高考英语 倒装语法及习题

高考倒装语句
倒装：把谓语动词放在主语之前为倒装。

一．全部：整个谓语动词提到主语前面
㈠⑴ so / neither / nor + 助动词 / 情态动词 / be + 主语，表前面否定 / 肯定情况也适用第二主语，与前面谓语一样，但主语不一样，倒装。

与前面的谓语一样，主语一样，不倒装（他的确是这样）
如：She is a teacher. So am I. I can speak French. So can you.
They have known it. So has Miss Yang.
He is interested in pop – songs, and so am I.
You say he works hard, so he does and so do you.
题：① David has made great progress recently. ___________, and ___________.
A. So he has; so you have
B. So he has, so have you
C. So has he; so have you
D. So has he; so you have
② I’m going to an amusement park. ___________.
A. So am I
B. So are you
C. So you are
D. So I am
③ I hope to visit the Summer Palace ___________.
A. So do I
B. So I do
C. Yes, I do
D. So you have
⑵当前一个句子中有不一样的谓语时，后一个句子也不用倒装而用it is / was with + sb 结构
如：He was born in Boston and grew up in France. So it was with me.
㈡表位移的副词，介词短语充当的状语位于句首，谓语动词为不及物动词时（have, there, now, down, out, up in, then，over, thus）
如：Under the tree lie 6 little boys. Now comes your turn to play.
The door opened and in came Mr. Green, our headmaster.
Now comes your turn！ Thus ended the meeting.
注：以上词开头，如果代词为主语，不倒装，如为名词全倒装。

Here comes the boy. Here he comes.
Out rushed John. Out he rushed.
There comes the student. There she comes.
㈢表语位句首时.主要作用为保持句子平衡或上下文衔接。

结构为：现在分词 / 过去分词 / 形容词 / 介词短语 + 系动词 + 主语
如：Seated in the front are the leaders of the school.
Sitting in the front are the leaders of the school. 坐前面的为学校领导。

On the desk are some English books.
Fastened to the pole was the national flag.
Present at the meeting were Professor Green, Professor Smith and others guests.
注：such 作指示代词放在句首时
如：Such is our plan. Such are the facts; no one can deny them.
二．部分倒装: 把be 动词，助动词或情态动词放在主语之前。

㈠用于省略if 虚拟条件状语从句，若if 中有had, should, were 可省if, 把三个词提前
were / should / had + 主语 + （not）其他成分
= If + 主语 + were / should / had (not) 其他成分
如：Were I you ( = If I were you), I would do more practice after class.
Had you arrived ( = If you had arrived) at the station 6 minutes earlier, you could have caught the train.
Should he come ( = If he should come) tell me to ring me up.
题：① ___________ he would have succeeded in the examination.
A. Had he worked hard
B. If he worked hard
C. If he works hard
D. If he has worked hard
② ___________ here earlier, you would have see him.
A. Had you been
B. If you had been
C. If he has been
D. If he should been
③ ___________ I would take an umbrella with you.
A. Had I been you
B. I were you
C. Were I you
D. I had been you
㈡ only 修饰副词，介词短语，或状语从句，且放在句首。

如：Only in this way, can you learn English well.
Only when the World War I was over in 1918 was able to get back to work.
注：⑴在部分倒装句中，如谓语动词无助动词，则须找助动词来“帮忙”。

如：Only after the meeting learned he the x
Only after the meeting
⑵ Only 修饰状语从句时，从句不倒装，主句倒，从句不倒。

如：Only when did he return did we find out the truth.
Only when he return did we find out the truth.
题：① Only then ___________ how much damage had been caused.
A. she realized
B. she had realized
C. had she realized
D. did she realize
② Only by taking a taxi ___________ on time.
A. you can arrive there
B. arrive there on time
C. can you arrive there
D. there you can arrive
③ He reminded his daughter that only after ______a secretary and other staff ______ able to concentrate on marketing.
A. she could afford; would she be
B. she would afford; she would be
C. could she afford; would she be
D. could she afford; she would be
⑶ Only 后为主语时不倒
如：Only you can take that job.
④ Only in this way ___________ do it well.
A. we can
B. we could
C. must we
D. can we
⑤ ___________ can you expect to get a pay rise.
A. With hard work
B. Although work hard
C. Only with hard work
D. Now that he works hard
⑥ Only by practicing a few hours every day ___________ be able to waste much time.
A. will do
B. can you
C. you will
D. you can
⑦ Only ___________ help you.
A. I can
B. can I
C. could I
D. must I
⑧ Every one of us must know, ___________ we live can we save the earth.
A. by changing the way only
B. only by changing the way
C. by only changing the way
D. by changing only the way
㈢让步和原因状语从句（将表语，动词或副词状语提前）
形容词系动词
名词（前无冠词）表原因： as (或that) 助动词
分词 + + 主语情态动词
动词表让步： as (though) 谓语动词
副词倒装不倒装
如：Although he is a little child, he knows a lot.
注：有冠词时省略a
Child as / though he is, he knows a lot.
Strange though it may seem, the tallest boy is the youngest.
= Although it may seem strange, the tallest boy is the youngest.
Pretty as he was, he knew a lot.
Try as / though you would, you might fail again.
= Although you would try, you might fail again.
Woman as she is, she courageous.
= Although she is a woman, she is courageous.
Much as I admire his courage, I don’t think he acted wisely.
Much as I like you, I will not marry you.
= Although I like you much, I will not marry you.
Coward as he was, he ran away as soon as the enemy attacked.
=Because he was a coward, he ran away
as soon as the enemy attacked.
Surrounded as he was by the enemy, he was not afraid.
=Although he was surrounded by the enemy, he was not afraid.
Absorbed as he was in the book, he did not notice my entering the room.
=Because he was absorbed in the book, he did not notice my entering the room.
Hard as he studies, he cannot pass the exam.
=Although he studies hard, he cannot pass the exam.
题：① ___________，he doesn’t study well.
A. As he is clever
B. He is as clever
C. Clever as he is
D. As clever he is
② ___________, the workers in the transistor plant have made great attributions to the country.
A. As they are young
B. Young as they are
C. As young are they
D. Young though they are
③ ___________, we can never be completely satisfied.
A. To strangle as we may
B. Struggling like we
C. Struggle as we may
D. As we may struggle
④ ___________ I have never seen anyone who’s as capable as John.
A. As long as I have traveled
B. Now that I have traveled so much
C. Much as I have traveled
D. As I have traveled so much
⑤ They suggest the number of cars should be limited to stop air pollution ___________, the idea is not very practical ___________, the idea is not very practical.
A. Good as it sounds
B. As it sounds good
C. As good it sounds
D. Sounds good as it
⑥ ___________, his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting.
A. Strange as it might sound
B. As it might sound strange
C. As strange it might sound
D. Strange as might it sound
㈣⑴ so + adj / adv + that 从句 so 放在句首时，主句倒装，that 从句不倒装
如：So clearly does she speak English that he can always make himself understood.
So easy is it that a child can learn it.
Such a nice pen does he has that he likes it very much.
So many questions did they ask me that I got confused.
So clever was he a student that he was able to work out all the difficult problems.
So frightened was she in the darkness that she didn’t dare to move.
So many questions did they ask me that I got confused.
So much does he worry about his position that he cannot sleep at night.
题：① ___________ that I couldn’t be absorbed in the work.
A. They made such talked
B. So loudly they talked
C. It was noise outside
D. Such a loud noise did they make
② ___________ that he could not speak for a long time.
A. So frightened was he
B. So frightened he was
C. Was he so frightened
D. Frightened was he
③ So ___________ that no fish can live in it.
A. the lake is shallow
B. shallow the lake is
C. shallow is the lake
D. is the lake shallow
注：如such / so 位于句首修饰主语时，不倒装
如：So few people came to his birthday party that he felt disappointed.
⑴ so that可引导目的从句，常与may, can, will, could, can连用；从句在后，从句前无逗号，意为“以便，为的是”。

如： I hired a boat so that I could go fishing.
= in order that, 但 in order that 可放主句前。

so that 不可以。

⑵ so that可引导结果状语从句，一般不用情态动词，从句前可用逗号与主句隔开。

意为“因此，结果”。

① He didn’t plan his time well, so that he didn’t finish his work in time.
他没有计划好他的时间，所以他没有能及时完成工作。

② He got up late, so that he went to work without having his breakfast.
他起晚了所以没有吃早饭就上班去了。

③ They have walked a long way, so that they are all tired.
他们走了很长的路，所以都很累。

区别：He raised his voice so that everyone could hear him.
他提高了他的嗓门以便于每个人都能听到。

He raise his voice, so that everyone heard him.
他提高了他的嗓门，结果每个人都听到了。

注：如从句前的so that 可用 in order that 代替时，为目的状语从句；反之是结果状语从句。

如 so that 之前有逗号时，为结果状语从句，反之为目的状语从句。

⑶ so…that 结构也是用来引导结果状语从句的，so 为副词，用来修饰形容词或副词，意为“如此…以至于…”
+形容词或副词
so +形容词+a（n）+单数可数名词 +that…，如：
+many或few+复数可数名词
+much或little+不可数名词
I have had so many falls that I”m black and blue all over.
There was so much work to do that everybody got bored.
There was so little water in the jar that it was not enough for all of us.
such…that作“如此…以致”解，连接一个表示结果的状语从句。

与so…that意思一样，但用法不一样1) such＋a(an)＋adj.＋单数可数名词＋that…clause
He is such a clever boy that everybody likes him.
2)such＋adj.＋复数可数名词＋that…clause
They are such interesting novels that I want to read them once again.
3)such＋adj.＋不可数名词＋that…clause
He has made such great progress that the teachers are pleased with him
注意：⑴如果such后边的名词前由many、much、few、little等词所修饰的话，则不用such而用so, little 特殊，such + little 小，so + little 少。

⑵ so + adj / adv + that 否定句，意为“如此，以至于不能”。

①如果that 从句为否定句，且主从句的主语一致时用“too…to”句型来转换。

He was so yong that he couldn’t go to school.
= He was too young to go to school.
②如果that 从句为否定句，且主从句的主语不一致时用“too… for sb to…”句型来转换。

这里的for
后的sb 是原从句主语的宾格形式。

I spoke so quickly that they couldn’t understand me.
= I spoke too quickly for them to understand.
③that 从句是肯定句，且主从句的主语一致时用“…enough to do…”句型来转换。

The girl is so old that she can go to school.
= The girl is old enough to go to school.
④that 从句是肯定句，且主从句的主语不一致时用“...enough for sb to do…”句型来转换。

The question is so easy that we can answer it.
= The question is easy enough for us to answer it.
⑤如果that 从句为否定句, 可用…not enough ( for sb ) to do 句型来转换，但enough 的形容词或
副词应为原句中的so 后形容词或副词的反义词。

The room is so small that it can’t hold 600 people.
= The room is too small to hold 600 people.
= The room isn’t big enough to hold 600 people.
The box is so heavy that we can’t carry it.
= The box is too heavy for us to carry.
= The box isn’t light enough for us to carry.
题：① All of us feel surprised that ________ a little boy can eat ________ much food.
A. such, so
B. so,such
C. such, such
D. so, so
② It is ________ work of art that everyone wants to have a look at it.
A. so unusual
B. such unusual
C. such an unusual
D. so an unusual
③ The drink is ________ delicious ________ I enjoy it very much.
A. too, to
B. so, that
C. such, that
D. enough, and
④ He runs ________ fast ________ no one can catch up with him.
A. very, that
B. such, that
C. too, to
D. so, that
⑤ People are very ________ about the ________ football matches.
A.exciting, exciting
B. excited, excited
C. excited, exciting
D. exciting, excited
⑥ The weather was ________ cold that I didn’t like to leave my room.
A. so
B. really c. too D. such
㈤⑶以 in no time, not until, in no way, in no occult, by no means
题：① By no means ________ to move to a new place far away from her work place, because it isn’t convenient for her family and herself.
Karen will agree B. will Karen agree C. Karen will disagree D. will Karen disagree
⑷ Not only, but also, Not until, Neither … nor
NB 前倒后不倒； O， NU 主倒从不倒
N = not only, B = but also O = only N = not until + 状语从句
2 N 前倒后也倒； NM 前后均不倒
注：N = neither … nor N = no matter
so that 主倒，从不倒
如：Not only did we hear it, but we saw it.
Not only was there no water, but no gas.
注：Not only … but also 连接主语不倒装， neither … nor 连接主语不倒装
such, so that; less 或 little 主谓不倒装
如：Not only he but also you saw his watch.
Neither can she use computer, nor can he.
Neither you nor I enjoyed his story.
Little help can be expected from Albert.
题：① Not only ________ polluted but ________ crowded.
A. was the city; were the streets
B. the city was; were the streets
C. was the city; the streets were
D. the city was; the streets were
② ________ snacks and drinks, but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest.
A. Not only they brought
B. Not only did they ring
C. Not only brought they
D. Not only they did ring
③ Not only ________ a promise, but also he kept it.
A. did he made
B. does he make
C. he made
D. has he made
㈥此类副词如⑴：often, always, many a time, bitterly, gladly, well开头
如：Often did we warn them not to do so.
Many a time has she helped me with my Japanese.
Often does he warn us not to touch the poisonous chemical.
Well do I remember the days when we were at school together.
Gladly would I give my life to save the child.
①Many a time ________ me good advice.
A. has he given
B. does he give
C. he has given
D. he gave
⑵带To such…表程度的状语在句首
To such a degree was he excited that he couldn’t go to sleep that night.
To what degree are you interested in reading?
To such lengths(到这种详细的地步) did he speak that everyone got bored.
⑶用于as和than引导的状语从句
在as引导的方式状语从句和than引导的比较状语从句中,如果as和than从句的主语较长或带有长的修饰语时,可用半倒装.
He traveled a great deal as did most of his friends.
Harry is unusually tall, as are his brothers.
I spend less than do nine out of ten people in my position.
7. 用于某些表示祝愿 May you succeed
Long live Chairman Mao!
注：only, neither … nor, such / so that, little 或 less，修饰主语不倒装
答案：一. BBA 二. ㈠ AAC ㈡ DCADCAAB ㈢ CBCCAA ㈣ DAC
㈤⑶ B CBA ㈥ A。