[配套K12]2019版高三英语一轮复习 Unit 3 Science and nature教师用书 牛津译林版必修5

Unit 3 Science and nature
(对应学生用书第95页)
Ⅰ.写作单词——会拼写
1．adopt vt.收养，领养；采用，采纳2．harvest n.收获；收成
vt.& vi.收割(庄稼)
3．majority n.多数，大多数
4．confirm vt.& vi.证实，证明；确认；使确信5．profit n.利润，收益
vi.& vt.对……有用；获益6．physician n.医师；内科医生
7．original adj.原来的，起初的；首创的8．summary n.总结；概括，概要9．ordinary adj.普通的，一般的
10．income n.收入，收益
Ⅱ.拓展单词——能辨别
1．exact adj.精确的，准确的
→exactly adv. 精确地；准确地
2．intend vt.打算，想要
→intention n.意图，目的；企图
3．anxious adj.担忧的，焦急的
→anxiety n.忧虑，焦虑，不安
4．legal adj.法律许可的，合法的
→illegal adj.非法的
5．consequence n.结果，后果
→consequent adj.随之发生的
→consequently adv. 因此，所以
6．profession n.职业，行业
→professional adj.专业的，职业的7．conduct vt.实施；指挥乐队
→conductor n.售票员；(乐队)指挥8．consider v. 考虑，认为
→considering prep. 鉴于，考虑到
→considerate adj.体贴的
→consideration n.仔细考虑；体谅，顾及9．accurate adj.准确的，精确的
→accurately adv. 准确地，精确地10．actual adj.真实的，实际的
→actually adv. 事实上，实际上11．frighten vt.使惊吓，使惊恐
→frightening adj.令人害怕的
→frightened adj.(人)感到害怕的12．transform vt.使改变外观/性质/形态
→transformation n.改变，转变
13．relate vt.联系
→relation n.关系；亲戚
→relative n.亲戚；亲属
adj.有关联的；相对的14．favour n.赞同；帮助；偏爱，偏袒→favourite adj.最喜欢的
→favourable adj.有利的
15．permit vt.许可，准可
n.许可证
→permission n.准许，许可，批准16．judge vt.& vi.判断
→judgement n.判断力；评价；(法律)判决17．rely vi.依靠，依赖
→reliable adj.可信赖的，可依靠的
Ⅲ.阅读单词——要识记
1．agriculture n．农业
2．hunger n.饥饿；饥荒
3．nutrition n.营养
4．concept n.概念；观念
5．crime n.罪，罪行
6．breakthrough n.突破
7．nutrition n.营养
8．catastrophe n.灾难，灾祸
●语境应用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
1．With the of becoming famous and rich，many ordinary people to take part in some TV shows，such as Sing！China，which is to find good singers.(intend)
2．Your is right. from his look，he must be angry with us.But we can't a person only by his/her appearance.(judge)
3．The old man his daughter­in­law because she always takes everything into when she deals with family affairs.(consider)
4．My cousin is a person and you can on it that he can help you.(rely)
5． my father is not a worker；his identity is a policeman searching for drugs in Yunnan frontier.(actual)
6．Mary was too to tell her family the scene because it her to death.(frighten)
【导学号：31670075】7．Her father would not her to drive alone even though she had got her driving ．Without her father's ，she had to go out by bus or on
a bike.(permit)
【答案】 1.intention；intend；intended 2.judgement；Judging；judge 3.considers；considerate；consideration 4.reliable；rely 5.Actually；actual 6.frightened；frightening；frightened 7.permit；permit；permission
高频短语——会默写
1．on the one hand...on the other hand...
一方面……另一方面……
2．push ahead with 义无反顾地进行，努力推进
3．in summary 概括地说
4．open up 打开；开发
5．point of view 观点
6．be/get burnt out 耗尽体力，累垮
7．follow in one's footsteps 效仿某人
8．in favour of 赞同，支持
9．take...into consideration 认真考虑
10．point out 指出
11．rather than 而不是
12．toy with 戏弄，摆弄
●语境应用(用上述短语的适当形式填空)
1．，parents should be concerned about children's study； children's safety should not be ignored.
2．Amanda's success may inspire other Indonesian children to ．
3．I think all the people at the meeting will be your opinion. 4．People seem to fail to the fact that education does not end with graduation.
5．No matter who our shortcomings，we will correct them.
6．The Ministry of Education in China is its curriculum reform (课程改革)，which will have good consequences.
【导学号：31670076】【答案】 1.On the one hand；on the other hand 2．follow in her footsteps 3.in favour of 4.take into consideration 5.points out 6.pushing ahead with
[联想拓展]
1．形近词归纳
①adopt采纳；收养—adapt适应；改编
②pest害虫—nest窝，巢
③hunger饥荒—hunter猎人
④follow跟随—fellow家伙，同事
⑤concert音乐会—concept概念
⑥goal目标；球门—goat山羊
⑦call电话—cell细胞；电池
⑧intention意图，目的—invention发明2．“词中词”法帮你记
①firm →confirm证实，证明
②form →transform使改观
③sum →summary总结，概要
④rate →accurate精确的
⑤culture →agriculture农业
⑥source →resource资源
⑦come →income收入
⑧fit →profit利润
3．“犯罪”相关常见词
①crime n．罪，罪行
②accuse vt.控告；指控
③charge vi.控告
④commit vt.犯(罪)
⑤punish vt.惩罚；处罚
⑥sentence vt.判决；宣判
4．“情绪”名词集合
①anxiety焦虑，忧虑
②depression沮丧；抑郁症
③sorrow悲伤；悲痛
④sadness悲伤，难过
⑤grief悲伤；伤心事
5．“考虑”短语知多少
①take...into consideration认真考虑
②take...into account考虑
③take account of考虑
④think over仔细考虑
(对应学生用书第97页) 精讲5个考纲单词
consequence n. 结果，后果
[教材原句] If we toy with nature ，we will have to deal with the consequences.如果我们玩弄自然，我们将不得不承担各种后果。

①We must take the consequences of our own deed.
我们必须为自己的行为承担后果。

②Many people didn't drive to work as a consequence of the heavy fog.因为大雾许多人没有驾车上班。

③She was a bright and eager student and，consequently (consequence)，did well in school.
她是个聪明好学的学生，因此学习成绩很好。

It rained yesterday.As a result the match was canceled.
①It rained yesterday and in consequence the match was canceled.
②It rained yesterday and as a consequence the match was canceled.
transform vt. & vi.使改变外观或性质(尤指向好的方向)；使改变形态；转化；转换；改造
[教材原句]On a personal note，cloning would totally transform my life.
就我个人而言，克隆将彻底改变我的生活。

She helps transform literature into braille to bring the power of story and knowledge to the hearts and minds of blind readers.她帮助把文学转换为盲文，想以故事和知识力量丰富盲人读者的心灵。

②In the last 20 years，that country has been transformed (transform) into an advanced industrial power.在过去的20年里，那个国家已变成一个先进的工业强国。

majority n．多数，大多数
[经典例句]We must also make it safe to express opinions and challenge majority views.
我们必须安全地来表达看法和挑战多数人的观念。

②Our country is a traditional agricultural society，with a majority of farming population.我们的国家是一个传统的农业社会，农村人口占绝大多数。

③For example，if you look at the audience at a classical concert，the majority is (be) over the age of fifty.
例如，你看一看听古典音乐会的观众，大部分是五十岁以上的。

favour n．赞同，支持；恩惠，帮助；偏爱，偏袒
[教材原句]Would anyone say that development should be stopped in favour of nature? 难道我们为了保护自然就应该停止经济发展吗？
请您帮个忙好吗？
②However，others are in favour of the inclusion because it is hard to say whether it will threaten the Chinese language.然而其他人支持收录，因为很难说它是否将会威胁汉语。

③Will you do me the favour to shut (shut) the door?
你能帮我把门关上吗？
[链接写作]词汇升级
【导学号：31670077】你能帮我把这些袋子拿进来吗？
(普通表达)Could you help me (to) take these bags in？(help)
①(高级表达)Could you do me a favor to take these bags in？(favour)
②(高级表达)Could you assist me in taking these bags in？(assist)
③(高级表达)Could you aid me in taking these bags in？(aid)
frighten vt.使惊吓，使惊恐
[教材原句]While many people are excited about these new technologies，these same technologies frighten others.尽管许多人对这些新技术感到兴奋，其他人则对这些同样的技术感到害怕。

away. 她现在已经开始把扬声器放在田野里看是否能把大象吓跑。

②The mothers are frightened of the children going camping，for they may get lost in the mountain.
妈妈们害怕孩子们去野营，因为他们可能在山里迷路。

③The lectures offer students the chance to“make sense”of mathematical knowledge that may have seemed so frightening (frighten)．这些讲座让学生有机会理解似乎让人恐惧的数学知识。

诠释3个核心短语
on the one hand...on the other hand...
一方面……另一方面……
[经典例句]On the one hand，I want to sell the house，but on the other hand，I can't bear the thought of moving.(朗文辞典)一方面我想把房子卖掉，但另一方面我又不愿搬家。

It is our duty to lend a hand to our neighbours when they need.
助的时候，向他们伸出援手是我们的职责。

②So it was with really great satisfaction that I stood in church one recent Sunday，video camera in hand.
最近的一个星期天，我非常满意地站在教堂里，手里拿着一架录像机。

follow in one's footsteps效仿某人
[教材原句]I understand that other countries have already begun trying to clone human beings，but this does not mean that we should follow in their footsteps.我明白其他国家已经开始尝试克隆人类，但这并不意味着我们应该效仿他们。

There are good reasons not to follow those bad examples.
有很好的理由不以那些不好的例子为榜样。

②This can be done if you proceed as follows.
按照如下操作即可完成。

take...into consideration认真考虑
[教材原句]In summary，I insist that you take the opinions of the people of the UK into consideration，and end this practice immediately.
概括地说，我坚决主张你认真考虑英国人民的意见，立刻终止这种做法。

鉴于此，你也许会料定这本书就是干巴巴地描述事实。

②She is always polite and considerate (consider) towards her employees.
她对待雇员总是客客气气，关心体谅。

③He showed no consideration for my feelings.
他一点都不关心我的感受。

[链接写作]句型转换
He is considered to have invented the telephone.
→It is considered that he has invented the telephone.(用it作形式主语改写)
突破2个高考句型
(教材P42)The first mammal to be cloned successfully from an adult cell was Dolly the sheep.第一只成功地用成年动物细胞克隆出的哺乳动物是多利羊。

句中不定式短语to be cloned...作后置定语修饰the first mammal。

Amy was the only person to witness (witness) the car accident.
睹那场车祸的人。

②In addition，they will strengthen their ability to accept (accept) new and exciting mathematical challenges.另外，他们将增强他们接受新的且刺激的数学挑战的能力。

【导学号：31670078】
(教材P50)The boy was more frightened than hurt.这个男孩与其说受伤倒不如说是害怕。

句中的more...than...结构意为“与其说……倒不如说……”，此结构强调more后面的内
容，表示同一个人或事物的两种特征对比，more和than后接不定式、形容词、副词的原级、名词或介词短语等两个并列成分。

①Don't be too hard on him.He's more cheated than stupid.别对他太苛刻了。

与其说他愚蠢倒不如说他被欺骗了。

I was more than a little angry when I saw how they'd ruined it.
当我见到他们是怎样把它破坏时，我非常愤怒。

③I think this is more to show off the special effects than to help the film's plot.在我看来，这是为了炫耀特技效果，而不是有助于表现电影的情节。

[多角快练]——练单词练短语练句型—————————————————
(对应学生用书第99页)
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Anyone can't enter the hall without my (permit)．
2．Paul's mother had him (adopt) because she couldn't look after him herself. 3．I'm sorry I offended you，but it wasn't my (intend)．
4．Experiments on animals (conduct) long before the medicine was applied to patients.
5．One third of the country is covered with trees and the majority of the citizens (be) black people.
【导学号：31670079】6．All 11 mi ners buried in a rainstorm­triggered landslide were (confirm) dead in southwest China.
7．In a year he collected (rely) information on 1，600 shoes.
8．The loss has not yet been calculated (accurate)，but it is believed to be well beyond a hundred million dollars.
9．No human being could have passed happier childhood than myself. 10．Do you have any information about the new books sale?
【答案】 1.permission 2.adopted 3.intention 4.have been conducted 5.are
6.confirmed 7．reliable 8.accurately 9.a 10.for
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．Whatever happens，we must push ahead forward our plans to increase production.
2．On the one hand，of course，cars are very useful；on the another hand，they cause air pollution.
3．You are the second teacher ask me the question today.
4．For me，music is much a way of life than an interest.
5．So far，this technology has used to produce plants that are better able to defend themselves against pests and disease.
6．No one knows what effects the GM material might have to the food chain.
【导学号：31670080】
【答案】1.forward →with 2.another →other 3．ask前加to 4.much →more ed 前加been 6.to →on
(对应学生用书第100页)
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
根据P42－43课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

With Dolly the sheep cloned 1. (success)from an adult cell，some other animals have already been created.Some scientists even have 2. intention to clone humans and they are pushing ahead with research now，3. it is not legal in many countries.China has succeeded in 4. (produce) clones of cows and goats.
Just 5. the saying goes，“Every coin has two sides.”On the one hand，cloning can produce 6. (value) human tissues to be used in medical 7. (treat)．On
the 8. hand，human cloning 9. (cause) much anxiety.Some people say if we toy 10. nature，we will have to deal with the consequences.
【答案】 1.successfully 2.the 3.although/though 4.producing 5.as 6.valuable 7.treatment 8.other 9.causes 10.with
Ⅱ.写作改错双练
根据提示，利用本单元所学知识完成下面的小作文，并改正学生习作。

1．新发明越来越多地被人们采用。

(adopt)
2．它们满足了我们日常生活的需要，也让我们受益匪浅。

(meet one's need)
3．不过也给我们带来了不好的影响。

4．以互联网为例，它使人们之间的联系更加容易。

(example，get in touch with) 5．越来越多的人沉湎于网络，结果身体要垮掉了。

(be addicted to，get burnt out) 6．对于网络的使用，我们必须要谨慎。

(be cautious with)
7．总的说来，新发明给我们带来的利要大于弊。

(in summary，disadvantage)
第一步：练写作
用适当的连接词将上述句子连成一篇短文。

第二步：练改错
下面是李明针对本文的习作，其中有5处语法错误，请你帮他纠正过来。

With the development of science and technology，more and more new inventions are adopted.On the one hand，they have met our need in our daily life and profited us a lot of；on the other hand，they have some bad effects on us.Take the Internet as example，they have made it easier for people to get in touch with each other，so more and more people are addicted to the Internet so that they are getting burnt out.As the consequence，we should be cautious with the use of the Internet.However，in summary new inventions are bringing us more advantages than disadvantages. 【答案】With the development of science and technology，more and more new inventions
are ∧
being adopted.On the one hand，they have met our need in our daily life and profited us a lot ﹨o f；on the other hand，they have some bad effects on us.Take the
Internet as for
example ，they have made it easier for people to get in touch with each other ，so but
more and more people are addicted to the Internet so that they are getting burnt out.As the a
consequence ，we should be cautious with the use of the Internet.However ，in summary new inventions are bringing us more advantages than disadvantages.。