20-21版：Grammar—The Present Perfect Passive Voice(步
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PART 2
达标检测
当堂检测 基础达标演练
Ⅰ.用现在完成时的被动语态改写句子
1.Jack’s boss has always praised him for his devotion to work. →Jack _h_a_s_a_l_w_a_y_s__b_e_e_n_p_r_a_i_s_ed__by his boss for his devotion to work.
4.I have asked her to help you.
→_S_h_e_h_a_s__b_e_e_n_a_s_k_e_d_ to help you.
5.We have planted many trees on the hill in the last 5 years. →_M__a_n_y_t_r_e_e_s_h_a_v_e_b_e_e_n__p_la_n__te_d_ on the hill in the last 5 years.
(6)带有复合宾语的动词变为被动语态时，只能将宾语变为主语，原来的宾补 改为主语补足语。原来用省略to的不定式作宾补的，被动语态中要用带to的不 定式。 I have told them to help you. →They have been told to help you.
◆高考链接
单句语法填空 1.Fire extinguishers(灭火器)are located on each floor and in each apartment. Use a fire extinguisher only if you _h_a_v_e_b_e_e_n__tr_a_i_n_e_d_(train) to do so.(2018·天津) 2.Sarah _h_a_s_b_e_e_n__to_l_d_/_w_a_s_t_o_l_d_(tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel，earning a million dollars in the next year.(2017·全国Ⅲ) 3.Since 1958，they _h_a_v_e_b_e_e_n__r_e_co_g_n__is_e_d_(recognise) as the national theatre of Israel.(2017·全国Ⅱ)
(2)表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去，持续到现在，并可能持续下去， 常与for或since引导的时间状语连用，或用于“How long...？”句型中。 The important problem has been discussed for nearly two weeks. 那个重要的问题已经被讨论近两个星期了。 How long has the machine been used? 这台机器使用多久了？ More than ten bridges have been built over the river in this city since it set up a new economic zone. 自从这个城市建立了一个新经济开发区以来，这条河上已经建了十多座桥了。
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4.In recent years，stress _h_a_s__b_e_en__r_e_g_a_r_d_e_d_(regard) as a cause of a whole range of medical problems.(2016·上海) 5.Despite the previous rounds of talks，no agreement _h_a_s_b_e_e_n__r_e_a_ch__ed__(reach) so far by the two sides.(2015·天津)
1.以上几句中所使用的时态和语态是_现__在__完__成__时__的__被__动__语__态__。 2.现在完成时的被动语态的构成为：_h_a_v_e_/_h_a_s _b_e_e_n_＋__过__去__分__词__。
查看答案
◆语法精析
现在完成时的被动语态表示到现在为止某事已经被完成或被做。这种语法 项目既要表示现在已经完成又要表示被动的含义，因此很多同学在具体运用当 中容易顾此失彼，难以把握。
查看答案
Li Ming：How about the schools there? Lin Tao：Several new schools 11._h_a_v_e__b_e_e_n_s_e_t_ (set) up and also some schools
which 12._w__e_re__d_a_m__a_g_ed__ (damage) in the earthquake 13._h_a_v_e__b_e_e_n_ _re_b_u_i_l_t (rebuild).So all the students can go back to school to study now. Li Ming：That’s wonderful.I’m sure their life will be better and better.When will your parents come back? Lin Tao：They will be back next month.
(4)只带有一个宾语的动词变为被动语态时，将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态 的主语。 We have built many houses in the past ten years. →Many houses have been built in the past ten years. (5)带有双宾语的动词，如give，send，bring，take，teach，show，tell，make， sing，write，read，sell，buy，pay，lend，pass等，变为被动语态时，可将其 中一个宾语变为主语，另一个保留不动。 We have given him the book. →He has been given the book. →The book has been given to him.
years.Can you tell me something there after the earthquake? Lin Tao：Of course.Since the earthquake 7._h_a_p_p_e_n_e_d_ (happen)，many soldiers
8._h_a_v_e_b_e_e_n__s_en__t (send) there，and many kinds of supplies(物资供应) 9._h_a_v_e_b_e_e_n__c_a_r_r_ie_d_ (carry) there from all over the country.Now， most people there 10._l_iv_e_/_a_r_e_l_iv_i_n_g_ (live) a happy life again.
2.They have found a good place to build a temple in the village.
→A good place _h_a_s_b__ee_n__f_o_u_n_d_to build a temple in the village.
3.We haven’t yet decided how to solve that difficult technological problem. →How to solve that difficult technological problem _h_a_s_n_’__t_b_e_e_n__d_e_c_id_e_d__yet.
4.现在完成时的被动语态应注意的几个问题 (1)现在完成时的被动语态与一般过去时的被动语态的区别。 一般过去时的被动语态所表示的动作或状态与现在的情况没有联系，而现在完 成时的被动语态则强调与现在的情况有联系。 The bridge was built last year.这座桥是去年建成的。 The bridge has been built.这座桥已经建好了。 (2) 含 有 非 延 续 性 动 词 ， 如 ： borrow ， finish ， begin ， buy ， start ， return ， marry，open，join等的现在完成时的被动语态的肯定式不能与表示一段时间 的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思，则须改换动词或时态。 这本书买了多长时间了？
运用现在完成时的被动语态时应掌握以下几个问题： 1.构成 现在完成时的被动语态的构成为：have/has been＋过去分词。
2.各种句式
肯定式
主语＋have/has been done...
பைடு நூலகம்
否定式
主语＋have/has not been done...
一般疑问式
Have/Has＋主语＋been done...？
Unit 3 Computers
Grammar—The Present Perfect Passive Voice
PART 1 语法导学 PART 2 达标检测
PART 1
语法导学
感悟规律 重点难点剖析
◆语法感知
感知以下课文原句，完成方框下的小题
1.Over time I have been changed quite a lot. 2.First as a PC (personal computer) and then as a laptop，I have been used in offices and homes since the 1970s. 3.Over time my memory has developed so much that，like an elephant，I never forget anything I have been told! 4.Since the 1970s many new applications have been found for me. 5.I have also been put into robots and used to make mobile phones as well as help with medical operations.
查看答案
Ⅱ.语法填空(用所给词的正确时态、语态填空) Li Ming：Hi，Lin Tao.How nice to see you on the first day of the new term! Lin Tao：Yes.Nice to see you again. Li Ming：I know that your parents 6._h_a_v_e_b__ee_n__w_o_r_k_i_n_g_ (work) in Yushu for
[误] How long has this book been bought? [正] How long ago was this book bought? 但这类动词的现在完成时的被动语态的否定式，则可与since或for构成的时间 状语连用。 No books have been bought since last week. 自上周以来，没有人来买书。 (3)短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，在被动语态中要保持完整性，其中的介词 或副词不可省略。 It is said that the problem has been looked into. 据说已经调查了这个问题。
特殊疑问式 特殊疑问词＋have/has＋主语＋been done...？
3.使用的场合 (1)表示一个被动的动作发生在说话之前，强调对现在造成的影响或结果。常 与already，yet，never，recently等副词及时间状语so far，by now，up till/to now，since...，before...等连用。 Thousands of man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries. 许多国家已经发射了数千颗人造卫星到太空中。 The doctor hasn’t been sent for yet. 还没有派人去请医生。
PART 2
达标检测
当堂检测 基础达标演练
Ⅰ.用现在完成时的被动语态改写句子
1.Jack’s boss has always praised him for his devotion to work. →Jack _h_a_s_a_l_w_a_y_s__b_e_e_n_p_r_a_i_s_ed__by his boss for his devotion to work.
4.I have asked her to help you.
→_S_h_e_h_a_s__b_e_e_n_a_s_k_e_d_ to help you.
5.We have planted many trees on the hill in the last 5 years. →_M__a_n_y_t_r_e_e_s_h_a_v_e_b_e_e_n__p_la_n__te_d_ on the hill in the last 5 years.
(6)带有复合宾语的动词变为被动语态时，只能将宾语变为主语，原来的宾补 改为主语补足语。原来用省略to的不定式作宾补的，被动语态中要用带to的不 定式。 I have told them to help you. →They have been told to help you.
◆高考链接
单句语法填空 1.Fire extinguishers(灭火器)are located on each floor and in each apartment. Use a fire extinguisher only if you _h_a_v_e_b_e_e_n__tr_a_i_n_e_d_(train) to do so.(2018·天津) 2.Sarah _h_a_s_b_e_e_n__to_l_d_/_w_a_s_t_o_l_d_(tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel，earning a million dollars in the next year.(2017·全国Ⅲ) 3.Since 1958，they _h_a_v_e_b_e_e_n__r_e_co_g_n__is_e_d_(recognise) as the national theatre of Israel.(2017·全国Ⅱ)
(2)表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去，持续到现在，并可能持续下去， 常与for或since引导的时间状语连用，或用于“How long...？”句型中。 The important problem has been discussed for nearly two weeks. 那个重要的问题已经被讨论近两个星期了。 How long has the machine been used? 这台机器使用多久了？ More than ten bridges have been built over the river in this city since it set up a new economic zone. 自从这个城市建立了一个新经济开发区以来，这条河上已经建了十多座桥了。
查看答案
4.In recent years，stress _h_a_s__b_e_en__r_e_g_a_r_d_e_d_(regard) as a cause of a whole range of medical problems.(2016·上海) 5.Despite the previous rounds of talks，no agreement _h_a_s_b_e_e_n__r_e_a_ch__ed__(reach) so far by the two sides.(2015·天津)
1.以上几句中所使用的时态和语态是_现__在__完__成__时__的__被__动__语__态__。 2.现在完成时的被动语态的构成为：_h_a_v_e_/_h_a_s _b_e_e_n_＋__过__去__分__词__。
查看答案
◆语法精析
现在完成时的被动语态表示到现在为止某事已经被完成或被做。这种语法 项目既要表示现在已经完成又要表示被动的含义，因此很多同学在具体运用当 中容易顾此失彼，难以把握。
查看答案
Li Ming：How about the schools there? Lin Tao：Several new schools 11._h_a_v_e__b_e_e_n_s_e_t_ (set) up and also some schools
which 12._w__e_re__d_a_m__a_g_ed__ (damage) in the earthquake 13._h_a_v_e__b_e_e_n_ _re_b_u_i_l_t (rebuild).So all the students can go back to school to study now. Li Ming：That’s wonderful.I’m sure their life will be better and better.When will your parents come back? Lin Tao：They will be back next month.
(4)只带有一个宾语的动词变为被动语态时，将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态 的主语。 We have built many houses in the past ten years. →Many houses have been built in the past ten years. (5)带有双宾语的动词，如give，send，bring，take，teach，show，tell，make， sing，write，read，sell，buy，pay，lend，pass等，变为被动语态时，可将其 中一个宾语变为主语，另一个保留不动。 We have given him the book. →He has been given the book. →The book has been given to him.
years.Can you tell me something there after the earthquake? Lin Tao：Of course.Since the earthquake 7._h_a_p_p_e_n_e_d_ (happen)，many soldiers
8._h_a_v_e_b_e_e_n__s_en__t (send) there，and many kinds of supplies(物资供应) 9._h_a_v_e_b_e_e_n__c_a_r_r_ie_d_ (carry) there from all over the country.Now， most people there 10._l_iv_e_/_a_r_e_l_iv_i_n_g_ (live) a happy life again.
2.They have found a good place to build a temple in the village.
→A good place _h_a_s_b__ee_n__f_o_u_n_d_to build a temple in the village.
3.We haven’t yet decided how to solve that difficult technological problem. →How to solve that difficult technological problem _h_a_s_n_’__t_b_e_e_n__d_e_c_id_e_d__yet.
4.现在完成时的被动语态应注意的几个问题 (1)现在完成时的被动语态与一般过去时的被动语态的区别。 一般过去时的被动语态所表示的动作或状态与现在的情况没有联系，而现在完 成时的被动语态则强调与现在的情况有联系。 The bridge was built last year.这座桥是去年建成的。 The bridge has been built.这座桥已经建好了。 (2) 含 有 非 延 续 性 动 词 ， 如 ： borrow ， finish ， begin ， buy ， start ， return ， marry，open，join等的现在完成时的被动语态的肯定式不能与表示一段时间 的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思，则须改换动词或时态。 这本书买了多长时间了？
运用现在完成时的被动语态时应掌握以下几个问题： 1.构成 现在完成时的被动语态的构成为：have/has been＋过去分词。
2.各种句式
肯定式
主语＋have/has been done...
பைடு நூலகம்
否定式
主语＋have/has not been done...
一般疑问式
Have/Has＋主语＋been done...？
Unit 3 Computers
Grammar—The Present Perfect Passive Voice
PART 1 语法导学 PART 2 达标检测
PART 1
语法导学
感悟规律 重点难点剖析
◆语法感知
感知以下课文原句，完成方框下的小题
1.Over time I have been changed quite a lot. 2.First as a PC (personal computer) and then as a laptop，I have been used in offices and homes since the 1970s. 3.Over time my memory has developed so much that，like an elephant，I never forget anything I have been told! 4.Since the 1970s many new applications have been found for me. 5.I have also been put into robots and used to make mobile phones as well as help with medical operations.
查看答案
Ⅱ.语法填空(用所给词的正确时态、语态填空) Li Ming：Hi，Lin Tao.How nice to see you on the first day of the new term! Lin Tao：Yes.Nice to see you again. Li Ming：I know that your parents 6._h_a_v_e_b__ee_n__w_o_r_k_i_n_g_ (work) in Yushu for
[误] How long has this book been bought? [正] How long ago was this book bought? 但这类动词的现在完成时的被动语态的否定式，则可与since或for构成的时间 状语连用。 No books have been bought since last week. 自上周以来，没有人来买书。 (3)短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，在被动语态中要保持完整性，其中的介词 或副词不可省略。 It is said that the problem has been looked into. 据说已经调查了这个问题。
特殊疑问式 特殊疑问词＋have/has＋主语＋been done...？
3.使用的场合 (1)表示一个被动的动作发生在说话之前，强调对现在造成的影响或结果。常 与already，yet，never，recently等副词及时间状语so far，by now，up till/to now，since...，before...等连用。 Thousands of man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries. 许多国家已经发射了数千颗人造卫星到太空中。 The doctor hasn’t been sent for yet. 还没有派人去请医生。