北京大学版博士生综合英语词汇教案unit4

1 Unit Four 
Text: The Many Faces of the Future Samuel P. Huntington 1. elite : n (常作贬义) ) social social social group group group considered considered to to be be be the the the best best best or or or most most most important important important because because because of of of their their 
power, talent, wealth, etc （由于有权力、 才能、 财
富等）被视为最好的或最重要的社会集团; 精英; 尖子: the ruling, scientific elite 掌权的、 科学方面的精英 | an elite force, regiment 精锐部队、 团. ---All ---All the the the glamorous glamorous glamorous Washington Washington elite elite were were were at at at the the dinner that evening. ---Only a small elite can afford to send their children to this school. 
---The Parachute Regiment are the elite of the British armed forces. 
---The ---The President President has has been been been accused accused accused of of of developing developing 
policies in favor of a small elite.
2. scenario: pl. scenarios [C], n (pl ~s) 1（电影、影、 戏剧等的）脚本、戏剧等的）脚本、 剧情概要等. . 2 2 2 imagined imagined sequence of future events 想像中的未来事情的顺序: a possible scenario for war 战争中可能出现的情况. 
---Imagine a scenario where only 20% of people have a job. possible/likely/plausible/worst-case/nightmare 
scenario ---Under a likely scenario , world population will double by 2050. ---The worst-case worst-case scenario scenario was that that he he would would have have have to to 
have an operation.
More Examples: ---A A common common common scenario scenario is is that that that a a a woman woman woman marries marries marries and and sacrifices her career for her husband. 
---In a worst-case scenario all life on the planet would be wiped out by a nuclear war. 
---This is every politician's nightmare scenario. ---Under the most hopeful scenario, it will take 20 years to clean up the mess.
3. fad : : n n n something something something that that that is is is fashionable fashionable fashionable for for for a a a short short short time; time; 
=craze; =craze; fashion, fashion, fashion, interest, interest, interest, preference, preference, preference, enthusiasm, enthusiasm, enthusiasm, etc etc 
that is not likely to last 流行的时尚、流行的时尚、 爱好、爱好、 狂热
等: ---Will --Will T om T om continue continue continue to collect to collect stamps or is it it only a only a 
passing fad?
汤姆还在集邮呢, 还是热劲已过? ---Interest in organic food is not a fad, it's here to stay. 
---Is blogging a fad? 
---They know this is just another fad. 
---This is not simply a passing fad. Ø faddish: faddish: =faddy, =faddy, intensely intensely fashionable fashionable fashionable for for for a a a short short time, 风行的，时尚的，流行的风行的，时尚的，流行的 Ø faddist ：a person who subscribes to a variety of fads 
4. recipient : n ~ (of sth) person who receives sth 接受者. 
---The ---The federal federal federal Family Family Family Support Support Support Act Act of of 1988 1988 1988 required required many welfare recipients to participate in education, training, or work. ---Three minutes later, the computer prints out a list of of 60 60 60 names names names of of of suitable suitable suitable recipients, recipients, recipients, together together together with with 
their relevant data.
5. gadget : n small mechanical device or tool 小机械; 小器
具: a complicated new gadget for opening tins 复杂的新开罐器. ---A sales assistant was demonstrating several 
kitchen gadgets to a crowd of shoppers. 
---He showed her several electronic gadgets , such as 
a watch that you can use as a phone. ---It's a clever little gadget which you can use to cut vegetables into attractive shapes. Ø gadgetry: n [U]小机械, 小器具（统称）: lots of modern gadgetry 很多现代化的小机械. ---I don't understand how all this electronic gadgetry works. ---The gadgetry is impressive but what are its human applications?
6. antagonistic : adj ~ to/towards sb/sth
showing or feeling antagonism; hostile; averse 对抗
的; 敌对的: 同义词： hostile, hostile, adverse, adverse, adverse, opposed, opposed, resistant
---He's always antagonistic towards new ideas. 他总
是抗拒新思想。

--- --- A 
A A lot lot lot of of of people people people refuse refuse refuse to to to work work work with with with Paula. Paula. Paula. Her Her manner is just too antagonistic. 
---I can't understand why he's being so antagonistic. ---The right wing press has always been deeply antagonistic towards the Labour party. ---Why ---Why are are are Kate Kate Kate and and and John John John so so so antagonistic antagonistic antagonistic towards towards each other? Ø antagonist : : n n n person person person who who who actively actively actively opposes opposes opposes sb/sth; sb/sth; adversary 对抗者; 对手; 敌手敌手 同义词：adversary, competitor, contestant, enemy, foe, opponent, rival 
---In ---In the 
the the fluctuating fluctuating fluctuating combination combination combination and and and recombination recombination of of groups, groups, groups, old old old friends friends friends and and and old old old antagonists antagonists antagonists come come across one another in shifting social contexts. ---Yet, on the whole, the rich man remains the natural antagonist of the poor. 7. naïnaïve ve : : adj adj natural, natural, innocent; innocent; innocent; unaffected unaffected 自然而天真的, 
不做作的; credulous 轻信的, 缺少经验、 智慧或判断力的: 同义词：childlike, childlike, green, green, green, credulous, credulous, credulous, gullible, gullible, innocent, simple
---You weren't so naive as to believe him, were you? 你没有轻易相信他, 是吧? ---He held onto the naive belief that Marxism would solve all the world's problems. ---I was so naive - I believed everything the military told me. ---We're not naive anymore like we were in the 60s.
--- It would be naive to think that this could solve all the area's problems straight away. Ø naively (also (also navely): navely): navely): adv. adv. I I had had had naively naively naively imagined imagined that he was in love with me. Ø naivety (also navety, navete): n 天真; 天真的言语、
constitute a year. --Twelve months constitute。