2021高考英语(全国版)一轮复习考点考法精练：语法知识贯通 定语从句 Word版含解析

专题七定语从句
题组1 限时模拟
A单句填空
1.[2020安徽皖南八校联考,61]In the morning, two artists,acting skills were wonderful, came to our school as planned.
2.[2020山西太原阶段性测评,70]There were sixty-six unprovoked(无端的)shark bite incidents around the world in 2018,only six of were dangerous, according to the ISAF.
3.[2020山东省实验中学第二次诊断,64]Still, when you start your journey of positive thinking, you shall meet wonderful new people, with you can share positive attitudes.
4.[2020广东惠州高三第二次调研,69]This famous scientist then remarked that it was at that moment that he knew he didn’t need to be afraid to make mistakes were actually opportunities for learning something new.
5.[2020广东六校联考,64]One of China’s six famous tea types is white tea,gets its name from its silver-white color.
6.[2020辽宁五校协作体联考,62]In China,a teahouse is a place people gather to enjoy tea,chat and socialize.
7.[2020江西南昌重点中学高三段考,67]Power walking uses both upper and lower body strength, results in stronger muscles and bones.
8.[2020陕西部分学校摸底检测,65]Researchers followed a group of people attended free weekly singing workshops for six months.
9.[2020四川绵阳第一次诊断性考试,62]It cannot cover all Li endured to reach the top of the tennis world.
10.[2020河南三门峡高三月考,41]It seems to be something in our blood makes us want to conquer (征服)things by climbing them.
11.[2020河南中原名校第三次质量考评,66]"The textbook focuses not only on basics of AI, but also on practical use of AI in daily life," said Chen Yukun, a professor at East China Normal University, is also a contributor to the book.
12.[2020湖南师大附中高三摸底考试,48]In a culture people function according to ritual,music is used to help govern them.
13.[2019河北邯郸九校高三第一次联考,66]What’s worse,to those spend too much time watching TV, it can be harmful to their eyesight and health.
14.[2019江苏无锡高三调研,48]"Ungelivable" is such a new English word coined on the Internet is forbidden to appear in official media or documents at present.
15.[2019江苏南通中学模考,11]There has been positive reaction to the proposal to help the disabled, the impact of will be lasting especially for the young.
16.[2019江苏启东中学高三检测,10]The Tang Dynasty is generally considered to be a golden chapter by people worldwide, the Chinese civilization influenced many neighboring countries.
B单句改错
17.[2020安徽示范高中名校联考]There are many different tea sets and almost all kinds of tea in his home,most of that I can’t name.
18.[2020河北保定高三上学期摸底测试]Nick,he is an autistic(自闭症的)boy,needs to be taken good care of.
19.[2020黑龙江哈尔滨第六中学期中]He was retelling a story from a book,what surprised Asimov.
20.[2020四川遂宁高三毕业班联考]Second, I often eat the food what is healthy and safe.
21.[2019广东六校第一次联考]Being afraid of expressing myself was one of the reasons that I rarely did well in school.
22.[2019广西百校高三大联考]We had planned to go to the West Lake when we could relax ourselves.
23.[2019黑龙江哈尔滨六中期中]And for any of you are seriously considering becoming volunteers,there are application forms on the table in front of the stage.
题组2 精选真题
A单句填空
1.[2019全国Ⅱ,62]Now Irene Astbury works from 9 am to 5 pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, she opened with her late husband Les.
2.[2019浙江6月,58] On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth gives off light in the dark.
3.[2019江苏,21]We have entered into an age dreams have the best chance of coming true.
4.[2019天津,11]Their child is at the stage she can say individual words but not full sentences.
5.[2018 全国Ⅰ,66]Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 showed
a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes.
6.[2018浙江6月,57]Many westerners come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap it can be to eat out.
7.[2018天津,2]Kate,sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia.
8.[2017乙卷(全国Ⅰ),70]Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both,is not good for the health.
9.[2017丙卷(全国Ⅲ),64]But Sarah,has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.
10.[2017江苏,28]In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme,one of purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.
11.[2017浙江11月,57]Like many things in life,it’s an ongoing process, and the best part of the process is that there’s enough room for improvement,means you’ll just keep getting better and better.
12.[2017浙江6月,64]Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring... and was spread over the garden, it remained until the carrot’s leafy top accidentally sprouted (生长) through it.
13.[2016乙卷(全国Ⅰ),65]But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s,
I was the first Western TV reporter...
14.[2016浙江6月,11]Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears, none of has been proved.
15.[2015重庆,14]He wrote many children’s books, nearly half of were published in the 1990s.
16.[2015陕西,15]As the smallest child of his family,Alex is always longing for the time he should be able to be independent.
17.[2015天津,15]The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere his employees enjoy their work.
B单句改错
18.[2019全国Ⅲ改错]In the cafe,customers will enjoy themselves in the historical environment what is created for them.
19.[2019全国Ⅰ改错]One afternoon where I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground.
20.[2018 全国Ⅰ改错]They also had a small pond which they raised fish.
21.[2017甲卷(全国Ⅱ)改错]In their spare time, they are interested in planting vegetables in their garden, that is on the rooftop of their house.
22.[2017丙卷(全国Ⅲ)改错]Around me in this picture are the things they were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments.
23.[2016四川改错]The dishes what I cooked were Mom’s favorite.
A专项语篇型填空(定语从句)
The following is part of the story that most of my fellow students show interest in, the title of1I don’t seem to remember.
Jane Platt, 2 travels to London because of a mysterious letter, is the only person 3 witnesses a murder at London Victoria station. The detective to 4 she gives her statement disappears. Jane goes to an office to answer the letter that she has received,5 she discovers that her uncle Gordon, who lives in South America, has sent her a small box and tells her to open it only at the time6 she is in real trouble. Jane,7 parents have never mentioned Gordon, is skeptical of the box,8 she gives to her friend Tony. They go to Scotland Yard and see Inspector Groves,who has not heard of the murder. Jane gives Groves the murdered man’s ticket found beside his body. Then Jane and Tony decide to go to Redhill,from 9 the murdered man came. On the train they meet a man,10says he knows Jane’s uncle Gordon.
B语法填空
[2020吉林长春高三质量监测]Since July 2019,China’s online food delivery platform Ele.me1 (carry)out a new service of picking up garbage from its users in Shanghai.
The service comes after2recently-released regulation on waste management in Shanghai. Individuals3 throw away their garbage without sorting it can be fined up to 200 yuan, while companies and4(organize) can face fines up to 5,000 yuan.
The trash requires residents to sort5(they)own garbage before it6(pick) up by workers from Ele.me, who will ensure the waste is put into the correct garbage bins.
It’s obvious that this service is7(convenience) for the old, especially for the disabled customers.8,many netizens don’t think Ele.me is providing a wonderful service, saying it just wants9(make) money. They think 12 yuan for an order is too much. Besides, many people doubt if these collectors will wash their hands after dealing10 the trash.
C短文改错
[2020四川成都高中毕业班摸底测试]One Saturday morning, I suddenly noticed my room was a completely mess, what really annoyed me. I realized too many useful things took up a lot of space.
So I decided to throw it away and do some cleaning. It took me a whole day get all the works done. Finally the room was tidy again and everything was in the order.
This was also true for life: we add more and more to our life, hoped to get a better life. But sometimes the more we add, the bad our life becomes. After all, sometimes less is more.
题组1限时模拟
A单句填空
1.whose空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为two artists,指人,且关系词在从句中作定语,故此处用whose 引导。

2.which分析句子结构可知,此处为"数词+of+关系词"引导的非限制性定语从句,且先行词为incidents,表示物,故填which。

3.whom分析句子结构可知,此处为"介词+关系代词"引导的定语从句,先行词为people,表示人,故填关系代词whom。

4.which/that空处引导定语从句,引导词在从句中作主语,且先行词为mistakes,指物,故此处要填which或that。

5.which分析句子结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词white tea,从句中缺少主语,故用which 来引导该从句。

6.where空处引导定语从句,先行词为a place,空处在从句中作地点状语,故填where。

7.which分析句子结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为前面整个主句,空处在从句中作主语,故填which。

8.who/that分析句子结构可知,此处引导限制性定语从句,先行词为people,指人,且从句中缺少主语,故填who 或that。

9.that此处引导定语从句,从句修饰不定代词all。

当先行词为不定代词时,定语从句的引导词只能用that。

10.that空处引导定语从句,先行词是不定代词something,关系词在从句中作主语,此时只能使用关系代词that,而不能用which。

11.who分析句子结构可知,此处是非限制性定语从句,先行词是Chen Yukun,指人,从句中缺少主语,故用关系代词who。

12.where句意:在这样一种文化中,人们根据礼节行事,音乐被用来帮助管理他们。

此处为定语从句,修饰先行词 culture,关系词在从句中作状语,再结合句意可知,此处表示抽象的地点,应填 where,相当于 in which。

13.who句意:更糟糕的是,对于那些花费大量时间看电视的人来说,这可能对他们的视力和健康有害。

分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句,先行词是those,在此处指人,且空处在定语从句中作主语,故填who。

14.as空处引导定语从句,并在从句中作主语,且先行词被such修饰,故用as引导定语从句。

15.which分析句子结构可知,此处为定语从句,先行词为positive reaction,指物,且关系词位于介词后,故此处应填which。

16.when句意:唐朝是世界人民普遍认为的黄金时期,在这一时期,中华文明影响了许多周边国家。

根据句意并分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句,先行词是golden chapter,空处在从句中作时间状语,故填when,相当于in which。

B单句改错
17.that→which逗号后为"介词+关系代词"引导的非限制性定语从句,介词后面不能用that,要用which或whom;此处定语从句的先行词为tea,指物,故将that改为which。

18.he→who分析句子结构可知,两个逗号之间为非限制性定语从句,Nick为先行词,关系词在定语从句中作主语,关系词用who,故将he改为who。

19.what→which分析句子结构可知,此处是非限制性定语从句,先行词为前面整个主句,关系词在从句中作主语,应用关系代词which,故将what改为which。

20.what→which/that句意:其次,我经常吃健康、安全的食物。

此处的food是先行词,指物,关系词在定语从句中作主语,故把what 改成which/that。

21.that→why句意:害怕表达自己的想法是我在学校很少表现好的原因之一。

先行词是reasons,关系词在定语从句中作原因状语,故将that改为why。

22.when→where句意:我们原本打算去西湖放松一下。

先行词是the West Lake,表示地点,关系词在定语从句中作地点状语,故将when改为where。

23.在第一个are前加who分析句子成分可知,you后应该是一个定语从句,从句缺少关系词,且关系词在从句中作主语,不能省略,先行词指人,故应在第一个are前加who。

题组2精选真题
A单句填空
1.which先行词是the pet shop,指物,非限制性定语从句中缺少宾语,故填which。

2.that/which分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句,先行词为a piece of cloth,指物,且定语从句中缺少主语,故填关系代词that/which。

3.when句意:我们已经进入了一个梦想最有可能实现的时代。

分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句,先行词为an age,空处在定语从句中充当时间状语,故用关系副词when。

4.where句意:他们的孩子处于一个会说个别词但不会说完整句子的阶段。

先行词stage意为"阶段",空处引导定语从句,在从句中作状语,此处表示抽象的地点,故用关系副词where。

5.that/which句意:该评论的两位作者2014年也发表了一项研究,该研究表明每天仅跑步5—10分钟就可以降低心脏病及各种原因导致的早亡的风险。

分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句,先行词是a study,指物,且定语从句中缺少主语,故填关系代词that或which。

6.who/that句意:许多来到中国的西方人一旦意识到在外面吃饭有多便宜,就会比在自己国家做饭少得多。

根据句意并分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句,先行词为Many westerners,关系词在从句中作主语,故填who 或 that。

7.whose句意:凯特去澳大利亚工作了。

读大学的时候我和她的姐姐合住一个房间。

从句子结构看,本空要用关系词引导定语从句,先行词为Kate,且关系词在从句中作定语,因此用whose引导这个定语从句。

8.which分析句子结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为前面整个主句,且关系词在从句中作主语,故填which。

9.who Sarah是主句主语,wants是主句谓语,由此可以判断空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为Sarah,指人,从句中缺主语,故填who。

10.whose此处指"世界粮食计划署的宗旨之一",先行词为the World Food Programme,空处在从句中作定语,因此填whose。

11.which句意:像生活中的许多事物一样,它(扩大词汇量)是个一直进行的过程,这个过程最好的部分在于有足够的进步空间,也就是说你将会变得越来越好。

根据句意及句子结构可知,此处为非限制性定语从句,先行词为"the best part of the process is that there’s enough room for improvement"这句话,空处作从句的主语,故填which。

12.where分析句子结构可知,空处在句中引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为the garden,关系词在从句中充当地点状语,故填where。

13.when分析句子结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为the mid-1980s,关系词在从句中作时间状语,故填关系副词when。

14.which句意:科学家已经提出了许多关于人类为什么会流泪的理论,其中没有一个得到了证明。

空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是many theories,关系词在定语从句中作of的宾语,应该填关系代词which,none of which共同构成从句的主语。

15.which句意:他写了许多儿童读物,几乎有一半的书是在二十世纪九十年代出版的。

分析句子结构可知,此处为"of+关系代词"引导的定语从句,先行词为children’s books,指物,故填which。

16.when句意:作为家里最小的那个孩子,亚历克斯一直渴望着自己能够独立的时刻。

根据句子结构来判断,此句中the time后面是一个定语从句,且空处在从句中作状语,表示时间,所以填关系副词when。

17.where句意:公司老板正在尽力营造一个员工们可以在其中快乐工作的轻松氛围。

空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词atmosphere,且在定语从句中作地点状语,故用关系副词where。

B单句改错
18.what→that/which句意:在咖啡馆里,顾客会在为他们创造的历史环境中过得很愉快。

分析句子结构可知,environment后是定语从句。

先行词为historical environment,指物,且关系词在从句中作主语,故将what 改为that/which。

19.where→when本句含有一个定语从句,先行词为One afternoon,关系词在从句中作时间状语,应用关系副词when。

故把where改为when。

20.which→where或在which前加in先行词是pond,关系词在从句中作地点状语,故应把which改为where 或在which前加in。

21.that→which此处是非限制性定语从句,关系词在从句中作主语,先行词为garden,所以用关系代词which 来引导该定语从句。

22.they→that/which things后面接了一个定语从句,先行词为things,关系词在从句中作主语,故关系词既可以用that也可以用which。

23.what→that/which或去掉what分析句子结构可知,此处为定语从句,先行词为The dishes,指物,且关系词在从句中作宾语,应用that或which引导该定语从句,作宾语的关系代词也可以省略。

A专项语篇型填空(定语从句)
本文讲述了一个扣人心弦的侦探故事的一部分。

1.which分析句子结构可知,这里是非限制性定语从句,关系词在从句中作of的宾语,指代前面的先行词story,故填which。

2.who这里关系词引导非限制性定语从句,关系词在从句中作主语,指代前面的Jane Platt,指人,因此用who 引导定语从句。

3.that关系词引导定语从句,并在从句中作主语,先行词为person,且先行词前有the only修饰,故用that引导这个定语从句。

4.whom定语从句使用了"give sth. to sb."结构,空前有介词to,因此这里关系词作to的宾语,指代先行词The detective,故填whom。

5.where这里是非限制性定语从句,先行词为an office,关系词在从句中作地点状语,故填where。

6.when这里是定语从句,修饰先行词the time,关系词在从句中作时间状语,因此用when引导定语从句。

7.whose此处是非限制性定语从句,先行词为Jane,关系词在从句中作定语,修饰parents,此处表示"简的父母",故填whose。

8.which此处是非限制性定语从句,先行词是the box,指物,关系词在从句中作give的宾语,故填which。

9.which此处是"介词+关系代词"引导的定语从句,先行词为Redhill,指物,关系词在从句中作from的宾语,故用from which引导定语从句。

10.who空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是a man,指人,关系词在从句中作主语,故填who。

B语法填空
外卖平台"饿了么"推出了代扔垃圾服务,人们对此项服务看法不一。

1.has carried根据时间状语Since July 2019可知,此处用现在完成时。

主语为第三人称单数,故填has carried。

2.a此处表示"一项最近发布的关于废物管理的规定",表示泛指,应用不定冠词,且recently的发音以辅音音素开头,故填a。

3.who/that分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词Individuals,指人,从句中缺少主语,故用who 或that引导该从句。

anizations空处与名词companies并列,表示不止一个组织,故此处用名词复数。

5.their根据句中的"residents"以及空后的"own garbage"可知,此处表示"他们自己的垃圾",应用their。

6.is picked此处描述的是客观情况,应用一般现在时;it与pick up之间构成被动关系,因此用一般现在时的被动语态;it为第三人称单数,故填is picked。

7.convenient该空在句中作表语,应用形容词。

8.However空前一句提到代扔垃圾服务的益处,下文提到很多网民不认可饿了么这项服务,故用However,表示转折。

9.to make want to do sth.为固定用法,表示"想要做某事"。

10.with此处考查动词短语deal with"处理"。

C短文改错
作者通过自己的经历阐述了一个生活哲理。

pletely→complete考查形容词。

mess是名词,其前应用形容词作修饰语。

2.what→which考查定语从句。

分析句子结构可知,此处引导非限制性定语从句,关系词在从句中作主语,先行词
无用的东西占据了许多空间"。

useless表示"无用的"。

4.it→them考查代词。

此处指代上文中的"things",为复数概念,故把it改为them。

5.day后加to考查动词不定式。

"it takes/took sb. some time to do sth."是固定句型,在此句型中it 作形式主语,真正的主语为后面的动词不定式。

6.works→work考查名词。

work此处意为"工作",是不可数名词,故把works改为work。

7.删除order前的the考查固定用法。

in order是固定用法,意为"有条理的"。

8.was→is考查时态。

此处描述客观事实,故用一般现在时。

9.hoped→hoping考查非谓语动词。

分析句子结构可知,hope与we在逻辑上是主谓关系,故用hope的现在分词形式作伴随状语。

10.bad→worse考查比较级。

句意:但是有时我们添加得越多,我们的生活就变得越糟糕。

"the +比较级...,the+比较级..."是固定句型,意为"越……越……"。