2020中考浙江英语人教版英语专题--介词复习

中考浙江英语人教版英语专题--介词复习
一、复习回顾
1. Could you tell me _____ answer to this problem? I can’t work it out myself.
A. a
B. an
C. the
D. 不填
2. What would you like for ______ breakfast, Mr Scott?
Two pieces of bread with ______ cup of black tea, please.
A. a; a
B. a; the
C. 不填; a
D. 不填; the
3. In the United States, Father’s Day falls on ______ third Sunday in ______ June.
A. the; 不填
B. the; a
C. 不填; the
D. a; 不填4. Put ______ waste bag in the dustbin.
It’s not ______ waste bag. It’s my shopping bag.
A. a; the
B. the; a
C. 不填; a
D. 不填; the
5. The new D-type trains run at speeds of 200 to 250 kilometers ______ hour. The trip from Shanghai
to Beijing only takes 10 hours now.
A. a
B. an
C. the
D. /
二、课前检测题
1 - Thank you ＿＿＿the beautiful flowers!
- Not at all.
A in
B on
C at
D for
2 Can you answer this question ＿＿＿English?
A by
B in
C with
D from
3 Look ＿＿＿the map ＿＿＿China ＿＿＿the wall, please.
A after, of, in
B at, of, in
C after, in, on
D at, of, on
4 - When did Mr Green arrive in London?
- He arrived there ＿＿＿the evening of December 6th.
A at
B in
C on
D to
5 We won the relay race. And there was a big smile ＿＿＿our teacher's face.
A off
B near
C on
D between
6 The twins got on well ＿＿＿their classmates.
A to
B in
C with
D about
7 - Please remember to come to my birthday party.
- I see. I'll come ＿＿＿Saturday evening.
A in
B at
C on
D for
8Let's hurry，or we'll be late ＿＿＿school
A to
B at
C with
D for
9They will have a maths test ＿＿＿two days
A for
B at
C in
D after
10My brother jo ined the army ＿＿＿
A1989，March B in March，1989
C March，1989 D1989，in March
11He couldn't work out the maths problem ＿＿＿your help
A without
B under
C for
D with
12Granny took one look at us ＿＿＿her glasses
A by
B through
C on
D in
13We had our breakfast ＿＿＿a quarter ＿＿＿seven
A/，to B in，to C at，to D on，to
14I learn French ＿＿＿the radio every day
A on
B in
C from
D at
15It's good manners to wait ＿＿＿line
A in
B on
C at
D with
16How many English words had you learnt ＿＿＿last term?
A by the end of
B at the end of
C to the end of
D till the end of
17The manager was very satisfied ＿＿＿his work
A in
B on
C about
D with
18John hit Jack ＿＿＿face
A on the
B in the
C on his
D in his
19I was born ＿＿＿the night ＿＿＿September 15，1978
A in，on
B at，on
C at，in
D on，of
20It's a bad manner to laugh ＿＿＿people when they are ＿＿＿trouble A over，in B at，in C in，at D at，for
21I can't do this work well ＿＿＿Tom's help
A under
B for
C without
D fro m
22Don't shout ＿＿＿the old woman。

You should be more polite ＿＿＿her A to，at B at，to C in，for D from，for
"
23We must be strict ＿＿＿our selves ＿＿＿everything
A with，in
B in，with
C with，to
D to，of
24He went to the football match ＿＿＿lunch last Sunday
A to
B without
C behind
D between
25The people's Republic of China was founded ＿＿＿1949
A with
B on
C since
D in
26Mr Black got to Hangzhou ＿＿＿a few days
A in
B after
C on
D at
27- Has the teacher given you any advice ＿＿＿your English study?
- Yes，he has
A from
B with
C on
D in
28You may depend ＿＿＿him He is ＿＿＿honest man
A on，a
B in，an
C on，an
D at，the
29＿＿＿my joy，I can answer this question
A With
B To
C By
D For
30The teacher asked the students to look ＿＿＿the word in the dictionary
A for
B at
C up
D after
31 A little monkey is playing ＿＿＿a tree and there are a lot of bananas ＿＿＿it
A on，on
B in，on
C on，in
D in，in
32 I go to school ＿＿＿bus every morning.
A. in
B. by
C. on
D. at
33 No one likes a person ＿＿＿bad manners.
A. without
B. on
C. out of
D. with
34 The policeman was surprised ＿＿＿the news.
A. into
B. for
C. at
D. out of
35 He had to sell newspapers ＿＿＿seven.
A. at an age of
B. at the ages of
C. at the age of
D. at age of
36 The little girl couldn't help ＿＿＿when she saw a large dog.
A. cried
B. to cry
C. crying
D. cries
三、知识点梳理
一、介词短语的形式：
介词是一种虚词，不能独立存在。

它必须和随后的补足成分（又称“介词宾语”）一起构成介词短语，才能用于句中。

介词宾语可以是名词、代词、数词、动名词、wh-短语、从句等。

现分别举例如下：
⑴介词＋名词，例如：(go) by bus 乘公共汽车（去）(play) in the park 在公园里（玩）(come) on Sunday 星期天（来）
⑵介词＋代词，例如：(talk) to oneself 对自己（说），自言自语(a letter) for you 给你的（信）(not…) at all 一点也（不）
⑶介词＋数词，例如：(cut sth) in two （把……切）成两半
⑷介词＋动名词，例如：(a way) of doing that 做那件事的（方式）be good at drawing pictures善于画画
⑸介词＋wh-短语，例如：(talk) about what to do next（谈论）下一步该做什么
⑹介词＋从句，例如：Please think of what I said. 请你考虑我说的话。

二、介词短语的基本用法：
⑴介词短语用作表语，例如：The post office is just across the street. 邮局就在街对面。

She looks so much like her mother. 她长得非常像她的母亲。

⑵介词短语用作宾语补足语，例如：I was surprised to find him on the bus. 发现他在公共汽车上，我很吃惊。

Please make yourself at home. 请随便一点，不要拘束。

⑶介词短语用作后置定语，例如：The girl in the hat is my sister. 那个头戴帽子的女孩是我的妹妹。

Do you like the jacket on the left? 你喜欢左边的那件短上衣吗？Did you see the house with many trees around it? 你看到那座周围长满树的房子了吗？
⑷介词短语用作状语，例如：What are you going to do on Christmas? 在圣诞节你打算做什么？A policeman is standing next to him. 一位警察站在他的旁边。

By the way, what time is it now? 顺便问一下，现在几点了？Miss Zhao came in with a big smile on her face. 赵老师满面笑容地走了进来。

三、几组介词的用法比较：
1. in, at, on：这三个介词都可以表示时间，但在使用上有区别。

⑴in表示时间段，即在较长的一段时间内。

例如：in the morning / afternoon / evening 在早晨／下午／晚上in the daytime / night 在白天／夜里in a day / week / month / year 在一天／一周／一个月／一年内in August 在八月in spring / summer / autumn / winter 在春天／夏天／秋天／冬天in (the year) 2004 在2004年3月19日星期五in the winter holiday(s) 在寒假in one’s life在（某人）一生中He is in his twenties. 他二十几岁了。

⑵一般认为，at表示时间点，即钟点、（做某事的）时刻等。

例如：at six o’clock在六点钟at noon (= at 12:00 in the daytime) 在中午at that time 在那时候；当时at the moment (= now) 现在；此刻at the end of the holiday 在假期结束时
但是，在以下的时间短语中，at却表示时间段：at dinner time 在（吃）晚饭时at night 在夜间at weekends / the weekend 在周末at Christmas 在圣诞期间at this time of (the) year 在一年的这个时节
⑶on表示特定的日子。

例如：①表示日期：on March 20, 2004 在2004年3月20日②表示星期几：on Saturday 在星期六on weekdays 在平时；从周一到周五（或周六）③表示某日的时辰：on Sunday morning 在星期日早晨on a Monday afternoon 在一个星期一的下午on the night of August 10 在8月10 日的夜里④表示节日、纪念日：on New Year’s Day在元旦on my birthday 在我生日那天on that day 在那天⑤表示特别的日子：on the following day （在）第二天on a cold winter morning 在一个寒冬的早晨on a sunny day in October 在10月的一个晴朗的日子
2. during, in:
两者用作介词时均与表示一般时间的名词连用，意为“在…期间”，一般情况下能相互换用。

但是，在实际运用中应注意下面几点：
①.若谓语动词着重于动作或状态的延续性时，习惯用during ；若表示某一行为发生在一段时间中的某一点时间时，习惯用in。

例如：I learned a lot during my stay in the countryside .我呆在农村的那段日子里学了很多东西。

She was born in 1997 .她出生于1997年。

②. 当表示对比或强调时，多用in，而不用during。

例如：Mr. Black visited China in 1980 , not in 1970 .
布莱克生先是1980年访问中国的，不是1970年。

③.表示一段时间的名词holiday , childhood , stay等词前，习惯上用during ，而不用in。

例如：I think that maybe his Chinese teacher will give Jim some work to do during the holiday .我想这段假期或许吉姆的汉语老师会给他一些作业做。

3. for, since:
for和since引导的时间状语都有延续之意，但着眼点不同，用法也有所不同。

⑴“for＋时间段”表示“（延续）……之久”，其着眼点是现在，即表示延续到现在的一段时间（与现在完成时连用），或表示一段已经终结了的时间（与过去时连用），或表示将要延续的一段时间（与将来时连用）。

例如：They have lived in China for two years. 他们在中国已经住了两年。

（现在还在中国）They lived in China for two years. 他们在中国住过两年。

They will stay here for a few weeks. 他们将在这里住上几个星期。

⑵“since＋时间点”表示“自从（过去某时）以来”，其着眼点是过去某时，即表示自过去某时延续至今的一段时间，常与现在完成时连用。

例如：She has worked here since 1999. 自1999年以来，她就在这里工作。

I haven’t written home since Christmas. 自圣诞节以来，我就没有给家里写过信。

We haven’t seen each other since three years ago. 自三年前以来，我们彼此就未见过面。

since还可以用作从属连词，引导时间状语从句(通常用一般过去式)。

例如：It has been raining since I got up this morning. 今天早晨我起床以来，天一直在下雨。

It is just a week since we arrived here. 我们到这里以来只有一星期的时间。

4. on, above, over：
这三个介词都可以表示地点，意思是“在……上”，但具体含义有所不同。

⑴on是指与物体表面接触而不是在其上方。

例如：They are sitting on the grass. 他们坐在草地上。

Do you live on the second floor? ［美国英语］你住在二楼吗？／［英国英语］你住在三楼吗？He jumped on the horse. 他跳上了马。

⑵above是指离开物体表面而在其上方，其反义词为below。

例如：The plane flew above the clouds.飞机在
⑶over是指在物体的正上方，有时还有“覆盖；越过”之意，其反义词为under。

例如：A lamp was hanging over the table.一盏灯高挂在餐桌上方。

I saw a stone bridge over the river. 我看见一座石桥横跨河上。

5. by, before, until：这三个介词都可以表示时间。

用法区别如下：
⑴by和before的比较：by表示“不迟于某时”（= not later than），包括某时在内；before则表示“在某时之前”（= earlier than），不包括某时在内。

请比较：
by Friday.（不迟于星期五）
I will finish it
before Friday.（早于星期五）
⑵by和until的比较：by表示一个动作在不迟于某时的任何时候发生，动词常用瞬时性动词；until（用于肯定句时）表示一个动作一直延续到某时，动词常用延续性动词。

请比较：We must leave by five o’clock.（5点或5点以前离开）We must wait until five o’clock.（一直等到5点）
6. between, among：
①.between 多指两者之间。

如：What's the difference between the two words? among指三者或三者以上的同类事物之间，在或笼统的一群人或一些物之中，表示“在……中间，在……之中”。

如：The young people lived and worked among the workers.
注意：我们可以说between you and me，但不能说between you and I，因为between是介词。

②.between还可以用来指三个或三个以上的人或物的每两个之间。

三个或三个以上的名词用and连接，前面用between，而不用among。

如：Switzerland lies between France, Italy, Austria and Germany.瑞士位于法国,意大利,奥地利和德国之间。

7. instead, instead of：
⑴instead不是介词，而是副词。

它的意思是“作为代替；（不……）而”，中文译法灵活。

instead常位于句末。

例如：He was ill, so I went instead. 他病了，因此我就（代他）去了。

I don’t like this one; please give me that instead. 我不喜欢这一个，请把那一个给我。

They don’t have beef; let’s have some fish instead. 他们没有牛肉，我们改吃鱼吧。

instead还可以用作连接性状语，表示对比。

例如：They didn’t go to Greece, instead, they went to France. 他们没有去希腊，而是去了法国。

⑵instead of是复合介词，意思是“代替；而（不）”，其后面的内容具有否定意义。

instead of可后接名词、代词或动名词，也可后接介词短语。

例如：Give me the red one instead of the green one. 请给我那个红色的，而不是那个绿色的。

She had tea instead of coffee. 她没有喝咖啡而喝了茶。

He walked downstairs instead of taking the lift. 他是走下楼的，没有乘电梯。

They went there on foot instead of by bus. (= … instead of going by bus.) 他们是走到那里去的，没有乘公共汽车。

四、介词与其它词类的常见搭配：
以下是初中英语中一部分常见的介词与其它词类的搭配情况：
⑴“介词＋名词”的搭配：
above zero 零度以上after a while 片刻之后
after class 下课以后along the road 沿路
at breakfast 早餐时at first 起先；首先
at home 在家at last 终于；最后
at least 至少；起码at night 在夜里
at the bus stop 在公共汽车站at the end of 在……末
at the same time 同时at three o’clock 在三点钟
at times 有时；偶尔before long 不久以后
by air / bus 乘飞机／公共汽车by the door 在门口
by the end of 到……末之前by the time (when…) 到……的时候by the way 顺便问（说）一下during summer holidays 在暑假from Monday to Friday 从周一到周五from now on 从现在起
in a hurry 匆忙地in bed （躺）在床上
in English 用英语in fact 实际上；事实上
in the city 在城里in the country 在乡下
in the daytime 在白天in the east of 在……东部
in the end 最后in the morning 在早晨
in the open air 在户外；露天in this way 用这种方法
in time 及时on display / show 陈列；展出
on duty 值班；值日on foot 走路；步行
on Monday morning 在星期一早晨on the east of 在……以东（接壤）on the left 在左边on the other hand 另一方面
on time 按时；准时over there 在那边
to the east of 在……东面（不接壤）with sb’s help 在某人的帮助下
⑵“动词＋介词”的搭配：
agree with 同意……的意见ask for 请求；询问
begin with 以……开始fall off （从……）掉下
get off 下（车）get on 上（车）
get to 到达go over 过一遍；仔细检查
hear of 听说knock at 敲（门）
laugh at 嘲笑learn from 向……学习
listen to 听……look after 照顾；照看
look at 看…… look for 寻找
look like 看起来像……一样look over 仔细检查
pay for 付钱；支付point at / to 指向
quarrel with 跟某人吵架talk about 谈论
think about 考虑think of 认为；想起
trip over （被……）绊倒wait for 等候
⑶“形容词＋介词”的搭配：
be afraid of 害怕；担心be amazed at 对……感到惊讶
be angry with 对……生气be excited about 对……感到激动be famous for 因……而有名be far from 远离
be fed up with 厌倦be full of 充满；装满
be good at 善于；擅长于be interested in 对……感兴趣
be kind to 对……友好be late for 迟到
be near to 靠近be pleased with 对……感到满意be proud of 以……自豪be ready for 准备好
be sure of 对……有把握be worried about 为……感到焦急【考题分析】
1．He has been late for school three times _____ the morning of last Friday.
A. in
B. on
C. since
D. until
分析：本题介词的选择取决于谓语动词所用的时态。

谓语动词用了现在完成时，与之相对应的介词应当是since。

答案 C
2．I forgot to bring the key ______ my office.
A. of
B. for
C. with
D. to
分析：在英语中，表达“门的钥匙”、“练习的答案”要用key这个词，它需要用介词to与后面的名词连用，这是习惯用法。

其他的例子还有：an answer to the question 问题的答案，a reply to our letter 对我们信的答复，the entrance to the building 大楼入口处，the monument to the heroes 英雄纪念碑，等等。

答案 D 3．改错：The group of players will come back after three days.
分析：在使用将来时的句子中，如果表示“某段时间以后”，介词不能用“after＋时间段”，而要使用“in＋时间段”。

答案after three days改为in three days。

4．Mr. Brown flew to Washington _____ the night before last.
A in
B on
C at
D /
分析：在表达某一天的具体时间时，应该用介词“on”。

但是本句是表达“在前天的夜里”，与“在前天”the day before yesterday相仿，前面不该用任何介词，所以本题答案应该选“D”。

5. The school gate is ______ the north of the classroom building.
A in
B to
C on
D at
分析：在英语中，表达“东、南、西、北”的方位介词常见有三个：表示在方位区域的内部时，用介词“in”。

如：The playground is in the south of the school.（操场在学校的南面。

）表示在与方位区域连壤的外部时，应该用介词“on”。

如：Room 203 is on the west of Room 205.（203室在205室的西面。

）表示在与方位区域不连壤的外部时，应该用介词“to”。

如：Shanghai is to the east of Nanjing.（上海在南京的东面。

）本题的“校门”在“教学大楼”的北面，应该用介词“to”，所以答案应该选“B”。

6. You’ll get one thousand dollars _____.
A after all
B at all
C in all
D all together
分析：“after all”意为“到底”、“毕竟”、“终于”；“at all”通常与“not”连用，意为“完全不”、“一点也不”；“in all”通常用于数量词后面，意为“总共”，同义词是“altogether”。

所以本题答案应该选“C”。

7. This bus can run _____ 70 miles an hour. A for B with C at D in
分析：在表示“速度”、“温度”、“价格”意思时，应该用介词“at”。

如：at the speed of…at the price of…所以本题答案应该选：C
8. It’s said he stayed there quietly _____ two o’clock that afternoon.
A on
B at
C until
D by
分析：“at two o’clock that afternoon”意为“在昨天下午两点钟”，时态通常用“过去进行时”；“by two o’clock that afternoon”意为“在昨天下午两点钟前”，时态通常用“过去完成时”；“until two o’clock that afternoon”意为“直到昨天下午两点钟”，时态通常用“一般过去时”。

本句中“stay”是延续动词，因此可用“until”句型；如果句中谓语是瞬间动词的话，就应该用“not …until”句型了。

所以本题答案应该选“C”。

9. Tom didn’t attend the lecture yesterday evening _____ his illness.
A as
B for
C because
D because of
分析：在本句中，“因为生病”是一个词语，而不是原因状语从句，因此，不能选连词“as”、“for”或“because”来连接，而要用介词词组“because of”。

所以本题答案应该选“D”。

10. Now it’s quite important _____ us to make full use of time.
A for
B to
C of
D with
分析：“It’s important to sb.”（意为“它对某人来说很重要”）是词语搭配，“It’s … for sb. to do …”（意为“做某事对某人来说是怎样的”）是句型。

当两者交叉、重叠使用时，词语要让位于句型。

故本题答案应该选：A同样，“I like it so much that …”句型中用“so”、而不用“very”，也属于这种类型的表达方式。

A of, for
B for, for
C of, of
D for, of
分析：这句是“It’s … of sb. to do”句型，意为“某人真是怎么样，做了某事”。

后半句中“ticket for”是固定词语，意为“什么内容的票子”。

所以本题答案应该选：A
四、优化与提高题
一、用适当的介词填空：
1. You can find the post office ________ a fruit shop and a book shop.
2. We have friends all ________ the world.
3. You have to write a line ________ the last name ________ the book.
4. The answer ________ the question was quite difficult.
5. The children are not allowed to look ________ ________ the window in class.
6. They have stayed in the hotel ________ nearly ten days.
7. The teacher is standing ________ ________ ________ the students.
8. ________ the time the firemen arrived, the big fire had been put out.
9. My house is _____ the other side _____ river, so I have to go _____ the bridge.
10. They all went to sleep ___ young Tom. He was listening to music ___ the radio.
11. The students go to school ________ Monday ________ Friday.
12. My office is ________ ________ theirs.
13. Do not throw any litter ________ the river.
14. What do you think ________ the movie? — Wonderful!
15. The dead leaves on the ground also keep the water ________ running away.
16. The trees can be planted ________ the lake.
17. We got on together just ________ old friends.
18. I was told that we could do that ________ different ways.
19. What do you want to do after you graduate ________ school?
20. Can you see the broom ________ the door?
二、用适当的介词或副词填空：
1. The rain was not enough most plants.
2. March is the month February and April.
3. his brother, David prefers coffee juice.
4. Tony got early Christmas Day to find his presents.
5. Two big bags fell the trucks.
6. We should work even harder to keep our environment pollution.
7. Have you brought any fresh water ________ you?
8. Spring here lasts March May.
9. Let’s go the text first.
10. Look! The plane has taken and is flying the sky.
11. Do you live far your school?
12. I won’t believe it until I see it my own eyes.
13. Everybody wants a house his own.
14. Before you buy the shirt, you’d better try it .
15. When did they set ? — Early the morning.
16. There is no fire some smoke.
17. Why didn’t you write all these words your notebook?
18. Look belongings (随身物品), or you might lose them.
20. Those buildings should be pulled once.
参考答案:课前检测1-5DBDCC 6-10 CCDCB 11-15 ABCAA 16-20 ADBDB 21-25 CBAB D 26-30 BCCBC 31-35 BBDCC 36-40 CA
一、1. between 2. over 3. under, in 4. to 5. out of 6. for 7. in front of 8. By 9. on, of, across 10. except, on 11. from,
to 12. next to 13. into 14. of 15. from 16. around 17. like 18. in 19. from 20. behind
二、1. for 2. between 3. Unlike, to 4. up, on 5. off 6. from 7. with 8. from, to 9. over 10. off, into 11. away fro m
12. with 13. of 14. on 15. out, in 16. without 17. down, in 18. after 19. instead of 20. down at
一、英语阅读理解专项练习试卷
1．阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳选项。

Once there was a small hotel whose keeper was always caring about money.
One day, a businessman arrived. The keeper looked at the man's thick wallet and thought, "Oh, I wish that all the money could be mine!" The businessman didn't notice that, so he ordered the most expensive room and went to his room to dress for dinner.
Around the hotel, there were some beautiful ginger(姜) plants. Many people said that eating the buds(芽) of ginger would make a person forgetful.
The keeper thought, "If I serve some buds of ginger to the businessman, he may be forgetful to take his
Soon, businessman came downstairs and asked for dinner. The keeper was very excited as she served the dish to him. "Delicious!" said the rich man. When dinner was finished, he went to bed happily.
In the next morning, the keeper saw the businessman leaving from the front door. As soon as he was out of sight, she ran up to his room. She looked all over the room for the wallet, but she couldn't find it. Suddenly, she noticed a piece of paper on the floor. It was the businessman's bill(账单). He had forgotten to pay it! She ran down the stairs, out of the front door, and across the road until she was out of breath, but the businessman was already far, far away. "I'm so s illy!”" cried the keeper.
（1）The keeper came up with an idea to own the businessman's money when __________.
A. she dressed herself
B. she cooked the meal in the kitchen
C. the businessman went upstairs happily
D. she thought of the buds of ginger around her hotel
（2）The keeper ran into the businessman's room as soon as he left because __________.
A. she wanted to find the man's bill
B. she wanted to find the key to the man's room
C. she wanted to check if the man had left his money there
D. she wanted to see if the man had broken anything in the room
（3）Which if the following is NOT true according to this passage?
A. The keeper realized the buds of ginger didn't work in the end.
B. The keeper ran after the businessman because of the bill.
C. The businessman didn't know the rumor (谣言) about the buds of ginger.
D. The businessman didn't pay the keeper's bill because he lost his money.
【答案】（1）D
（2）C
（3）D
【解析】【分析】文章大意：一个贪财的旅店老板整天惦记着钱，一天一个商人来住店了，他认为商人有很多钱，于是就动了心思，他记着有些人说吃了姜芽可以让人失去记忆，于是他就给商人吃了姜芽，第二天当商人出门之后，他去了房间找钱，但是啥也没有，只发现了一个账单，那是住店的账单，这是他想起来了，商人还没有结账就走了。

（1）细节理解题，根据 Around the hotel, there were some beautiful ginger(姜) plants. Many people said that eating the buds(芽) of ginger would make a person forgetful. 可知，当他想起了旅店周围的姜的时候，想起了一个把商人的钱占为己有的方法，故答案是D。

（2）细节理解题，根据As soon as he was out of sight, she ran up to his room. She looked all over the room for the wallet, but she couldn't find it. 可知，他去房间是为了找商人的钱，故答案是C。

（3）正误判断题，根据He had forgotten to pay it! 可知没因为商人丧失了记忆力，忘记了结账，故答案
【点评】考查阅读理解，本文主要涉及到了细节理解题和正误判断题。

细节理解题相对简单，一般可以直接从文中找到答案或者解题依据。

正误判断题是细节理解的一种题型，也是根据文章内容进行判断的。

2．阅读理解
(B)
To be honest, I enjoy music a lot and Tejano music is my favorite．Tejano music was born in Texas．Although it has influences from Mexico and some other Latin American countries，the main influence is from America．Like most music around the world，Tejano music mixes many different styles．It combines(结合)folk，country，
rock and a bit of the blues．
I prefer to listen to Tejano music because it makes me feel good．I enjoy dancing to it，too．It's so easy that there is no rule for my friends who want to join me．Some of my classmates also like Tejano music．It is popular
with young people．
I also love other kinds of music．I listen to rock when I'm happy．My favorite rock band is Creed because they sing a lot about their lives and express how they feel in their songs．They sing about their past experiences，their feelings and the way they want their lives to change．I also like heavy metal music．Metallica is my favorite heavy metal band．I usually listen to their music when I am upset．It tells me that．whatever difficulties I meet in life，
I must try hard to get the things I want and I should never give up．
Music influences us all in different ways．What type of music do you like?
（1）What's the writer's favorite music?
A. Rock music
B. Soft music
C. Tejano music
D. Folk music
（2）How many kinds of music does the Tejano music combine?
A. Three
B. Four
C. Two
D. Five
（3）When the writer is happy，he／she listens to ．
A. Tejano music
B. rock
C. heavy metal music
D. country music
（4）Which is the writer's favorite heavy metal band?
A. Metallica
B. Creed
C. Maroon 5
D. the Beatles
（5）Which of the following is TRUE?
A. Tejano music is so difficult because there are lots of rules．
B. Tejano music is popular with old people．
C. Tejano music has influences from Mexico and America．
D. Tejano music combines(结合)folk，country，rock and a bit of the blues
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（4）A
（5）D
【解析】【分析】这篇短文主要介绍了他喜欢的几种音乐：德克萨斯乐，摇滚乐和重金属音乐。

德克萨斯乐来源于德克萨斯州，尽管它的影响来源于墨西哥和其它拉丁美洲国家，但是最主要的影响是来自美洲。

像世界大多数的音乐一样，德克萨斯乐是有很多音乐形式合成的，它结合了民间音乐，乡村音乐，摇滚乐和布鲁斯。

我喜欢听德克萨斯乐是因为它让我感觉良好。

它很受年轻人的喜爱。

我还喜欢摇滚乐，我最喜欢的摇滚阅读是Greed.我也喜欢重金属音乐。

音乐用不同的方式影响着我们的生活。

（1）细节理解题。

根据短文中第一句话To be honest, I enjoy music a lot and Tejano music is my favorite．可知我最喜欢的音乐是Tejano music，故答案选C。

（2）细节理解题。

根据短文第二段中句子Tejano music mixes many different styles．It combines(结合)folk，country，rock and a bit of the blues．可知Tejano music 结合了folk，country，rock and blues四种音乐形式。

故答案为B。

（3）细节理解题。

根据第四段第二句话I listen to rock when I'm happy．可知作者高兴的时候听摇滚音乐。

故答案为B。

（4）细节理解题。

根据第四段中的句子I also like heavy metal music．Metallica is my favorite heavy metal band．可知作者最喜欢的重金属摇滚乐队是Metallica 。

故答案选A。

（5）综合判断题。

根据前三段中对德克萨斯乐的介绍内容，由句子Although it has influences from Mexico and some other Latin American countries，the main influence is from America．答案C错误；由句子It is popular with young people．可知答案B错误；由句子It's so easy that there is no rule for my friends who want to join me．可知答案A错误；由句子It combines(结合)folk，country，rock and a bit of the blues．可知答案D正确，故答案为D。

【点评】细节理解题是考查事实和细节的，大多数是针对文章的细节设计的。

只要通读全文，了解文中所叙述的重要事实或细节，就可以解答出来，有的甚至可以从文章的原句中直接找到答案。

3．阅读理解
Maybe we three were the most unlucky graduates in our school history. I'll never forget the day when we had our graduation ceremony(毕业典礼).
I was known for being careless. I often fell down for no reason. Since I fell off the stage(舞台)during my Primary Graduation Ceremony, my family bet(打赌)that I would fall down again during my next graduation ceremony. The day came so quickly. This time, I proudly made it through the whole ceremony without falling. but I knocked over the whole backdrop (背景板)used to take pictures for graduates! I felt so embarrassed (尴尬的)the whole morning.
My friend Julia was even more embarrassed. When she together with all the graduates was sitting quietly in the hall at eight in the morning, she didn't expect her father to come to attend her ceremony because he was
sudden, out of the silence, she heard "Hey,
Julia!" Everyone in the hall looked behind and found Julia's father, with a camera in his hand, smiling at her!
Tiffany was the most beautiful girl of us three. She loved all kinds of dresses. On that day, she dressed herself beautifully and wanted to have some beautiful photos. Unluckily, it was one of the windiest days of our life. The wind blew her beautiful dress up in front of the whole graduate class! She didn't know whether to cry or laugh.
Lucky? Unlucky? So lucky! All of these became the unforgettable part of our life!
（1）The writer was very in her daily life.
A. careless
B. careful
C. friendly
D. lazy
（2）Julia's father at the graduation ceremony.
A. sat quietly in his seat
B. was busy with his work
C. took pictures for her
D. dropped a pin on the ground
（3）This story happened on a morning.
A. cloudy
B. windy
C. sunny
D. rainy
（4）Tiffany was embarrassed because that day.
A. she fell off the stage
B. she didn't have beautiful dresses
C. her dress was blown up
D. her photos weren't unforgettable
（5）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. The girls weren't in the same school.
B. The writer knocked over the backdrop.
C. Julia knew that her father would come.
D. Tiffany loved all kinds of shoes.
【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）B
（4）C
（5）B
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章讲述了在毕业典礼上，三个孩子身上所发生的的尴尬的事。

幸运？不吉利？如此幸运！所有这些都成为人们生活中难忘的一部分！
（1）细节理解题，根据I was known for being careless.可知，作者在平常生活中很粗心，故答案是A。

（2）逻辑推理题，根据Everyone in the hall looked behind and found Julia's father, with a camera in his hand, smiling at her!可知朱莉的爸爸在为朱莉拍照，故答案是C。

知风把她漂亮的衣服在全班同学面前吹起来了，所以那天上午是一个大风天，故答案是B。

（4）细节理解题，根据倒数第二段的叙述可知蒂芙尼窘迫的原因是漂亮的裙子被风吹起来了，故答案是C。

（5）正误判断题，根据I knocked over the whole backdrop (背景板)used to take pictures for graduates!可知作者弄到了拍照用的背景板，因此A的陈述是正确的，故答案是B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节题、逻辑推理题和正误判断题几种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；逻辑推理题需要联系上下文，按照一定的逻辑推理方式推断出需要的信息正误判断题同属于细节理解题，需要根据短文内容进行判断。

4．阅读理解
Many of us don't pay much attention to the importance of eye care. It is said that if you take care of your body, then you can surely be healthy. That is why our eyes should be given a lot of care. Natural eye care should be put in the first place.
There are several causes leading to poor eyesight like not eating enough food, genes(基因) and. aging(老化). Televisions, computers and reading are also the causes of having poor eyesight. If you happen to work in front of a computer, you'd better take a break every once in a while.
Something dirty can cause redness and it will make you feel uncomfortable. It is bad for your eyes, too. If this happens, the best way is to clean your eyes by using cold water. You must also try your best to protect your eyes from harmful things. For example, sunglasses are not just for fashion but they can also serve as a great way to protect your eyesight from UV rays.
Eating healthy food will do good to your eyesight. Remember that vitamins A, C and E are good for eyes. Try to eat food groups that have these vitamins. And you should do eye exercises because they protect your eyesight, too. If a person exercises regularly(定期地) and eats the right kind of food, his eyes will stay in good condition for a long time.
All above are natural ways of eye care that help us keep healthy eyes. Being happy all the time can be helpful to a person's eyesight, too. In a word, eye care is very important, no matter how old a person is.
（1）________________ is the most important way to protect our eyes.
A. Taking medicine
B. Natural eye care
C. Seeing the doctor
D. Being happy all the time
（2）All the flowing causes can lead to poor eyesight EXCEPT ________________.
A. computers
B. aging
C. reading
D. height
（3）What should you do if you have to work in front of a computer according to the text?
A. Have a rest after working for a while.
B. Eat healthy food.
C. Clean eyes by using cold water.
D. Wear a pair of sunglasses.
（4）The underlined phrase "UV rays" means "________________"in Chinese.。