湿法磷酸脱镁工艺流程

湿法磷酸脱镁工艺流程
英文回答：
The wet process for phosphoric acid extraction from phosphate rock is a commonly used industrial process. It involves the removal of magnesium from the phosphate rock to obtain phosphoric acid. The process consists of several steps, including digestion, filtration, and precipitation.
The first step in the process is the digestion of the phosphate rock. The rock is mixed with sulfuric acid to form a slurry, which is then heated in a reactor. The reaction between the phosphate rock and sulfuric acid produces phosphoric acid and calcium sulfate. This reaction is exothermic and releases a significant amount of heat.
After digestion, the slurry is filtered to separate the solid calcium sulfate from the liquid phosphoric acid. Filtration is typically done using a rotary vacuum filter or a filter press. The solid calcium sulfate, also known as
phosphogypsum, is a byproduct of the process and is often used as a soil amendment.
The next step is the precipitation of impurities from the phosphoric acid solution. This is done by adding a metal salt, such as aluminum sulfate or iron sulfate, to the solution. The metal salt reacts with the impurities, forming insoluble precipitates that can be easily separated from the phosphoric acid solution.
Once the impurities have been removed, the phosphoric acid solution is concentrated by evaporation. This is typically done in multiple stages using evaporators or concentrators. The concentrated phosphoric acid solution is then cooled and further purified to remove any remaining impurities.
Finally, the purified phosphoric acid is stored or transported for further use in various industries, such as the production of fertilizers, detergents, and food additives. The byproducts of the wet process, such as phosphogypsum and gypsum, can also be utilized in different
applications.
Overall, the wet process for phosphoric acid extraction from phosphate rock is a complex and energy-intensive process. However, it is widely used due to its efficiency and ability to produce high-quality phosphoric acid.
中文回答：
湿法磷酸脱镁工艺是一种常用的从磷矿石中提取磷酸的工业过程。

它涉及从磷矿石中去除镁以获得磷酸。

该工艺包括消化、过滤和沉淀等几个步骤。

该工艺的第一步是磷矿石的消化。

将磷矿石与硫酸混合形成浆状物，然后在反应器中加热。

磷矿石与硫酸之间的反应产生磷酸和硫酸钙。

这个反应是放热的，释放出大量热量。

消化后，浆状物通过过滤将固体的硫酸钙与液体的磷酸分离。

过滤通常使用旋转真空过滤器或压滤机进行。

固体的硫酸钙，也称为磷石膏，是该工艺的副产物，通常用作土壤改良剂。

下一步是从磷酸溶液中沉淀杂质。

这是通过向溶液中加入金属
盐，如硫酸铝或硫酸铁，来完成的。

金属盐与杂质发生反应，形成
不溶性沉淀物，可以很容易地与磷酸溶液分离。

一旦杂质被去除，磷酸溶液通过蒸发进行浓缩。

通常使用蒸发
器或浓缩器进行多级蒸发。

浓缩的磷酸溶液然后冷却并进一步纯化，以去除任何剩余的杂质。

最后，纯化的磷酸储存或运输以供进一步在各个行业中使用，
如肥料、洗涤剂和食品添加剂的生产。

湿法工艺的副产品，如磷石
膏和石膏，也可以在不同的应用中利用。

总体而言，湿法磷酸脱镁工艺是一个复杂且能耗较高的过程。

然而，由于其高效性和生产高质量磷酸的能力，它被广泛使用。