英语必备--情态动词专讲专练

中考必备--情态动词专讲专练
情态动词专讲专练
情态动词具有一定词义，不能单独作谓语，必须和动词原形连用一起构成谓语。

用来表示愿望、态度或推测等。

一、情态动词的情态意义表示法
考点一：can可表示现在或将来的能力，意为“能；会”。

can还可表示请求、允许，意为“可以”。

考点二：could 可表示过去的能力；当could 表示允许时，语气比can更加委婉和客气。

couldn’t意为“不能”。

考点三：may表示请求、允许，意为“可以”。

考点四：might表示允许时，语气比may更加委婉和客气。

考点五：must 表示义务、命令或必要，意为“必须”，强调主观看法。

mustn’t 表示“不允许；禁止”之意。

考点六：have to意为“不得不”，强调客观需要。

考点七：should 意为“应该”，既可以表示义务或责任，还可以表示劝告或建议。

其否定式为 shouldn’t，意为“不应该”。

考点八：had better do sth. 意为“最好做某事”，其否定式是在better后加not。

考点九：need表示“需要”，通常用于否定句或疑问句中。

【考例链接】
( )1. We need clean air and water, so we ______ protect the environment. A. can B. may
C. must
D. might
(2016辽宁大连) ( )2. —Hi, you ______walk on the grass.
—Sorry, I ______ do it again.
A. can’t; will
B. needn’t; won’t
C. mustn’t; won’t
(2016黑龙江齐齐哈尔) ( )3. —I’ve bought all the food for the party tonight.
—Thank you. Then I ______ go to the supermarket.
A. can’t
B. mustn’t
C. shouldn’t
D. needn’t
考点三：在回答由need 引起的一般疑问句时，肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn’t。

考点四：在回答由could(请求对方许可，表示委婉语气)引起的一般疑问句时，常用can / can’t回答。

在回答由can引起的表示请求的一般疑问句时，用can / can’t 回答。

【考例链接】
( )1. —Must we finish the work today?
—______. We have something else to do tomorrow.
A. Yes, we can
B. No, we can’t
C. Yes, we must
D. No, we needn’t
(2016重庆A卷) ( )2. —Excuse me, ______ I take the magazine out of the reading room?—Sorry, you can’t. Just here, please.
A. must
B. would
C. may
D. need
(2016江苏淮安) ( )3. —Could you go to the bookshop with me? I want to buy The Grass House by Cao Wenxuan.
—Sorry, I ______. I’ve promised Mom to go home right after school.
A. can’t 뢔뢠뢨뢪뢬뤨륆륦륨륪맬맮빌빎뺨뺪뺶뺾뻀뻂뼈컣룣駣룣
二、英语书面表达专项训练
2．假如你是李华, 你的美国笔友Bill给你发了一封电子邮件, 想了解你的梦想职业。

请认真阅读下面的邮件, 根据信中的内容和你的实际情况给他写封回信。

要求:1. 参考提示语, 可适当发挥；
2. 语句通顺, 意思连贯, 书写工整；
3. 文中不得出现你的任何真实信息（姓名、校名和地名等）；
4.词数: 不少于70词（开头已给出, 但不计入总词数）。

Dear Bill,
Thank you for your letter. I am glad to tell you about my dream job. ____________________
_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】例文Thank you for your letter. I am glad to tell you about my dream job. Teaching is my dream job because I would like to share my knowledge with my students and help them solve problems. I am outgoing and helpful. I get on well with children. Besides, the school's environment appeals to me and staying with students helps to keep me young and alive. To realize my dream, I have to make full use of spare time to acquire the essential knowledge and enter a good university. What efforts are you making for your dream?
Tell me about your ideal job!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本题通过描写梦想中的职业，让学生对未来有憧憬，给一部分提示词，让学生有话可说。

【详解】
首先回答职业是教师。

然后解释为什么喜欢该工作，因为可以把自己的知识分享给孩子们，并且喜欢学校的环境。

为了实现自己的梦想，正在为此作出努力。

最后向Bill提出问题，结束全文。

【点睛】
本文首先开篇功能句Thank you for your letter.然后开始主要内容，运用多种连接词，比如because，Besides，To realize my dream, 等使文章连贯性强，长短句结合，读起来朗朗上口，不失为一篇佳作。

3．初中生活即将结束，学校英语俱乐部特邀你写一篇英语短文,给七年级新生的学习生活提几点建议。

内容要点如下：
1. 初中科目更多，好的学习方法很重要；
2. 锻炼身体，保持健康；
3. 参加社团活动，使学校生活丰富；
4. 多读书，多交朋友；
5. 补充一两点个人想法。

注意：
1. 文中不得透露个人姓名和学校名称；
2. 词数：60－80；
3. 内容连贯，不要逐条翻译；
4. 短文的开头已给出，不计入总词数。

参考词汇：method n. 方法club n．社团colorful adj.丰富的
Welcome to our school!
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
【答案】I will graduate from my school. Therefore I’d like to share something with you. Firstly,because of many subjects in middle school, it is important for you to have your own study methods. In order to be better at study, you must do more exercise to keep healthy. Secondly, you can join in some club activities to make school life more colorful in your spare time. In other words, please keep balance between school life and study. In addition, it is a good choice to make more friends and read more books. At last, if you have problems in school life, please talk with your teachers or parents. They are always there waiting for you. I hope you will have a wonderful school life.
【解析】
试题分析：这是一篇给材料作文，自己即将毕业，给七年级新生的学习生活提几点建议。

结合所给的材料，可知本文主要考查一般现在时和一般将来时，以第一人称为主，要注意主谓一致，所写的句子要符合英语语法，用自己熟悉的单词和句式来写。

写作亮点：本文结构紧凑，开头两句很自然地过渡到正文上来。

用了短语和句式，如：graduate from毕业于；share sth with sb和某人分享某事；wait for等候等，用来一些过渡
词或短语，如：Firstly, Secondly,In other words, At last等，上下文衔接很自然。

4．假如你是李明，5月18日星期六这一天，你与几位同班同学一起参观了水上公园(Water Park)。

请根据下面的内容提示，写一篇日记。

(1)乘.坐大巴约一小时后到达目的地，游客多；
(2)上午划船，下午看了许多动物，例如…：
(3)碰到几位外国朋友并与他们交谈：
(4)看到了乱扔垃圾、插队等不良现象：
(5)你的感想…
参考词汇：.插队cut in line
要求：
(1)词数：80〜100个。

(2)短文的开头己给出，不计入总词数
(3)要点齐全，行文连贯，可适当发挥•
May 18, Saturday Fine Today I visited Water Park with several of my
classmates.______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________
【答案】May 18, Saturday Fine
Today I visited Water Park with several of mv classmates. It took us about an hour to get there by bus. When we arrived, there were a lot of visitors.
In the morning, we went boating and enjoyed ourselves. We saw many animals, such as pandas, giraffes and monkeys in the afternoon. They are so lovely. We met some foreign guests and talked with them happily. However, during our visit we saw some people throwing rubbish and cutting
in line.
In my opinion, it is our duty to protect the environment and follow the rules in public. And I hope changes will take place in the future.
【解析】
【详解】
这是一篇给材料作文，要求写参观日记。

动笔前应根据材料内容组织语言，列出简单提纲，确定句子的时态和关键单词等问题。

为了使语言更显亲切，在写作时主语用第一人称，时态以一般过去时为主。

同时注意时间状语与时态的搭配及主谓一致问题，适当使用连词，注意标点符号及大小写等问题，不要犯语法错误，做到语意连贯。

【点睛】
此类作文首先要做的就是认真阅读题目要求，结合所给材料确定内容，不能跑题偏题。

写作中注意一些基础的写作常识，不犯低级错误。

只要平时积累足够，就一定能获得满意的分数。

另外为了应对考试，可以有选择的背诵一些范文，这样应考时就会有法可依。

5．书面表达
初中就要毕业了，校报“英语角”栏目向同学们征集毕业晚会的计划。

假定你是李华，请根据要点写一封信，说说你的计划。

要求：1.要点完整，可适当发挥，使句子通顺，连贯; 2.正确使用语态，语法正确，书写整洁。

3.80词左右，开头结尾己给出，不计入总词数; 4.文中不得出现真实姓名和地名。

Dear editor,
I am very happy to have the chance to show my plan for the graduation party.
_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________
Best wishes,
Yours Lihua
【答案】Dear editor,
I'm very happy to have the chance to show my plan for the graduation ceremony. The ceremony will be held in our school hall at 7 o’clock on June 28th.I have planned three activities for it. First of all, we would like to invite our headmaster to make a speech and give us his best wishes for a
bright future. After that, every one give each other gifts and blessings. And then each class will give a wonderful performance. In the end, some pictures will be shown to share the happy time we have had together.
This is what we will do. I hope you will choose my plan.
Best wishes,
Yours,
Li hua
【解析】
【分析】
这篇书面表达主要是推荐自己的毕业晚会计划。

【详解】
这是一篇给材料作文，介绍毕业典礼活动计划。

结合所给材料，可知本文主要考查一般现在时和一般将来时，人称为第一，三人称，注意主谓一致问题，句子结构主要为系表结构和动宾结构，注意一些常见句式的应用写作中注意运用代词，注意多种句式交替运用。

写作中注意叙述顺序，符合逻辑关系。

6．Life is just like a mirror, you smile at it, and it smiles at you, too. 请你以“Learn to Smile”为题，根据下表所列的要点写一篇100词左右的文章（文章开头已给出）。

1、参考词汇：对某人微笑 smile at sb. 误解 misunderstand
2、短文必须包括所有内容要点，不要逐字翻译，可适当发挥，使短文连贯通顺。

Learn to Smile
I remember a song by Westlife, the first sentence of it is “Just a smile and the rain is gone.” Do you like smiling? I think you should learn to smile .
___________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________【答案】Learn to Smile
I remember a song by Westlife, the first sentence of it is “Just a smile and the rain is gone.”
Do you like smiling? I think you should learn to smile .
First, learn to smile at yourself when something unpleasant happens in your life. If you fail an exam or you are misunderstood by your friends, don’t be sad. Just smile at yourself . Smiling at yourself brings back your confidence . Sometimes the one who beats you is not others, but yourself. And smile can also keep you healthy.
Second, learn to smile at others. It will make you communicate better with people. Smiling at others makes yourself happy as well.
In a word, smile is a kind of language belonging to everyone. It passes love and friendship and helps shorten the distance between you and other people. Living with a smile ,every day will be shiny.
【解析】
这是一篇表格式的作文，要点是一表格的形式出现，首先要研究表格，找出需要表达的要点，然后加以整合，也可以适当增加使意思更连贯，但要点一定要全，不能漏掉。

写作时要注意遣词造句，不能受汉语的影响，要用地道的英语表达，注意时态，语态，单词拼写，语法等问题，用好简单句，适当用复杂句。

可以用一些高级词汇。

还要注意句子的关联。

7．书面表达
为感受母爱情深，弘扬知恩图报，某英语网站正在举办以"My Mother"为主题的征文活动，请根据下列思维导图所提供的信息，写一篇短文，介绍你的母亲和你之间的故事。

参考词汇：give much to…，It's my turn to…，try my best to…
提示：
1）短文内容须包括所给内容，含母亲曾为你所做的事和你将为母亲所做的事各一件，并阐述原因；
2）请注意短文结构层次、时态运用和卷面整洁度；
3）词数80个左右，短文开头已给出，不计入总词数；
4）文中不得出现学校和个人的相关信息。

My Mother
We need love．We also need to show love．The person I love most is my
mother．___．
【答案】My mother
We need love．We also need to show love．The person I love most is my mother．My mother is 41 years old．She is of medium build with long black hair．She is quiet．She is a history teacher in a middle school．She likes dancing．She can cook delicious food．
She did a lot for me when I was a child．She bought whatever I needed for my study，even though she didn't have much money．She sent me from piano lessons to dancing lessons at the weekend．She cooked delicious and healthy food for me．
When I grow up，I will do what I can to make my mother happy．I will find a good job after I graduate from college．I'll save money and buy beautiful clothes that make her look still young．I'll take her to wonderful sights around China．Most importantly，I will stay with her when I have free time．That's what she wants most，I think．
【解析】
【详解】
这是一篇给材料作文。

为感受母爱情深，弘扬知恩图报，要求以"My Mother"为主题写一篇短文介绍你的母亲和你之间的故事，参加某英语网站正在举办的征文活动。

在写作时，注意文章文体、人称和时态；注意连句成篇，保持文章的连贯性，要层次清楚，要点分明，中心突出。

同时要注意语言的表述应该符合语法的结构，造句应该符合英语的表达习惯；尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，最好不要写太长的复合句；尽量选取简单的易拼写的单词，确保正确率；词汇、句式要丰富多样，可以为文章增色添彩。

【点睛】
首先认真审题，看清题目中的要求和要点；然后根据提示内容，列出写作要点及每个要点中可能要用到的表达；然后紧扣要点，动笔写作，在写作过程中，要注意句与句、段与段之间的过渡，必要时可适当运用表示转折、因果、并列、比较等关系的连词，使文章过渡平稳，自然流畅；同时注意语句要通顺，词汇书写无误，不要出现语法错误。

最后要细心复核检查，确保正确无误。

8．假如你是李明，将参加今年暑期的澳大利亚悉尼新南威尔士语言学校的游学活动（study tour）, 该项目的负责人Mike给你发来了封电子邮件征询你对此次游学活动的想法和建议。

请阅读以下信息，并回复一封电子邮件。

注意事项：
1. 文章所写内容必须包括邮件中的问题所涉及的所有信息。

2. 文章要求语意通顺，条理清楚，书写规范，不能出现真实的姓名、校名等信息。

3. 文章词数在100词左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Sir/Madam,
I’m glad to receive your email and I have read it carefully. I have decided to live in
_______________
_______________________________________________________________________________ _____
_______________________________________________________________________________ _____
_______________________________________________________________________________ _____
_______________________________________________________________________________ _____
_______________________________________________________________________________ _____
I’m really looking forward to this study tour!
Many thanks,
Li Ming
【答案】例文：Dear Sir/Madam,
I’m glad to receive your email and I have read it carefully. I have decided to live in the Green family. The old couple have no children but two dogs, so they will have more time to communicate with me in English and I can play with their pets as well. Their flat is in the centre of Sydney, so it’s easy for me to go around. I can also use the Wi-fi to keep in touch with my parents. My family can afford the cost of 350 pounds.
I’m lucky to have a buddy during my stay at your school. I expect him/her to help me with my
problems in my study. I can chat with him/her in English to improve my speaking skills.
I love history so I want to visit some places of interest at the weekend. I’m also curious about the local food and I want to have a taste.
I’m really looking forward to this study tour!
Many thanks,
Li Ming
【解析】
【详解】
这是一篇应用作文，邮件内容要回答邮件中的三个问题，可分为三个段落进行回答。

好单词：
afford 负担得起
好短语：
communicate with 和……交流
as well 也
keep in touch with 与……保持联系
expect sb. to do sth. 期望某人做某事
help sb. with sth. 在某方面帮助某人
chat with 和……聊天
place of interest 名胜古迹
be curious about 对……感到好奇
have a taste 尝一尝
好句式：
Their flat is in the centre of Sydney, so it's easy for me to go around. 他们的公寓在悉尼市中心，所以对我来说，到处走走很容易。

（It is adj. for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是……，it是形式主语，不定式短语是真正的主语）
9．书面表达
一日之计在于晨。

同学们，沐浴在晨光中，行走在上学路上，当我们有充足的时间安排一天的学习生活时，你会发现每天早起一点点会给我们带来许多好处。

请你以“ It’s good to get up early”为题，写一篇90词左右短文。

要求：
1. 包含所给信息，并适当发挥。

2. 语句通顺，意思连贯，书写整洁。

3. 词数90词左右。

开头已给，不计入总词数。

It’s good to get up early
Getting up early is a good habit. It’s good for us in many ways.
______________________________________________________________________________【答案】It’s good to get up early
Getting up early is a g ood habit. It’s good for us in many ways. Firstly ,we can have enough time to plan a day better .Secondly,,doing exercise is good for our health .Also, breathing the fresh air is good to our bodies and our moods, and it can help remember important things easily. Thirdly, having breakfast can help protect our stomachs ,make us have good health ,and have more energy to do all kinds of things better.
In a word, the morning is the key of a day. Everyone should get up early every day.
【解析】
【详解】
本文是一篇话题作文。

要求以“ It’s good to get up early”为题，写一篇90词左右短文。

文章时态用一般现在时，人称主要为第一人称。

本文所给材料比较详细，考生要做的就是用正确的英语把这些内容表达出来。

动笔前要认真阅读材料，不可遗漏要点，并可适当发挥。

在写作时，注意紧扣主题，连句成篇，要层次清楚，要点分明，中心突出。

同时要注意语言的表述应该符合语法的结构，造句应该符合英语的表达习惯；尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，最好不要写太长的复合句；尽量选取简单的易拼写的单词，确保正确率；词汇、句式要丰富多样，可以为文章增色添彩。

最后要细心复核检查，确保正确无误。

【点睛】
点睛：首先认真审题，看清题目中的要求和要点；然后根据提示内容，列出写作要点及每个要点中可能要用到的表达；然后紧扣要点，动笔写作，在写作过程中，要注意句与句、段与段之间的过渡，必要时可适当运用表示转折、因果、并列、比较等关系的连词，使文章过渡平稳，自然流畅；最后，要仔细检查有无单词拼写错误、标点符号误用等，还要检查语法结构是否合理，有无重复、啰嗦的语言，大小写是否正确，词数是否符合要求等。