2019_2020学年高中英语Unit23ConflictSectionⅤGrammar

2019_2020学年⾼中英语Unit23ConflictSectionⅤGrammar Section Ⅴ Grammar & Writing
A卷
Ⅰ单句语法填空
1．I (know) him for more than ten years.
答案：have known
2．I (not see) any of Picasso’s paintings before I visited the art museum.
答案：had not seen
3．He (walk) to school before his father bought him a bicycle.
答案：had been walking
4．He (wait) for you since six o’clock.
答案：has been waiting
5．I (be) in hospital for two months next Sunday.
答案：will have been
6．It was the fence Tom painted white yesterday.
答案：that
7．It was not until dark he realized it was too late to return home.
答案：that
8．Not until twelve o’clock (do) he go to bed last night.
答案：did
9．It is said that there (be) wolves in this forest.
答案：were
10．By the time the case comes to trial, he (spend) a year in prison.
答案：will have spent
Ⅱ阅读理解
A
I spent three months volunteering with Volunteer Bolivia. It was at times annoying, scary and difficult, but also life-changing, satisfying and amazing. Because I had studied Spanish for a couple of years before I went out, I had just one week of classes at Volunteer Bolivia.
Living with a family also helped my Spanish greatly and I felt immediately like one of their daughters. They were good friends from the beginning of my time there
and I was looked after very well. I still had a lot of independence. The Volunteer Bolivia Centre, with its café bar and cultural talks, was a meeting place for all the volunteers and I met some wonderful people from all over the world who were doing the same as me—giving something of themselves to a country which needed so much.
My placement was in a caring centre for prisoners’ children from the Cochabamba prisons and from the very start I felt
welcomed and needed. There I met some inspiring members who put so much of their heart into caring for those children who maybe had no one else to love them. The work itself was not only very hard but at times emotionally demanding, especially sending a group of two-year-olds back into the prison at the end of the day. Despite all this, I learnt a lot through the experience and now I’m more aware of the problems faced daily by many people in South America. The centre has very limited funding so they rely heavily on the work of volunteers, and any time people give is very valuable to them. Since returning to Britain I have kept in touch with the people I worked with and I’m trying to support them as much as possible. Volunteering through Volunteer Bolivia has changed my life and is an experience I will never forget.
【解题导语】作者介绍了⾃⼰在The Volunteer Bolivia Centre做志愿者的经历。

作者认为这段经历对⾃⼰影响很⼤，是难忘的。

1．We can infer that the official language of Bolivia is most probably ．A．English B．Spanish
C．French D．Italian
B解析：推理判断题。

根据⽂中的Because I had studied Spanish for a couple of years before I went out, I had just one week of classes at Volunteer Bolivia.可知， Bolivia的官⽅语⾔是西班⽛语。

2．Where did the author stay when she was in Bolivia?
A．In a hotel.
B．In the volunteer centre.
C．In a café bar.
D．With a local family.
D解析：细节理解题。

根据⽂中的Living with a family also helped my Spanish greatly and I felt immediately like one of their daughters.可知，作者是与当地的⼀个家庭住在⼀起。

3．The author’s job as a volunteer in Bolivia was to ．
A．raise money for some prisons
B．meet volunteers from other countries
C．look after some prisoners’ children
D．help the local people with their farm work
C解析：细节理解题。

根据⽂中的My placement was in a caring centre for prisoners’ children from the Cochabamba prisons... those children who maybe had no one else to love them.可知，作者志愿⼯作的内容是照看⼀些犯⼈的孩⼦。

4．What can we learn from the passage?
A．All people in Bolivia need the volunteers’ help.
B．There is the world’s largest number of prisoners in Bolivia.
C．The author was a college student when she went to Bolivia.
D．The author’s experience in Bolivia had a great effect on her.
D解析：推理判断题。

作者从第⼀段开始介绍，这次志愿者⼯作的准备⼯作，下⽂介绍了这次⼯作的具体内容和对⾃⼰的影响。

故选D项。

B
At a young age, Patti Wilson was told by her doctor that she was an epileptic(癫痫病患者)．Her father, Jim Wilson, is a morning jogger.She ran with her father every day.After a few weeks, she told her father, “Daddy, what I’d really love to do is break the world’s long-distance running record for women.”Her father checked the Guinness World Records and found that the farthest any woman had run was 80 miles.
As a freshman in high school, Patti announced, “I’m going to run from Orange County up to San Francisco.”(A distance of 400 miles.) “As a sophomore(⼆年级学⽣)，”she went on, “I’m going to run to Portland, Oregon.”(Over 1，500 miles)．“As a junior, I’ll run to St.Louis.”(About 2，000 miles)．“As a senior, I’ll run to the White House.”(More than 3，000 miles away.)
In view of her handicap(缺陷)，Patti was as ambitious as she was enthusiastic, but she said s he looked at the handicap of being an epileptic as simply “an inconvenience”．She focused not on what she had lost, but on what she had left.
That year she completed her run to San Francisco wearing a T-shirt that read, “I Love Epileptics.”In her sophomore year, Patti’s classmates got behind her.They built a large poster that read—“Run, Patti, Run！”
On her second marathon(马拉松)，a doctor told her she had to stop.“Doctor, you don’t understand，”she said.“I’m doing it to break the chains on the brains that l imit so many others.”
She finished the run to Portland, completing her last mile with the governor
of Oregon.After four months of almost continuous running from the West Coast to the East Coast, Patti arrived in Washington and shook the hand of the then President of the United States.She told him，“I wanted people to know that epileptics are normal human beings with normal lives.”
Because of Patti’s efforts, enough money had been raised to open up 19 multi -million-dollar epileptic centers around the country.If Patti Wilson can do so much with so little, what can you do to outperform(超越) yourself in a state of total wellness?
【解题导语】本⽂是⼀篇记叙⽂。

Patti虽⾝患癫痫病，但她能够突破⾃我，不懈努⼒，最终实现了⾃⼰打破⼥性长跑世界纪录的⽬标。

5．What was Patti’s goal?
A．To beat a record.
B．To help the disabled.
C．To run through the nation.
D．To make an international tour.
A解析：细节理解题。

根据第⼀段中的what I’d really love to do is break the world’s long-distance running record for women可知，Patti想打破⼥性长跑的世界纪录。

6．How did Patti look at her illness?
A．She thought of it as a gift.
B．She devoted all her attention to it.
C．She faced it with discouragement.
D．She considered it a small difficulty.
D解析：推理判断题。

根据第三段可知，Patti认为她患有癫痫病的这种缺陷只是⼀个⼩问题。

7．What did Patti do when a doctor asked her to stop her run?
A．She followed his advice.
B．She focused on her treatment.
C．She continued without quitting.
D．She asked for her classmates’ assistance.
C解析：推理判断题。

根据倒数第三段中的I’m doing it to break the chains on the brains that limit so many others.以及倒数第⼆段的描述可知，Patti并没有放弃，⽽是继续完成她的长跑计划。

8．Why did the author ask the question in the last paragraph?
A．To ask readers to answer it.
B．To get inactive people to run.
C．To encourage deep thinking.
D．To show his view on success.
C解析：推理判断题。

作者将Patti⾝患癫痫病与读者健康的状态(in a state of total wellness)进⾏对⽐，⽤Patti拥有的如此少，却可以做这么多，来对读者提问，⽬的是想引起读者深思。

Ⅲ语法填空
James Cameron was born in 1954. A science fiction fan as a child, he grew up to become one of 1. most outstanding film-makers in Hollywood. At first he studied physics at California State University, 2. he left to follow his cinematic dream. When he was working 3. a truck driver, Cameron would stop the truck by the side of the road to work on screenplays, which 4. (contribute) to his success. In 1978, Cameron made his first film, a science fiction short called Xenogenesis. The film helped him get a job with New World Pictures, a company run by 5. (know) B-movie director Roger Corman. Years later, Cameron began his masterpiece Titanic, a movie about unlucky lovers 6. (trap) aboard the Titanic ocean liner. Titanic eventually became the first film 7. (earn) nominations(提名). For his work on the film, he took home three Oscars.
Even though he 8. (win) countless awards, he still tries hard to be a director truly committed to his work. Perhaps that is the reason why he is so famous 9. (globe). He can create new kinds of films and take our 10. (imagine) to places where we have never gone before.
1．the解析：考查冠词的⽤法。

此处意为：最著名的电影制作者之⼀。

故⽤最⾼级。

2．but解析：考查连词的⽤法。

此处表⽰转折，“但是他离开了⼤学去追寻电影梦想。

”
3．as解析：考查介词的⽤法。

work as...担任……
4．contributed解析：考查动词的时态。

此处表⽰过去的动作，故⽤⼀般过去时。

5．known解析：考查词性转换。

此处是形容词作定语修饰director。

6．trapped解析：考查⾮谓语动词。

此处是过去分词作后置定语，表⽰被动。

7．to earn解析：考查⾮谓语动词。

名词前⾯被the first修饰时，后⾯⽤不定式作后置定语。

8．has won解析：考查动词的时态。

句意：虽然他获得了⽆数的奖项，故⽤现在完成时。

9．globally解析：考查词性转换。

此处是副词作状语。

意为：全球出名。

10．imagination解析：考查词性转换。

our后接名词。

imagination n．想象⼒。

B卷
Ⅰ阅读理解
A
There is some unwelcome news for students preparing for exams—you don’t need the break as much as you may think that makes you feel less tired.
Scientists have long assumed that willpower is a limited resource, which is why you feel the need to have a rest, have a snack and come back to a task w hen you’re feeling better. They argued that the only way to restore willpower was by rest, food or entertainment.
But psychologists have challenged this theory, saying weak willpower is all in your head. They found that people’s beliefs in willpower determine how long and how well they’ll be able to work on a tough mental exercise.“If you think of willpower as something that’s limited, you’re more likely to be tired when you perform a difficult task, ” said Prof. Veronika Job.“But if you think of willpower as something that is not easily used up, you can go on and on.”
The researchers designed four experiments to test students’beliefs in willpower. After a tiring task, those, who believed or were led to believe that willpower is a limited resource, performed worse on standard concentration tests than those who thought of willpower as something they had more control over. They also found that leading up to final exam week, students who believed the limited resource theory ate junk food 24 percent more often than those who believed they had more control in resisting temptation.
Mr. Job said.“The theory that willpower is a limited resource is interesting, but it has had unintended consequences. Students who may already have trouble studying are being told that their power of concentration is limited, and they need to take frequent breaks. But a belief in willpower as a non-limited resource makes people stronger in their ability to work through challenges.”
The findings could help people who are ba ttling temptation. Willpower isn’t driven by a biologically based process as much
as we used to think. The belief in it is what influences your behavior.
【解题导语】⼈们长久以来认为意志⼒是有限的，所以⼈们累了就需要休息。

但是⼀项新的研究表明，⼈的意志⼒是⽆限的，这会导致⼈们更加专注，对于那些和诱惑做⽃争的⼈，这个发现是很有⽤的。

1．The theory that willpower is limited supports that ．
A．people must eat snacks when they feel tired
B．people do need a break to restore their willpower
C．there’s no way to stre ngthen people’s willpower
D．weak willpower doesn’t affect people’s life much
B解析：细节理解题。

根据第⼆段的句⼦“They argued that the only way to restore willpower was by rest, food or entertainment.”可知⼈们的意志⼒是有限的，⼈们需要休息、⾷物或娱乐来修复他们的意志⼒。

故选B。

2．What have the scientists long believed regarding willpower?
A．It is in the charge of people.
B．It is a limited resource.
C．There is no way to restore willpower.
D．It doesn’t easily run out.
B解析：细节理解题。

根据⽂章第⼆段的句⼦“Scientists have long assumed that willpower is a limited resource, which is why you feel the need to have a rest, have a snack and come back to a task when you’re feeling better.”可知科学家长期以来认为意志⼒是⼀个有限的资源。

故选B。

3．Which of the following best helps the students to prepare better for their exams?
A．Push themselves even if they want to take a break.
B．Don’t eat fast food while studying.
C．Remind themselves willpower is not limited.
D．Stay in a comfortable and quiet place.
C解析：细节理解题。

从⽂章第四段的句⼦“After a tiring task, those, who believed or were led to believe that willpower is a limited resource, performed worse on standard concentration tests than those who thought of willpower as something they had more cont rol over.” 可知孩⼦提醒⾃⼰意志⼒不是有限的可以帮助他们更好的准备考试。

故选C。

4．What’s the best title for the passage?
A．A new Theory About Willpower
B．How to Build Strong Willpower
C．The Great Influence of Willpower
D．Willpower Doesn’t Last Long
A解析：标题归纳题。

根据全篇⽂章和第⼀段的句⼦“There is some unwelcome news
for students preparing for exams—you don’t need the break as much as you may think that makes you feel less tired.” 可知⽂章介绍了⼀个关于意志⼒的新发现。

故选A。

B
Just outside the jungle, a crowd gathers around a wooden tower built on a steep hill.A young man climbs up the shaky structure(结构体) to a platform and ties vines(藤蔓) around his ankles and legs.Then he jumps off the tower headfirst.Just before he crashes to the ground, the vines go tight and his shoulders brush the earth.The crowd cheers as his friends run up to untie his feet, and another man begins climbing the tower.
This is a naghol ritual(陆地蹦极仪式)，also called land diving, an ancient tradition followed on Pentecost Island.Traditionally, if a diver touched the ground with his shoulders, this was believed to ensure a good harvest.
Now, the ritual has become a rite of passage(成⼈礼仪式)．When a boy jumps for the first time, his mother throws away an item from his childhood, showing he has entered adulthood.Women and young children are not allowed to dive, but almost any male can participate.
The ritual is clearly dangerous though it is rare for anyone to die doing it.Divers make their own platforms and measure the vines themselves.Then no one else can be blamed for a deadly accident.
Land diving happens repeatedly throughout April and May.On any day of the diving, the whole village gathers.The mornings include music, dancing and sometimes plays, and later after all the dives, everyone enjoys a large meal. Visitors are allowed to watch though they aren’t permitted to jump.
But if you want to see land diving, you should prepare well in advance.There are few flights to Pentecost Island, and the island has only a small number of guest houses.
Jumping off a wooden tower and speeding toward the ground protected only by vines may seem crazy.But this practice led to the sport of bungee jumping(蹦极跳), which is now practiced all over the
/doc/3ca5bf8e24fff705cc1755270722192e453658b7.html nd diving began as a way to make the land fertile, but it has become a sign of growing up and now a fun activity.
【解题导语】本⽂是⼀篇说明⽂。

在 Pentecost岛上有⼀种传统的陆地蹦极仪式，这⼀仪式后来变成⼀种成⼈礼仪式，并衍⽣出⼀种极限运动——蹦极。

5．Why was the traditional naghol ritual on Pentecost Island performed?
A．To bring people good luck.
B．To choose a strong leader.
C．To expect a fruitful year.
D．To celebrate a festival.
C解析：推理判断题。

由第⼆段中的Traditionally, if a diver touched the ground with his shoulders, this was believed to ensure a good harvest.可知，在Pentecost 岛，⼈们举⾏陆地蹦极仪式，是期望有⼀个好收成。

6．What do we know about the rite of passage?
A．It is enjoyable.
B．It is male-intended.
C．It is practiced globally.
D．It is for people of all ages.
B解析：细节理解题。

由第三段中的Women and young children are not allowed to dive, but almost any male can participate.可知，这⼀成⼈礼仪式不允许⼥性和⼩孩参加，但是⼏乎所有的男性都可以参加。

7．What are visitors of land diving advised to do?
A．Arrive before April.
B．Live outside Pentecost Island.
C．Challenge themselves to jump.
D．Make careful preparations beforehand.
D解析：推理判断题。

由倒数第⼆段中的you should prepare well in advance...the island has only a small number of guest houses可知，游客如果想观看蹦极，需要提前做好准备，因为飞往Pentecost岛的航班较少，⽽且岛上的旅馆并不多。

8．What is the best title for the text?
A．Land Diving：Test Your Courage
B．Have Fun with a Dangerous Game
C．The Comeback of a Traditional Ritual
D．Pentecost Island：the Home of Land Diving
A解析：标题归纳题。

通读全⽂可知，本⽂主要讲述了Pentecost岛上传统的陆地蹦极仪式逐渐变成⼀种成⼈礼仪式，并衍⽣出⼀种极限运动——蹦极。

A项作标题能概括⽂章主旨。

Ⅱ短⽂改错
One of my favorite proverb is “Happiness isn ’t getting all you want but enjoying
all you have”．It told us that we should learn to be content and value what we have.
Many people chase after happiness all their lives, so they never know what happiness
really means. They want possess as much as possible because they think the more they
gain, the happy they will be. So they usually ignore that what they have. Such people
will feel disappointing if they can ’t get something that actually doesn ’t belong
to him. When this happens, they will think they are unluckily and even lose hopes
of life. Remember being content is happiness. Concentrate to the things and the
people around us, and we will find true happiness.
答案：
One of my favorite proverb proverbs
is “Happiness isn’t getting all you want but enjoying all you hav e”．It told tells
us that we should learn to be content and value what we have. Many people chase after happiness all their lives, so but they never know what happiness really means. They want to ∧ possess as much as possible because they
think the more they gain, the happy happier
they will be. So they usually ignore that what they have. Such people will feel disappointing disappointed
if they can’t get something that actually doesn ’t belong to him them
. When this happens, they will think they are unluckily unlucky
and even lose hopes of life. Remember being content is happiness. Concentrate to on
the things and the people around us, and we will find true happiness. Ⅲ书⾯表达
假设你是李华，最近在国外某购物⽹站购买了⼀本韦⽒学⽣词典(Webster ’s
Dictionary for Students )，到货后你发现它存在缺页现象，⽽且随字典所附的光盘也⽆法
使⽤。

请你给卖家写⼀封电⼦邮件进⾏投诉。

注意：1.词数100左右(开头和结尾已给出，但不计⼊总词数)；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使⾏⽂连贯。

Dear Sir or Madam ，
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua One possible version：
Dear Sir or Madam，
I am sorry to trouble you but I am afraid that I have to make a complaint about the Webster’s Dictionary for Students
purchased from your website.
In the first place, a few pages like Page 205 and Page 206 are missing. In addition, the CD enclosed doesn’t work at all. Therefore, I would like to either change the dictionary for another one or get a full refund. I would be grateful if you could settle my complaint as soon as possible.
I hope you’ll pay full attention to the matter.Your early reply will be highly appreciated.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua。