人教版(浙江)新高三词汇复习英语写作练习25

高考词汇
deed [diːd] n. 行为；事迹 a brave/charitable/evil deed 勇敢的行为；善举；恶行deep [diːp] a. 深ad. 深；深厚be deep in thought陷入深思
give a deep sigh 深深地叹了一口气deeply shocked 大为震惊
deer [dɪə(r)] n. 鹿
defeat [dɪˈfiːt] vt. 击败；战胜suffer defeat 遭受失败admit defeat 认输face defeat 面临失败
defence (美defense) [di'fens] n. & v. 防御；防务protection in defence of 保卫defend [dɪˈfend] vt. 防守；保卫defend against/from 防卫，保卫；抵抗
degree [dɪˈɡriː] n. 程度；度数；学位to a certain degree 在某种程度上bachelor degree 学士学位
delay [dɪˈleɪ] v.& n. 拖延，延误，延迟，延期；耽搁postpone, put off
without delay 立即；毫不迟延地
delete [dɪˈliːt] v. 删去delete from 删除；从…上删掉
deliberately [dɪˈlɪbərətlɪ] ad.故意,蓄意,存心intentionally, purposely
delicate [ˈdelɪkət] a.易损的，易碎的fragile
delicious [dɪˈlɪʃəs] a. 美味的，可口的tasty
delight [dɪˈlaɪt] n. 快乐；乐事joy, cheerfulness, pleasure
take delight in 乐于with/in delight 欣然
to one’s delight 令某人开心的是
delighted [di'laitid] a. 高兴的，快乐的pleased, glad, joyful, cheerful, merry exclaim delightedly高兴地大喊起来
deliver [dɪˈlɪvə(r)] vt. 投递（信件，邮包等）send
deliver a lecture/speech 做演讲be delivered of a baby=give birth to a baby 生孩子demand [dɪˈmɑːnd; (US) dɪˈmænd] vt. 要求require, desire, need, call for
in great demand 需要量很大satisfy one’s demand 满足某人的需求demanding 苛刻的,要求高的,苛求; 过分要求的
dentist [ˈdentɪst] n. 牙科医生see a dentist=go to the dentist
department(缩Dept.) [dɪˈpɑːtmənt] n. 部门；（机关的）司，处；（大学的）系department store 百货公司division
departure [dɪˈpɑːtʃə(r)] n. 离开，启程His sudden departure threw the office into chaos. 他的突然离去使这个部门陷入一片混乱。

depend [dɪˈpend] vi. 依靠，依赖，指望；取决于depend on 取决于；依赖；依靠=rely on=count on it depends. 看情况
deposit [dɪˈpɔzɪt] v. / n. 订金，押金，放下，放置，储存down
depth [depθ] n. 深，深度in depth 深度
describe [dɪˈskraɪb] vt. 描写，叙述
description [dɪˈskrɪpʃ(ə)n] n. 描述，描写beyond description 无法形容，难以形容vivid description 生动的描述give a detailed/full description of 详尽的描述desert [dɪˈzɜːt] n. 沙漠vt. 舍弃；遗弃abandon, throw away, quit
deserve [dɪˈzɜːv] v.（不用于进行时态）应得，应受deserve a rest/break/holiday We deserve a rest after all that hard work. 辛苦了那么久，我们应该休息一下了. The report deserves careful consideration. 这报告应该给予认真考虑.
design [dɪˈzaɪn] n.& vt. n. 设计，策划图案，图样，样式by design=on purpose be designed to= be aimed to do=be intended to do=be aimed at 目的是
desire [dɪˈzaɪə(r)] vt. & n. 要求；期望desire to do 渴望做某事
have a desire for sth渴望某事grow an intense desire to do 萌生做某事强烈的愿望desired adj. desired result预期的结果
an overwhelming/burning desire强烈/热切的渴望
be eager to do=be desperate to do=be dying to do=be hungry to do= be anxious to do =be thirsty to do= long to do=starve to do =be keen to do(on sth)---热衷于，渴望desk [desk] n. 书桌，写字台
desperate [ˈdespərət] a.（因绝望而）不惜冒险的，不顾一切的，拼命的
be in desperate need of急需= badly need=starve for recruit v. 招募
He took a deep breath, desperately trying to keep calm. 他深深地吸了口气，竭尽全力保持镇定。

She clung to the edge in a desperate attempt to save herself. 为了活命，她拼命抓住边缘。

dessert [dɪˈzɜːt] n. 甜点
destination [destɪˈneɪʃ(ə)n] n.目的地，终点
tourist destination 旅游目的地；旅游景点（tourist attraction, scenic spots）destroy [dɪˈstrɔɪ] vt. 破坏，毁坏destruction
detective [dɪˈtektɪv] n. 侦探
determine [dɪˈtɜːmɪn] vt. 决定；决心determining/decisive factors 决定因素determine to do=decide to do=make up one’s mind to do
develop [dɪˈveləp] v. （使）发展；（使）发达；（使）发育；开发vt. 冲洗（照片）strive to develop 努力发展；大力发展develop a habit 养成习惯development [dɪˈveləpmənt] n. 发展，发达，发育，开发growth, advance
devote [dɪˈvəʊt] vt. 把…奉献, 把…专用（于）devote oneself to=commit oneself to devotion [dɪˈvəʊʃ(ə)n] n. 奉献，奉献精神commitment, dedication, loyalty diagram [ˈdaɪəɡræm] n. 图表，图样chart, graph
dial [ˈdaɪ(ə)l] vt. 拨（电话号码）ring, contact
dialogue (美dialog) [ˈdaɪəlɔɡ; (US) ˈdaɪəlɔːɡ] n. 对话conversation
diamond [ˈdaɪəmənd] n. 钻石，金刚石；纸牌中的方块diamond earrings 钻石耳环The lights shone like diamonds. 灯光像钻石一样闪闪发亮
diary [ˈdaɪərɪ] n. 日记；日记簿keep one's diary 记日记journal
dictation [dɪkˈteɪʃ(ə)n] n. 听写
dictionary [ˈdɪkʃənərɪ; (US) ˈdɪkʃənerɪ] n. 词典，字典
die [daɪ] v. 死be dying for sth/to do sth渴望做某事die out 灭绝；消失
die off 相继死亡die out 消失，灭绝die of/from... 死于
die down逐渐变弱；逐渐平息die away(声音、风或光)逐渐减弱；逐渐模糊diet [daɪ] n. 饮食go on a diet 节食
maintain a balanced diet 保持营养均衡的饮食
differ [ˈdɪfə(r)] v. 相异，有区别differ from 与…不同；区别于…
beg to differ 恕不同意They hold differing views. 他们持有不同的观点。

Medical opinion differs as to how to treat the disease. 关于如何治疗这种疾病医学界有不同的看法。

difference [ˈdɪfrəns] n. 不同make a difference 有影响，有关系
tell the difference区分=distinguish different [ˈdɪfrənt] a. 不同的，有差异的different from 与…不同
difficult [ˈdɪfɪkəlt] a.难；艰难；不易相处hard, challenging, demanding, tough difficulty [ˈdɪfɪkəltɪ] n. 困难，费力run into difficulties遇到了难题
with difficulty 困难地；吃力地without difficulty 容易地；毫不费力地
dig (dug, dug) [dɪɡ] v. 挖（洞沟）,掘dig a hole 挖个洞
digest [dɪˈdʒest, daɪˈdʒest]v.消化, 领会absorb
digital [ˈdɪdʒɪt(ə)l] a. .数字的，数码的
dignity [ˈdɪɡnɪtɪ] n. 庄重，庄严，尊严。

尊贵，高尚without dignity 失去尊严dilemma [daɪˈlemə] n. （进退两难的）窘境，困境in a dilemma进退两难，左右为难dimension [dɪˈmenʃ(ə)n] n.量度，尺寸，面积，程度，范围measurement, size
in dimension 在尺寸上
dinner [ˈdɪnə(r)] n. 正餐，宴会supper farewell dinner 送别宴dinosaur [ˈdaɪnəsɔː(r)] n. 恐龙
dioxide [daɪˈɔksaɪd] n.二氧化物
dip [dɪp] vt. 浸，蘸；把…放入又取出
diploma [dɪˈpləʊmə] n.毕业文凭；学位证书certificate
direct [dɪˈrekt, daɪˈrekt] a. / vt. 直接的；直达的；直截了当的指挥；指导；监督；管理；指挥（演奏）；导演（电影）immediate instruct, supervise, guide direction [dɪˈrekʃ(ə)n, daɪˈrekʃ(ə)n] n. 方向；方位in all directions 四面八方orientation, guidance, aspect, tendency, instruction
director [dɪˈrektə(r)] n. 所长，处长，主任；董事；导演
directory [dɪˈrektərɪ] n. 姓名地址录content, list, catalogue
dirty [ˈdɜːtɪ] a. 脏的
disability [dɪsəˈbɪlɪtɪ] n.. 残疾；无能drawback
disabled [dɪsˈeɪb(ə)ld] a. 残废的，残疾的handicapped
disadvantage [dɪsədˈvɑːntɪdʒ] n. 不利条件；弱点at a disadvantage某人处于不利地位the advantages outweigh the disadvantages利大于弊
disagree [dɪsəˈɡriː] vi. 意见不一致，持不同意见disapprove
disagreement [dɪsəˈɡriːmənt] n. 意见不一致；相违；争论controversy
be in disagreement 不一致
disappear [dɪsəˈpɪə(r)] vi. 消失vanish away
Lisa watched until the train disappeared from view莉萨一直看着火车从视线中消失disappoint [dɪsəˈpɔɪnt]vt. 使失望let...down
disappointed [ ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntɪd ] adj. 失望的，沮丧的；受挫折的depressed, frustrated disaster [dɪˈzɑːstə(r); (US) dɪzˈæstər] n. 灾难；祸患catastrophe
discount [ˈdɪskaʊnt] n. 折扣at a discount 打折扣
discourage [dɪˈskʌrɪdʒ] vt. （使）气馁；打消（做…的念头）
discover [dɪˈskʌvə(r)] vt. 发现detect, spot
discovery [dɪˈskʌvərɪ] n. 发现detection
discrimination [dɪskrɪmɪˈneɪʃ(ə)n] n. 歧视distinction, differentiation
discuss [dɪsˈkʌs] vt. 讨论，议论negotiate, debate, argue
discuss with 商洽；与…谈论
discussion [dɪsˈkʌʃ(ə)n] n. 讨论，辩论under discussion 正在讨论中
disease [dɪˈziːz] n. 病，疾病illness, sickness
disgusting [dɪsˈɡʌstɪŋ] a.极糟的，令人不快的，令人厌恶的terrible
dish [dɪʃ] n. 盘，碟；盘装菜；盘形物do the dishes 洗餐具
disk =disc [dɪsk] n. 磁盘
dislike [dɪsˈlaɪk] vt. 不喜爱；厌恶=hate take a dislike to 讨厌，不喜欢
dismiss [dɪsˈmɪs] vt. 让……离开；遣散；解散；解雇fire, lay off, kick out distance [ˈdɪstəns] n. 距离in the distance 在远处
keep sb at a distance 对…冷淡；同…疏远
distant [ˈdɪst(ə)nt] a. 远的，遥远的remote, faraway
The mountains rolled away to a distant horizon. 群山绵延至遥远的天边distinction [dɪˈstɪŋkʃ(ə)n] n.差别,区别,优秀,卓越make a distinction 区别distinguish [dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃ] v. 区分，辨别，分清differentiate, make out, tell apart distribute [dɪˈstrɪbjuːt] v. 分发，分配distribute food 发放食品
district [ˈdɪstrɪkt] n. 区；地区；区域area, zone, region
disturb [dɪˈstɜːb] vt. 扰乱；打扰bother, interrupt
disturbing [dɪˈstɜːbɪŋ] a. 令人不安的，引起恐慌的worrisome, upset
dive [daɪv] vi. 跳水diverse [daɪˈvɜːs] v. 不同的，多种多样，形形色色的different, various divide [dɪˈvaɪd] vt. 分，划分divide into 把……分成
division [dɪˈvɪʒ(ə)n] n. （算术用语）除
词汇检测：
n. 行为；事迹________________
a. 深ad. 深；深厚________________
n. 鹿________________
vt. 击败；战胜________________
n. & v. 防御；防务________________
vt. 防守；保卫________________
n. 程度；度数；学位________________
v.& n. 拖延，延误，延迟，延期；耽搁________________
v. 删去________________
ad.故意,蓄意,存心________________
a.易损的，易碎的________________
a. 美味的，可口的________________
n. 快乐；乐事________________
a. 高兴的，快乐的________________
vt. 投递（信件，邮包等）________________
vt. 要求________________
n. 牙科医生________________
n. 部门；（机关的）司，处；（大学的）系________________ n. 离开，启程________________
vi. 依靠，依赖，指望；取决于________________
v. / n. 订金，押金，放下，放置，储存________________
n. 深，深度________________
vt. 描写，叙述________________
n. 描述，描写________________
n. 沙漠vt. 舍弃；遗弃________________
v.（不用于进行时态）应得，应受________________
n.& vt. n. 设计，策划图案，图样，样式________________ vt. & n. 要求；期望________________n. 书桌，写字台________________
a.（因绝望而）不惜冒险的，不顾一切的，拼命的________________
n. 甜点________________
n.目的地，终点________________
n. 侦探________________
vt. 决定；决心________________
v. （使）发展；（使）发达；（使）发育；开发vt. 冲洗（照片）________________ n. 发展，发达，发育，开发________________
vt. 把…奉献, 把…专用（于）________________
n. 奉献，奉献精神________________
vt. 拨（电话号码）________________
n. 对话________________
n. 钻石，金刚石；纸牌中的方块________________
n. 日记；日记簿________________
n. 词典，字典________________
v. 死________________
n. 饮食________________
v. 相异，有区别________________
n. 不同________________
a. 不同的，有差异的________________
a.难；艰难；不易相处________________
n. 困难，费力________________
v. 挖（洞沟）,掘________________
v.消化, 领会________________
a. .数字的，数码的________________
n. 庄重，庄严，尊严。

尊贵，高尚________________
n. （进退两难的）窘境，困境________________
n. 正餐，宴会________________
vt. 浸，蘸；把…放入又取出________________
n.毕业文凭；学位证书________________
a. / vt. 直接的；直达的；直截了当的指挥；指导；监督；管理；指挥（演奏）；导演（电影）________________
n. 方向；方位________________
n. 所长，处长，主任；董事；导演________________
a. 脏的________________
n.. 残疾；无能________________
a. 残废的，残疾的________________
n. 不利条件；弱点________________
vi. 意见不一致，持不同意见________________
n. 意见不一致；相违；争论________________
vi. 消失________________
vt. 使失望________________
adj. 失望的，沮丧的；受挫折的________________
n. 灾难；祸患________________
n. 折扣________________
vt. （使）气馁；打消（做…的念头）________________
vt. 发现________________
n. 发现________________
vt. 讨论，议论________________
n. 讨论，辩论________________
n. 病，疾病________________
a.极糟的，令人不快的，令人厌恶的________________
n. 盘，碟；盘装菜；盘形物________________
n. 磁盘________________
vt. 不喜爱；厌恶________________
vt. 让……离开；遣散；解散；解雇________________
n. 距离________________
a. 远的，遥远的________________
n.差别,区别,优秀,卓越________________
v. 区分，辨别，分清________________ v. 分发，分配________________
n. 区；地区；区域________________
vt. 扰乱；打扰________________
a. 令人不安的，引起恐慌的________________
vi. 跳水________________
v. 不同的，多种多样，形形色色的________________ vt. 分，划分________________
division n. ________________
diagram n. ________________
dictation n. ________________
dimension n. ________________
dinosaur n. ________________
dioxide n. ________________
directory n. ________________
discrimination n. ________________
Artificial intelligence, or AI, no longer simply exists in science fiction movies and books. From the iPhone personal assistant Siri, to doing searches on the Internet, to the autopilot function, simple artificial intelligence, or AI, has been around for some time, but is quickly getting more complex and more intelligent.
Many present-day jobs that are labor intensive, or require data analysis, such as in the financial industry, will be replaced by machines with artificial intelligence.
“We won’t have mass employment in manufacturing or in financial services. The kinds of scenes where there is a giant factory or a giant office building with thousands of people doing the same thi ng will go away,” said computer science professor Stuart Russell.
Artificial intelligence is also transforming the health care industry. AI can process huge amounts of data and have the most up-to-date research to help doctors diagnose and treat patien ts. IBM’s Watson technology is already in hospitals in North and South America, Europe and Asia. AI will change the economy and the current way of our life.
But there is also a dangerous side of artificial intelligence-autonomous weapons out of drone（死人机）technology. The risk with autonomous weapons is that people will Jse them as a kind of poor man s weapon of mass destruction-a poor man s nuclear weapon. Rhus, the international community needs to create treaties to ban autonomous weapons. “It is a rac e against time because the weapons are starting to emerge, the research is moving into development, development is moving into production,” Russell said.
While it is up for debate whether artificial intelligence will hurt or benefit mankind, researchers say it is a fact that the technology is and will continue to transform many aspects of life. If we are going to make systems that are going to be more intelligent than us, it’s absolutely essential for us to understand how to guarantee that they only d o things that we are happy with,” Russell said.
写作步骤：
步骤一、浏览全文，抓住短文大意，分析体裁特点
首先，应通读短文，理解短文大意，掌握短文的基本结构。

本文是科普说明文，分为六个段落，介绍了人工智能的时代的到来，正反分析人工智能应用的利弊，并对人工智能的未来形态进行展望。

[技巧点拨]正反议论模式(positive-negative pattern)有以下常用句式：
①物对社会／生活的影响：
arouse wide public concern引起了公众的广泛公众关注
raise a storm of debates 引发一场辩论风暴
a controversial issue 有争议性的问题
②正面影响或积极观点：remarkable/steady growth显著提高／稳步增长
③负面影响或对立观点：financial/psychological burden经济／心理负担be sacrificed to make way for...牺牲……来实现……④综合评价或客观结论：we should adopt a positive philosophy that... 我们应该采用一种积极的观点……常用句式：(1) ...is a double-edge sword. (2) This research/phenomenon arouses different voices/a widespread concern (3) on the one hand- - ,on the other hand-*-; on the contrary (4) on balance
步骤二、再次快读，明确段落主旨，画出思维导图
读段落，找出每段的主旨，短文的结构就非常清晰，这是概要写作的重要前提。

然后画出思维导图，不难看出第二段是论点，第三、四段是论据（可略去不必要的细节），全文结构“总—)分—》总”，一目了然。

每段的主旨：
para.l: is being applied to many fields
Para.2: will replace many jobs
Para.3: will lessen employment
Para.4: is transforming the health care industry
Para.5: is being used for autonomous weapons
para.6: should be guaranteed to be beneficial
[技巧点拨]要学会画思维导图，因为清晰的框架流程有助于保证要点表达的独立性和完整性，有助于分析各段的衔接关系从而保证上下文的连贯性。

步骤三、最后细读，定位概写要点，画出关键词旬
进一步细读段落，找出每个段落主旨下的关键词和主题句。

学会区别段落中的main ideas, supporting ideas, examples及additional information。

画出正确的关键词和主题句是概要写作最重要的内容和依据。

各段的要点分析如下
（下画双线的句子为主题句，下画单线为次要点，加边框的词为表示总起、转折、过渡、总结等功能的连接性词汇和过渡性词汇）：
步骤四、转换表达，整合要点成句，初步连句成篇
此步骤要求把每个段落的关键词和主题句有机整合成通顺的句子，在核心信息的基础上对原文的语言表达形式实施“整形手术”，以达到旧貌换新颜的目的，原则上字数不能超过原句，不改变原文的逻辑结构。

此步骤最能反映写作者词汇的丰富性和语法的基本功。

（一）整合成句
要点1：第一段主题句和第六段关键词整合成一句，使全文结构更紧凑，观点更明确。

此句使用让步状语从句。

文本原句：AI is around for some time and getting more complex and more intelligentl, but2 there is debate whether artificial intelligence will hurt or benefit mankind
转换表达一）While AI brings great convenience to humans, the development of artificial intelligence also brings us dangers.
要点2：第二段主题句和第三、四段关键词整合成一句，但第三、四段关键词是例子和重．复信息，可省略和削减。

此句使用relieves sb. from- - -简明扼要。

文本原句：Many present-day jobs that are labor intensive, or require data analysis will be replaced by machines with artificial intelligence.
转换表达It relieves us from intensive labor and data analysis.
要点3：第五段主题句和关键词risk可整合成一句。

此句使用put... at the risk of...即“使……处于……危险之中”精确简练。

文本原句：But there is also a dangerous side of artificial intelligence-autonomous weapons isa riskl.
转换表达It may put us at the risk of autonomous weapons.
要点4：第六段主题句和关键词is and will continue to transform many aspects of life整合成一句。

此句使用让步状语从句、主语从句和宾语从句。

文本原句：Though AI is and will continue to transform many aspects of life, it’s absolutely essential for us to understand how to guarantee that they only do things that we are happy with.
转换表达一）No matter what impact it will have on human society, what we need to do is to guarantee that AI only does things that benefit.
（二）连句成篇
把句子整合成篇章，应按行文逻辑进行写作，可以打破段落主旨的前后关系，尽量把多个句子的信息整合在一个句子当中。

整合过程中应使用多种语言结构和句型，避免照抄原文。

形成概要初稿如下：
While AI brings great convenience to humans, the development of artificial intelligence also brings us dangers. It relieves us from intensive labor and data analysis. It may put us at the risk of autonomous weapons. No matter what impact it will have on human society, what we need to do is to guarantee that AI only does things that benefit.
步骤五、优化语言，注重全文连贯，誊写工整规范
从词汇应用和语法结构的丰富性和准确性以及上下文的连贯性等几个角度考虑，结合本文文体特点，使用on the one hand．。

‘，on the other hand…和but anyway 进行有效衔接，填补逻辑鸿沟( logical gap)，使要点更加紧凑，全文行文通畅，一气呵成。

同时注意词数要求(65 词)，形成概要终稿如下：
While bringing great convenience to humans, the development of artificial intelligence also brings us dangers.(要点l)lt relieves us from intensive labor and data analysis.(要点2)On the other hand, it may put us at the risk of autonomous weapon.(要点3)But anyway no matter what impact it will have on human society, what we need to do is to guarantee that AI only does things that benefit.
（要点4）
总之，此类对比观点文章的基本结构是：
L，提出某问题有两种不同观点；
2．讨论第一个观点；
3．讨论相反的观点；
4．最后给出自己的看法。

我们可以形成以下模式：
While bringing（好处），（主题）also brings us dangers./主题），which is considered as both o blessing and真cr curse.（要点1）On one hand，it relieves us from（好处）．（要点2）On the other hand, it may put us at the risk of c坏处）．（要点3）What we need to do is guarantee that（陈述对象）only does things that benefit.（要点4）
The Year of the Dog began on Feb. 16, 2018 according to the Chinese lunar calendar. Though dogs 56 ( see) as companions and part of the family today, China and Western countries do not have the same cultural 57 ( believe) about dogs.
In Chinese, some words 58 (concern) dogs don’t have very good meanings, such as “No ivory can come out of a dog’s mouth”. But in English, the situation is 59 ( differ).“Every dog has his day”describes a person with a period of good fortune and “work like a dog” is used 60 ( describe) a hard worker.
The dog-human relationship goes right 61 to the beginning of Western civilization, and the friendship between humans and dogs was a common subject for artists.
_62 fact, people were close to dogs in a way they weren’t close to cows, pigs or even horses. Farmers worked 63 ( close) with dogs. But even after science came to agriculture and dogs lost 64 ( they) traditional roles, the relationship between man and dogs remained.
Nowadays in the West, millions of people keep dogs as pets. People feed them, take them on holidays 65 look after them. In return, dogs are loyal in a way that friends sometimes aren’t. This loyalty is the origin of the English saying, “A dog is man’s best friend.”
Keys: are seen, belief, concerning, different, to describe, back, in, closely, their, and。