―拥有，所有‖。

例：She owns a car but rarely drives
it．她有一辆车，但很少开。

2）own作形容词或代词时，意为―自己的‖，其前必须要有名词所有格或形容词性物主代词。

例：
This is Jack's own room．这是杰克自己的房间。

I saw it with my own eyes．这是我亲眼所见。

3）owner名词―主人，物主‖。

例：The owner of the restaurant is an overse
a Chinese.饭店的主人是位海外华人。

2. 1 have a brother called Edwin．我有一个名叫埃德温的哥哥。

① called Edwin为v-ed分词短语，作定语时通常后置。

例：
I've bought a video camera made in Japan．我买了一部日本产的摄像机。

②called意为―称呼，名叫‖，与它意思相同的还有：named, with the name of.
3. He works as an architect．他担任建筑师的工作。

☆as在句中作介词，意为―以……身份，作为‖。

例：He was famous as a singe r．作为一位歌手他很著名。

☆architect n．建筑师 architecture n．建筑学
4. 1 enclose…随信附上……随信寄照片、资料等，都可以用这一表达方法。

例：
My brother enclosed a photo of my niece in his letter.我哥哥随信附上一张我侄女的照片。

5. How many brothers and sisters has he got? 他有多少兄弟姐妹？
☆动词have/have got意义相同，但have got用法在疑问句和答语中略有不同。

Have you got three lessons every day? Yes, I have. /No, I haven't．你每天上三节课吗？是的，上三节课。

／不，没有。

（在have got结构中，have 为助动词，可构成疑问句和否定句。

）Do you have three lessons every day? Yes, I do. /No, I don't．你每天上三节课吗？是的，上三节课。

／不，没有。

(have用作行为动词时，需加助动词do构成疑问句和否定句。

）
三重点语段翻译
A letter from a pen-friend
Dear May
Hi！I saw your name and address in‗Pen-friends‘magazine，and I would l ike to be your pen-
friend ．First, I will tell you some things about myself. My name is Sidney Li Pei-chun．I'm fourteen years old ．I'm about five feet tall ．I have short black hair and brown eyes ．My favourite hobby is pla ying computer games ．I also enjoy playing chess .
I live with my parents．They came to England about 30 years ago．They came from Hong Kong, but I have never been there ．Now my parents own a Chinese restaurant in Newcastle ．We live in a small house near our restaurant ．I was born in Newcastle in 1986 ．I can speak Chinese，b ut I cannot write it very well ．I have a brother called Edwin ．He i s 23 ．He works as an architect, in London．
I'm in Form One at Walker School．It is near my house，and so I can w alk to school．I like my
school because the teachers are very friendly．My school has many spo rts fields ．I am keen on sports ．I enjoy playing rugby and badminto n in the winter , and tennis in the summer. My best subject at school is physics ．My ambition is to be an engineer.
I enclose a photo of myself and some school friends．I am in the midd le．I hope you will write to me soon，May，and tell me all about your self.
Best wishes
Sidney
一封笔友的来信
亲爱的梅
嗨！我是在《笔友》这本杂志上看见你的名字和地址的，我想成为你的笔友。

首先，我将告诉你关于我自己的一些事情。

我叫悉尼，李佩春。

我十四岁。

大约五英尺高。

我有黑色的短发，棕色的眼睛。

我最大的爱好就是玩电脑游戏。

我还喜欢下国际象棋。

我和父母生活在一起。

他们大约在三十年前来到英国。

他们来自香港，但我从未去过那儿。

现在我父母在纽卡斯尔有一家中国餐馆。

我们住在餐馆附近的一所小房子里。

我于1986年生于纽卡斯尔。

我会讲汉语，但不太会写。

我有一个名叫埃德温的哥哥。

他23岁了。

在伦敦担任建筑师的工作。

我在Walker学校读一年级。

它就在我家附近，所以我可以步行去上学。

我喜欢我的学校因为老师们都很友好。

我的学校有很多运动场地。

我很喜欢运动。

冬天我喜欢玩橄榄球和羽毛球，夏天我喜欢打网球。

在学校我最喜欢的科目是物理。

我的理想是作一名工程师。

随信附上一张我和学校一些朋友的照片。

我在中间，我希望你能尽快给我回信，梅，告诉我有关你的全部。

致以良好的祝愿
悉尼
四语法讲解
1．特殊疑问句
(1)常见的特殊疑问词有： What（事情），Where（地点），When（时间），Which （选择人或事），Who（人），
How（方式），How old（年龄），How far（距离），How many（数量），How much
（数量／价格），How big（大小），How long（时间或距离长短），etc .
(2)特殊疑问句结构
1)疑问词＋一般疑问句How do people get drinking water?
2）对主语或主语部分提问时，结构是：疑问词＋谓语部分Who helps to keep the environment clean?
2．不定冠词a/an
―a‖用在以辅音音素开始的单词前，如：a beautiful girl, a useful book等；而―an‖则用于以元音音素开始的单词前，如：an hour, an umbrella,
Chapter 2
A day in the life of…whiz一kid Wendy神童温迪的一天
一单词汇总
subtitle n．副标题
similar adj．相似的，类似的
expect v.期待
successful adj．成功的
whiz-kid．神童
business n．生意，公司
luckily adv．幸运地
manager n．经理
responsible adj．有责任的
be responsible for 对……负责
sale v.卖，销售
accountant n．会计
boring adj．乏味的
simple adj．简单的，容易的
achieve v.得到，实现
grade n．分数
fail v. 失败，不及格
exam n．考试
collect v. 接走
client a．顾客，主顾
return v．回，返回
attend v．参加，出席
assist v.帮助，支援
continue v. 继续，延续
seldom adv．很少，不常，难得
duty n．责任
gain v. 得到，获得
usual adj．通常的，平常的
guard n．警卫，保安
messenger n．送信者，报信者
construction n．建筑，施工
daydream v. 作白日梦，空想
lose one's tempe 发脾气
wish v. 想要某事物，希望
tell the truth 说实话
champion n．冠军，优胜者
jogging n．慢跑
mathematics n．数学
P. E. n．体育（课）
二重点难点解析
1. Wendy Wang must be one of the top students in Shanghai．温迪•王一定是上海的高材生之一。

*Must是情态动词，在这里表示猜测的意思，意为―一定是‖，通常只用于肯定句，在否定句或疑问句中用can表示猜测。

例：It must be true．那一定是真的。

Can it be true?那可能是真的吗？
It can't be true．那不可能是真的。

*one of the top students = one of the best students高材生之一
"one of＋名词复数‖表示―……之一‖
2. Now all of her family work in her business．现在所有她的家人都在她的公司工作。

☆family表示―家庭‖或―家人‖，是集合名词，若视为整体，动词用单数，若逐个考虑其个体，则动词用复数。

例： My family is very large．我家是个大家庭。

My family are all very well．我的家人都很好。

☆business n．生意businessman n．商人（男）businesswoman n．商人（女）busy adj．忙的busily adv．忙地
3．辨析：put on穿上，wear穿着，dress穿着，打扮
☆put on强调穿衣的动作，宾语须是物；wear表示穿着衣服的状态；dress既可指动作也可指状态，但宾语须是人。

例：You'd better put on your coat if you want to go out．如果想出去最好把衣服穿上。

He is wearing a new suit today．他今天穿了一套新的西装。

She dresses her child every day．她每天都要给孩子穿衣服。

4. over half a million超过50万
☆over作介词，意为―超过，多于‖，相当于more than。

例：
He was away over (more than) a month．他离开一个多月了。

5. I always go to school in my own car. 我总是坐我自己的车去上学。

in one's car = by car坐小汽车
6. 辨析：enough to，too…to，so…that
☆enough to 和 too…to 构成简单句，so…that 构成复合句；enough to 和so…that 表示肯定，too…to 和 so…that 表示否定。

例：I am not old enough to drive.= I am too young to drive.= I am so young that I can‘t drive. 我太小了，不能开车。

7. 辨析：attend， take part in， join
☆三者都有―参加‖之意。

attend 指参加、出席会议；take part in 多指参加活动；join 指加入组织、团体、党派。

例：My father attends a meeting every Thursday afternoon.我爸爸每周四下午要去开会。

You‘d better take part in all the activities at school. 你最好参加学校的各项活动。

Do you want to join the League? 你想入团吗？
8. On Friday we have Computer Club meetings. 每周五我们都参加电脑社会议。

☆have用作行为动词，常与一名词连用表示与该名词相当的动词意义，如：have a meeting/a swim/a walk/ a lesson…开会/游泳/散步/上课……。

否定句和疑问句中要用助动词do/does/did。

例：-Do you often have a walk after supper? –Yes, I do./ No, I don‘t.
9. I go to my office and continue working on my games. 然后我到办公室继续设计电脑游戏。

☆continue doing sth 继续做某事。

例：How can you continue writing in such dim light？这么暗的光线你怎么能继续写呢？
☆ work on 从事（某工作），例：
A day in the life of... whiz-kid Wendy
Wendy Wang，15，must be one of the top students in Shanghai ．She's already written several successful computer games．Now all of her family work in her business ．And she's still at school！
6 a. m.
I get up at six, wash and put on my school uniform．I have breakfast with my parents．We have a family business ．I started the business two‖二ago ．I write computer games ．Luckily，they are very popular. We sell over half a million games every year．场father is the manager of the company，and my mother is responsible for sales ．My' brother is our accountant ．Every morning we discuss the business at breakfast ．Then I usually work on my computer for an hour
before school.、
7 ．30 a. m.
I always go to school in my own car. I am not old enough to drive，and so I have a driver. I sometimes make phone calls to clients on the way to school．
8 a. m.
I start school．I enjoy seeing my school friends，but some of the work is boring because it is too simple for me ．I usually achieve A grades in all my subjects，I never fail an exam.
12．30 p．m.
About twice a week my driver collects me from school．I go and have lunch with a client．Then I return to school．
4 ．1
5 p. m.
After school I usually attend a club．On Friday have Computer Club meetings．The other students often ask me to assist them ．On Mondays and Thursdays I play basketball．Once a week I have violin lessons．My driver always takes me home after school ．I finish my homework in an hour or two before dinner.｝
7p．m.
I always have dinner with my parents．We discuss our business．Then I go to my office and continue working on my games ．I seldom go to bed before 2 a. m ．I do not usually need much sleep.
神童温迪的一天
温迪•王，巧岁，一定是上海的高材生之一。

她已经编写了几个成功的电脑游戏。

现在所有她的家人都在她的公司工作。

然而她还在上学！
上午6点
我六点起床、洗脸、穿上校服，我和我的父母一起吃早餐。

我们拥有一个家族公司。

我于两年前开办了公司。

我编写电脑游戏。

幸运地是，它们很受欢迎。

我们每年能销售50多万个游戏。

我的爸爸是公司的经理，妈妈负责梢售。

我哥哥是会计。

每天早上我们都边吃早餐边讨论生意。

然后我通常在上学前的一个小时用电脑
工作。

上午7点so分
我总是坐自己的车去上学。

我太小了，不能开车，因此我有一个司机。

有时候我在上学的路上给客户打电话。

上午8点
我开始上课。

我喜欢看见学校的朋友，但有些课程很无聊，因为对我来说太简单了。

通常我所有的科目都会得A。

我从来没有考试不及格过。

下午12 ,: 30分
大约每周两次我的司机会去学校接我。

我去和一位客户吃午饭。

然后回学校。

下午4点15分
放学后我通常会参加社团。

每周五我们都要参加电脑社会议。

其他学生经常让我帮助他们。

每周一和周四我打篮球。

我每周上一次小提琴课。

我的司机总是在放学后接我回家。

我在晚饭前用一到两小时完成作业。

下午7点
我总是和父母一起吃晚餐。

我们讨论生意。

然后我到办公室继续设计电脑游戏。

我很少在凌晨2点以前睡觉。

我通常不需要大量的睡眠。

三语法讲解
1．一般现在时
一般现在时表示目前的状态及经常发生或习惯性的动作，常与usually, often, sometimes, every day等状语连用。

也可用于表达一种客观事实、习惯和作息时间表。

1)谓语用动词原形；当主语为第三人称时，动词后＋s/es.
I get up at six every morning•
The sun rises in the east and sets in the west．
2)动词第三人称单数变化规则如下：
（1）一般动词后＋s;
（2）以s/x/ch/sh结尾的动词＋es. mixes/discusses/washes/teaches （3）go/do十es，goes/does
（4）一些以y结尾的动词如y前是辅音字母，则将Y改成i + es.
studies/hurries/worries
（5）如y前是元音字母就加s. plays/stays
3)其否定句或疑问句是用助动词do或does构成。

Do you have lunch at school? Yes，I do. /No, I don't．
Does he go to work on foot? Yes，he does．/No, he doesn't．
I don't go to school on Sundays．
She doesn't do her homework at home．
2.频度副词（always, usually, sometimes, seldom, often...）在句子中的位置
1)位于主要行为动词的前面。

例： He often does his homework in the evening. (does是行为动词）
2)位于be 动词的后面。

例：She is always late for school.（is是be动词）
3)位于助动词和主要行为动词之间。

例：I don't usually go to school by bus. (don't是助动，go是行为动词)
3.how often来询问动作所发生的频率。

4.时间状语（once一次 twice两次 three times三次 four times四次 on Monday/every day， etc.）常位于句首或句末。

Chapter 3
Dealing with troubles 处理麻烦事
一单词汇总
dial v. 拨（电话号码）
diary n．日记
argue v. 争论，争吵
deal with 对付，处理
argument n．争论，争吵
shout at 向……大声嚷嚷
hold out 伸出，端出
crowd n．人群
stare v．盯，凝视
go on 发生，进行
steal v．偷，窃取
postcard n．明信片
notice v. 察觉到，注意到
handbag n．手提包
follow v. 跟随
ring v.（钟、铃等）鸣，响
aboard adv．在机上，在船上
wait v. 等候
hurry to 匆忙赶到
strange adj．奇怪的
report v．报告，汇报
robbery n．抢劫（案），盗窃（案）
railing n．栏杆
detail n．细节
as conj．当……时
handcuffs n．手拷
noisily adv .嘈杂地，喧闹地
amusing adj．引人发笑的
unusual adj.不平常的，奇异的
law n．法律
realize v.认识到，了解
permission n．允许，许可
rob v.抢劫，盗取……的财物
in time 及时
pleased adj．高兴的
definitely adv．确定地，清楚地
attack v.进攻，攻击
baseball n．棒球
gun n．枪
arrest v.逮捕
smash v.粉碎，击溃
daring adj．大胆的，勇敢的
take place 发生
gang n．一伙
towards prep．向，朝
reach v.到达
writer n．作家
scientist n．科学家
二重点难点解析
1. No one knew what was happening．没有人知道发生了什么事。

这是一句由连接代词what引导的宾语从句，连接词要位于从句的前面，起连接主句和从句的作用，从句用陈述句语序。

例：I wonder whose house that is．我想知道那是谁的房子。

2. What's going on？发生什么事了？与它意思相同的表达还有：What's up? /What's happening?
3. Was my father afraid of that man? 我爸爸害怕那个人吗？
1）be afraid of sb/sth害怕……。

例：She is afraid of dogs．她怕狗。

2） be afraid that恐怕……。

例：I'm afraid that I've broken your pen．恐怕我弄坏了你的钢笔。

4. He quickly dialled 110．他迅速拨打110。

dial＋具体电话号码= phone sb 给……打电话。

5. Three young men started talking to us．三个年轻人开始跟我们交谈。

*start doing sth开始做……。

例：It's autumn and leaves start falling．秋天到了，树叶开始落下。

☆辫析：tell，speak，talk，say
tell告诉，常见的短语有：tell a lie说谎，tell sb to do sth告诉……做……；tell sb about sth告诉……关于……的情况，tell a story讲故事。

speak说，后面接语言，如：speak German说德语。

talk to/with sb (about sth）与某人谈论（有关……事）。

say说，后面接内容。

例：
She said he could speak very good English．她说他英语说得很好。

Tell him not to talk about the thing any longer。

告诉他不要再谈论这件事了。

6. Please meet the ferry．请去迎接渡船。

meet sb 意为―迎接某人‖。

例： Will you meet her at the station？你到车站去接她吗？
7. As we got off, we saw them．我们下船时看见他们了。

这是由as引导的时间状语从句。

表示―当……时‖，主句和从句的动作同时发生。

例：I thought of it just as you opened your mouth．就在你要说的时候，我也想到了。

8.Six policemen stood around the man，who was in handcuffs．6名警察站在一名戴手铐的男子周围。

☆这是一句由who引导的非限制性定语从句。

定语从句可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。

限制性定语从句是整个句子中不可缺少的一部分，去掉后会影响整个句子的意思，所以不用逗号和主句隔开；非限制性定语从句是整个句子中相对较为独立的一部分，缺少了也不会影响整个句子的意思，因此总是用逗号和主句隔开。

例：
This is the best film that I have ever seen．这是我看过的最好的一部电影。

Last week I saw a very good film，which was about the-UFO．上周我看了一部非常好的电影，是关于飞碟的。

* be in handcuffs带手铐。

例：The man who is in handcuffs is my next-door neighbour.
带手铐的男子是我的隔壁邻居。

三重点语段翻译
Dealing with trouble
Thursday，28 June
Today my father and I were waiting for the ferry ．People usually wait quietly，but this afternoon we heard a big argument ．Two women tourists were shouting at a big man ．He was shouting back at them ．He held out a bag, and showed everyone that it was empty．
The crowd stared at the three people ．No one knew what was happening．My father moved through the crowd and said quietly to one of the women，"What's going on?"
"They stole my friend's purse five minutes ago, "said the woman．"We were down in the bookshop，buying postcards ．Three young men started talking to us ．At first they were very friendly. Then suddenly my friend noticed that her purse was not in her handbag. Two of the men ran away ．We followed this man here．"
Then the bell rang, the gates opened, and everyone started going down onto
the ferry．The man hurried aboard，and the two tourists went after him．"Wait, "said my father. "I don't want to go on that ferry．"
This was strange ．Was my father afraid of that man? I wanted to go and watch the action．
But he hurried to an ice-cream shop，―Can I use your phone?" he asked the shop assistant ．He quickly dialled 110．
"I want to report a robbery．The man is on the ferry now. It just left a few minutes ago．"He looked down through the railings．"It's
the‗No.3‘Ferry，"he said，"Please meet the ferry．"He gave some more details，and then put the phone down．
We took the next ferry．As we got off, we saw them．Six policemen stood around the man，who was in handcuffs ．The two women were talking to the police．
" Well done，Dad，I said as we walked by．―Good thinking!‖
处理麻烦事
6月28日，星期四
今天我和爸爸正在等渡船。

人们通常都是安静地等，但是今天下午我们听到很大的争吵声。

两个女游客正对一个男人大声嚷嚷。

他也对她们喊。

他翻出包，让大家看那是空的。

人们都盯着这三个人。

没有人知道发生了什么事。

我爸爸从人群中走出来，轻轻地对其中一个女人说：―发生什么事了？‖
―五分钟前他们偷了我朋友的钱包，‖那个女人说。

―我们正在逛书店，买明信片。

三个年轻人开始跟我们交谈。

起初他们都非常友好。

突然我的朋友注意到她的钱包不在手提包里了。

其中的两个人逃跑了。

我们跟着这个人一直到这儿。

‖
就在这时铃响了，门开了，人们开始上船。

那位男子匆匆上船，两位游客紧随其后。

―等一下，‖我爸爸说。

―我不想上那艘船。

‖
这真是奇怪。

我爸爸怕那个男人吗？我想去看个究竟。

但是他匆忙赶到一家冰淇淋店。

―我能用一下电话吗？‖他问店员。

他迅速拨打110.
―我想报告一宗抢劫案。

那个人正在船上。

刚离开几分钟。

‖他穿过栏杆往下看。

―是三号渡船，‖他说。

―请去接船。

‖他又说了一些细节，然后挂了电话。

我们坐了下一艘船。

我们下船时看见他们了。

6名警察站在一名戴手铐的男子周围，那两个女人正在和警察交谈。

―爸爸，干得好，‖我们一边走我一边说。

―好主意！‖
四语法讲解
一般过去时
一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或情况（包括习惯性动作），常用yesterday, last, ago, once, one day, the other day, before 2003等表示过去的时间状语连用。

1．用动词的过去式表示。

如：do-did is-was
2．动词过去式的构成及ed的发音规律。

动词过去式的构成：由动词原形＋ed/d的这类叫规则动词；另一类则为不规则动词，需记住它们的变化形式。

浊辅音或元音因素＋ed发／d/；清辅音＋ed发。