广东肇庆中学2022年高三英语第一学期期末复习检测模拟试题含解析

2022-2023高三上英语期末模拟试卷
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。

回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）
1．Hawking believes the earth is unlikely to be the only planet _____ life has developed gradually.
A．that B．why
C．where D．whose
2．Some people create jobs, foster excitement and basically make the system work. They see possibilities ________ others see only problems.
A．that B．what C．which D．where
3．This is the first time that your parents have been abroad, ______?
A．haven’t they B．hasn’t it C．aren’t they D．isn’t it
4．The difference in thickness and weight from the earlier version makes the iPad2 more comfortable_______.
A．held B．holding C．be held D．to hold
5．I don’t think she visited the exhibition this morning, ______ she was with me at that time.
A．though B．or C．but D．for
6．语音知识(共5小题；每小题l分，满分5分)
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的
选项。

并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

7．Under good treatment, many patients are beginning to ________ and will soon recover.
A．turn up B．catch up
C．pick up D．show up
8．Jane can’t attend the meeting at 3 o’clock this afternoon because she ______ a class at that time.
A．will teach B．would teach
C．has taught D．will be teaching
9．.Opening the book, she found in it a white, plain envelope with her name ______ on it. A．to print B．printed C．printing D．print
10．In 2012, Sun Y ang became the first Chinese man _____ an Olympic gold medal in swimming.
A．winning B．to win
C．having won D．being won
11．—Sometimes I am even sleepy in class.
—It’s terrible. You _____ as well go to bed earlier.
A．should B．will
C．might D．can
12．The bus dropped me off and pulled away _____I realized I had left my bag on it. A．while B．before
C．after D．since
13．The new supermarket has announced that the first to purchase goods on the opening day ________ get a big prize.
A．must B．shall
C．would D．could
14．The old couple, ________ country life, were unwilling to move to the city to live with his son.
A．accustomed to B．buried in
C．addicted to D．exposed to
15．--- Dad, have you seen my Christmas card?
--- ______ you painted last night? I’m afraid I haven’t seen ______.
A．One ; one B．The one ; it
C．One ; it D．The one ; that
16．We were scared to death when the fire______. Fortunately, it was put out before it caused much damage.
A．broke out B．came out
C．gave out D．turned out
17．The meeting planned next Monday is very important.
A．to be held B．held
C．being held D．holding
18．As often happens after long sleeplessness, he was ________ by an unreasoning panic. A．seized B．fascinated
C．impressed D．embarrassed
19．–Let’s take a coffee break, shall we?
–I wish I ________, but I have a really tight schedule.
A．can B．shall C．could D．should 20．—Tony _______ what I di d annoying though he didn’t say anything.
—So you think you will have to make an apology?
A．could find B．should have found
C．might find D．must have found
第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

21．（6分）Plants are flowering faster than scientists predicted (预测) in reaction to climate change, which could have long damaging effects on food chains and ecosystems.
Global warming is having a great effect on hundreds of plant and animal species around the world, changing some living patterns, scientists say.
Increased carbon dioxide (CO2) in the air from burning coal and oil can have an effect on how plants produce oxygen, while higher temperatures and changeable rainfall patterns can change their patterns of growth.
“Predicting species, reaction to climate change is a major challenge in ecology,” said the researchers of several U.S. universities. They said plants had been the key object of study because their reaction to climate change could have an effect on food chains and ecosystem services.
The study, published on the Nature website, uses the findings from plant life cycle studies and experiments across four continents and 1,634 species. It found that some experiments had underestimated (低估) the speed of flowering by 8.5 times and leafing by 4 times.
“Across all species, the experiments under-predicted the speed of the advance—for both leafing and flowering—that results from temperature increase,” the study said.
The design of future experiments may need to be improved to better predict how plants will react to climate change, it said.
Plants are necessary for life on the Earth. They are the base of the food chain, using photosynthesis (光合作用) to produce sugar from carbon dioxide and water. They let out oxygen which is needed by nearly every organism on the planet.
Scientists believe the world’s average temperature has risen by about 0.8℃ since 1900, and nearly 0.2℃ every ten years since 1979.
So far, efforts to cut emissions (排放) of planet-warming greenhouse gases are not
seen as enough to prevent the Earth heating up beyond 2℃ this century—a point scientists say will bring the danger of a changeable climate in which weather extremes are common, leading to drought, floods, crop failures and rising sea levels.
1、What is the main idea of Paragraph 1?
A．Plants’ reaction to weather could have damaging effects on ecosystems.
B．The increasing speed of flowering is beyond scientists’ expectation.
C．Climate change leads to the change of food production patterns.
D．Food chains have been seriously damaged because of weather.
2、We can learn from the study published on the Nature website that . A．plants’ flowering is 8.5 times faster than leafing
B．there are 1,634 plant species on the four continents
C．scientists should improve the design of the experiments
D．the experiments failed to predict how plants react to climate change
3、Scientists pay special attention to the study of plants because .
A．they can prove the climate change clearly
B．they are very important in the food chains
C．they play a leading role in reducing global warming
D．they are growing and flowering much faster than before
4、What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs about the world’s temperature? A．It needs to be controlled within 2℃ in this century.
B．Its change will lead to weather extremes.
C．It is 0.8℃ higher in 1979 than that of 1900.
D．It has risen nearly 0.2℃ since 1979.
22．（8分）In 1938 Portugal held a national competition to identify the country's most ''Portuguese” Village. Sticking to a rocky promontory（海角）far above the Beira Baixa plains, Monsanto is easily the most impressive. So it came out on top.
Cottages, a lot of which are made of very large round rocks, seem to grow out of the mountain itself. Above them rises a stone fortress(城堡), parts of which predate even the arrival of the Moors. And views across the plains are, simply put, astonishing.
Since being honored as the most Portuguese village, Monsanto has reminded largely separated from modernization. These days, goats and chickens seem to outnumber humans in the village. Most young people leave for large cities and the
growing investment in the area’s heritage (遗产）has not encouraged more attractions for the younger generation. Tourists walking along the village's tiny streets can see elderly women walking and chatting in doorways.
Several houses near the village entrance are surprisingly grand. Halfway to the castle you'll come across the gruta, a cozy cave apparently once used as a pub …and still used as such. This stone fortress seems almost to have grown out of the hillside that supports it. It’s a wond erfully beautiful site, populated by wildflowers.
Alter Dom Sancho I drove out the Moors in the 12th century, the fortress was strengthened. Dom Dinis improved it, but after centuries of attacks from across the border it finally fell into ruin. Just below the entrance is a public square. To the right is a ruined Renaissance church and bell tower.
On 3 May Monsanto comes alive in the Festa das Cruzes, remembering a siege(围困）in the Middle Ages. The story goes that the starving villagers threw their Iasi lonely cow over the walls, making their enemies believe they had plenty of food, because they immediately abandoned the siege. These days, young girls throw baskets of flowers instead, after which there's dancing and singing beside the castle wall.
1、What is Monsanto like today?
A．It has a lot of farms. B．Its youth love farming.
C．Its population is falling. D．It has become more modern.
2、Why did the enemies end the siege?
A．They felt hungry. B．They were tricked.
C．They were attacked. D．They feared the cow.
3、What do we know about the fortress?
A．It has long been used as a pub.
B．It was first constructed by Dom Dinis.
C．There is celebration every May beside it.
D．You have to go through it to enter the village.
4、What is the author's purpose in writing the text?
A．To discuss rural life in Portugal.
B．To report a national competition.
C．To explain the history of the Portugal.
D．To introduce a unique ancient village.
23．（8分）The popular wisdom for years has been that drinking in moderation (适度)—that’s one “standard” drink a day for women and two for men-is linked to a lower risk of cardiovascular (心血管的) disease. But recent studies are casting some doubt on that long-held learning. Science now says it depends on your age and drinking habits.
A 2017 study of nearly 2 million British with no cardiovascular risk found that there was still a modest benefit in moderate drinking, especially for women over 55 who drank five drinks a week. Why that age? Alcohol can influence the substance in the blood in positive ways, experts say, and that’s about the age when heart problems begin to occur.
Also, a 2018 study found that drinking more than 100 grams of alcohol per week—equal to roughly seven standard drinks in the United States or five to six glasses of wine in the UK—increases your risk of death from all causes and in turn lowers your life expectancy. Links were found with different forms of cardiovascular disease, with people who drank more than 100 grams per week having a higher risk of stroke, heart failure.
Another 2018 study found that consistently drinking a moderate amount of alcohol, within recommended guidelines, had a protective effect on the heart over time. Unstable drinking habits were associated with a higher risk of heart disease, which the authors reflected might indicate broader lifestyle changes, such as poor health or stress. Former drinkers were also at greater risk.
Overall, however, the latest thinking is that any heart benefit may be outweighed by other health risks, such as high blood pressure, certain cancers and liver damage.
Women who drink are at a higher risk for breast cancer; alcohol contributes about 6% of the overall risk, possibly because it raises certain dangerous hormones in the blood. Drinking can also increase the chance you might develop liver, mouth and oral cancers. One potential reason: Alcohol weakens our immune systems, making us more likely to inflame (发炎)—a driving force behind cancer.
1、Why does moderate drinking benefit women over 55?
A．It helps them live longer than men.
B．It reduces the chance of some heart problems.
C．It destroys the harmful chemicals in their blood.
D．It helps them recover from cardiovascular disease.
2、What can we learn from paragraph 3?
A．Drinking more than 10 grams of alcohol per week is surely harmful.
B．Solid links were found between the disease and the amount of alcohol.
C．The lifespan varies according to amount of consumed alcohol.
D．Seven standard drinks are the recommended amount of drinking in the UK.
3、Who will be at a lower risk according to the 2018 study?
A．Consistent drinkers with lifestyle changes.
B．Unstable drinkers with lifestyle changes.
C．Consistent drinkers within recommended amount of alcohol.
D．Unstable drinkers within recommended amount of alcohol.
4、Which can be the best title for the text?
A．Moderate drinking habits benefit the heart.
B．Moderate drinking weakens our immune systems.
C．Moderate drinking can prevent cancer.
D．Moderate drinking does more harm than good to health.
24．（8分）Students at the Florida high school where 17 people were shot dead in February of 2018 are being asked to wear clear backpacks.
School officials have written to families of Marjory Stoneman Douglas High pupils outlining the plans as part of new security measures, They say any student without a clear backpack will be given one at no cost. As well as introducing the transparent backpacks for quicker safety checks, there will also be airport-style metal detectors and school visitors will pass through special gates.
“We’re going to man every gate at the s chool during school hours and for
after-school activities,” said the superintendent of Broward County Public Schools, Robert W. Runcie.
Since the shooting when Nikolas Cruz opened fire killing 17 people, students there have been leading calls for gun reform.
Donald Trump has told US politicians he wants tougher laws with “really strong background checks”, while he’s faced anger from anti-gun groups for suggesting training school staff to use firearms.
In the last few days, safety at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High has been called into
question again after several security breaches (违反). Three students were arrested on Tuesday, two for carrying knives and one for making threats on Snapchat. Some parents have become so worried that they’ve been keeping their chi ldren off school.
“We’ve got to put things into place now,” Mr Runcie said.
1、Which is a new security measure of the school?
A．Teachers are trained to use firearms.
B．Guards are hired to monitor the students.
C．Visitors are forbidden to enter the school.
D．Students are required to wear clear backpacks.
2、What can we know about the school shooting from the text?
A．The gunman was a school staff member.
B．One of the victims was named Nikolas Cruz.
C．Seventeen people were shot dead on campus.
D．Someone unknown broke in and opened fire.
3、Some parents have become worried because .
A．three students were badly hurt
B．the school takes few safety measures
C．they received a letter from the teacher
D．there are still safety problems at the school
4、What is the stu dents’ attitude toward firearms?
A．They call for changes of gun laws.
B．They are against the school’s stricter rules.
C．They defend their right to possess weapons.
D．They approve of Donald Trump’s suggestion.
（10分）Most of us struggle through the time it takes to get a cup of coffee to 25．
our lips once our alarms go off. Luckily, this coffee-brewing alarm clock could make those few struggling minutes practically disappear.
An alarm clock that brews a fresh pot of coffee as soon as you wake up actually exists, and you can buy it right now. Thanks to the Barisieur, your morning time will never be the same.
Here’s how it works: Before you go to bed, fill the glass container with water and pour ground coffee into the filter (过滤器). Not a black coffee drinker?
Not to worry --- special drawers keep your cream cold and store your sugar, too.
Then, just set your alarm and go to sleep. This machine will take care of the rest.
A few minutes before your alarm goes off next morning, the Barisieur will begin to brew your coffee. And voila! A hot cup of coffee is waiting for you when your alarm rings and you open your eyes. You won’t even have to leave your bed.
London designer Joshua Renouf designed this invention himself, raising over $500,000 through donations on IndieGoGo. Coffee lovers should act fast and put in a
pre-order on the website now, paying just $300. Otherwise, you have to wait until it hits stores and pay $420.
Owning one of these clocks will be totally worth it. Nothing says “seize the day” quite like waking up to a pot of freshly brewed coffee, after all. Also, the machine isn’t limited to making coffee only in the morning. You can go out and return home with a
hot cup of coffee waiting for you.
1、Why does the author mention the struggle?
A．To show making coffee is challenging.
B．To show coffee can make us feel better.
C．To show the coffee-brewing alarm clock is great.
D．To show it is difficult to get up early in the morning.
2、What does the underlined word “it” in Paragr aph 3 refer to?
A．The Barisieur. B．The morning time.
C．A hot cup of coffee. D．The glass container.
3、What’s the benefit of pre-ordering the clock on the website now?
A．You can get one much earlier.
B．Y ou can get one at a great discount.
C．You can get donations from its designer.
D．You may have a chance to meet Joshua Renouf.
4、What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?
A．To tell us how to make coffee easily.
B．To advertise a new product in a store.
C．To recommend a special kind of alarm clock.
D．To compare traditional alarm clocks and new ones.
第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，
从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项中(A、B、C和D)，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A homeless man walked up to me and asked me for some small chang e, “ I’ll give you a quarter if you tell me your story,” I said. He laughed, “You’ll give me a quarter for my story?’ I laid the 1 in front of him and 2 myself —“No, here’s the quarter but it would be nice to hear your story.” Seeing him lost in 3 , I sat down next to him and 4
“ I was once a sniper（狙击兵）in the army.” he said. “ I was 5 to shoot down the enemy from the distance.” I listened attentively. He told me how he 6 to hunt with his family. He had his own way of 7 animals by not killing more than be needed. When the 8 came knocking on his door, he felt 9 and joined up. All those years of developing his hunting skills could now serve a larger 10 —to defend us from the bad guys. He set out to 11 at the front .
“ I was a sniper but I never really killed anyone.” he continued. “One day they asked me to 12 a lady from the distance. I saw the kids ne her and my hands were on the trigger（扳机）. But I couldn’t13 it. She wasn’t doing anything to an and she was 14 the kids.
The story went on as he described 15 being put into prison for 180 days for 16 to follow orders. “ I have no17 ,” he said. “ I may be homeless now,18 I never killed that lady.” He continued, “ I can19 being homeless, but I wouldn’t be able to stand killing innocent people.”
I met a hero. It just never 20 to me that a hero could be a smelly old sniper.
1、A．note B．coin C．dollar D．wallet
2、A．blamed B．reminded C．corrected D．added
3、A．argument B．action C．consideration D．thought
4、A．whispered B．nodded C．sighed D．waited
5、A．demanded B．supposed C．reminded D．determined
6、A．desired B．wished C．failed D．used
7、A．tracking B．raising C．training D．respecting
8、A．army B．minister C．commander D．company
9、A．annoyed B．proud C．astonished D．confused
10、A．group B．business C．purpose D．result
11、A．serve B．hunt C．aim D．survive
12、A．murder B．fight C．shoot D．arrest
13、A．remain B．fire C．make D．decide
14、A．besides B．along C．inside D．among
15、A．gradually B．eventually C．deliberately D．desperately
16、A．managing B．failing C．hesitating D．forgetting
17、A．ideas B．attempts C．regrets D．feelings
18、A．however B．otherwise C．but D．unless
19、A．work out B．meet with C．live with D．get through
20、A．happened B．seemed C．struck D．occurred
第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

（15分）According to a recent study, plants are able to make intelligent decisions.
27．
They are a lot 1．(smart) than we thought. Scientists have discovered that the pea plant can make decisions on how 2．(survive) best, even though it does not have a brain. Researchers grew several pea plants that had their roots 3．(separate) between two pots. Each pot contained different amount of nutrients. One pot always had the same amount, 4．the other pot varied between a lot and a little. The plants turned out to be 5．(amaze) consistent（一致的）at turning their roots to the pot with the most nutrients.
Researcher Alex Kacelnik says the experiment raises a question, not about plants, 6．about animals and humans. He wonders whether the pea plant is more efficient in using its limited resources about 7．(make) decisions than humans. He says, “We have a very wonderful brain, but maybe most of the time we’re not using 8．.” Professor Kacelnik does not think that pea plants are intelligent in the human sense, but that they exhibit complex 9．(behave) to efficiently take advantage of natural opportunities. It will be interesting to see how our lives would be different if we 10．(adopt) similar strategies.
第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）
28．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不记分。

Started in September of 2003, smile cards began appearing all around a world. They are marker of a brand new game of tag, where "you're it" because someone has done anything nice for you. Then it's your turn to do something nice for someone else but, in the process, pass the card along. This was a game of pay-it-forward: make someone smile without giving out the name, leave behind a card ask them to keep it going. It's easy and funny. Is kindness truly contagious? There's only one way to find out —join the fun! Get your smile cards, read up on some kindness ideas, and get started!
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
29．（25分）请写一封email给你在英国的笔友。

要求内容包括：
1．你最喜欢的音乐……(favourite music)
2．解释你为什么对某些音乐不太感兴趣。

(many types of music, not interested in) 3．阐明
文章开头和结尾已给出。

Dear Lucy，
Thanks for your letter. You asked me something about the music in my life. Let me tell you briefly.
___________________________________________________________________________ _________________
___________________________________________________________________________ _________________
___________________________________________________________________________ _________________
___________________________________________________________________________ _________________
___________________________________________________________________________ _________________
___________________________________________________________________________ _________________
___________________________________________________________________________ _________________
________________________________________________________________________ How about you? Write to me to tell me about music in your life. I am looking forward to it.
Yours，
Li Hua
参考答案
第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）
1、C
2、D
3、D
4、D
5、D
6、regular A．production B．1anguage C．popular D．minute
2．weight A．height B．ceiling C．foreign D．neighbour 3．special A．musical B．ocean C．medicine D．biscuit
4．perfect A．elect B．prevent C．effect D．problem
7、C
8、D
9、B
10、B
11、C
12、B
13、B
14、A
15、B
16、A
17、A
18、A
19、C
20、D
第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

21、1、B
2、C
4、A
22、1、C
2、B
3、C
4、D
23、1、 B
2、 A
3、 C
4、 D
24、1、D
2、C
3、D
4、A
25、1、C
2、A
3、B
4、C
第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26、1、B
2、C
3、D
4、D
5、B
6、D
7、D
8、A
9、B
10、C
11、A
12、C
13、C
14、D
16、B
17、C
18、C
19、C
20、D
第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

27、1．smarter
2．to survive
3．separated
4．while
5．amazingly
6．but
7．making
8．it
9．behavior
10．adopted
第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）
28、Started in September of 2003, smile cards began appearing all around a world. They are
Starting the marker of a brand new game of tag, where "you're it" because someone has done anything nice
markers something for you. Then it's your turn to do something nice for someone else but, in the process, pass the
and
card along. This was a game of pay-it-forward: make someone smile without giving out the name,
is out删除
leave behind a card ask them to keep it going. It’s easy and funny. Is kindness truly contagious?
asking fun
There's only one way to find out —join∧ the fun! Get your smile cards, read up on some
in
kindness ideas, and get started!
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
29、Dear Lucy，
Thanks for your letter. You asked me something about the music in my life. Let me tell you briefly.
Music is an important part in my life. I even can't live without music. Actually, I like many kinds of music. Well, my favourite music is American country music, such as CountryRoad. It mixes some modern melodies; it sounds very nice and pure and can bring me into dreamland. Whenever I am in trouble, I will turn on the MP5 or tape recorder and the soft melody will make me relax; the familiar songs will put me in high spirits all day long and make me forget all the problems.
I'm not interested in rock music. I think it is too loud and very difficult for me to understand! The melody is not soft and nice at all! I can't stand the strong beat, which nearly makes me fainted!
In a word, music has a very important place in my life. As for the importance of music to my life, I think you can guess, it is just like meals and sleeping, and I can't live without it.
How about you? Write to me to tell me about music in your life. I am looking forward to it.
Yours ，
Li Hua。