专题08 虚拟语气与情态动词(题型专练)-2019年高考英语热点题型和提分秘籍 Word版含解析

1．It is required by the rules that students ________ get grades not lower than 85 in any subject in order to get the scholarship.
A．will B．may
C．shall D．would
解析：选C。

考查情态动词。

句意：根据规定，学生如果想拿奖学金，任一单科成绩不得低于85分。

shall用于第三人称，在条约、规定、法令等文件中表示义务或规定，意为“应，必须”。

2．Visit the old man this afternoon？If you ________，make sure you wear sunscreens to protect your skin.
A．must B．can
C．may D．shall
解析：选A。

考查情态动词。

句意：今天下午去看望那个老人？如果你一定要去，请务必涂上防晒油以保护你的皮肤。

if you must(do sth.)(表示虽不赞同但可允许)如果你一定要(那么做)，故选must。

3．—Did you meet with the famous actress，Yang Mi?
—________I had come here earlier!
A．If only B．If not
C．But for D．For fear
4．—________it be Tom that stole the manager’s mobile phone?
—No.As far as I know，Tom is very honest.
A．May B．Can
C．Must D．Should
解析：选B。

考查情态动词表示推测的用法。

can可用于否定句或疑问句中表示推测；must表推测时一般用于肯定的陈述句中；may和should表推测时不用于疑问句中。

根据语境可知，B项正确。

句意：——有可能是Tom偷了经理的手机吗？——不可能。

就我所知，汤姆是非常诚实的。

5．—Why wasn’t John hired for the job ?
—I don’t know，but he________．
A．was B．had been
C．should have D．should have been
解析：选D。

考查情态动词。

上一句意为：为什么John没有被雇佣？下一句意为：我不知道，但是他……。

根据句意，选择D最为恰当，意为他本该会被雇佣，隐含意思为他并没有被雇佣，正好符合上一句句意。

6．He________ the job well，but he ________so careless.
A．had done；had been B．could do；was
C．could have done；was D．hadn’t done；had been
解析：选C。

句意：他本来能够做好那工作，但他太粗心了。

答题的关键在于抓住句中的but，but后面的句子是对过去事实的陈述，应用一般过去时；前面的句子则表示“本来能够……”，是对过去事情的推断，因此应用could have done。

7．—Are you absent from the meeting?
—Yes，who________it would rain!
A．has thought B．had thought
C．was thinking D．would have thought
解析：选D。

考查情态动词及虚拟语气的用法。

句意：——你没去开会？——没有，谁会想到天会下雨呢！
8．—Mr.Smith，can I hand in my composition tomorrow morning?
—Forget it.I’d rather you ________ it to me this afternoon.
A．can finish B．have finished
C．would finish D．finished
9．________more energy to my study instead of being crazy about Internet games，I would be sitting in a comfortable office now.
A．If I devoted B．Had I devoted
C．Would I be devoted D．Should I be devoted
解析：选B。

考查错综虚拟句。

此处主句用过去完成时，表示与过去的事实相反，如果省略if要用倒装句；从句用“would＋动词原形”的形式，表示与现在的事实相反。

10．But for the help of my English teacher，I ________ the first prize in the 2015 English Writing Competition.
A．would not win B．would not have won
C．would win D．would have won
解析：选B。

此处虚拟语气表示与过去事实相反，句子谓语动词用
would/should/could/might＋have done结构，根据句意要用否定含义，故选B。

本句的条件是由介词短语(but for)表达的。

11．It is a rule that public schools ________ provide adequate and safe sports facilities.
A．must B．will
C．shall D．can
解析：选C。

考查情态动词。

shall用于第三人称时，在条约、规定、法令等文件中表示义务或规定，意为“应，必须”。

12．It seemed that our nursery rhymes ________ some magic because all the nights I sang them for my daughter，she would listen to them with keen pleasure.
A．must have had B．should have had
C．could have had D．need have had
解析：选A。

考查情态动词。

句意：看来我们的儿歌一定有种魔力，因为每天晚上我为女儿唱时，她都听得津津有味。

must have done是对过去的事情的肯定推测，表示“肯定，一定”。

13．It sounds like a wonderful match.How I wish I________it like you.
A．watch B．have watched
C．would watch D．had watched
14．It’s suggested in the report that government expenses ________ to increase teachers’salaries in 2015.
A．be reduced B．were reduced
C．will be reduced D．do reduce
解析：选A。

考查虚拟语气。

句意：报告中有人建议2015年降低政府开支，提高教师工资。

suggest表示“建议”时，其名词性从句中的谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”，此处的reduce与government expenses之间存在动宾关系，故用被动语态。

15．He________better last night，but he was a little nervous and didn’t reach his best standard.
A．could perform B．must have performed
C．should perform D．could have performed
解析：选D。

考查虚拟语气。

含蓄条件句，but表转折，表示与过去事实相反，主句使用“情态动词＋have done”。

must have done表示对过去的肯定推测，could have done表示在
过去本来能做某事。

句意：他昨晚本来能表演得更好，但他有点紧张，未能发挥他最好的水平。

故选D。

16．Most of the big hotels were full at this time of the year，but finally we ________ find a room in a small guest house near the station.
A．ought to B．could
C．were able to D．might
解析：选C。

考查情态动词的基本用法。

句意：在每年的这个季节大部分旅馆都是满的，但我们最后还是在车站附近的一个小宾馆里找到了一个房间。

该情景展示的是“过去通过努力而做成了某事”的意思，而could“能够”，强调能力，没有此意义。

ought to“应该”，might “可以”，均不符合句意。

17．—I called you at 9 last night，but no one answered.
—Sorry，I ________ sleeping.I went to bed very early.
A．need have been B．would have been
C．must have been D．should have been
解析：选C。

根据答语中的“I went to bed very early”可知，此处为肯定推测，用must，表示问话人打电话时，答话人一定正在睡觉。

must have done表示过去肯定做了某事。

18．________ for the free vegetables，women workers would not have gone to the supermarket so often.
A．If it is not B．Were it not
C．Had it not been D．If they were not
19．—Where is Mick? I cannot find him anywhere.
—He ________ have been off long.I heard him make a call in the passage just now.
A．shouldn’t B．can’t
C．mustn’t D．needn’t
解析：选B。

句意：——Mick在哪里？我到处都找不到他。

——他不可能出去很久，刚才我还听到他在走廊里打电话。

用can’t have done表示对过去发生的事情的否定推测。

20．Frequent quarrels between my parents are nearly driving me crazy.If only I ________a warm and harmonious family!
A．have B．will have
C．had D．had had
解析：选C。

考查虚拟语气在特殊句式中的运用。

句意：父母之间频繁的吵架几乎让我
崩溃。

要是我有一个温暖和谐的家庭该多好啊！if only表示一个强烈的感叹“要是……就好了”，表示对现在愿望的虚拟，从句常用一般过去时。

故选C。

21．If we __________ a ticket earlier, we would be watching the film now.
A．have booked B．booked
C．book D．had booked
【答案】D
【解析】考查虚拟语气。

句意：如果我们早订了一张票，我们现在就会看这部电影。

此处是if引导的虚拟语气，与过去的事实相反，所以从句要用过去完成时态，故选D。

22．If I weren’t so tired, I __________ with you to the movie tonight.
A．will go B．would have gone
C．would go D．went
【答案】C
【解析】考查虚拟语气。

句意：如果我不那么累，我今晚就和你一起去看电影。

此处是if引导的虚拟语气，与现在的事实相反，从句用一般过去时态，从句用would+动词原形，故答案为C。

23．What a sunny day! How I wish I __________ on the beach enjoying the sunshine now!
A．were B．had been
C．would be D．should be
【答案】A
【解析】考查wish宾语从句中的虚拟语气。

句意：多么晴朗的一天啊！我多么希望我现在在海滩上享受阳光！wish后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气，此处与现在的事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时态，be动词，故选A。

24．—Did you enjoy your trip?
—Yes. But for your advice, we __________ our stay in London half as much.
A．didn’t enjoy B．hadn’t enjoyed
C．wouldn’t enjoy D．wouldn’t have enjoye d
【答案】D
25．Had he picked up some Sichuan dialect when he studied with his classmates from Sichuan, he with the old local villagers tomorrow.
A．spoke B．could speak
C．could have spoken D．will speak
【答案】B
【解析】考查虚拟语气。

句意：如果他在和来自四川的同学一起学习时学会了一些四川方言的话，明天他就能和当地的老村民进行交流了。

本句是错综时间条件句。

省略了if的从句用了过去完成时，表示与过去事实相反的情况；而根据主句中表示将来的时间状语tomorrow可知，主句表示与将来事实相反的情况，谓语动词应用would/could/might/should do。

故选B项。

26．If you had spoken to him last time you saw him, you what to do now.
A．knew B．had known
C．would know D．would have known
【答案】C
【解析】考查错综时间条件句的虚拟语气。

句意为如果你上次见他的时候和他交谈的话，你现在就知道该做什么了。

从句描述的情况与过去事实相反，而主句描述的情况与现在事实相反，因此要用would/ could/ might/ should do，所以C正确。

27．The boy might have drowned but for the fact that his father ___________ beside him on the deck at that time.
A．was standing B．stood
C．had stood D．would have stood
【答案】A
28．Had he taken his parent’s advice, he ______ having made such a silly mistake now.
A．would not regret B．would not have regretted
C．may not regret D．does not regret
【答案】A
【解析】考查虚拟语气。

句意：如果他接受了父母的建议，他现在就不会后悔自己犯了这样一个愚蠢的错误。

此处是省略if的虚拟语气，从句与过去事实相反，用过去完成时态；主句与现在事实相反，用would+动词原形，故选A。

29．You _______ how angry the boss was had you been here with us.
A．would see B．had seen
C．would have seen D．saw
【答案】C
【解析】考查虚拟语气。

句意：如果你和我们在这里，你会明白老板是多么的生气。

本句表示过去事实相反的虚拟语气，主句使用“情态动词+have done”,条件状语从句中使用过去完成时，如果省略if，要把had提前构成部分倒装。

故C项正确。

30．___________ what would happen the next day, they would have had second thoughts.
A．Were they to know B．Had they known
C．Should they know D．Did they know
【答案】B
【解析】考查省略if的虚拟语气。

句意：如果他们知道第二天会发生什么事，他们就会重新考虑。

此处是if引导的虚拟语气，与过去的事实相反，从句用过去完成时态，当if 省略时则把助动词had提到主语的前面，故答案为B。

31．The two boys had so much in common as if they _______________ brought up in the same family.
A．should be B．would be
C．have been D．had been
【答案】D
【解析】考查虚拟语气。

句意：这两个男孩有太多的相同点，就好像是在一个家庭长大的一样。

分析句子可知，这两个男孩不是在一个家庭长大，因而是假设的，结合语境可知，是对过去的假设，故用过去完成时，故选D。

32．She often shares sorrows and joys with her good friends through QQ, as if they
_______________ chatting in her living room.
A．had been B．are
C．were D．has been
【答案】C
33．________ he come tomorrow，I would let you know.
A．Would B．Should
C．Shall D．If
【答案】B
【解析】考查省略if的虚拟语气。

句意：如果他明天来,我会让你知道。

此处是if引导的虚拟语气，与将来的事实相反，从句用should+动词原形/were+to do/动词过去式，如果将
if/省略，则将should/were提到主语前面。

故选B。

34．— Did you expect Frank to come to the party? — No, but I had hoped .
A．him coming B．him to come
C．that he comes D．that he would come
【答案】D
【解析】考查虚拟语气。

句意：—你预料到Frank要来参加聚会吗？—没有。

但是我原本希望他要来的。

had hoped 后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气,通常谓语用“would + 动词原形”,表示过去未能实现的愿望。

如：He had hoped that he would do better in his work.他后悔没有把工作做得更好。

所以本题与之一致，要选D项。

35．The chairman requested that .
A．the members studied the problem more carefully
B．the problems were more carefully studied
C．the problems could be studied with more care
D．the members study the problem more carefully
【答案】D
【解析】考查宾语从句中的虚拟语气。

句意：主席要求委员们更仔细地研究这个问题。

在suggest, demand, request，require(要求)，order(命令),insist（坚持），advise（劝告）等动词之后的宾语从句中，谓语动词要用(should) do，同时还应注意语态。

故选D。

36．I wish I at my sister's wedding last Tuesday, but I was on a business trip in New York then.
A．would have been B．would be C．were D．had been
【答案】D
【解析】考查虚拟语气。

句意：我真希望上周二我参加了姐姐的婚礼，但那时我正在纽约出差。

wish后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气，如果指现在，则用一般过去时态；如果指过去的事情，则用过去完成时态。

结合句意此处指过去的事情，故答案为D。

37．I have often thought it would be a blessing if each human being _______ blind and deaf for a few days at some time in his life.
A．has been stricken B．were stricken C．had been D．would be
【答案】B
38．We should consider the students’ request _________ the school library _________ more books on popular science.
A．if; provide B．that; provides
C．that: provide D．how; provides
【答案】C
【解析】考查同位语从句。

句意：我们应该考虑学生请求学校图书馆提供学生更多的关于科普方面的书籍的要求。

根据名词request及后面完整的句子可知，该句是同位语从句，从句用来解释说明前面的名词request，所以需用连接词that，request后跟从句需用虚拟语气，（should）do 结构，这里should可以省略。

故选C。

39．—How lucky! The tourist stopped at the last moment..
—Indeed! One more step and he ________ off the cliff（悬崖）
A．would fall B．would have fallen C．may have fallen D．had fallen 【答案】B
【解析】考查虚拟语气。

本句是一个含蓄条件句，表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，使用“情态动词+have done”结构，这一结构中的情态动词不能使用may。

句意：—真幸运啊！在最后一刻，这位游客停下来了。

—的确。

再走一步，他就会摔下悬崖。

故B项正确。

40．He remembers everything of his childhood as if it ___________ just now.
A．was happening B．happens
C．happened D．has happened
【答案】C
【解析】考查虚拟语气。

句意：他记得童年的每件事情，就好像发生在刚才一样。

as if 好像，似乎，童年的事情不是刚刚发生，因而从句陈述的并非真实情况，为虚拟语气，结合主语remembers可知，as if是对现在的虚拟，故用一般过去时，选C。

41．Martin Luther King demanded that people of all races ________.
A．were equally treated B．should treat equally
C．be equally treated D．are giving equal rights
【答案】C
42．Though his face suggested that there________ nothing serious, the doctor still suggested he ________ in bed for a few days.
A．was, stay B．was, stayed
C．be, stayed D．be, stay
【答案】A
【解析】考查suggest用法。

suggest表示建议的时候，后面的句子使用虚拟语气：should do构成，should可以省略；当suggest表示暗示，说明的时候，后面使用陈述语气。

第一空前的suggest意为暗示，说明，所以使用陈述语气；第二空前的suggest意为建议，后面使用虚拟语气。

结合句意可知A正确。

句意：尽管他的脸表明没有什么严重的事情，但医生还是建议他卧床几天。

故选A。

43．The professor suggested the problem ________ at once.
A．referred to be solved B．referred to solving
C．referred to was solved D．referred to must be solved
【答案】A
【解析】考查过去分词和suggest的用法。

句意：教授建议所提到的那个问题应该马上予以解决。

the problem 和referred to 之间是被动关系，此处是过去分词做后置定语，相当于定语从句which had been referred to；suugest “建议” 接句子时用虚拟语气（should)+动词原形，其中should可以省略，再根据the problem 和solve之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态（should ）be solved。

故选A。

44．But for Miss Liu’s help, I have been admitted into Peking University.
A．wouldn’t B．shouldn’t C．could D．might
【答案】A
【解析】考查虚拟语气。

句意：要不是刘小姐的帮助，我就不会被北京大学录取了。

有时虚拟条件句不用if从句表示出来，而是用介词短语(otherwise, or, without, but for)、上下文或其它方式来表示，这种情况下，主句与过去事实相反要用should /would /could /might have done。

根据句意可知，所以要用wouldn’t have been admitted to…，故选A。

45．Last night, I to be fully absorbed in my work, but found myself disturbed by noises from my neighbour upstairs.
A．had intended B．were intended C．intended D．had been intended 【答案】A。