2022-2023年教师招聘《中学教师招聘》预测试题17(答案解析)

2022-2023年教师招聘《中学教师招聘》预测试题（答案
解析）
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第壹卷
一.综合考点题库(共50题)
1.“信”是我国历史上儒家倡导的“五常”之一，今天我们仍然提倡“诚信”，表明传统文化具有（）。

A.较大的包容性
B.较强的保守性
C.相对的稳定性
D.鲜明的民族性
正确答案：C
本题解析：
题干中说道“信”是我国历史上儒家倡导的“五常”之一，今天我们仍然提倡诚信。

根据这一信息，可以看出传统文化在世代相传中保留着基本特征。

同时，它的具体内涵又因时而变，体现了传统文化的相对稳定性。

因此，本题答案选C。

2.下图是我国东南沿海某城市的城市功能区分布示意图。

图中A、B、C是三种不同的功能区。

该城市是在合理规划的基础上建成的。

图中三种功能区分别是商业区、工业区和居住区，则A、B、C分别代表的功能区是()。

A.商业区、居住区、工业区
B.居住区、商业区、工业区
C.工业区、商业区、居住区
D.商业区、工业区、居住区
正确答案：A
本题解析：
根据图中信息可知，B占地面积最大，所以是住宅区；A位于市中心位置，所以布局商业区；C位于与盛行风向垂直的郊外、河流的下游，所以是工业区。

3.根据以下材料，回答
It′s one of our common beliefs that miceare afraid of cats. Scientists have long known that even if a mouse has neverseen a cat before, it is still able to detect chemical signals released from itand run away in fear. This has always been thought to be something that is hard-wiredinto a mouse′ s brain.
But now Wendy Ingram, a graduate student atthe University of California, Berkeley, has challenged this common sense. Shehas found a way to "cure" mice of their inborn fear of cats by infectingthem with a parasite, reported the science journal Nature. The parasite, called Toxoplasma gondii,might sound unfamiliar to you, but the shocking fact is that up to one-third ofpeople around the world are infected by it. This parasite can cause different diseasesamong humans, especially pregnant women--it is linked to blindness and thedeath of unborn babies.
However, the pa rasite′s effects on mice areunique, Ingram and her team measured how mice reacted to a cat′ s urine (尿) before and after it was infected by the parasite. They noted thatnormal mice stayed far away from the urine while mice that were infected withthe parasite walked freely around the test area.
But that′s not all. The parasite was foundto be more powerful than originally thought--even after researchers cured themice of the infection. They no longer reacted with fear to a cat′s smell, whichcould indicate that the infection has caused a permanent change in mice′ sbrains.
Why does a parasite change a mouse′s braininstead of making it sick like it does to humans? The answer lies in evolution.
"It′s exciting scary to know how aparasite can manipulate a mouse′s bra in this way," Ingram said. But shealso finds it inspiring. "Typically if you have a bacterial infection, you go to a doctor andtake antibiotics and the infection is cleared and you expect all the symptomsto also go away." She said, but this study has proven that wrong. "This may have huge implicationsfo
A.stayed far away from cat' s urine
B.moved around the area freely andfearlessly
C.because more sensitive to cat' s smell
D.were more afraid of cats
正确答案：B
本题解析：
细节题。

根据文章第四段“They notedthat normal mice stayed far away from the urine while mice that were infectedwith the parasite walked freely around the test area．”可知。

受到寄生虫感染的老鼠能够自由随意地在测试区域周围走动，故选B。

4.程序教学的理论基础是（）。

A.经典条件反射理论
B.知识主义学习理论
C.操作性条件反射理论
D.人本主义学习理论
正确答案：C
本题解析：
斯金纳是著名的行为主义心理学家，操作条件反射理论的创始人，并根据此理论提出程序教学。

5.（）是个体依据一定社会的道德准则与行为规范时表现出来的稳定的心理特征和倾向。

A.能力
B.态度
C.品德
D.性格
正确答案：C
本题解析：
品德是个体依据一定社会的道德准则与行为规范时表现出来的稳定的心理特征和倾向，是个性中具有道德评价意义的核心部分，是外部行为表现与内部心理活动的统一，是道德意识、道德情感与道德行为的统一。

6.A
People do not analyze every problem they meet. Sometimes they try to remember a solution from the last time they had a similar problem. They often accept the opinions or ideas of other people. Other times they begin to act without thinking. They try to find a solution by trial and error. However, when all these methods fail, the person with a problem has to start analyzing. There are six stages in analyzing a problem.
First the person must recognize that there is a problem. For example, Sam’s bicycle is broken, and he cannot read it to class as he usually does. Sam must see that there is a problem with his bicycle.
Next the thinker must define the problem. Before Sam can repair his bicycle, he must find out the reason why it does not work. For instance, he must determine if the problem is with the gears, the brakes, or the frame. He must make his problem more specific.
Now the person must look for information that will make the problem clearer and lead to possible solutions. For instance, suppose Sam decided that his bike does not work because there is something wrong with the gear wheels. At this time, he can look in his bicycle repair book and read about gears. He can talk to his friends at the bike shop. He can look at his gears carefully.
After studying the problem, the person should have several suggestions for a possible solution. Take Sam as an illustration. His suggestions might be: put oil on the gear wheels; buy new gear wheels and replace the old ones; tighten or loosen the gear wheels.
Eventually one suggestion seems to be the solution to the problem. Sometimes the final idea comes very suddenly because the thinker suddenly sees something new or sees something in a new way. Sam, for example, suddenly sees that there is a piece of chewing gum between the gear wheels. He immediately realizes the solution to his problem: he must clean the gear wheels.
Finally the solution is tested. Sam cleans the gear wheels a
A.People do not analyze the problem they meet
B.People often accept the opinions or ideas of other people
C.People may learn from their past experience
D.People can not solve some problems they meet
正确答案：A
本题解析：
根据第一自然段第1句，可判断出答案为A。

7.“夫英雄者，胸有大志，腹有良谋，有包藏宇宙之机，吞吐天地之志者也。

”这段关于“英雄”的见解出自《三国演义》中谁之口？（）
A.诸葛亮
B.孙权
C.刘备
D.曹操
正确答案：D
本题解析：
这段话出自罗贯中的《三国演义》中“青梅煮酒论英雄”一节，是曹操对“英雄”的认知。

故本题选D。

8.依次填入下列各句横线处的词语，最恰当的一组是（）。

①这位发言人?指出，美方对这次撞机事件必须承担全部责任，向中国人民作出交代，并防止类似事件再次发生。

②尽管这只是一次?，但民警与保安的迅速出击，表明本市第一个进入校园的电子保安报警系统已经成功地开通了。

③用歪曲事实的历史教科书作为学校的教材，必然?日本年轻一代对本国历史的认识偏离事实。

A.庄重演练引导
B.郑重演示引导
C.庄重演示导致
D.郑重演练导致
正确答案：D
本题解析：
逻辑问答题。

①中填入的词语应表达发言人对撞机事件严肃的态度，“庄重”指（言语、举止）不随便，不轻浮；“郑重”指严肃的样子或严肃地干某事，故排除AC。

②中应填入表示演习意思的词语，“演示”指通过一些方式和工具，将信息传达给他人；“演练”指训练演习，故选D。

9.I had a bad habit of skipping to the last pages of a book. I just wanted to see how it ended 11 I was still in the middle of it. This habit 12 first my morn, then my friends, and 13 even my own daughter. Often my 14 wouldn′t be limited
just to the books I read but also to what others were 15 as well. Then one day
my daughter told me in anger, "Dad, please just read a book one 16 at a time like everyone else!"
At times I didn′ t 17 this bad habit to just books either. I also tried to skip ahead in my own life and 18 out what to do months and even years from now 19 enjoying each day at present. Although I knew that the 20 of my life wasn′t done yet and that I had many pages 21 to go, I still couldn′t control my burning desire to write the 22 of it halfway through. Time and again, I would 23 jump ahead and try to solve every potential (潜在的) problem before it happened. Life, 24 , doesn′t work like that. It loves to 25 us, and you never know what new problems,changes, or opportunities each new day will 26 .
Recently when I found myself living in the 27 again, I felt a voice that gently told me I needed to "live one dayat a time". When I heard those words, I 28 , turned the book of my life back to the 29 . page, and thanked God for today.
Each of us has to 30 the book of life line by line, moment bymoment and trust that our story will be brought to its perfect end.
____13____
ually
B.obviously
C.accidentally
D.finally 正确答案：D
本题解析：
考查副词。

usually“通常”，obviously“明显地”，accidentally“意外地”，finally“最终”一根据上文“first…then…”可知，作者的这个习惯先是惹怒了妈妈，然后是朋友，最后甚至惹怒了女儿。

故选D。

10.Lisa was running late．Lisa,25 ,had a lot to do at work,plus visitors on the way: her parents were coming in for Thanksgiving from her hometown．But as she hurried down the subway stairs, she started to feel uncomfortably warn．By the time she got to the platform, Lisa felt weak and tired-- maybe it hadn' t been a good idea to give blood the night before, she thought．She rested herself against a post close to the tracks.
Several yards away, Frank ,43, and his girlfriend, Jennifer,found a spot close to where the front of the train would stop．They were deep in discussion about a house they were thinking of buying.
But when he heard the scream, followed by someone yelling," Oh, my God, she fell in!" Frank didn' t hesitate．He jumped down to the tracks and ran some 40 feet toward the body lying on the rails．"No ! Not you ! "his girlfriend screamed after him. She was right to be alarmed．By the time Frank reached Lisa, he could feel the tracks shaking and see the light coming．The train was about 20 seconds from the station. It was hard to lift her．She was just out．But he managed to raise her the four feet to the platform so that bystanders could hold her by the grins and drag her away from the edge．That was where Lisa briefly regained consciousness, felt herself
being pulled along the ground, and saw someone else holding her purse.
Lisa thought she' d been robbed．A woman held her hand and a man gave his shirt
to help stop the blood pouring from her head．And she tried to talk but she couldn' t, and that was when she realized how much pain she was in.
Police and fire officials soon arrived, and Frank told the story to an officer．Jennifer said her boyfriend was calm on their 40-minute train ride downtown--just as he had been seconds after the rescue,which made her think about her reaction at the time."I saw the train coming and I was thinking he was going to die．"she explained
What was the most probable cause for Lisa' s weakness?
A.She had run a long way
B.She felt hot in the subway
C.She had done a lot of work
D.She had donated blood the night before
正确答案：D
本题解析：
细节理解题。

由第一段倒数第二句“Lisa felt weak and tired--maybe it hadn’t been a good idea to give blood the night before”可知。

11.古埃及哈夫拉金字塔前象征国王智慧与力量的人像雕刻是（）。

A.《狮身人面像》
B.《老村长像》
C.《阿赫纳顿王立像》
D.《门老拉五与王妃像》
正确答案：A
本题解析：
狮身人面像又称“斯芬克斯”最初源于古埃及神话，被描述为长有翅膀的怪物在希腊神话中，赫拉派斯芬克斯坐在忒拜城附近的悬崖上，拦住过往的路人，用缪斯所传授的谜语问他们，猜不中者就会被它吃掉，所以斯芬克司的人面象征著智慧和知识故选A。

12.以下哪些不属于有意义学习的客观条件（）。

A.有意义学习的材料本身必须具有逻辑意义
B.学习者认知结构中必须具有能够同化新知识的适当的认知结构
C.学习者必须具有有意义学习的心向
D.学习者必须积极主动地使符号代表的新知识获得心理意义
正确答案：B、C、D
本题解析：
有意义学习既受学习材料本身性质（客观条件）的影响，也受学习者自身因素（主观条件）的影响。

从客观条件来看，有意义学习的材料本身必须具有逻辑意义。

13.在战国变法运动中，提出了“圣人苟可以强国，不法其故；苟可以利民，不循其理”的思想家是( )。

A.墨子
B.孟子
C.商鞅
D.荀子
正确答案：C
本题解析：
本题属材料型选择题，主要考查学生的理解和分析能力。

解题关键是弄懂材料的含义：只要利国、利民，可以不循陈规旧习，大胆进行改革。

再结合题干要求“战国思想家”对四个选项进行对比分析，不难确认这位思想家就是商鞅。

14.酒∶杯
A.饭∶桶
B.水∶井
C.菜∶筐
D.汤∶碗
正确答案：D
本题解析：
第一步，确定题干逻辑关系。

“杯”是盛“酒”的容器，二者属于对应关系，且“酒”是液体。

第二步，辨析选项。

A项：“桶”是盛“饭”的容器，但“饭”不是液体，排除；
B项：“井”不是盛“水”的容器，排除；
C项：“筐”是盛“菜”的容器，但“菜”不是液体，排除；
D项：“碗”是盛“汤”的容器，二者属于对应关系，且“汤”是液体，与题干逻辑关系一致，符合。

因此，选择D选项。

15. 菜根谭中说：“有妍必有丑之对，我不夸妍，谁能丑我?有洁必有污为之仇，我不好洁，谁能污我?”这段话的哲学含义是（）。

①矛盾在一定条件下可以相互转化
②矛盾的同一性寓于斗争性之中
③世界上的任何事物都处在相互联系之中
④要加强自身的思想道德修养
A.①②
B.③④
C.①③
D.②④
正确答案：C
本题解析：
菜根谭中的这句话的译文是：“事物有美好就有丑陋来对比，假如我不自夸美好，又有谁会讽刺我丑陋呢?世上的东西有洁净就有肮脏，假如我不自好洁净，有谁能脏污我呢?”妍与丑、洁与污相对应而存在，体现了矛盾双方相互依赖、相互依存，一方的存在以另一方的存在为前提。

“我不夸妍，谁能丑我?”、“我不好洁，谁能污我?”体现了矛盾双方在一定条件下可以相互转化。

事物之间是普遍联系的。

因此。

本题选C。

16.依据《普通高中英语课程标准(实验)》，以考查学生综合语言运用能力为目标，力求科学地、全面地考查学生在经过一段时间学习后所具有的语言水平，称为__________ 。

A.终结性评价
B.形成性评价
C.发展性评价
D.诊断性评价
正确答案：A
本题解析：
考查教学论知识。

总结性评价，也称终结性评价，通常在一门课程或教学活动(如一个单元、章节、科目或学期)结束后进行，是对一个完整的教学过程进行测定。

故选A。

17.A
People do not analyze every problem they meet. Sometimes they try to remember a solution from the last time they had a similar problem. They often accept the opinions or ideas of other people. Other times they begin to act without thinking. They try to find a solution by trial and error. However, when all these methods fail, the person with a problem has to start analyzing. There are six stages in analyzing a problem.
First the person must recognize that there is a problem. For example, Sam’s bicycle is broken, and he cannot read it to class as he usually does. Sam must see that there is a problem with his bicycle.
Next the thinker must define the problem. Before Sam can repair his bicycle, he must find out the reason why it does not work. For instance, he must determine if the problem is with the gears, the brakes, or the frame. He must make his problem more specific.
Now the person must look for information that will make the problem clearer and lead to possible solutions. For instance, suppose Sam decided that his bike does not work because there is something wrong with the gear wheels. At this time, he can look in his bicycle repair book and read about gears. He can talk to his friends at the bike shop. He can look at his gears carefully.
After studying the problem, the person should have several suggestions for a possible solution. Take Sam as an illustration. His suggestions might be: put oil on the gear wheels; buy new gear wheels and replace the old ones; tighten or loosen the gear wheels.
Eventually one suggestion seems to be the solution to the problem. Sometimes the final idea comes very suddenly because the thinker suddenly sees something new or sees something in a new way. Sam, for example, suddenly sees that there is a piece
of chewing gum between the gear wheels. He immediately realizes the solution to his problem: he must clean the gear wheels.
Finally the solution is tested. Sam cleans the gear wheels a
A.recognize and define the problem
B.look for information to make the problem clearer
C.have suggestions for a possible solution
D.find a solution by trial or mistake
正确答案：D
本题解析：
根据第二、三、四各自然段第1句，结合第一自然段第4句，可知答案为D。

18.设置学习目标、浏览阅读材料、产生待回答的问题以及分析如何完成学习任务属于（）。

A.监控策略
B.调节策略
C.复述策略
D.计划策略
正确答案：D
本题解析：
计划策略是根据认知活动的特定目标，在一项认知活动之前计划各种活动，预计结果，选择策略，提出各种解决题的方法，并预估其有效性的策略。

设置学习日标、浏览阅读材料、产生待回答的问题以及分析如何完成学习任务属于计划策略。

19.平时爱搞笑的小东几次竞选班干部均落选了。

对此，班主任应采取的恰当做法是（）。

A.提醒小东低调做人，注意拉票
B.建议小东放弃竞选，安于现状
C.鼓励小东不要气馁，继续努力
D.安慰小东顺其自然，随缘认命
正确答案：C
本题解析：
本题考查班主任工作。

班主任对于学生参与班干部竞选，要持鼓励的态度，并给与相应正确的方法。

A项班主任会打击学生的积极性，并且拉票是错误的行为。

BD选项均不利于学生小东竞选班干部积极性的培养。

C选项最有利于培养学生的积极性内在品质。

故本题选C。

20.对于媒体或者基层医疗机构而言，不能按照国外的模式来宣传家庭医生。

我们的家庭签约医生不同于欧美国家的私人医生，家庭医生不是私人医生，不能像外卖员一样随叫随到。

在人力、设备不能很好地满足百姓需求的时候，如果宣传“一个电话，医生到家”，而现实服务却跟不上，老百姓自然要吐槽。

文段的主要意思是（）。

A.媒体或基层医疗机构应如实宣传
B.对家庭医生的宣传不宜参照国外模式
C.家庭医生和欧美国家的私人医生不同
D.家庭医生的服务遭到老百姓吐槽
正确答案：B
本题解析：
主旨概括题。

文段是总分结构，首句是主旨句，后文是解释说明，B项是主旨句的同义替换项。

A项缺少家庭医生这一主体，排除；C项是解释说明的内容，非重点，排除；D项是解释说明中假设的内容，排除。

选择B。

21.Number sense is not the ability to count. It is the ability to recognize a __16__ in number. Human beings are born with this ability. __17__, experiments show that many animals are, too. For example, many birds have good number sense. If a nest has four eggs and you remove one, the bird will not __18__. However, if you remove two, the bird __19__ leaves. This means that the bird knows the __20__ between two and three.
Another interesting experiment showed a bird's __21__ number sense. A man was trying to take a photo of a crow that had a nest in a tower, but the crow always left when she saw him coming. The bird did not _22__ until the man left the tower. The man had an __23__. He took another man with him to the tower. One man left and the other stayed, but they did not __24__ the bird. The crow stayed away until the second man left, too. The experiment was __25__ with three men and then with four men. But the crow did not return to the nest until all the men were __26__. It was not until five men went into the tower and only four left that they were __27__ able to fool the crow.
How good is a human's number sense? It's not very good. For example, babies about fourteen months old almost always notice if something is taken away from a __28_ group. But when the number goes beyond three or four, the children are __29__ fooled. It seems that number sense is something we have in common with many animals in this world, and that our human __30__ is not much better than a crow's.
空白处选择
A.rise
B.pattern
C.change
D.trend
正确答案：C
本题解析：
考查词义辨析。

根据下文的“remove one/two”语义提示可知，这里是把数字发生变化；四个选项分别为：A“上升”，B“图案”，C“改变”，D“趋势”，由此可知本句含义为“数字感是分辨数字变化的能力”，故选C。

22.根据以下材料，回答
Using a computer or smartphone at nightcan cause us to 11 on the pounds, new
research has revealed.
The study found a link between blue light 12 --blue light is 13 by smartphones
and tables--and increasedhunger. It found that exposure to the light increases hunger levels for severalhours and even increases hunger levels 14 eating a meal. Results of the US study show thatblue-enriched light exposure, compared with 15 light exposure, was 16 with an increase in hunger that began 15minutes after light onset and was still present almost two hours after themeal. Blue light exposure has also already been shown to decreased 17 in the evening, increasing the risk ofinsomnia.
Study co-author Ivy Cheung, of NorthwesternUniversity in Chicago, said, "A single three-hour exposure toblue-enriched light in the evening 18 impacted hunger andglucose metabolism." "These results are important because theysuggest that 19 environmental light exposure for humansmay represent a novel 20 of influencing food intake patterns andmetabolism."
The study group 21 10 healthy adults with regular sleep and eating schedules who received
22 carbohydrate-rich meals. They completed afour-day trial 23 dim light conditions, which involvedexposure to less than 20 lux during 16 hours 24 and less than three lux duringeight hours of sleep. On day three they were exposed to three hours of 260 lux,blue-enriched light starting 10.5 hours after waking up, and the effects werecompared with dim light exposure on day two.
Ms Cheung said more research is needed todetermine the 25 of action involved in the relationshipbetween light exposure, hunger and metabolism. A.slightly
B.rarely
C.acutely
D.averagely
正确答案：C
本题解析：
考查上下文和副词辨析。

由全文可知，蓝光照射对饮食、睡眠、体重有极大的影响。

slightly“轻微地”，rarely“罕见地”，acutely“尖锐地，剧烈地”，averagely“平均地”，故选C。

23.“曲不离口，拳不离手”强调了在动作技能形成中起重要作用的是（）。

A.示范
B.反馈
C.练习
D.言语指导
正确答案：C
本题解析：
练习就是以掌握一定的动作（或活动）方式为目标所进行的反复操作过程。

24.1895年，恩格斯指出：“……历史表明，我们以及所有和我们有同样想法的人，都是不对的。

历史清楚地表明，当时欧洲大陆经济发展的状况还远没有成熟到可以铲除资本主义生产的程度。

”这表明马克思主义( )。

A.缺乏生产的经济基础
B.具有与时俱进的品质
C.不适应社会发展的需要
D.拥有广泛的群众基础
正确答案：B
本题解析：
恩格斯根据1895年的欧洲社会状况，修改了原有的判断，重新认识了资本主义的命运，认为资本主义在当时还不可能灭亡．这说明马克思主义并非一成不变，而是不断发展的，故B项正确。

A、C两项本身有误：D项与题干无关。

25.明朝范濂的《云间据目抄》记载：“松江旧无暑袜店，暑月间穿毡袜者甚众。

万历以来，用尤墩布(一种细密、柔软的棉布)为单暑袜，极轻美，远近争来购之。

故郡治西郊，广开暑袜店百余家。

合郡男妇皆以做袜为生，从店中给筹取值，亦便民新务。

”下列各项对材料理解正确的是( )。

①松江成为丝织业中心
②纺织业技术水平提高③松江出现了雇佣关系
④官府鼓励手工业发展
A.①②
B.①④
C.②③
D.③④
正确答案：C
本题解析：
题中只是描述了松江地区纺织业发达，并未提到松江成为丝织业中心，故①错误；“万历以来，用尤墩布(一种细密、柔软的棉布)为单暑袜，极轻美，远近争来购之”体现了纺织业技术水平提高，故②正确：“故郡治西郊，广开暑袜店百余家。

合郡男妇皆以做袜为生，从店中给筹取值，亦便民新务”体现了雇佣关系，故③正确；题中没有官府鼓励手工业发展的信息，故④错误，C项符合题意。

26.能够促进脂肪酶水解的酶是（）。

A.淀粉酶
B.蛋白酶
C.脂肪酶
D.麦芽糖酶
正确答案：B
本题解析：
脂肪酶属于蛋白质，蛋白质酶能水解蛋白质。

27.下图是我国东南沿海某城市的城市功能区分布示意图。

图中A、B、C是三种不同的功能区。

该城市是在合理规划的基础上建成的。

下列叙述不属于功能区C布局的主要区位优势的是()。

A.滨江临海，水运条件好。

交通便利
B.水源充足，地势平坦
C.位于城市河流的下游地区，对城市的污染较小
D.人口稠密，劳动力充足
正确答案：D
本题解析：
C是工业区，人口稠密的地方是住宅区。

28.When you want to go shopping, decide how much money you can spend for new clothes．Think about the kind of clothes you really need．Then look for those clothes on sale (销售)．
There are labels (标签) inside all new clothes．The labels tell you how to take care of your clothes．The label for a shirt may tell you to wash it in warm water．A sweater label may tell you to wash by washing in cold water．The label on a coat may say "dry clean only．" Washing may ruin(损坏) this coat．If you do as the directions (说明) say on the label ,you can keep your clothes looking their best．Many clothes today must be dry cleaned．Dry cleaning is expensive．When buying new clothes,check (核实) to see if they will need to be dry cleaned．You will save money if you buy clothes that can be washed
You can save money if you buy clothes that are well made．Well - made clothes last longer．
They look good even after they have been washed many times．Clothes that cost more money are not always better made．They do not always fit (合身) better．Sometime less expensive clothes look and fit better than more expensive clothes．
We learn from the reading that cheaper clothes__________．
A.are always worse made
B.must be dry cleaned
C.can not be washed
D.can sometimes fit you better
正确答案：D
本题解析：
此题为推理题，文章中虽然没有直接信息，但从文章第二段及第三段很容易推断出A、B、C三项都是错误的。

又从第三段最后一句话可以推断出答案选D。

29.我国国歌原名《义勇军进行曲》，作曲、作词分别是。

( )
A.聂耳、集体创作
B.贺绿汀、刘天华
C.张署、朱践耳
D.聂耳、田汉
正确答案：D
本题解析：
《义勇军进行曲》由田汉作词、聂耳谱曲。

它诞生于抗日战争年代，歌曲内容是号召人民奋起抵抗入侵者。

歌曲雄壮激烈，催人奋进。

30.（）是由文人画发展而成的职业画家。

A.沈周
B.文征明
C.唐寅
D.仇英
正确答案：C
本题解析：
A项：沈周，字启南，号石田，又号白石翁，长洲（今江苏吴县）人，出身于诗画及收?世家，擅诗书画，终身不仕。

沈周是吴门派的创始人，他与文征明是吴门派“文人画”最突出的代表。

沈周的绘画创作以山水为主，大多?绘江南风光或园林景物，尤其擅长诗书画一体的文人画风，水墨以及水墨淡着色引人注意，有粗细两种面目（以粗者为主）。

其画法师承吴镇而上溯董源、巨然，笔丰墨健，意态轩昂，尤能在温雅恬静的情调里表达恢宏的胸襟、丰富的想象与旺盛的生命力。

B项:文征明，初名壁，字征明，号衡山，长洲（江苏吴县）人，出身于官宦之家，画学沈周。

早年曾参加科举考试数次未中，五十多岁时被荐入京参与编修史书三年余，但一生主要致力于诗文书画，过着名士生活。

文征明的绘画创作以山水为主，无论淡雅的青绿，还是沉雄、文秀的水墨，大多描绘江南风光或文人园林，画法绍述元人之外，亦能追踪五代北宋，但很少受南宋院体的影响。

文征明的画也有粗细两种面貌，以细者为多，于繁密中见文秀。

情调是闲静典雅的，布景是层叠而上缺少纵深空间表现的，丘壑林木是棱角分明而略有变形的。

抒情意味胜于沈周，气度格局却不如他。

C项：唐寅，字子畏，另字伯虎，晚号六如居士，吴县人，出身开设酒家的小商人，但自小有“神童”之誉，是著名文人，号称“江南第一风流才子”，但因科场舞弊案而功名仕途无望，不得不委身画业，是由文人发展而成为的职业画家。

唐寅早年曾随文征明师学沈周文人山水，科场案后师从周臣，学南宋院体李唐、刘松年，形成了以院体为主要面貌但又不失“文人画”气格的“院体别派”面目。

唐寅修养广博，诗书画并皆佳妙，阅历较广，入世较深，故题材范围宽广，亦今亦古，不拘一格。

?些作品尤能通过诗书画的结合阐发不同寻常的立意，或表达对农民的同情，如《江南农事图》；或寄托蔑视封建伦常的志趣，如《李端端图》；或歌颂自食其力者的豪情，如《西洲话旧图》。

D项:仇英，字实父，号十洲，太仓人，漆工出身，是工匠出身而跻身于文人之林的画家。

他多作青绿山水、工笔重彩。

他专画传统题材，临古功底深，善于囊括唐宋以来的优秀传统，章法结体严谨，笔力刚健，结构准确，刻画人物亲切自然，又不失与民间一脉相承的欣赏习惯，具有与世俗相通的审美情感，他的画带有一种雅俗共赏的格调。

31.亲戚朋友来家里蹭住，究竟应不应当接待? 时间放到30年前，人们会一边倒地支持接待蹭住亲朋。

不可否认，这种交际模式在注重族亲文化的时代，有其必要性。

然而，现如今我们对个人隐私越来越重视，对个人空间越来越尊重，此时再去接待或审视蹭住行为，。