外研版必修一第一单元

The doctor instructed me that I should follow the instructions to take the medicine.(instruct)
2．What amazed me was his amazed look when he heard the amazing news.(amaze)
3．He always encourages me to work harder.(encouragement)
4．The enjoyment from a cool drink in a hot day is great.(enjoy)
5．He speaks English fluently and I admire him for his fluency.(fluency)
6．The misunderstanding (误解) will do harm to your friendship.
7．What disappeared(消失) into the sky?
8．I’m fit for the job because I am enthusiastic(热心的) and patient.
9．It has been discussed in his previous(以前的) book.
10．He took a friendly attitude(态度) to us.
1amazing adj.令人吃惊的
amazed adj.吃惊的；惊讶的
be amazed at 对……惊讶
be amazed to do...做……很惊讶
in amazement惊讶地
to one’s amazement使某人惊讶的是
It is amazing that the English test will be removed from China’s College Entrance Exam by 2020.
让人吃惊的是，英语考试将在2020年前退出中国的大学入学考试。

We were amazed to learn that she had left the hospital $18 million.
听说她把1 800万美元留给了医院，我们感到很惊异。

夯实基础
(1)用amaze的适当形式填空
①Isn’t it amazing how the human body heals itself after an injury?
②The world watched London in amazement.
③I was amazed to learn she was still writing her stories.
(2)What_is_amazing(令人吃惊的事) is they are so stupid.
2 instruction n．用法说明；操作指南；指示；命令；教授
follow the instructions遵照说明
carry out one’s instructions执行某人的命令
instruct v.指示；吩咐；命令；讲授；指导
instruct sb.to do...命令某人做……
as instructed按照指示
instructive adj.有益的，有教育意义的
Follow the instructions on the packet carefully.
仔细按照包装上的说明操作。

She arrived at 10 o’clock as instructed.
她按照指示在10点钟到达。

特别提醒
instruct后跟从句时，从句常用虚拟语气，即动词用(should＋) do。

夯实基础
(1)用instruct的适当形式填空
①It is the most instructive lecture that I have attended since I came to this school.
②All children are instructed in the use of the library.
③All schoolchildren must now receive some religious instruction.
(2)The local authorities had given the instruction that all the old buildings there
(should)_be_pulled_down(应当被拆掉)．
3bored adj.厌烦的；不感兴趣的
be bored with对……厌烦
be bored to death烦死了
bore sb.with使某人厌烦
be fed up with/be tired of对……厌倦
I’m bored；let’s go to the cinema.
我闷了，咱们去看电影吧。

I’ve heard all his stories before；they bore me.
他的事我以前都听说过了，那些事真使我厌烦。

夯实基础
(1)用bore的适当形式填空
①You can have a pet dog，but suppose you get bored with it in a few days.Then what?
②Student life is never boring，is it?
③Life in the country bores me.
(2)同义句改写
I am bored with this job，doing the same thing all day long.
I am_fed_up_with/tired_of this job，doing the same thing all day long.
4embarrassed adj.窘迫的；尴尬的
be embarrassed by/about对……感到尴尬
embarrassing adj.令人不安的；令人尴尬的
embarrass v.使不安；使尴尬
embarrassment n.尴尬；难堪；惹麻烦的人或事
to one’s embarrassment令某人尴尬的是
It embarrassed him that he had no idea of what was going on.
对所发生的事情一无所知，这让他很难堪。

夯实基础
(1)用embarrass的适当形式填空
①I was surprised and embarrassed.
②That was an embarrassing situation for me.
③To her embarrassment，she couldn’t remember his name.
(2)翻译句子
他看起来有点尴尬。

He_looked_a_bit_embarrassed.
5disappointed adj.失望的
be disappointed at/about sth.对……失望
be disappointed in/with sb.对某人失望
be disappointed to do...因做……而感到失望
to one’s disappointment令人失望的是
in disappointment?＝disappointedly?失望地
Disappointed as I felt at the shabby campus and the poorly-equipped classroom，I found the teachers patient and considerate.
虽然我对破旧的校园和装备差的教室很失望，但是那儿的老师既有耐心又体贴学生。

(2012·湖北·短文写作) It will be a great disappointment to me if I can’t find the suitcase.
如果找不到我的箱子，对我来说是个极大的失望。

(2010·重庆·书面表达) 夯实基础
(1)用disappoint的适当形式填空
①To our great disappointment，it rained every day of the trip.
②Your work is disappointing.
③My mother said it was a great day，but she was just a little disappointed that it didn’t last a
tiny bit longer.
④I always felt I was a disappointment to my father.
(2)What_he_has_done_is_really_disappointing(他所做的事是令人失望的)．Now his parents
are disappointed with him.
6cover v.盖，覆盖；包括，涉及；报道；足以支付；行走?一段路程?；占?一片面积?
be covered with/by覆盖……
from cover to cover从头到尾
All the furniture was covered with dust.
所有家具都落满了灰尘。

We needed to cover another 30 miles before it got dark.
天黑以前我们需要再走30英里。

夯实基础
(1)写出下列句子中cover的汉语意思
①Her lectures covered the subject thoroughly. 涉及
②The exhibition covers an area of 1,000 square metres. 占……
③Those figures might not even cover the cost of breakages. 足以支付
④It would not be easy to cover ten miles on that amount of petrol. 行走(一段路程)
⑤Much of the country is covered by forest. 覆盖
(2)During the Olympic Games，journalists from all over the world came to_cover_the_event(去
报道该事件)．
1．Is Tom disappointed_with his first test result?
2．You may feel difficult to deal with the problem at_the_beginning.
3．The earthquake was felt in my hometown，a village far_from Ya’an.
4．The orange was_divided_into four parts.
5．Did you have_fun playing football with your classmates?
1in other words换句话说
break one’s word/promise违背诺言；食言
keep one’s word守信用；履行诺言
eat one’s words收回所说的话
get in a word插话
in a/one word总之
have a word with sb.与某人谈一谈
have words with sb.和某人吵架
word came that...消息说……
In a word，being able to win their friendship in a very short time is the thing that I am proud of most in my life.
总之在很短的时间内能够赢得他们的友谊是我一生中最为自豪的事。

(2013·浙江·书面表达) They asked him to leave—in other words，he was fired.
他们请他走人，也就是说，他被解雇了。

夯实基础
选词填空eat，have，break，get
(1)The little boy listened to the older students and finally got in a word.
(2)I said that my wife would never pass her driving test，and when she did she made me eat my
words.
(3)He broke his word and did not repay the loan.
(4)Why did you have words with her last night?
2look forward to期望；期待；盼望?expect?
look forward to中to为介词，后跟名词、代词、动名词作宾语。

类似的短语还有：belong to属于add to增加
be used to习惯于be addicted to沉溺于
be accustomed to习惯于stick to坚持
be devoted to贡献adapt to适应
object to反对refer to谈到
get down to开始做lead to导致
contribute to有助于turn to求助；转向
I am looking forward to hearing from you.
我盼望收到你的来信。

(2013·山东·写作)
Look forward to your reply.盼望你的来信。

(2011·新课标全国·书面表达) 夯实基础
用所给动词的适当形式填空
(1)Considerable resources have been devoted to proving(prove) him a liar.
(2)Get down to discussing(discuss) my workload.
(3)They also may contribute to preventing(prevent) severe disease and death.
3take part in参加；参与
for one’s part就个人来说
for the most part?＝mostly?多半；通常
in part部分地
play a part in参加；对……起作用
part with放弃；出让
Will you take part in the English evening party with us？你将和我们一起参加英语晚会吗？Women are now taking an active part in social activities.妇女现在正积极参加社会活动。

夯实基础
选词填空
for the most part，in part，part with，play a part in
(1)All this may play_a_part_in the war on terrorism.
(2)He parted_with us at the end of the trip.
(3)His success is in_part owing to luck.
(4)The students are，for_the_most_part，from villages.
1．I don’t_think_I_can_speak to my parents like that.
我认为我不会那样对我父母说话的。

2．The house is four_times_as_big_as/three_times_larger_than that one.
这个房子是那个房子的4倍大。

3．We won’t leave until you_come.
你来了我们再走。

4．He wrote many novels，two_of_which have been translated into English.
他写了许多部小说，其中的两部已被翻译成英语。

5．What he said made me embarrassed_and_disappointed.
他所说的话使我尴尬和失望。

1The teacher is a very enthusiastic woman called Ms Shen.老师是一位姓沈的热心女士。

called Ms Shen是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰前面的woman。

与woman是被动关系，
相当于定语从句who/that is called Ms Shen。

Most of the artists invited to the party were from South Africa.
被邀请来参加聚会的大多数艺术家来自南非。

夯实基础
(1)同义句改写
①Can these who are seated at the back hear me?
Can these seated at the back hear me?
②Do you agree to the suggestion put forward just now?
Do you agree to the suggestion that was put forward just now?
(2)翻译句子
我们参观了三周前新建成的图书馆。

We_visited_the_new_library_built_three_weeks_ago.
2
In other words，there are three times as many girls as boys.换句话说，女生人数是男生的三倍。

倍数的表达方式：
?1?倍数＋as...as...
??2?倍数＋比较级＋than
?3?倍数＋the size/height/length/width...＋of...
?4?倍数＋what从句
?5?倍数＋that of...
Beijing is ten times the size of my hometown.
北京有我家乡的十倍大。

In our county now the grain output is six times that of before liberation.
现在我们县的粮食产量相当于解放前的六倍。

夯实基础
(1)Our city has experienced twice as much as rain this year as_it_did_last_year(是去年的)．
(2)同义句改写
The red ruler is three times as long as the yellow one.
①The_red_ruler_is_two_times_longer_than_the_yellow_one.(用比较级改写句子)
②The_red_ruler_is_three_times_the_length_of_the_yellow_one.(用long的名词形式改写句
子)
用所给词的适当形式填空
(1)Light travels faster than sound.(travel)
(2)The train arrives at 10∶30.There’s plenty of time.(arrive)
(3)There was a surprised look on his face when he saw the surprising result.(surprise)
(4)Some impolite football fans，disappointed at the game result，expressed their anger and
sadness by throwing bottles and other things into the football field.(disappoint)
(5)He is very popular among his students as he always tries to make them interested in his
lectures.(interest)
Ⅰ.教材活用——根据课文内容完成下面的短文
Li Kang lives in Shijiazhuang,1.the capital city of Hebei Province.Today is his first day at Senior High school.His new school is very good and the teachers are enthusiastic.Every room 2.is equipped (equip) with a computer with a 3.special (specially) screen.
Ms Shen is his English teacher,4.and she tells them 5.reading (read) comprehension is important，and encourages 6.them to speak a lot in class.Li Kang and his classmates are very 7.interested (interest) in Ms Shen’s method of teaching，and they never feel 8.bored.Today 9.when they introduced themselves to each other，some students were embarrassed，and then Ms Shen gave them instructions.Ms Shen also helps them improve their spelling and writing 10.in a fun way.
Ⅱ.课外拓展——阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式
David：1.Where would you live if you could choose?
Jane：2.It is very difficult to say.If I were very rich，I’d certainly choose Paris.
David：3.What would you do if you lived in Paris?
Jane：Oh，I’d have a house by the Seine，and I could enjoy the scenery.
David：You’d soon get 4.tired(tire) of it.And what about the United States?
Jane：I wouldn’t live in New York.It is too 5.noisy(noise)．
David：How 6.about Los Angeles?
Jane：Los Angeles wouldn’t be 7.a bad idea.
David：It is 8.said(say) that the sun shines every day in Los Angeles.I’d like to live there. Jane：As a matter of fact，I’d live in any city 9.where I had friends.
David：I 10.would also like to live in a city with a lot of good friends.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Robert Todd Duncan was born in 1903 in the southern city of Danville，Kentucky.His mother was his first music teacher.As a young man，he continued his music study in Indianapolis，Indiana.
In 1930，he completed more musical education at Columbia University in New York City.Then he moved to Washington.For fifteen years，he taught music at Howard University in Washington.At
that time，not many black musicians were known for writing or performing classical music.Teaching at Howard gave Duncan the chance to share his knowledge of classical European music with a mainly black student population.He taught special ways to present the music.These special ways became known as the Duncan Technique.
Besides teaching，Duncan sang in several operas with performers who were all black.But it seemed that he always would be known mainly as a concert artist.However，his life took a different turn in the middle 1930s.At that time，the famous American music writer George Gershwin was looking for someone to play a leading part in his new work Porgy and Bess.The music critic(评论家)of the Ne w York Times newspaper suggested Todd Duncan.Duncan had almost decided not to try for the part as he knew it would not be easy to get it.But he changed his mind.He sang a piece from an Italian opera for Gershwin.He had sung only a few minutes when Gershwin offered him the part.He became famous because of the part in Porgy and Bess.
Todd Duncan gained fame as an opera singer and concert artist.But his greatest love in music was teaching.When he stopped teaching at Howard，he continued giving singing lessons in his Washington home until the week before his death.
1．What is this passage mainly about?
A．What Robert Todd Duncan loved most.
B．How Robert Todd Duncan became famous.
C．Robert Todd Duncan and his works of music.
D．A brief introduction to Robert Todd Duncan.
答案 D
解析主旨大意题。

根据全文的内容可知，本文主要是介绍Robert Todd Duncan的生平。

2．According to Paragraph 2，while teaching at Howard University，Duncan . A．discovered special new ways to write music
B．opened doors for other black classical singers
C．had the chance to know many famous black musicians
D．became known for writing and performing classical music
答案 D
解析细节理解题。

根据第二段第四、五句“At that time，not many black musicians were known...a mainly black student population.”可知答案为D。

3．What happened to Duncan in the middle 1930s?
A．He gave up teaching at Howard University.
B．He was introduced by the Ne w York Times in detail.
C．He was asked to be in charge of the opera Porgy and Bess.
D．He was given a big opportunity to become an opera singer.
答案 D
解析细节理解题。

根据第三段可知答案为D。

4．We can infer that Robert Todd Duncan didn’t at first want to try for the part mainly because .
A．he was too busy to do it
B．he was not interested in it
C．he was not confident enough
D．he didn’t want to become famous
答案 C
解析推理判断题。

根据第三段第六句“Duncan had almost decided not to try for the part as he knew it would not be easy to get it.”可推知答案为C。

Ⅱ.完形填空
If you’ve ever been to a foreign country，you will know that fitting in isn’t easy.Chances are they will have a 1 language and way of life.Here’s how to get a basic grasp on things 2 going to a different country.
3 about the country.Get a base of knowledge.Where is the country located？What are their
4 foods？If you know someone who has been to the country，
5 them to tell you a bit about the country.
Attempt basic phrases.If you do not know how to 6 their language，it will be hard to master the 7 language in a short time.Remember you will not have time to learn the whole language，so 8 things like：asking for directions and ordering in restaurants.Learn these 9 along with the basic please，thank you，hello，and goodbye.
Try to meet someone who knows about or has been to the country. 10 it is a less known country，you may be out of 11 .In this case，search the Internet and the library.
Have a basic understanding of customs.If you do end up in a trouble 12 your lack of customs，calmly explain you are 13 .Basic English customs are not the same around the world，14 as you get into Asia and Africa，but will 15 a base for most European countries.
Handle your money well.Money can be 16 ，but cover all your bases.Understand the name of the monetary(货币的) 17 18 the unit.Do this in your own country before 19 .Exchange your bills a couple of weeks before you go and practice 20
1．A.difficult B．native C．different D．terrible
答案 C
解析文章开头提到适应国外的生活是不容易的，这是因为在国外有不同的语言和生活方
式。

该段最后一句中的a different country也是明确的提示。

2．A.until B．after C．before D．since
答案 C
解析由下文可知，这些注意事项是在进入一个不同的国家之前要注意的问题，故应选before。

3．A.Tell B．Wonder C．Realize D．Learn
答案 D
解析根据本段所讲的内容可知，此处是说要了解这个国家。

learn了解，学习。

4．A.delicious B．wonderful
C．strange D．traditional
答案 D
解析要想了解这个国家，就要了解他们传统的食物。

traditional传统的，符合语境。

5．A.argue B．ask C．discuss D．send
答案 B
解析此处意指向那些曾经到过该国的人咨询相关的信息。

ask sb.to do sth.让某人做某事。

6．A.ignore B．practice C．accept D．speak
答案 D
解析表示“讲”某种语言要用动词speak。

7．A.entire B．normal C．average D．general
答案 A
解析句意为：如果你不知道如何讲他们的语言，那么要在短时间内掌握全部的语言是很难的。

entire整个的，全部的。

8．A.focus on B．knock into
C．calm down D．settle down
答案 A
解析如果不能学全部的语言，就要先“集中精力于”一些简单的事情上。

knock into撞上；calm down平静，镇定；settle down定居，安定下来，均不符合语境。

9．A.phrases B．names C．books D．adjustments
答案 A
解析联系空后的please，thank you，hello，and goodbye可知，此处是指学一些最基本的习语(phrase)。

10．A.If B．Though C．As D．When
答案 A
解析根据语境可知，这是一个假设条件，所以要用if。

11．A.practice B．mind C．sight D．luck
答案 D
解析句意为：如果是一个不太知名的国家，你可能就没有那么幸运了。

out of luck运气不好。

12．A.because of B．thanks to
C．as for D．instead of
答案 A
解析这里指如果因为缺少对风俗的了解而陷入麻烦。

13．A.wrong B．innocent C．foreign D．local
答案 C
解析由语境可知，在陷入麻烦的时候要告诉他们(也就是当地人)你是外国的，而不是本地人。

14．A.rarely B．especially C．usually D．hardly
答案 B
解析此处表示强调，意为“尤其是当你去亚洲或者非洲的时候”。

15．A.provide B．inspire C．support D．refuse
答案 A
解析由语境可知，英国的风俗能够为你去欧洲大多数国家“提供”一个基础。

16．A.shocking B．amazing
C．confusing D．surprising
答案 C
解析下文说明了你要知道货币单位的名称，要事先兑换好出国要用的外币，还要清楚汇率等。

由此可知，货币问题比较复杂难懂，故应用confusing，意为“令人困惑的，难懂的”。

17．A.unit B．number C．amount D．power
答案 A
解析此处是指“货币单位”，所以要用unit。

句末的the unit也给出了提示。

18．A.above B．within C．behind D．below
答案 B
解析这里指“在这一货币单位内的硬币或者钞票的名称”，故此处要用within。

19．A.setting off B．putting off
C．cutting off D．turning off
答案 A
解析句意为：在动身之前要在国内做这些事。

set off动身。

20．A.paying B．recognizing
C．answering D．charging
答案 B
解析对于已兑换的外币，在出国之前要练习辨认(recognize)它们。

Ⅲ.语法填空
—Honey，what would you say if we have a Christmas party at home this year?
—But I thought you were planning to go to the 1.Turners’(Turner).2.Where could you have it？
The house is rather small.
—We might have a small 3.one.We could put food 4.on the dining room table.
—Then 5.who should we invite?
—Let me see，the Turners，the Manders，and a few boys，and some girls 6.from my office.We may have music or...
—We’ve got only three weeks to go.
—That’s plenty of time.We’ll get some 7.invitations(invite) ready and 8.sent(send) out soon.We’ll call to get 9.a small Christmas tree.And if we should fix food ourselves，it would cost less.
—You mean you fix food?
—Well，I can do some easy things.Maybe I can do some shopping—or，at 10.least(little)，wash dishes.
Ⅳ.写作素材(关于校园)
1．当你上大学后，你应该形成良好的生活态度，积极参加各种各样的活动。

2．应多了解信息技术，学说一口流利的英语。

3．只有这样，你才能给你的老师和同学留下好的印象。

4．我们希望你在学习上有更大的进步。

5．我们盼望不断地收到你的好消息。

提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用only限制状语引起的倒装句，hope引导的宾语从句。

连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇70词左右的英语短文)
After going to college，you should develop a good attitude towards/to life and take an active part in all kinds of activities.You should know more about information technology and learn to speak fluent English.Only in this way can you make a good impression on your teachers and classmates.We hope you can make greater progress in your study and we are looking forward to receiving your good news continually.。