2019-2020学年上海外国语大学附属外国语学校高三英语一模试题及答案

2019-2020学年上海外国语大学附属外国语学校高三英语一模试题及
答案
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
In September, something terrible happened on the west coast ofTasmania,Australia. As many as 380 pilot whales became stranded(搁浅) in shallow water there and later died. This might have beenAustralia’s largest stranding event on record, the BBC reported.
But this large amount of whale stranding is not uncommon. For centuries, it has happened all over the world and has puzzled scientists. Scientists say the cause is often unknown. But they have offered many different explanations.
Some say the whales chase small fish for food and end up in shallow water because they are not paying attention to where they are going.
Others think the stranding has something to do with Earth’s geomagnetic field (地磁场). They say that a geomagnetic compass in whales’ brains controls their position. Unusual changes in Earth’s magnetic field can affect the whales’ compasses and send them in the wrong direction.
Another explanation suggests that stranding is caused by the close relationships that whales have. Pilot whales travel in large groups. One lead whale might mistakenly lead the whole group to shallow water. “And if one gets into trouble, the others will not leave,” said Sheryl Gibney, a leading biologist fromNew Zealand. “Some will come in and try to help, they get trapped on the beach, then more will come.”
The whales are trapped by mistake or out of sympathy(同情). Once they get stranded, they will likely die. According to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of theUS, less than 10 percent of all stranded whales survive.
1. What do we know about the stranding inAustralia?
A. It happened on theeast coast ofAustralia.
B. It caused the death of over 300 pilot whales.
C. It is commonly seen in September each year.
D. It was the largest stranding event in the world.
2. According to Gibney, the pilot whales are the animals that________.
A. are kind to each other
B. are easy to lose direction
C. are too huge to float in the sea
D.are silly to follow the leading whale
3. What is the story mainly about?
A. How human activity has affected whales.
B. What might cause whale strandings.
C. How whales find their direction while traveling.
D. What scientists are doing to save stranded whales.
B
Jack was born without eyes. He was very lucky as he grew up having other kittens (young cats) to socialize (交往)with, and was used to people from the moment he was born. However, when it came time to find the kittens homes, no one knew where Jack would end up.
That’s when I got an e-mail from my friend. All she asked was “Do you still want one of the kittens? There’s one here with no eyes and no one would like to take him”. Without thinking I told her that I did want the kitten.
When we first brought him home, Jack stayed mostly in my room. After about a day he had noissues running around and climbing on everything. At times he gets lost in the house, he’ll stop. But we just call his name and talk to him and it isn’t long before he finds his way back to us.
A few weeks after getting Jack, we got a new cat named Bear. Jack and Bear have become best friends. It doesn’t matter that he can’t see. He always knows when Bear is around. He’ll run across the yard straight to Bear and wrap his front legs around his neck in a big hug. They run after each other around and wrestle (摔跤). They’ll lie down in the grass together when tired.
Jack is truly an inspiration. I’ve owned lots of kittens in my life, but Jack is the happiest and most playful. He doesn’t feel sorry for himself. He doesn’t need pity. I think Jean, owner of Gumbo, another eyeless cat, said it best when she told me that cats don’t have disabilities; they have adaptability.
4. Why did Jack come to the author’s home?
A. The author cared for an eyeless cat.
B. The author didn’t mind whether he was blind.
C. No other young cats kept him company.
D. The author’s friend begged the author to take him home.
5. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. Jack often wrestles with Bear indoors.
B. Jack likes to play with a new eyeless cat.
C. Jack quickly adapts to the new environment.
D. Jack is good at talking and playing with people.
6. What does the underlined word “issue” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. Trouble.
B. Fun.
C. Luck.
D. Business.
7. What does the passage mainly tell us?
A. A cat has nine lives.
B. All is well that ends well.
C. God helps those who help themselves.
D. A good beginning makes a good ending.
C
Water keeps us alive. When it runs out, we have a problem.
About one out of four people on the planet are facing a shortage of water. Seventeen countries around the world are dealing with high-water stress. This means they are using almost all the water they have access to. Many are dry countries. Some waste much of their water. Some may currently use too much of their groundwater that they should be saving. Several big cities face acute shortages. These include Sao Paulo, Brazil; Chennai, India; and Cape Town, South Africa. A year ago, Cape Town faced nay Zero-the day when all its dams would he dry.
Climate change adds to the risk of water shortages. Rainfall is less steady. The water supply becomes less reliable. The days grow hotter. More water evaporates(蒸发)from lakes and rivers even as demand for water increases. By 2030, the number of cities in the high-stress category may have risen to 45 and include almost 470 million people.
All over the world, farmers compete with city residents for water. Rich urban places, such as Los Angeles, use too much water for pools and golf courses. But the worst problem is the growth of cities. Bangalore, India, for example, had a few years with little rain. It built over its many lakes or filled them with city waste. The lakes are no longer the rain water storage tanks they once were. Bangalore now imports water. A lot of the imported water, however, gets lost on the way to Bangalore.
To address this issue, what can be done? First, cities can plug leaks in their water distribution system. Wastewater can be recycled. Rain can be harvested and saved for hard times. Lakes and wetlands can be cleaned up and old wells can be restored. And farmers can switch from water-intensive crops like rice to less-thirsty crops like millet(小米).
Experts are looking at ways to reduce the number of people on the planet. They are looking at ways to reduce the size of cities. They are looking for ways to encourage people, factories and farmers to use less water.
8. What can we know from Paragraph 2?
A. A quarter of the world's population is living with water shortages.
B. Nearly all countries are facing acute water shortages now.
C. Underground water should he used to meet the water demand.
D. Measures have been taken to deal with the water shortage in India.
9. What is the main idea of the third paragraph?
A. Rainfall is not as steady as before.
B. Climate change may lead to water shortages.
C. The water supply relies more on rainfall.
D. Hotter weather changes the water demand.
10. What can farmers do to deal with water shortage?
A. Plug leaks in the water distribution system.
B. Clean up lakes and wetlands and restore wells.
C. Reduce the number of people in the cities.
D. Grow less-water consumption crops instead.
11. What will be discussed if the passage continues?
A. How to prevent from climate change.
B. How to inspire people to save water.
C. How to recycle wastewater in cities
D. How to make people get access to clean water.
D
Music is said to be a universal language. But for Chase Burton, a deaf filmmaker fromTexas, music has always been a totally different experience.
“When I was a kid, I’d lie on the floor so I could feel the vibrations (震动，颤动) from my brother’s band rocking out below my body, ” the 33-year-old man said. “That was one of the first times I began building a relationship with music.”
In 2016, his ability to experience music changed dramatically, thanks to California-based technology company Not Impossible Labs. It designed a vibrating suit that enables deaf people to “feel” music through their skin. Consisting of a body harness (背带), ankle and wrist belts, the suit translates audio into a range of vibrating pulses that are felt at 24 contact points.Burtonhas been trialing the suit for four years.
“The sound hits different parts of your body, ” saidBurton. “Maybe it will strikeme down in my ankles first. And then I’ll start to feel the vibrations in my back. And then I’ll feel some pulsations in my wrist.”
The creators want to extends the tactile (触觉) musical experience beyond the deaf community. In 2018, they gave out 150 of the suits at a rock concert inLas Vegaswhere half the audience members were deaf and half were
able to hear.
Since then, Not Impossible Labs has been working to improve the technology and says it’s ready to go to market soon. Eventually, the creators want the suit to become a consumer product, accessible to all. The company’s talent and business development director, Jordan Richardson, said that the technology could be used in live sports broadcasts, video games and theme parks.
As a writer and director who’s been working to make the movie world more accessible,Burtonhopes that the vibrating suit will be available to his film audiences in the future. He believes the suit canenhanceemotions while watching a movie – for hearing as well as deaf people. “I see the tech as a real opportunity to help people understand that music for movies doesn’t always need to be enjoyed through the ears”.
12. Why would Chase Burton lie on the floor when he was a kid?
A. To feel some pulsations in his wrist.
B. To feel the vibrations from his brother’s band.
C. To expand the tactile musical experience.
D. To begin building a bond with films.
13. What do we know about Not Impossible Labs from the passage?
A. It was started by Chase Burton in 2016.
B. Its products have been used in live sports broadcasts.
C. It is a technology company based inCalifornia.
D. Its administrative director is Jordan Richardson.
14. Which can replace the underlined word “enhance” in the last paragraph?
A. create
B. express
C. cover
D. strengthen
15. What is the best title for the passage?
A. Vibrating Suit Allows Deaf People to “Feel” Music
B. Tech Company Provides Free Suits for Deaf People
C. Deaf People Enjoy Rock Music with Free Suit
D. Movies Need to Be Enjoyed Through the Ears
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项
People Who Can’t Count
A recent study has discovered that dyscalculia, the mathematical inability in reading, affects about 5% of
children in Britain. There is no simple way of finding out the reason and kids with this learning disability are usually labelled unintelligent.
So what exactly is this learning disability in mathematics? Unlike most people, dyscalculics cannot recognise three or four objects.____16____For example, they need to count the books on the table before they can say how many there are. In other words, they have to count them one by one. This is where they are different from others. The majority of us, if shown three or four similar things, can immediately recognise them.
___17___They cannot understand, for instance, why two and three makes five. Another problem is not being able to tell which group contains more objects than the other. Experiments have proved that dyscalculics have not developed the part of the brain responsible for processing numbers.
There are also problems with the abstract concept of time for dyscalculics.____18____If your best friend is always late, he might be suffering from dyscalculia. Dyscalculics cannot keep track of time, and they never know how much time they have spent getting ready and how long it will take them to get to work. In addition, research has shown that dyscalculics behave oddly in social situations.____19____This poor ability can explain why they never know how much change they are due or what kind of budget they need for their holiday.
On the other hand, dyscalculics are very good at creative arts. People suffering from dyscalculia can become painters or poets. Dyscalculia does not seem to delay language acquisition. Dyscalculic children acquire language at the same time as, if not earlier than, most children and have no problem learning to read or write.___20___
A. Dyscalculics have difficulties in using numbers at all.
B. This disability scares children away from learning mathematics.
C. They have to go through the routine of counting even a small number of objects.
D. It is quite reasonable for dyscalculics to solve this kind of specific problem at any time.
E. They never know how much they should tip the waiter or they’ve got left after a shopping trip.
F. We can see that dyscalculia is only a learning disability, not a general indication of intelligence.
G. This can account for their difficulty in reading schedules and remembering the order in which things have happened.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Last year I decided to do some volunteer work. I began to____21____on the Internet and discovered Volunteer USA. Three months later I____22____myself on a plane to Phoenix, Arizona. I was____23____at the thought of living with loads of new people for three months. However, within fifteen minutes of____24____, my
worries had gone. Everyone was so____25____and like-minded that it was very____26____to feel at home.
I was sent to the Coronado National Forest for my first 8-day____27____. We had to____28____everything we needed and walk three miles to where we worked. It may not seem like a____29____way but in 35℃heat and with a heavy pack, my legs were on fire.
My job was to____30____a stairway out of rock. This____31____climbing up and down the side of a mountain inhabited (栖息) by mountain lions, although I should say they were only heard,never____32____.
Three days later, a beautiful stairway came into being. The____33____of knowing that my____34____will be on that mountainside for years to come is massive.
But on the last night we were____35____in a thunderstorm. I woke up at midnight to find a swimming pool in my tent. The temperature was close to____36____. I had to spend the rest of the night trembling in the only____37____part of my tent.
____38____, I suffered a lot. But I know whatever I have to face in my life I was there and I____39____. I think I am much____40____for having taken part in the project.
21. A. calculate B. negotiate C. advertise D. research
22. A. imagined B. introduced C. enjoyed D. found
23. A. annoyed B. surprised C. scared D. excited
24. A. arriving B. sleeping C. thinking D. walking
25. A. confident B. friendly C. energetic D. curious
26. A. funny B. good C. lucky D. easy
27. A. tour B. project C. campaign D. course
28. A. drop B. make C. carry D. buy
29. A. nice B. safe C. long D. quick
30. A. build B. test C. clean D. guard
31. A. helped B. ended C. allowed D. meant
32. A. hunted B. trained C. seen D. fed
33. A. satisfaction B. ambition C. expectation D. intention
34. A. work B. memory C. record D. story
35. A. left B. caught C. attacked D. separated
36. A. boiling B. average C. normal D. freezing
37. A. tidy B. dry C. new D. soft
38. A. By the way B. Regardless of that C. Needless to say D. In either ease
39. A. survived B. resisted C. escaped D. recovered
40. A. smarter B. stronger C. happier D. busier
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Glasgow University has renamed its engineering school___41.___a Scots inventor credited with helping to kick-start the industrial revolution.
The move is part of a year-long___42.___(celebrate) of James Watt's life and work,____43.____(mark)the 200th anniversary of his death. Watt was renowned for his contribution to steam engine technology. The first working steam engine was patented in 1698 and the by the time of Watt’s birth, Newcomen engines were pumping water from____44.____(mine)all over the country. Watt worked___45.___an instrument-maker at the university when he made improvements to a Newcomen steam engine in 1765. Greenock-born Watt added____46.____separate condenser(冷凝器) to the engine, making it____47.____(vast) efficient.
"The importance of Watt's contribution to the field of engineering can't really___48.___(overstate), and we're very proud to be associated with the improvements he made to the Newcomen steam engine," said the head of the James Watt School of Engineering, Professor David Cumming."The world ____49.____(come)a long way over the last 200 years, and much of that distance was covered using technology derived from the principles he established."
It seemed____50.____(suit) to mark the start of the third century of a post-Watt world with the renaming of the school."
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：
每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Dear Lucy,
I am glad to receive your e-mail ask me about my future career plan. Here I want to share them with you.
As the matter of fact, I want to be a translator. To begin with, I am fond of the languages, of that my English is always second to none. I appreciate the beauty hiding in literature. In addition, literature is like a bridge which helps people understand the world better. I did hope the classical Chinese literature works can be conveyed every corner of the world with my efforts.
So what do you find my plan? Please reply to me in your convenience.
Yours,
Karo 第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假设你是平谷区红星中学高二学生李华。

你的美国朋友Jim曾到过平谷，他听说2021世界休闲大会（2021 Word Leisure Congress）已经在平谷闭幕，他想了解平谷近几年的变化。

请给他回复邮件，内容包括：1变化（交通transportation,环境environment,……）；
2.原因；
3.欢迎他再来平谷。

注意：1.词数100左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Jim,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案
1. B
2. A
3. B
4. B
5. C
6. A
7. C
8. A 9. B 10. D 11. B
12. B 13. C 14. D 15. A
16. C 17. A 18. G 19. E 20. F
21. D 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. C 30. A 31. D 32.
C 33. A 34. A 35. B 36.
D 37. B 38. C 39. A 40. B
41. after
42. celebration
43. marking
44. mines 45. as
46. a 47. vastly
48. be overstated
49. has come
50. suitable/suited
51.(1). ask→asking
(2). them →it
(3). the→a
(4).去掉the
(5). that →which
(6). hiding→hidden
(7). did→do
(8). conveyed 后加上to
(9). what→how
(10). in→at
52.略。