被动语态说课讲解

一、被动语态
一、主动语态和被动语态
在英语中，动词有两种语态，即主动语态（The Active V oice）和被动语态（The Passive V oice）。

主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。

被动语态+构成：be+dore.注：谓语动词必须是及物动词，其执行者可由by引出，“被，由”往往放在句末，如不强调动作的执行者时可省略。

Many people speak English.(主动语态) 许多人讲英语。

English is spoken by many people.(被动语态)英语被许多人讲。

二、各种时态的被动语态形式归纳。

一般时态进行时态完成时态现在am(is, are)+done am(is, are)+being done has（have）+been done
过去was(were)+done was(were)+being done Had been done
将来shall(will)+ be done shall(will)+have been
done
过去将来should(would)+be
done
should(would)+have
been done
含有情
态动词
can/should/must/could/may be done
主动语态变被动语态的方法：将主动句的宾语变成主语，将主动句的谓语变成被动式“be+及物动词的过去分词”，主动句的主语变成被动句中by的宾语（或省略）。

看下面表格：
①如果主动句中有两个宾语（直接宾语和间接宾语），可以把其中一个变成被动句的主语。

注：如果将直接宾语变为被动句的主语，那么保留下来的间接宾语前需添加介词to或for.
My teacher gives me a lot of books.(主动语态)我的老师给我许多书。

主语谓语间宾直宾
被动语态：I am given a lot of books by my teacher.
被动语态：A lot of books are given to me by my teacher.
②有些不及物动词加介词构成及物动词短语，如果变被动语态，不能把动词后的介词丢掉。

He looks after his younger sister. →His younger sister is looked after by him. 他照看他妹妹。

③在主动语态中，在make, let, hear, see, watch, notice等词后跟省略to的动词不定式，但在被动语态中，to要还原。

We saw a stranger enter the hall. →A stranger was seen to enter the hall by us.
我们看到一个陌生人进入了大厅。

四、主动结构表被动意义
1.open, lock, write, read, sell, clean, wash, cut, burn, drive等词做不及物动词时，它们的主语为物，可用主动语态表被动意义。

如：
This kind of pen writes very smoothly. 这种钢笔写起来很流畅。

This kind of shirt sells well here. 这种样式的衬衫在这卖得很好。

2.look，sound，taste，smell，feel等系动词用主动结构表被动意义。

如
Uniforms look ugly on us．我们穿着制服很难看。

Moon cakes taste delicious．月饼尝起来很好吃。

3.动词need，require，want，deserve等后接v．-ing的主动结构表示被动意义。

The car needs cleaning.这辆汽车需要清洗了。

4．“want／need／require+doing”相当于“want／need／require+to be done”.to be done表示不定式的被动结构。

如：
My bike needs repairing．=My bike needs to be repaired．我的自行车需要修理。

5.在be worth doing中，doing表被动意义。

如：
This book is worth reading．这本书值得读一读.
6.有些动词如cook，print，do等，常用主动结构表示被动意义。

The lunch is cooking. 正在做午饭。

五、不用被动语态的6种情况
1.谓语为连系动词时，不用被动语态。

He looks fine. 他气色好。

2.谓语为不及物动词(短语)时，如happen, take place, break out, spread等不用被动语态。

The war broke out in the end. 战争终于爆发了。

An accident happened yesterday.
3.宾语为动词不定式、动词的-ing形式或从句，表示主语的一些想法、爱好或愿望时，一般不用被动语态。

He decided to go with us．他决定跟我们一起去。

I want to buy a computer. 我想买一台电脑。

4.宾语是相互代词、反身代词、同源宾语等时，一般不用被动语态。

We should help each other. 我们应该相互帮助。

We live a happy life here. 我们在这儿过着幸福的生活。

He thinks of himself too much. 他对自己想得太多。

5.宾语表示处所、地点时，一般不用被动语态。

We will reach the station in two hours. 我们再过两个小时就会到站了。

He has gone to London now. 他现在去伦敦了。

6.表示状态的动词，如have, own, belong to 等不能用被动语态。

( )1.—Look! What have you done?
—Sorry. I think if I another chance, I’ll do it better.
A. give
B. will be given
C. will give
D. am given
( )2. —How clean and tidy your bedroom is!
—Thank you. It every day.
A. is cleaned
B. cleans
C. was cleaned
D. is cleaning
( )3. —Susan, why are you still here? They are all ready to start.
—I’m sorry, but I when to leave.
A. don’t tell
B. didn’t tell
C. wasn’t told
D. haven’t told
( )4. —The pollution problem here seems to get more and more serious.
—Yes, something to stop it.
A. must do
B. mustn’t do
C. must be done
D. mustn’t be done ( )5. On this website, the news every hour.
A. is updated
B. will update
C. updated
D. will be undated ( )6. —Long time no see! —I to Zhengzhou for a meeting last month.
A. am sent
B. was sent
C. am sending
D. was sending ( )7. The apples well because they nice.
A. are sold; look
B. sell; look
C. sell; are looked
D. are sold; are looked
( )8. the watch yet? I badly need it.
A. Does; repair
B. Had; been repaired
C. Is; repaired
D. Has; been repaired
( )9. The old man was quite weak after the accident, so he .
A. must be looked after well
B. was looking after well
C. must take good care of
D. must be taken good care
( )10. Usually before exams, the students two minutes to write down their names.
A. are given
B. were given
C. gave
D. give
( )11. No children to watch this kinds of movie because it’s too scary.
A. should allow
B. shouldn’t be allowed
C. should be allowed
D. don’t allow
( )12.I little time to get ready for the test, so I wasn’t confident at that time.
A. gave
B. was given
C. didn’t give
D. wasn’t given
( )13.I’m sure that stricter rules to control cigarette smoking very soon.
A. made
B. will make
C. were made
D. will be made
( )14.—Doctor, it seems that you like to work with animals.
—Yes, I think animals should as our friends.
A. regard
B. be regarded
C. were made
D. will be made ( )15.The book Mary. It has her name on it.
A. is belonging to
B. is belonged to
C. belongs to
D. belongs ( )16.Soft drinks to children for free in some restaurants on Children’s Day.
A. offer
B. have offered
C. were offered
D. will be offered
( )17.—How about the cloth you bought yesterday? —It’s very beautiful. And it so soft.
A. felt
B. feels
C. is felt
D. feel
( )18.—Do you believe there are aliens? —I’m afraid not. I don’t think aliens in space.
A. can find
B. can be found
C. can be founded
D. can’t be found ( )19.—Why have you carried your cupboard out of the kitchen? —Because it needs .
A. to paint
B. being painted
C. paint
D. painting
( )20.Every year, more than 70,00,000 sharks for their fins (鱼翅).
A. were killed
B. have killed
C. are killed
D. will kill
( )21.—Mom, when can I watch TV? —As soon as your homework .
A. finish
B. is finished
C. finished
D. will be finished
( )22.No decision about that matter yet. We are still considering it.
A. has been made
B. has made
C. will be made
D. will make
( )23.When I called the bus service, I that there was no more bus.
A. was telling
B. was told
C. has told
D. had told
( )24.—Your city looks beautiful. —Yes. Many bridges last year.
A. are built
B. built
C. were built
D. has built
( )25.When will the birthday party , on Monday evening or Tuesday evening?
A. hold
B. be held
C. held
D. be holding
( )26.The wall by those children now.
A. was being painted
B. is being painted
C. was painted
D. is painting ( )27.The milk strange. Do you think it’s OK to drink?
A. was tasted
B. tasted
C. is tasting
D. tastes
( )28.Li Ming will be 12 years old next month. A new bike for him as a birthday present on that day.
A. is bought
B. was bought
C. will be bought
D. will buy
( )29. A：My father bought me a new computer this week.
B：A new computer me by my father this week.
( )30. A：Mr Smith will give us a talk tomorrow.
B：We a talk by Mr Smith tomorrow.
( )31.A：Will they water the flowers this afternoon?
B：the flowers by them this afternoon.
( )32.A：The girl was heard to sing a song in her room by us.
B：We the girl a song in her room.
( )33.A：He didn’t break the window. B：The window by him.
( )34.A：Everyone should give back the books on time.
B：The books should on time.
( )35.A：What does the teacher often tell the boys to do?
B：What the boys often to do by the teachers?
状语从句
( )1. —What’s your plan for the summer holidays?
—I’ll go to Beijing the school term ends.
A. in order that
B. so that
C. as soon as
D. even though ( )2. I think not difficult English every morning.
A. that; keep reading
B. it’s; keep reading
C. that; to keep reading
D. it; to keep reading ( )3. The bus driver always says to us, “Don’t get off the bus stops.”
A. when
B. while
C. until
D. if
( )4.—Excuse me. Could you wake me up when my friend here?
—Of course. But we still don’t know when your friend here.
A. comes; will come
B. comes; comes
C. will come; comes
D. will come; will come ( )5. We should give the boy another chance he has made some mistakes.
A. though
B. when
C. unless
D. because ( )6. We will go for a picnic if it tomorrow.
A. doesn’t rain
B. wasn’t rainy
C. won’t rain
D. wasn’t raining ( )7. I was happy on hearing the good news that I couldn’t even fall asleep.
A. too
B. so
C. such
D. much
( )8. A tourist will easily lose his way in Beijing he has a map or a guide.
A. if
B. because
C. unless
D. when
( )9. You have to leave now you can catch the early bus.
A. so that
B. as soon as
C. because
D. if
( )10. —Alice, please tell Eric to call me when he back. —No problem.
A. come
B. comes
C. came
D. will come ( )11. If he ,I swimming alone.
A. doesn’t come; will go
B. won’t come; will go
C. will come; won’t go
D. is coming; don’t go
( )12. I don’t have to introduce him to you you know the boy.
A. until
B. unless
C. since
D. but
( )13. —Tommy, do you know if Frank to the theatre with us this Sunday if it ?
—Sorry, I have no idea.
A. will go; is fine
B. goes; is fine
C. will go; is going to be fine
D. goes; will be fine ( )14. —So you were in the supermarket you heard a strange sound, right?
—That’s true. I ran out as quickly as possible.
A. when
B. while
C. then
D. which
( )15. We won’t start the meeting our teacher arrives.
A. though
B. until
C. while
D. or
( )16. James with the Greens the White Tower Park if it tomorrow.
A. are going to; isn’t rainy
B. are going to; d oesn’t rain
C. is going to; won’t rain
D. is going to; isn’t rainy
( )17.—When will you come to see me, Dad? —I will go to see you when you the training course.
A. finished
B. finish
C. are finishing
D. will finish
( )18. —Where did you put the keys?
—Oh, I I put them on the chair because the phone rang as I in.
A. remembered; come
B. remembered; was coming
C. remember; come
D. remember; was coming
( )19. Usually we don’t realize how important the nature is to us it is too late.
A. unless
B. until
C. if
D. after
( )20. We have been good friends we joined the same ping-pong team.
A. after
B. before
C. since
D. until
( )21. He met many problems he was going over his lessons.
A. before
B. as soon as
C. since
D. while
( )22. —Tomorrow will be father’s Day. What will you do for your father?
—I will say “I love you, Daddy” as soon as he up.
A. will wake
B. is waking
C. wakes
D. woke
( )23. If you him tomorrow, please ask him if he to work on the farm with us.
A. see ; goes
B. will see; goes
C. will see; will go
D. see; will go
( )24. I like the pop star that I never miss his concert.
A. very much
B. too much
C. quite much
D. so much
( )25. He was so happy see his name on the notice he couldn’t believe his eyes.
A. that; that
B. to; to
C. that; to
D. to; that
二、定语从句
一.定语从句的功用和结构
在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。

被定语从句修饰的词叫做先行词。

定语从句必须放在先行词之后。

引导定语从句的词被称为关系词。

关系词一般位于先行词与定语从句之间，且作为定语从句的一个句子成分。

关系代词主要有：who, whom, whose（一般指人），that（指人或物），which（指物）等。

关系副词主要有：when（时间），where（地点），why（原因）等。

二.关系代词和关系副词的用法
1. 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语.宾语.定语等成分。

关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。

⑴who, whom, that
这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：
①作主语
Is he the man who/that wants to see you?
他就是你想见的人吗？（人在定语从句中作主语时可用who或that, 在从句中作主语不能省）
②作宾语
He is the man(whom/that/who) I saw yesterday.
他就是我昨天见的那个人。

(人在定语从句中作宾语时whom/who/that，在从句中作宾语时可以省略)
⑵whose用来指人或物，只用作定语。

如：
They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人的车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。

⑶which, that
它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语.宾语等。

如：
①作主语
Rosa likes music that/which is quiet and gentle.
罗莎喜欢轻柔的音乐。

（物在定语从句中作主语时可用which/that, 在句中作主语时不能省略）
②作宾语
This is the book (that/which)I’m looking for.
这是我正在找的书。

（物在定语从句中作宾语时可用which/that，在句中作look for的宾语可省）
2. 关系副词引导的定语从句
关系副词可代替的先行词是时间.地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。

关系副词when, where, why 的含义相当于“介词+which”结构，因此常常和“介词+which”结构交替使用。

如：
Do you remember the day when ( on which) I saw you?你还记得我见到你的那一天吗？（某年某月时用in which）
Beijing is the place where(in which)I was born. 北京是我的出生地。

Is this the reason why(for which)he refused our offer?这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？
三.注意事项：
1. 指人时，宜用who, 不用that的情况。

①先行词是one, ones, anyone, those时，宜用who.
Eg：Those ( who want to go to the Great Wall ) come here.
②当先行词有较长的后置定语时：
Eg: I met a foreigner in the street yesterday( who could ask me questions in Chinese. )
③一个句子中带有两个定语从句，其中一个定语从句的关系代词是that, 另一个宜用who.
The boy ( that you met last night ) is the group leader ( who studies very hard).
④在there be 开头的句子。

There is an old man ( who wants to see you ).
2. 指物时，只可用that不用which的情况。

（1）当先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much等不定代词时。

例如：I’m a football fan. I’m interested in everything that is about football.
我是个足球迷，关于足球的一切我都感兴趣。

All that you can do is to lie down and rest. 你所能做的就是躺下来休息。

（2）先行词被all, every, some, any, no, little, much等修饰时。

例如：
You can borrow any book that you want to read. 你可以借任何一本你想读的书。

I haven’t got any books that he needs. 我没有他所需要的任何书。

（3）先词词被the only, the very, the same, the last 等修饰时（当先行词表示人时，也可用关系代词who, whom）。

例如：
It is the very pen that I am looking for. 它正是我一直在寻找的铅笔。

The last place that they visited in China was Mount Tai.
他们在中国参观的最后一个地方是泰山。

（4）当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时。

例如：
This is the first English grammar book that she has read. 这是她读过的第一本英语语法书。

He worked out the most difficult problem that I had seen.
他解答出了我所见到过的最难的问题。

（5）先行词是两个或多个分别表示人和物的名词（先行词既有人又有物）时。

例如：The writer and his novel that you talked about just now are really well known.
你们刚才谈论的那位作家和他的小说的确很有名。

（6）当主句以who或which 开头时。

例如：
Who is the girl that spoke to you just now? 刚才跟你说话的那个女孩是谁？
Which is the car that was made in China? 哪辆车是中国制造的？
一、用适当的关系词填空（每空一词）
1.Jane is one of the students in the class have ever been to China.
2. Most Americans love Chinese food is cooked in a different way from western food.
3.The story I read in the newspaper was about a common problem among teenagers.
4. Anyone comes to China will surely visit the Great Wall in Beijing.
5. Do you know the reason he doesn’t like that person?
6. This is the girl with I live together.
7. Is there anyone here name is Betty?
8. Tom is the boy has been chosen to take part in the match.
9. Keep the books in a place you can find them easily.
10. We won’t forget the day the hero was killed
11. Can you tell me the reason it is so hot today?
12. The museum we visited yesterday is not far form here.
13. I want to know the day Shanghai was liberated.
14. The room has two windows is our office.
15. We’ll never forget the years we spent the countryside.
16. The first thing you must do is to have a meal.
17. The house we live in is very big.
18. The boy is wearing the black jacket is very clever.
19. This is the present he gave me for my birthday.
20. The man talked to you just now is an engineer.
21. He talked about the teachers and schools he had visited.
22. There is nothing in the world can frighten him.
23. He lives in the room window faces to the south.
三、非谓语动词
( )1. Try to sing more English songs, and you will find it interesting a foreign language.
A. learning
B. learns
C. learn
D. to learn
( )2. —You aren’t a student now, are you?
—, don’t you remember me in the classroom ten minutes ago?
A. No; seeing
B. Yes; seeing
C. No; to see
( )3. It was time for class. Mr. King asked all the children down quietly.
A. sit
B. sat
C. to sit
D. sitting
( )4. When I was walking past the window, I noticed Wang Fei my homework. I really got .
A. copying; annoyed
B. copying; annoying
C. copy; annoyed
D. copied; annoyed ( )5. It took me two weeks reading the novels written by Guo Jingmjing.
A. finish
B. to finish
C. finishes
D. finishing
( )6. Plan your time carefully and make sure you have some time what you like every day.
A. do
B. to do
C. doing
D. done
( )7. —Why is Linlin practicing speaking English? —abroad for further study.
A. Go
B. Gone
C. To go
D. Goes
( )8. They preferred rather than a bike.
A. to walk; to ride
B. walking; riding
C. to walk; ride
( )9. last week our geography teacher told us more information about how to protect the environment.
A. to get
B. got
C. get
D. getting
( )10. —I’m very tired these days. —Why not music? You will feel .
A. listen to; relaxed
B. listening to; relaxing
C. listening to; relaxed
D. listen to; relaxing ( )11.Mr Li prefers at home to outside.
A. stay; walk
B. staying; walk
C. staying; walking
D. stay; walking ( )12.—It is so hot in the classroom. Would you mind the windows?
—No. I’ll do it right now
A. to close
B. to open
C. opening
D. closing
( )13.He used the money he first made a used bike for himself.
A. buying
B. buy
C. to buy
D. bought
( )14.Maria was looking forward to to Nancy’s birthday party.
A. inviting
B. being invited
C. invite
D. be invited
( )15.When I’m thirsty, I prefer water rather than other drinks.
A. drinking;
B. to drink; drink
C. to drink; drinking
D. drinking; to drink
( )16.—Can the project be finished as planned?
—Sure, it completed on time, we’ll work two more hours a day.
A. having got
B. get
C. getting
D. to get
( )17.—I am sorry to have kept you . —It doesn’t matter. I’ve just come.
A. wait
B. waited
C. waiting
D. to wait
( )18.Lucy was too excited anything when she heard the good news.
A. saying
B. says
C. to say
D. said
( )19.We must never miss the chance to show love to our parents and make them .
A. know
B. knowing
C. to know
D. knows
( )20.There are so many kinds of MP5s in the shop. We can’t decide .
A. what to buy
B. to buy what
C. which to buy
D. to buy which
( )21.The young girl was often seen by the river.
A. to draw
B. to drawing
C. draw
D. drew
( )22.We should study the new traffic rules and learn how ourselves.
A. protect
B. to protect
C. protecting
D. protected
( )23.—We’ll do what we can English well this term. —It’s time for you to work hard.
A. study
B. to study
C. studied
D. studying
( )24.We have two rooms . but I can’t decide .
A. to live in; which one to choose
B. to live in; to choose which one
C. to live; to choose which one
D. to live; which one to choose
( )25.Tell her the teacher and the window.
A. to listen to; not look out of
B. listen to; not look out of
C. listen to; not to look out of
D. to listen to; not to look out of
( )26.Have you ever considered Paris some day?
A. visit
B. visited
C. visiting
D. to visit
( )27.Jane likes singing. We often hear her after class.
A. sing
B. to sing
C. sings
D. sang
( )28.—What is Mary doing? —She’s busy some washing.
A. to do
B. doing
C. done
D. do
( )6.May I have a rest? I have already finished the report.
A. write
B. writing
C. to write
D. written
( )29.The little girl comes to the Children’s Palace the guitar on Sundays.
A. practicing to play
B. to practice to play
C. to practice playing
D. practices playing ( )30.I offered the guests something .
A. drinks
B. drinking
C. drink
D. to drink
( )31.When I passed the classroom, I heard a girl in it.
A. sing
B. losing
C. sang
D. singing
( )32.—Do you know whether the man by the door is Mr. Smith?
—Sure. We’ve known each other for a long time.
A. stand
B. standing
C. stood
D. stands
( )33. exercise every day is good for you health.
A. To take
B. Taking
C. Take
D. Takes
( )34.As teenagers, we’re old enough with housework. We can help set the table, wash the dishes and clean our own-rooms.
A. to help
B. helping
C. helped
D. help
( )35.—We don’t have much homework this weekend. Can we go out together?
—OK. What about a movie?
A. to see
B. seeing
C. see
D. sees
( )36.We must try our best pollution again and again.
A. to stop; to happen
B. to stop; happening
C. stopping; happening
D. stopping; to happen
( )37.—All of us think John has difficulty . —Sp do I.
A. to make decisions
B. makes decisions
C. making decisions
D. made decisions ( )38.He pretended me when he walked by.
A. not see
B. not to see
C. don’t see
D. to not see ( )39.There weren’t any chairs for us , so we had to sit on the floor.
A. sitting on
B. sat on
C. sit on
D. to sit on
( )40.After the final exam, I think all the students want .
A. stop to have a rest
B. stopping having a rest
C. stopping having a rest
D. to stop to have a rest
( )41.The doctor did what he could the girl who was badly hurt in the accident.
A. save
B. saving
C. to save
D. saves
( )42.It was such a funny show that people couldn’t help again and again.
A. laugh
B. to laugh
C. laughing
D. laughed
( )43.—They said sorry to me, but I wouldn’t listen.
—It is foolish of you others for their mistakes.
A. forgive
B. not forgive
C. to forgive
D. not to forgive
( )44.Those trees need every day in summer.
A. watering
B. to water
C. water
D. be watered
( )45.Tony often makes his sister , but this time he was made by his sister.
A. cry; cry
B. crying; crying
C. to cry
D. cry; to cry
( )46. English well, one must have a lot of practice.
A. Speaks
B. To speak
C. Spoken
D. Speak
( )47.It’s dangerous with the wild animal.
A. for us to play
B. of us playing
C. for us playing
D. of us to play
用所给动词的适当的形式填空
1.He was made (sweep) the floor.
2.It’s time for us (have) lunch.
3.He practiced (speak) English every evening.
4.Jim went to the cinema instead of (fly) a kite yesterday.
5.Let me (tell) you where (go) tomorrow.
6.It’s not easy (plant) trees in the dessert.
7.I always see Mary (read) books at home.
8.They asked us (come) to the party early.
9.It took him an hour (do) his homework.
汉译英
1. Li Ming’s wish is (成为一名警察).
2.You parents will be very happy (收到你的信).
3.The books written by Lu Xun are (值得一读)
4.When I got home, I found my pet dog (躺在地板上), dead.
5.The question is (怎样解决这个问题).
四、宾语从句宾语从句练习
( )1.I didn’t see Nancy al the meeting yesterday. We didn’t know .
A. what has happened
B. why didn’t she some
C. when would she come
D. where she had been
( )2.—What did Kate say just now? —She asked .
A. Who has been to the USA in our class
B. what was wrong with my computer
C. when did China become a member of the world Trade Organization
D. that China had successfully held the Olympic Games
( )3.He said he the teacher about it.
A. has told
B. tells
C. is telling
D. had told
( )4.—We don’t know he is —They say he is much better these days.
A. what
B. who
C. how
D. where
( )5.—Mike wants to know if a picnic tomorrow.
—Yes, But if it , we’ll visit the museum instead.
A. will you have; will rain
B. you will have; will ran
C. you will have; rains
D. will you have; rains
( )6.Can you imagine ?
A. that our life will in the future be like
B. what our life in the future will be
C. that will our life be like in the future
D. what our life will be like in the future ( )7.—Could you tell me ? —I’m not sure.
A. how many people have been out of hospital
B. when is Thanksgiving Day
C. which animal does he like best
D. what time will the dolphin show start ( )8.—Do you know it will rain? —Sorry, I’ve no idea.
A. that
B. whether
C. what
D. which
( )9.—Look! The light in Jim’s room is still on. Do you know .
A. why is he so busy
B. why he stays up so late
C. if he works hard
D. when will he stop working
( )10.We’ve given her some advice, but I don’t know she’ll accept it.
A. what
B. where
C. whether
D. which
( )11.I didn’t understand , so I raised my hand to ask.
A. what my teacher says
B. what does my teacher say
C. what my teacher said
D. what did my teacher say
( )12.I did n’t know she was ready or not.
A. when
B. that
C. whether
D. what
( )13.—Could you tell me when ? —At 10:00, in five minutes.
A. the bus will leave
B. will the bus leave
C. the bus has left
D. has the bus left ( )14.When I was young, our teacher told us that the earth round the sun.
A. traveled
B. was traveling
C. travels
D. had traveled ( )15.Could you please tell me ? I’ve lost her address.
A. where did Carol live
B. where does carol live
C. where Carol lives
D. where Carol lived
五、宾语从句
在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。

它是众多从句中的一员，在复合句中作主句谓语动词、介词或某些形容词的宾语。

在及物动词的后面可以接一个名词来充当宾语，如：I know the man.
而这时也可以用一个句子来充当宾语，如：I know that the man is a policeman.
主句引导词从句
宾语从句三大块: 1. 引导宾语从句的连词和代词选择； 2. 宾语从句的语序； 3. 宾语从句的时态。

Ⅰ.宾语从句的引导词
1.陈述句充当宾语从句时，用that引导，that无词义，在口语或非正式文体中常省略。

如：My teacher said I was a good boy.老师说我是个好男孩。

She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill. I am sure (that) he will succeed.
2.当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时，用if或whether引导，意为“是否”。

如：
(1) Is Jim a good student? I don’t know
I don’t know if /whether Jim is a good student.
(2) Does Kate get up early? Do you know?
Do you know if /whether Kate gets up early?
注意：只能用whether不用if 的三种情况
•一般情况下，if 和whether可以互换，但以下3种情况只能用whether：
•①与or not连用：
He asked me whether or not I was coming. Let me know whether you can come or not.
•②在介词之后：
It depends on whether it is going to rain. I worry about whether I hurt her feelings •③在不定式之前：
We haven’t decided whether to go there.I don’t know whether to accept or refuse.
3.如果宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句，只需用原来的疑问词引导。

如：
1.What is she doing? Can you tell me?
Can you tell me what she is doing?
2.Where does she live? Do you know?
Do you know where she lives?
句式连词语序例句
陈述句That 不变I think that we can be good friends.
一般疑问句if/whether 改为陈述语
序
I can’t remember if I posted the letter.
特殊疑问句特殊疑问词改为陈述语
序
He asked who was our English teacher.
(一)当从句的原句为以下句子以及what, who作主语时，语序不变：
What’s wrong? What’s the matter? What’s happening?
eg:I don’t know what’s the matter.
Can you tell me who is over there?
Ⅲ.宾语从句与主句的时态要相互呼应
1. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态根据具体情况来确定，可以是_________时态。

I don’t think (that) you are right.
Please tell us where we’ll go fishing tomorrow.
Do you know when Mr. Smith moved here?
2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的_________时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。

例如：
He told me that he was born in Beijing in 1992.
He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon.
特殊情况：
1.从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然现象、名言时，任用现在时。

Dad told us that it is better to do than to say.
He told the boy that three and three is six.
Could you tell me where the bookshop is.
2.从句中有具体时间状语，即使从句动作发生在主句动作前，仍然用一般过去时。

The teacher told me she was born in 1960.
[即学即练]连接成为含有宾语从句的复合句。

1) These flowers are from Guangdong. He said.
He said _______ these flowers _______ from Guangdong.
2) Light travels faster than sound. My teacher told me.
My teacher told me _____ light _______ faster than sound.
3) There will be a meeting in five days. Jack didn’t know.
Jack didn’t know ______ there ______ ____ a meeting in five days.
4) Can they speak French? I want to know. I want to know ______ _______ _______ _______ French.
5) Are the children playing games? Tell me. Tell me ______ the children ______ ______ games.
6) Have you finished your homework yet? Mr. Zhao asked Ma Chao
Mr. Zhao asked Ma Chao _______ _______ ______ _____ _____ homework yet.
7) How many people can you see in the picture? Who knows?
Who knows _____ _____ ____ ____ _____ ______ in the picture?
8) Where did she park her car? Do you know? Do you know _____ _____ ____ her car?
9) What does he often talk about? The girl wondered.
The girl wondered _____ _____ often ________ about.
10) Who knocked at the door so loudly? I don’t know.
I don’ t know _______ _______ at the door so loudly.
11) Does he still live in that street? I don't know.
I don't know ______ he still _______ in that street.
12) What's his name? I asked him. I asked him what _____ _____ ____ ______.
13) When does the train arrive? Please tell me.。