大学英语(一)复习题

大学英语（一）复习题
Directions: There are six passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice.
Passage 1
Who coined the term personal computer? The Oxford English Dictionary says Byte magazine used it first, in its May 1976 issue. But Yale Law School librarian Fred Shapiro decided to do some digging on his own--with help from JSTOR, an online electronic database for academic (学术的) journals. JSTOR's arts and sciences archive (档案) offers scans of 5 million pages from 117 journals, some dating back 150 years. Using character-recognition software, JSTOR creates searchable files for each document (文件), allowing full-text searches across 15 academic fields.
(S3) While searching for the origin of personal computer, Shapiro uncovered several competing claims. Stewart Brand, founder of Whole Earth Catalog, says on his Web site that he first referred to a "personal computer" in a 1974 book; and GUI pioneer Alan Kay is said to have used the term in a paper published in 1972.
But a search on JSTOR's general science archive turned up what Shapiro says is the earliest recorded use of personal computer, in the October 4, 1968, issue of Science. The issue contains a Hewlett-Packard advertisement for its new HP 9100A. "The new Hewlett-Packard 9100A personal computer," the advertisement says, is "ready, willing and able …to relieve you of waiting to get on the big computer." The $4,900 device -- a desktop scientific calculator equipped with magnetic cards-doesn't seem like much of a computer nowadays. And at 40 pounds, it wasn't very personal, either. But according to Shapiro, it was the first device to be called a personal computer.
1. The term "personal computer" first appeared ________.
A．in Byte magazine
B．in a Hewlett-Packard ad in Science
C．in a 1974 book
D．in a paper published by Alan Kay
2. What is JSTOR?
A．It is an online database.
B．It is an academic journal.
C．It is a kind of computer software.
D．It is a research organization.
3. Shapiro succeeded in his search for the origin of the term personal computer by ________. A．looking into the Oxford English Dictionary
B．digging into magazines that are more than 150 years old
C．scanning JSTOR's general science archive on line
D．ocusing on academic journals such as Science
4. With a HP 9100A, according to the Hewlett-Packard advertisement, you ________.
A．can easily get on the big computer.
B．don't have to get on the big computer
C．can save a lot of money.
D．will be willing and ready to do scientific work
5. What do we learn from the passage about the first device that was called a personal computer? A．It looked very different from the PC we know today.
B．It was small, light and easy to carry around.
C．It was as efficient as a big computer.
D．It relieved people of a great deal of tedious work
Passage2
There are several ways of testing the intelligence (智力) of animals. In one test, some scientists put three plates on the table. While the animal watched, they put food under one of the plates. Then they took the animal away. Some time later, they brought it back to see if it remembered which plate had the food. The idea is to find out how long an animal’s memory can last. The scientists would try showing the plate to the animal one hour later, or two hours later, or even a full day later. They found out that chimpanzees and elephants have the best memory, and re-able to remember the correct plate for at least twenty hours. No other animal is close. Dogs come next, but they can only remember for nine hours. The scientists made a large maze (迷宫) and ran the chimpanzees and elephants through it. The maze was very difficult with many dead ends. It took the chimpanzees ten minutes to find their way out. The elephants needed half an hour. The test showed that chimpanzees are the cleverest animals.
From this and other tests the scientists found out an animal’s intelligence depends on the size of its brain to the size of its body. The elephant’s brain is ten pounds, but this is only 1/600 of its body. A chimpanzee’s brain is about one pound, and it’s 1/120 of its body. So the chimpanzee has five times as much brain as the elephant – more brain.
6. The first test was made to tes t an animal’s _________.
A. nose
B. memory
C. eyes
D. patience
7. This passage tells us that elephants _________.
A. are the cleverest animals
B. are cleverer than chimpanzees
C. have worse memories than dogs
D. are less clever than chimpanzees
8. Which of the following is TRUE?
A. Scientists have found out the secret of the intelligence of animals.
B. Dogs are less useful than elephants.
C. Chimpanzees and elephants have better memories than people.
D. The h eavier an animal’s brains is, the cleverer it is.
9. If an animal’s body is 2100poudns, and it has a 3 – pound brain, it is _________.
A. as clever as a chimpanzee
B. cleverer than an elephant
C. less clever than an elephant
D. as clever as an elephant
10. Which is the best title of this passage?
A. Want to know about the intelligence of animals
B. The chimpanzee’s brain
C. The elephant’s memory
D. Where to test animals’ memory
Passage 3
Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:
This story began about 10 years ago. I was coming out of a very bad marriage. For seven long years my husband spent his every waking moment telling me just what was wrong with me. When I finally asked for a divorce, he answered by telling me that I would never find anyone to love me because I was just so unattractive. This went on for about two years. One night one of my friends convinced me to go out with her. We went to a nightclub and that is when I met him.
Clint was playing a game with a girl. I sat in the corner watching him. I didn't feel that I had whatever it took to get up and mix with others because of my self-esteem(自尊心) problem. Finally I got up the courage to order a drink for him. When he got it, he gave me the most dazzling(感人的) smile. We spent the rest of the evening talking until I realized that it was almost morning. I figured that he was simply being nice to me because I had bought him a drink, but the very next day he called and told me that he could not stop thinking about me and that he wanted to meet my kids too.
About 3 months later, my divorce was final and Clint sat my boys down and asked them if it was all right with them if he asked me to marry him because he could not imagine life without the three of us anymore. I was so touched that he went to my boys and asked for their approval(同意) because they were the "men of the house" at the ripe old ages of 2 and 4. They said yes and we have all been together ever since. Clint gave me and my boys a second chance at a wonderful life. Not a day goes by that he doesn't tell us that we are the best thing that ever happened to him and that he loves us.
11. The writer's first marriage was unsuccessful because ________.
A．her husband often woke her up at midnight
B．her husband kept criticizing her
C．she was unattractive
D．she had a self-esteem problem
12. When the writer asked for a divorce, her husband ________.
A．told her that she would never find one who loved her as he did
B．delayed two years before giving her a reply
C．accused her of having an affair
D．said that she was unattractive and not worth loving
13. When the writer first met Clint, she felt that ________.
A．she should have listened to her friend and met Clint earlier
B．Clint was a nice, dazzling young man
C．Clint could not be really interested in her
D．she would find true love in Clint
14. The writer was particularly touched by Clint because ________.
A．he loved the kids and asked for their approval of the marriage
B．he said that he could not imagine a life without her and the kids
C．he believed that at 2 and 4, the two kids were the "men of the house"
D．he kept her company and talked with her until the next morning
15. The writer's marriage to Clint is important to her mainly because ________.
A．it gave her and her sons a second chance to live a happy life
B．every day Clint would tell the writer that he loved her
C．it helped her to regain her self respect
D．it made her kids happy, which is all she cared about
Passage 4
Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage:
At 26, Jane Goodall had no college education or science training. But since childhood, she had been dreaming of working closely with animals in Africa. "All through my childhood people said you can't go to Africa. You're a girl," Goodall says. But my mother used to say, if you really want to, there's nothing you can't do."
In 1957, the 26-year-old Goodall journeyed to Kenya to work as a secretary. She also arranged to meet the famous scientist Louis Leakey, who was so impressed by her enthusiasm that he hired her as his assistant. She went with him on many trips to the African jungle(丛林) and in 1960 Leakey sent Goodall to live among chimpanzees in a remote animal preserve(禁猎地), recording the animals' behavior and interactions.
For three months Goodall made little progress. But she says, "I never came close to giving up." Her breakthrough came one day when she saw a male chimpanzee stick a blade of grass into a termite(白蚁) hill, then put the grass in his mouth. Afterward she approached the hill and did the same. Pulling the grass out, she discovered dozens of termites clinging to it. The discovery--that some animals use tools--was unknown to most scientists at the time.
Goodall saw chimpanzees exhibit human-like emotions, such as jealousy and love. But she also discovered they were capable of violent attacks against each other.
Goodall received her Ph.D. in the study of animal behavior at England's Cambridge University. Now she travels around the globe raising money to preserve wildlife. "I love being in the forest with the chimps," she says. "I'd much rather be there than traveling around from city to city."
16. What was Goodall's childhood dream?
A．She dreamed of going to college.
B．She dreamed of studying animals in Africa.
C．She dreamed of becoming a famous scientist.
D．She dreamed of traveling all around the world.
17. What did Goodall's mother think of her dream?
A．As a girl she should not go to the African jungle.
B．Her dream would remain a dream unless she got the right training.
C．As a girl she should stay away from violent animals.
D．She could make her dream come true if she was determined.
18. Goodall's most important discovery is that _______.
A．some animals use tools.
B．like humans animals have emotions .
C．chimpanzees could attack each other violently.
D．termites are chimpanzees's favorite food.
19. Goodall's success is chiefly due to ________.
A．her exceptional talents
B．scientific training
C．determination and patience
D．her enthusiasm and good luck
20. What is Goodall doing now?
A．Studying animal behavior at Cambridge University.
B．Raising funds for the preservation of wildlife.
C．Observing chimpanzees in African jungles.
D．Working hard for a PhD degree.
Passage 5
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:
"Keep an eye on Esther. I'll be back in a second," Joy Warren said to her three-year-old son Stephen, who was sitting in the back of the Buick. She didn't like leaving the children alone in the car, but the baby was sleeping soundly. And it would only be a moment.
She had hardly walked 40 yards when she saw the car moving. It headed straight towards the river. Unable to swim, Joy shouted, "My babies are in that car!"
Daniel Whitehead, a 17-year-old student, was walking by the river when the Buick crashed into the water just yards ahead. Without thinking, Daniel jumped in. Though a competitive swimmer, he was shocked by the icy chill.
Two minutes earlier, Skip Womack had pulled to a halt as the Buick ran in front of him. Now seeing it hit the water and hearing Joy's cries, Skip got out of his truck and jumped into the water. He had only one thought: If I don't get them out, they'll drown.
Daniel reached the car and grabbed a door handle. But the water was only four inches beneath the window, and the door wouldn't open. With one powerful punch, Daniel and Skip broke a window. Daniel reached inside and lifted Stephen out. He placed him on his back and set out for shore. At the same time, Skip squeezed himself through the window. He managed to free Esther from beneath her seat belt. After he got out of the car with the baby, he held her over the water and swam toward the shore. All this took place just seconds before the Buick disappeared beneath the water.
Later, driving home, Skip thought of his wife and children--how close he'd come to leaving them behind. He thought of the miracle he'd lived through, and how two children were still alive because he and Daniel happened to be in the right place at the right time.
21. Why did Joy leave her children in the car?
A．She did not like shopping with a child in hand.
B．She did not like waking up her baby.
C．Stephen was big enough to take care of his sister.
D．It was icy cold outside.
22. Daniel and Skip, who saved the lives of the two kids, ________.
A．had been good friends
B．were two close friends of Joy Warren's
C．were Joy Warren's neighbors
D．were strangers before the accident
23. How did Daniel get Stephen out of danger?
A．He squeezed into the car and carried him out.
B．He pulled him out through the broken window.
C．He freed him from his seatbelt before he got him out.
D．He held him over the water and swam back to shore.
24. What happened to Joy Warren's Buick?
A．It had four inches of water in it.
B．One of its windows could not be opened.
C．It was pulled out of water and set on the shore.
D．It sank to the bottom of the river.
25. How did Skip feel on his way home?
A．He felt lucky to be still alive after having saved the lives of two kids.
B．He missed his wife and children, whom he had left behind in the morning.
C．He felt very thankful to Daniel, without whom he would not have made it.
D．He wondered how he and Daniel could be in the right place at the right time.
Passage 6
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:
The kids are hanging out. I pass small bands of once-and-future students on my way to work these summer mornings.
These kids are not old enough for jobs. Nor are they rich enough for camp. They are school children without school. The calendar(年历) called the school year ran out on them a few weeks ago. Once looked after by teachers and headmasters, they now appear to be in "self care."
For much of our history, however, Americans framed the school year around the needs of work and family. In 19th-century cities, schools were open seven or eight hours a day, 11 months a year. In rural America, the year was arranged around the growing seasons. Now, only 3 percent of families follow the agricultural model, but nearly all schools are scheduled as if our children went home early to milk cows and took months off to work the crops. Now, three-quarters of the mothers of school-age children work, but the calendar is written as if they were home waiting for the school bus.
The six-hour day, the 180-day school year is regarded as somehow sacred(神圣的). But when parents work an eight-hour day and a 240-day year, it means something different. It means that many kids go home to empty houses. It means that, in the summer, they hang out.
"We have a huge mismatch between the school calendar and the realities of family life," says educator Dr. Ernest Boyer.
Dr. Boyer is one of many who believe that a radical revision of the school calendar is necessary. "School, whether we like it or not, is custodial(监管的) and educational. It always has been."
26. In speaking of "once-and-future students", the author is referring to ________.
A．kids too young to take a job
B．school children old enough to take care of themselves
C．kids who cannot afford to go camping
D．school children on summer vacation
27. For a long time in American history, the school year was arranged to meet the needs of ________.
A．school children
B．working parents
C．farm hands
D．teachers and headmasters
28. By "a huge mismatch between the school calendar and the realities of family life? Dr. Boyer means the school calendar ________.
A．is much shorter than parents' working days
B．makes it impossible for parents to live a normal life
C．allows children to hang out instead of helping their parents
D．is set on the agricultural model
29. From the passage we can learn that Dr. Boyer believes school should educate children and ________.
A．motivate them
B．entertain them
C．take care of them
D．help their parents
30. The author's main purpose in writing this passage is to drive home the point that ________. A．American children must stop hanging out
B．US kids need more school time
C．the advantages of a longer school year outweigh its disadvantages
D．parents are not happy about the present school calendar
31. The rainstorm has damaged the crops. The loss has not yet been _______ accurately, but it is believed to be well beyond a million dollars.
A) considered B) assessed C) explored D) calculated
32. "If nothing ________, all of us will be enjoying the best musical performance in the famous Sidney Opera House by this time tomorrow," the guide told the tourists.
A) is visible B) is available C) goes wrong D) messes around
33. Unfortunately, those who ________ the accident cannot recall what happened. Therefore the cause of the accident remains a mystery.
A) survived B) escaped C) abandoned D) spotted
34. The negotiators believe that it is ________ both parties to establish a joint venture in Shanghai.
A) in the interest of B) in response to C) for the reference of D) grateful to
35. It won't take long to ________ the situation. But I need some more time before I come up with
a plan to solve the problem.
A) sum up B) size up C) figure out D) wipe out
36. The representatives ________ their discussion after the coffee break.
A) jammed B) undertook C) skipped D) resumed
37. Some parents are just too protective. They want to ________ their kids from every kind of danger, real or imagined.
A) shelter B) locate C) prevent D) release
38. The Democratic Party must reach out to the people and ________ its message if it is to win the election.
A) figure out B) take over C) drive home D) throw up
39. The director seems to have ________ new ideas. His recent productions are nothing but copies of his old films.
A) fallen short of B) lost touch with C) come up with D) run out of
40. The shirt is ________ in small, medium and large sizes.
A) original B) visible C) available D) delicate
41. On my way to school, I saw people ________ advertisements and sample products.
A) conveying B) creating C) discarding D) distributing
42. The city government promises to________ the problem of unemployment in real earnest.
A) postpone B) tackle C) compose D) anticipate
43. The professor thought that I was making good progress in my studies and told me to________ my good work.
A) keep up B) go ahead with C) hold back D) come up with
44. Many people are still unwilling to buy on credit. The idea of spending money before one earns it ________ among the Chinese.
A) has not yet taken hold B) has not yet put across C) has passed away D) has not yet fitted into
45. It is a huge task to ________ all the rooms in the building in such a short time.
A) go ahead with B) keep up C) clean up D) work out
46. The meeting was ________ by the National Association of Women for the purpose of furthering the women's liberation movement.
A) chaired B) sponsored C) participated D) assigned
47. I have searched all the book stores in this town. The book you asked for is not ________.
A) tedious B) vivid C) available D) sufficient
48. A railway ticket should indicate the place of departure as well as the ________ of the trip.
A) arrival B) image C) destination D) sequence
49. During the war there was a severe food shortage. It was not unusual that even the well-to-do families had to ________ meat for days.
A) do with B) do without C) turn away D) turn in
50. Because of the mist, none of those who saw the flying object could tell its ________shape.
A) steady B) likely C) precise D) rigid
51. The Spring Festival, like Christmas in western countries, is a holiday for family ________.
A) amusement B) reunion C) entertainment D) congratulation
52. Sports is not just for fun or exercise. It is also good for _________ building.
A) capacity B) reputation C) confidence D) character
53. Thirty miles away from the town, the robbers __________ the car and disappeared into the woods.
A) approached B) ground C) abandoned D) removed
54. You'd sound a lot more polite if you make the request ________ a question.
A) in the form of B) in terms of C) on the basis of D) in two minds about
55. "You ________ call me uncle because I am about the same age as your father," said the visitor to the boy.
A) more or less B) may just as well C) sort of D) off and on
56. It's one thing to communicate with your friends on the phone, but it is quite another to________ a nice letter explaining the same ideas.
A) convey B) distribute C) inquire D) compose
57. A good teacher is able to ________ a complicated idea in very simple terms.
A) work out B) go by C) put across D) bring about
58. The purpose of this test is to measure students'________ to learn instead of their present achievements.
A) capacity B) attitude C) confidence D) determination
59. Lying in hospital, the patient _________ the outside world by watching news programs on TV every night.
A) kept in touch with B) faced up to C) turned the clock back D) slowed down
60. The birth rate in a city _________ to fall as its gross domestic product (GDP) rises steadily.
A) estimates B) anticipates C) assumes D) tends
61. I take pride in being an independent thinker in full possession of my critical ________.
A) function B) faculties C) judgment D) abilities
62. I don't know what is wrong with the machine. We need an engineer to _______ the problem.
A) undertake B) encounter C) reveal D) identify
63. Though man has _____ the universe and made numerous discoveries, even to this day he is still very ignorant of himself.
A) acquired B) assessed C) explored D) calculated
64. It is _________ of you to shelter the kids from bad movies that are likely to affect their healthy growth.
A) sensible B) humble C) tedious D) reasonable
65. Because my TV set _________ I could not watch the football game broadcast live last night.
A) broke up B) broke off C) broke down D) broke out
66. Jack was so ________ the computer game that he didn't notice my arrival.
A) absorbed in B) grateful to C) thoughtful of D) associated with
67. Over the years my father had gradually _________ a collection of ancient coins.
A) absorbed B) accumulated C) grasped D) gripped
68. Looking through the telescope(望远镜), the captain _____ a whale slowly emerging from the water.
A) revealed B) searched C) scanned D) spotted
69. Catching sight of her old friend Tom, Lucy _________ for him to come over and sit in a seat next to her.
A) moved B) swayed C) signaled D) twisted
70. How to create enough jobs for the laid-off workers is a(n) ________ problem for which there is no simple solution.
A) complex B) internal C) emergency D) delicate
Directions: Each blank in the following passages is provided with four choices. reach each of the passage and choose the best answer for each blank. Then, mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.
Most children with healthy appetites are ready to eat almost anything that is offered them and a child rarely dislikes food 71）_____ it is badly cooked. The 72）_____ a meal is cooked and served is most important and an 73）_____ served meal will often improve a child's appetite. Never ask a child 74）_____ he likes or dislikes a food and never 75）_____ likes and dislikes in front of him or allow 76）_____ else to do so. If the father says he hates fat meat or the mother 77）_____ vegetables in the child's hearing he is 78）_____ to copy this procedure. Take it 79）_____ granted
that he likes everything and he probably 80）_____. Nothing healthful should be omitted from the meal because of a 81）_____ dislike. At meal times it is a good82）_____ give a child a small portion and let him 83）_____ back for a second helping rather than give him as 84）_____ as he is likely to eat all at once. Do not talk too much to the child 85）_____ meal times, but let him get on with his food, and do not allow him to leave the table immediately after a meal or he will soon learn to swallow his food so he can hurry back to his toys. Under no circumstances must a child be coaxed （哄骗）or forced to eat.
71. A）if B）until C）that D）unless
72. A）procedure B）process C）way D）method
73. A）adequately B）attractively C）urgently D）eagerly
74. A）whether B）what C）that D）which
75. A）remark B）tell C）discuss D）argue
76. A）everybody B）anybody C）somebody D）nobody
77. A）opposes B）denies C）refuses D）offends
78. A）willing B）possible C）obliged D）likely
79. A）with B）as C）over D）for
80. A）should B）may C）will D）must
81. A）supposed B）proved C）considered D）related
82. A）point B）custom C）idea D）plan
83. A）ask B）come C）return D）take
84. A）much B）little C）few D）many
85. A）on B）over C）by D）during
Every few weeks, outside the movie theater in practically any American town in the late 1910s, stood the life-size cardboard figure of a small tramp(流浪汉)--dressed (86)_______ ragged, baggy pants, a cutaway coat and vest and a battered derby hat -- (87) _______ the words I AM HERE TODAY. An advertisement(88) _______ a Charlie Chaplin film was a (89) _______ of happiness, of that precious, almost shocking moment when art delivers (90) _______ life cannot.
Eighty years (91) _______ , Chaplin is still here. In a 1995 worldwide survey of film critics, Chaplin was voted (92) _______ greatest actor in movie history. He was the first, (93) _______ the last, person to control (94) _______ aspect of the filmmaking process -- (95) _______ his own studio and producing, directing, writing, and editing the movies he starred in. In the first few decades of the 20th century, (96) _______ weekly movie-going was the national (97) _______ , Chaplin more or less helped (98) _______ an industry into an art. In 1916, his (99) _______ year in films, his salary of $10,000 a week made him the highest-paid actor -- (100) _______ the highest-paid person -- in the world. (101) _______ 1920, the Chaplin craze, accompanied by a flood of Chaplin dances, songs, dolls, comic books and cocktails, was (102 _______ everywhere. Filmmaker Mack Sennett thought (103) _______ "just the greatest artist who ever lived." Other early admirers (104) _______ George Bernard Shaw, Marcel Proust, and Sigmund Freud. (105) _______ 1981 to 1987, IBM used the Tramp as the logo (标识) to advertise its venture into personal computers.
86.A) for B) in C) by D) with
87.A) bearing B) writing C) reading D) conveying
88.A) on B) at C) for D) by。