2023-2024学年山东泰安人教版中考专题英语中考真卷习题及解析

2023-2024学年山东泰安人教版中考专题英语中考真卷
1.阅读理解
第1题.
Your mom does a lot of housework, and you'd really like to help her out. Here is some advice for you.
Caring for your own space. Try to keep your room clean. If you make a mess, clean it up as soon as possible.
Sharing some of your mom's tasks
（工作）. Find out what tasks you could do. It depends on your age. Children can begin to take care of their own washing from around the age of 8.
Help out with making dinner. You may not cook a big dinner, but you can try to make a simple lunch.
Organizing a "Mom's Day Off". Choose a day to do all chores with your dad and your sister or brother. Let your mom enjoy a relaxing day.
Being active. Ask your mom what you can help with. She probably has advice for things you can do for her. If she asks for your help, don't refuse. She wouldn't ask if she didn't need your help. Do not wait until she tells you or asks to do something. Always help your mom, and she will be very happy.
【长难句分析】
If you make a mess, clean it up as soon as possible.
翻译：如果你弄得一团糟，尽快收拾干净。

句子分析
句子主干：clean it up
其他成分：
1）If you make a mess为If引导的条件状语从句；
2）as soon as possible作状语。

聚沙成塔：
1）make a mess 搞成一团糟
2）as soon as possible 尽快（1）What does the underlined word "It" refer to in paragraph 3?
A: Making sure what you can help your mom with.
B: Trying to make a big dinner for your family.
C: Doing the chores according to your age.
D: Learning how to use the washing machine.
（2）How many pieces of advice does the writer talk about?
A: Two.
B: Three.
C: Four.
D: Five.
（3）What should you do if your mom ask you for help?
A: Ask your sister or brother to help her.
B: Try your best to help as soon as possible.
C: Wait until she asks again.
D: Tell her that you'd like to help but you can't.
（4）Which of the following is NOT true?
A: You should make your home clean and never make a mess in it.
B: The jobs you can help your mom to do depend on your age.
C: Your mom may be very relaxed on the "Mom's Day Off".
D: Your mom will be happy if you offer help before she asks you.
（5）What is the passage mainly about?
A: How to be an active child.
B: How to help your mom at home.
C: How to organize family activities.
D: How to be independent.
【答案】ADBAB
【解答】
（1）A 代词指代题。

第三段中Sharing some of your mom's tasks
（工作）. Find out what tasks you could do. It depends on your age.分担你妈妈的一些工作。

找出你能做的任务。

这取决于你的年龄。

可知，划线词It代指的是前面提到的确定你能帮助你妈妈什么。

（2）D 细节理解题。

根据短文内容可知，第二、三、四、五和六自然段分别讲了一个建议，共五条。

（3）B 细节理解题。

根据最后一段中If she asks for your help, don't refuse.可知，如果妈妈让你帮助她，不要拒绝，要尽你所能地帮助她。

（4）A 细节理解题。

根据第二段中Try to keep your room clean. If you make a mess, clean it up as soon as possible.尽量保持你的房间干净。

如果你弄得一团糟，就尽快把它清理干净。

可知，你应该让你的家保持干净，永远不要弄得一团糟。

（5）B 主旨大意题。

根据第一段中Your mom does a lot of housework, and you'd really like to help her out. Here is some advice for you.你的妈妈做了很多家务，你真的很想帮她。

这里有一些建议给你。

并结合下文的建议可知，本文主要是告诉我们如何在家里帮助妈妈做家务，因此B项如何在家里帮助你的妈妈为本文主旨。

第2题.
The world uses about a thousand million
（百万）tons of water a day. Water is a human right and everyone should have their share. Yet more than 700 million people around the world have trouble getting clean, safe water.
Treating waste water is a good way to provide fresh water for us. And it also helps the environment by keeping waste out of rivers and oceans. 80% of wastewater around the world is not treated at all, and it is running into oceans. But now we have got the technology to treat and reuse the waste water.
While 75% of our planet is covered with water, only about 2% is fresh water—that comes from rivers, lakes, ice and snow. The rest, 98% of the water, is in seas and oceans. It is too salty to drink. Then desalination businesses come in. More than 19,000 factories have been built around the world, mostly in coastal countries. They process
（加工）more than 92 million tons of water every day. But the technology they use requires a lot of energy.
Scientists are working to create a less costly technology. They want to produce 20 times more clean water and make sure everyone has enough. But for now, the world still faces each day with not having enough water for everyone.
（1）How many people have trouble in getting clean water around the world?
A: Under 10 million.
B: Only 19 million.
C: About 92 million.
D: Over 700 million.
（2）Treating waste water helps the environment by ________.
A: storing waste in ice and snow
B: letting waste run into oceans
C: keeping waste out of rivers and oceans
D: sending waste to coastal countries
（3）What does the underlined word "desalination" in Paragraph 3 mean?
A: 远洋运输
B: 潮汐发电
C: 食盐销售
D: 海水淡化
（4）At present, the technology to process water ________.
A: needs much energy
B: saves much money
C: satisfies everyone
D: cause pollution
（5）What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A: Water should be a human right.
B: The water problem is still serious.
C: Our planet is covered with water.
D: Everyone has enough clean water.
【答案】DCDAB
【解答】
（1）D 细节理解题。

根据第一段中Yet more than 700 million people around the world have trouble getting clean, safe water.可知，世界上有7亿多人难以获得干净、安全的水。

故选D。

（2）C 细节理解题。

根据第二段中Treating waste water...And it also helps the environment by keeping waste out of rivers and oceans.处理废水……它也有助于保护环
境，使废物远离河流和海洋。

可知，处理废水通过防止废物流入河流和海洋来保护环境，故选C。

（3）D 词义猜测题。

根据第三段中The rest, 98% of the water, is in seas and oceans. It is too salty to drink. Then desalination businesses come in.剩下的98%的水都在海洋中，因为太咸了而不能饮用，然后______企业就出现了。

又根据下文More than 19,000 factories have been built around the world, mostly in coastal countries. They process
（加工）more than 92 million tons of water every day.全世界已经建立了19,000多家工厂，大部分在沿海国家。

他们每天加工9200多万吨水。

可推知，此处表示海水淡化公司出现了，即划线词意为海水淡化。

故选D。

（4）A 细节理解题。

根据第三段中They process
（加工）more than 92 million tons of water every day. But the technology they use requires a lot of energy.他们每天加工9200多万吨水。

但他们使用的技术需要大量能源。

可知，水加工技术需要大量能源，故选A。

（5）B 推理判断题。

根据最后一段中But for now, the world still faces each day with not having enough water for everyone.但目前，世界仍面临着每天都没有足够的水供应给每个人的问题。

可推知，水资源短缺的问题仍然很严重。

故选B。

第3题.
根据文章内容，判断下列句子正误，正确填写T，错误填写F。

A plane without oil! Super Google glasses! Sound like the year of 2050? Take a look at the coolest inventions of 2019.
Solar-powered
（太阳能的）plane. A plane flew for more than 18 hours over the US on Saturday and didn't use a drop of oil! How? Solar Impulse is a solar-powered plane, the biggest such plane in the world. It has the same weight as a small car. It carries only one person. It can get solar power from the sun.
Super light camera. It weighs only 36g. It's as light as six coins. It's easy for you to take this small camera with you when traveling. It's small, but it also has many uses. You can take a colorful photo or a black and white one. There are many shapes you can use. You can also use the camera as a key ring.
Google glasses. They are the latest technology from Google. People who wear the glasses can record what they see and hear around them, and put them on the Internet for the world to see. There is a GPS system in the glasses, and it will find where you are and tell you where you need to go. Google glasses are a bit like a helpful secretary. You can tell them what you want to write in an e-mail and they will type it for you.
（1）The solar-powered plane can't fly without oil. ______
（2）Google glasses has the same weight as six coins according to the passage. ______ （3）Google glasses can find a helpful secretary for you if you need. ______
（4）From the passage, we can know what Google glasses can do. ______
（5）The best title for the passage may be "Coolest inventions of 2019". ______
【答案】'FFFTT'
【解答】
（1）F 根据第二段中A plane flew for more than 18 hours over the US on Saturday and didn't use a drop of oil!可知这个太阳能飞机飞行没用一滴油，所以问题描述错误，故填F。

（2）F 根据第三段Super light camera.和It's as light as six coins.可知是在文章中，超轻型摄像机的重量相当于6个硬币，而不是谷歌眼镜。

故填F。

（3）F 根据第四段Google glasses are a bit like a helpful secretary.可知谷歌眼镜有点像一个乐于助人的秘书，而不是如果你需要的话，谷歌眼镜可以为你找到一个有用的秘书。

故填F。

（4）T 根据第四段可知：戴这个眼镜的人可以记录下他们周围的所见所闻，并把它们放到互联网上让全世界看到。

眼镜里有一个GPS系统，它会找到你在哪里，告诉你需要去哪里。

……你可以告诉它们你想在电子邮件中写什么，他们会帮你打出来。

所以从文章中，我们可以知道谷歌眼镜可以做什么。

故填T。

（5）T 根据第一段Take a look at the coolest inventions of 2019.看看2019年最酷的发明吧。

和下文介绍的三个发明可知这篇文章最好的标题可能是2019年最酷的发明。

故填T。

第4题.
October 1st is the Chinese National Day, our country's 70th birthday. China is becoming stronger and richer. Many Chinese people once worked hard to make it happen. Who are they? Let's have a look,
1. ______
Yu Min, 1926-2019 On June 17, 1967, China tested its first hydrogen bomb (氢弹). It was a big success in China's nuclear development (核发展). Yu put all his heart into this test. It took China only two years and eight months to do that. It was a big surprise to the world!
2. ______
Shen Jilan, 1929-present Shen is a great farmer in a village in Shanxi Province. She works hard to make Chinese farmers life better in her life. She thought women and men should get the same pay for the same work. Her idea was written in China's first constitution in 1954.
3. ______
Yuan Longping, 1930-present Yuan is a great scientist. He is the first one in the world to develop a kind of hybrid rice. His studies helped farmers in China and other parts of the world to have more rice to eat.
4. ______
Tu Youyou, 1930-present Tu is known for winning the Nobel Prize for Medicine in 2015. She is the first one to find a kind of medicine to treat malaria, a serious disease. Her finding can save many people's lives.
Word Bank
hydrogen bomb：氢弹
nuclear development：核发展
constitution：宪法
hybrid rice：杂交水稻
（1）Who plays an important role in our country's nuclear development? A: Yu Min.
B: Shen Jilan.
C: Yuan Longping.
D: Tu YouYou.
（2）What do we know about Shen Jilan?
A: She once won the Nobel Prize for Medicine.
B: She is a great scientist from Shanxi Province.
C: She was born in the same year as Yuan Longping.
D: She thought women should get the same pay as men.
（3）What do you think of Tu Youyou's finding?
A: It can make our country stronger.
B: It can give farmers more rice to eat.
C: It can save a lot of people's lives.
D: It can help farmers make more money.
（4）What is the right order for #1, #2, #3 and #4？
a. Deputy to the NPC (人大代表)
b. "Father of hybrid rice"
c. Medical scientist
d. Nuclear scientist
A: d-b-a-c
B: d-a-b-c
C: d-a-c-b
D: d-c-b-a
（5）Where may the text be from?
A: A movie poster.
B: A newspaper.
C: A science report.
D: A sports magazine.
【答案】ADCBB
【解答】
（1）A 细节理解题。

根据表格第一行Yu put all his heart into this test.可知是于敏先生全身心投入中国的氢弹研究。

也就是说于敏先生在我国的核发展中起着重要的作用。

故选A。

（2）D 细节理解题。

根据表格第三行She thought women and men should get the same pay for the same work.可知申纪兰认为男性和女性做同样的工作应该得到同样的报酬。

故选D。

（3）C 细节理解题。

根据表格第四行Her finding can save many people's lives.可知屠呦呦的发明可以拯救许多人的生命，故选C。

（4）B 推理判断题。

根据文章介绍，于敏先生投身于中国氢弹研发，故应是Nuclear scientist原子科学家；申纪兰为人大代表，故应是Deputy to the NPC
（人大代表）；袁隆平发明了杂交水稻，故应是"Father of hubrid rice"
（杂交水稻之父）；屠呦呦发明了青蒿素，故应是Medical scientist
（医学科学家）。

故选B。

（5）B 文章出处题。

文章主要介绍了四名为中国做出巨大贡献的人物，结合选项，本文应是出自报纸新闻，故选B。

第5题.阅读短文，并按照要求完成下面小题。

Healthy eating doesn't just mean what you eat, but how you eat? Here is some advice on healthy eating.
Eat with others. It can help you to see others' healthy eating habits. If you usually eat with your parents, you will find that the food you eat is more delicious.
Listen to your body. Ask yourself if you are really hungry. Have a glass of water to see if you are thirsty—sometimes you are just thirsty, you need no food. Stop eating before you feel hungry.
Eat breakfast. Breakfast is the most important meal of the day. After you don't eat for the past ten hours, your body needs food to get you going. You will be smarter after eating breakfast.
Eat healthy snacks like fruits, yogurt or cheese. We all need snacks sometimes. In fact, it's a good idea to eat two healthy snacks between your three meals. This doesn't mean that you can eat a bag of chips instead of meal.
Don't eat dinner late. With our busy life, we always put off eating dinner until the last minute. Try to eat dinner at least 3 hours before you go to bed. This will give your body a chance to digest（消化）most of the food before you rest for the next 8-10 hours.
（1）题完成句子；（2）、（3）题简略回答问题；（4）题找出并写下本文的主题句；（5）题将文中画线句子译成汉语。

（1）Eating with others helps you to see others' ________.
（2）If you had breakfast, how will you feel? ________
（3）How many snacks does the writer advise us to eat a day? ________
（4）________
（5）________
【答案】'
（1）healthy eating habits', '
（2）Be smart.', '
（3）Two.', '
（4）Here is some advice on healthy eating.', '
（5）努力至少在睡前三小时吃晚餐。

'
【解答】
（1）healthy eating habits 根据第二段的Eat with others. It can help you to see others' healthy eating habits.和别人一起吃饭，可以帮助你了解别人的健康饮食习惯。

可知，该空应该填入healthy eating habits。

故答案为：healthy eating habits。

（2）Be smart. 根据第四段的You will be smarter after eating breakfast.吃完早餐你会更聪明的。

所以，如果你吃早餐，你会变得聪明。

故答案为：Be smart.。

（3）Two. 根据第五段的In fact, it's a good idea to eat two healthy snacks between your three meals.事实上，在三餐之间吃两份健康的零食是个好主意。

故答案为：Two。

（4）Here is some advice on healthy eating. 结合全文可知，本文是在讲健康饮食的一些建议：和别人一起吃饭；倾听自己的身体；吃早饭；吃健康的零食；不要吃晚饭吃得太晚。

所以第一段第二句Here is some advice on healthy eating.这里有一些健康饮食的建议。

是本文的主题句。

故答案为：Here is some advice on healthy eating.。

（5）努力至少在睡前三小时吃晚餐。

try to do sth.努力做某事，at least至少，go to bed 睡觉。

before在……之前。

故答案为：努力至少在睡前三小时吃晚餐。

2.七选五
第6题.根据短文内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺，内容完整。

One afternoon, Peter and Jenny were walking home from school along the street. Suddenly, they heard a big noise.
"Come on! That sounds like an accident. Let's see what happened."
They ran toward the noise
（1）________ A small car knocked into the side of a truck. The accident happened in a quiet street with only four houses. Peter and Jenny were the first ones to reach the scene（事发地点）. No other people came. "（2）________ We must be the only ones," said Jenny. They found that both the car driver and the truck driver were hurt.
"Peter," said Jenny. "Run back down the road to Mrs. Jones' house. Ask her to call the policemen and the ambulance（救护车）. Hurry up. I'll stay here." Peter ran as fast as he could.
（3）________ She knew when people were hurt in an accident, we shouldn't move them The police car and the ambulance arrived soon
（4）________ Then they got the truck driver out. The men weren't seriously hurt
（5）________ The policemen thanked Peter and Jenny.
A. Jenny could do nothing but wait.
B. Nobody else saw the accident.
C. But the ambulance took both of them to hospital.
D. As soon as they got there, they could see what happened.
E. The policemen got the car door open and they took the man out.
【答案】'D', 'B', 'A', 'E', 'C'
【解答】
（1）D 根据空前一句They ran toward the noise.他们跑向那个吵闹的方向。

和空后一句A small car knocked into the side of a truck.一辆小车撞上了一辆卡车的一边。

可知，空处应是讲他们跑向吵闹的方向后所看到的发生的事情，因此D项：他们一到那儿，就看见了发生的一切。

符合语境。

（2）B 根据空前一句No other people came.没有其他的人来。

和后一句We must be the only ones肯定只有我们，可知空处应是讲没有其他人目睹过这场事故，因此B项：没有其他人看见这次事故。

符合语境。

（3）A 根据空后一句She knew when people were hurt in an accident, we shouldn't move them.她知道当人们在一次事故中受伤，我们不应该移动他们。

可知A项：詹妮除了等待什么也做不了。

符合语境。

（4）E 根据空后一句Then they got the truck driver out.然后他们把卡车司机救出。

可知，空处应讲首先救出了谁，E项：警察把车门打开，他们把那男人救出。

符合语境。

（5）C 根据空前一句The men weren't seriously hurt.那些人并没有伤得很严重。

可知，空处应讲有关救护措施的事情，因C项：但是救护车把他们都送到了医院。

符合语境。

3.书面表达
第7题.假如你是英国交流生Stephen，你在合肥某中学一个月的学习生活即将结束。

请你根据以下提示，以Stephen的名义，用英语给校长写一封感谢信。

信中需包含以
下要点：
1. 你所了解到的中国文化；
2. 在学校，老师同学们对你的帮助；
3. 你和寄宿家庭相处的情况；
参考词汇：host family 寄宿家庭
注意：
1. 词数80～100；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 文中不能出现与本人相关的信息；
4. 开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。

Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to express my thanks to you. ______
I feel really grateful for what you have done for me.
Yours sincerely,
Stephen 【答案】Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to express my thanks to you.
During my one month stay in Hefei, I have a deeper understanding of Chinese traditional culture. I know that tea has a long history. It is said that Shen Nong discovered it as a drink. Tea is one of the most popular drinks in China. And then, I should be thankful for my teachers and students. With their great help, I've made a huge progress in regular academic classes, especially Chinese and Math. And I even got into the top three in our class once. What's more, I get along well with the host family. They are all very kind.
I feel really grateful for what you have done for me.
Yours sincerely,
Stephen 【解答】Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to express my thanks to you.
During my one month stay in Hefei, I have a deeper understanding of Chinese traditional culture. I know that tea has a long history. It is said that Shen Nong discovered it as a drink. Tea is one of the most popular drinks in China. And then, I should be thankful for my teachers and students. With their great help, I've made a huge progress in regular academic classes, especially Chinese and Math. And I even got into the top three in our class once. What's more, I get along well with the host family. They are all very kind.
I feel really grateful for what you have done for me.
Yours sincerely,
Stephen
4.填空题
第8题.根据句意，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
（1）It's ________（danger）to play basketball on the street.
（2）They often meet and share their ________（think）, feelings and experiences.
（3）It's seemed that he ________（success）solved the problem.
（4）Tan Dun is one of the most famous ________（music）in the world.
（5）His book ________（translate）into over 20 languages so far.
（6）Lily, Betty and I enjoyed ________（our）at the party last night.
（7）November is the ________（eleven）month of a year.
（8）My mother ________（agree）I go out to the mount Tai because she thinks it is so high for a teenager.
（9）No one can achieve anything without ________（effort）.
（10）I ________（work）in this company since I moved here in 2009.
【答案】'
（1）dangerous
（2）thoughts
（3）successfully
（4）musicians
（5）has been translated
（6）ourselves
（7）eleventh
（8）disagrees
（9）effort
（10）have worked'
【解答】
（1）dangerous 考查形容词。

it's+形容词+to do sth表示做某事是怎么样的，固定句型，结合所给单词提示可知，空处应用填形容词dangerous，句意：在街上打篮球是很危险的。

（2）thoughts 考查名词的数。

分析可知空处与空后的feelings and experiences感觉和经
验是并列关系，所以词性应该一致，因此空处应为名词的复数形式thoughts，句意：他们经常聚在一起分享各自的想法，感觉和经验。

（3）successfully 考查副词。

分析可知空处修饰动词solved，因此应用副词，success 为名词，其副词形式为successfully，成功地。

（4）musicians 考查名词。

分析可知空处被形容词famous所修饰，应用名词，结合句意可知空处表示音乐家，应用musician，根据空前one of the most famous可知，此处为最高级，因此音乐家不止有一个，所以要用名词复数形式musicians。

（5）has been translated 考查x现在完成时的被动语态。

根据句中时间状语so far可知，本句应用现在完成时，主语His book与动词translate之间为被动关系，因此此处应用现在完成时的被动语态，结构为have/has+been+动词过去分词，主语His book为单数，因此助动词应用has。

（6）ourselves 考查代词。

enjoy oneself意思是玩得开心，根据"Lingling，Betty and I"可知是我们三人，另外根据"enjoyed ________ at the party last night."可知此处表示我们玩得愉快，所以要用我们的反身代词ourselves。

（7）eleventh 考查序数词。

句意：十一月是一年中的第十一个月，表示第十一个月用序数词eleventh。

（8）disagrees 考查动词。

根据后文she thinks it is so high for a teenager可知，她认为对一个青少年来说那里太高了，可知，母亲应该是不同意我去爬泰山的，所以此处应该是动词的否定形式，agree的反义词为disagree，主语是My mother，单数，因此谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式，所以要用disagrees。

（9）effort 考查名词。

句意：没有人可以在不努力的情况下取得成就，根据空前的介词without可知，空处应用名词，与without构成介宾短语，effort为不可数名词，表示努力。

（10）have worked 考查现在完成时。

根据since I moved here in 2009可知，这件事为过去发生的事。

过去的动作或状态持续到现在并且已经完成，对现在造成的影响，可能持续发生下去，要用现在完成时，结构为have/has+动词过去分词，主语为I，因此助动词应用have。

5.语法填空
第9题.根据短文内容，从方框中选择恰当的选项填空。

A. happens
B. never
C. because
D. from
E. brings
Have you heard of the Monkey King? The Monkey King character comes（1）
________ Journey to the west, a book written by Wu Cheng'en in the Ming Dynasty. The story tells what（2）________ along the way when the Monkey King helps Monk Tang to find Buddhist classics（佛经）. People love the Monkey King（3）________ he is brave, never afraid of anyone. He goes to the palace of Dragon King to get the golden cudgel（金箍棒）. He（4）________ trouble to the party held by the Queen of Heaven. He is（5）
________ scared of monsters though some of them are stronger than himself.
【答案】'D', 'A', 'C', 'E', 'B'
【解答】
（1）D 考查介词。

结合语境可知句意：孙悟空形象来源于《西游记》，明朝吴承恩写的一本书。

此处应选D. from，come from 来自。

（2）A 考查动词。

结合语境及选项可知句意：故事讲述了孙悟空帮助唐僧寻找佛经的路上所发生的事情。

此处应选A. happens，发生。

（3）C 考查连词。

结合语境及选项可知句意：人们喜欢孙悟空是因为他是勇敢的，从不害怕任何人。

前后构成因果关系，后为因，故用because连接。

（4）E 考查动词。

结合语境及选项可知句意：他给玉皇大帝举行的宴会带来麻烦。

此处应选E. brings，bring trouble 带来麻烦。

（5）B 考查副词。

结合语境及选项可知句意：他从不害怕妖怪，尽管有些妖怪比他更强。

never副词，从不。