2024学年云南省曲靖市陆良县高三二模突破冲刺英语试题(一)含解析

2024学年云南省曲靖市陆良县高三二模突破冲刺英语试题（一）
注意事项
1．考生要认真填写考场号和座位序号。

2．试题所有答案必须填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

第一部分必须用2B 铅笔作答；第二部分必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答。

3．考试结束后，考生须将试卷和答题卡放在桌面上，待监考员收回。

第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）
1．－What does the sign over there read?
－“No person ________ smoke or carry a lighted cigarette, cigar or pipe in this area.”
A．will B．shall
C．may D．must
2．In Australia, many road signs are now both in English and Chinese, ______ it easier for Chinese tourists to travel. A．making B．made C．make D．makes
3．You can’t use the computer now, ________ the upgrade of the system is under way.
A．until B．unless
C．as D．after
4．—Do you know what EU stands for, Tommy?
—Sure．It stands for the European Union,______ European political and economic organization that encourages trade and friendship between ______ countries that are members．
A．an; the B．a; the C．the; / D．an; /
5．They overcame some difficulties and completed the work ahead of time, ________ was something we had not expected.
A．that B．which
C．it D．what
6．As you can see, the number of cars on our roads ________ rising these days.
A．was keeping B．keep
C．keeps D．were keeping
7．—________! Somebody has broken the vase!
—Don’t look at me.
A．Come on B．Hi,there
C．Thank goodness D．Dear me
8．The Lushan Mountain, occupying an area of 302 square kilometers, possesses rich cultural and geological __________.
A．attractions B．amusements C．entertainments D．presentations
9．It gives us great delight ______ Chinese science fictions are becoming increasingly popular.
A．how B．what
C．that D．why
10．This restaurant has an inviting, homelike atmosphere ______ many others are short of.
A．where B．when
C．that D．what
11．I felt like giving up. I probably ________，but my Dad whispered, “Come on! You can make it.”
A．would have B．would C．should D．should have
12．Martin Luther King, Jr. put it that peace is not merely a distant goal that we seek, but a means _____we arrive at that goal.
A．that B．where C．by which D．with which
13．--Tom, your foreign teacher speaks Chinese fluently!
--Oh, she has lived in China for six years; otherwise she such good Chinese.
A．didn’t speak B．would not have spoken
C．would not speak D．hadn’t spoken
14．Mary liked to look back on her high—school days，she thought were the happiest in her life．
A．that B．what C．which D．when
15．—What a mess! You are always so lazy!
—I’m not to blame, mum. I am ________ you have made me.
A．how B．what C．that D．who
16．—He is eager to try something he has never tried before.
—Oh, I see. That’s _______ he’s different from others.
A．when B．where C．how D．what
17．Citizens are _____ to exercise their rights, but under no circumstances can they violate other people’s rights. A．on track B．on schedule
C．at ease D．at liberty
18．—He is so delighted to make friends with Johnson.
—Oh, I see. That’s _______ they have much in common.
A．where B．how C．what D．because
19．This kind of glasses made by experienced craftsmen _________ comfortably.
A．is worn B．wears C．wearing D．are worn
20．– Which driver was to blame?
-- Why, ______! It was the child’s fault, clear and simple. He suddenly came out between two parked cars.
A．both B．each
C．either D．neither
第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

21．（6分）Regardless of how far we’d like to believe gender（性别）equalit y in the workplace has come, there’s still a yawning gap between male and female leaders in the professional world. A 2018 statistic shows that women nowadays hold just 5.8 percent of CEOs positions at S&P 500 companies, according to Catalyst.
While it’s n ot a huge shock that women are somewhat underrepresented in leadership positions, what is surprising though, is the fact that females may actually be better suited to lead in almost every area, at least according to new findings from the BI Norwegian Business School.
In their research, Professor Oyvind L. Martinsen and Professor Lars Glas surveyed (调查) 2,900 managers with a special focus on personality types. The results were clear: Women scored higher than men in four of the five major leadership-centric categories.
While some people believe that men inherently make better leaders — probably because they picture a leader with a commanding voice, which is more typical of men than women — this piece of research suggests that women are better at methodical management and goal-setting, openness, sociability and supportiveness, as well as ability to communicate clearly.
There was one area in which men scored higher than women, though, and that was on emotional stability and ability to face job-related pressure and stress. The results suggest that women are more sensitive to the effects of
high-pressure or highly emotional situations.
Obviously, it’s important to consider individual (个人的) differences. Anyone, regardless of gender, may be an inspiring leader and a c ompetent boss. But next time you’re hiring for a management position, you just might want to give the resumes (简历) from female candidates a harder look.
1、（小题1）What makes us shocked much at leadership positions?
A．Women are worse than men.
B．Men take almost all high positions.
C．There is a huge gap between genders.
D．Women might behave better in nearly every field.
2、（小题2）Which of the following can best replace the underlined word “inherently” in Paragraph 4?
A．properly B．potentially
C．naturally D．normally
3、（小题3）Which of the following may be the best title of this text?
A．How We Can Figure Out The Boss
B．Why Women Are Better Than Men
C．Why Women Make The Best Bosses
D．How We Can Tell Gender Difference
4、（小题4）Who might have special interest in this article?
A．Job hunters.
B．Employers.
C．Employees.
D．Male bosses.
22．（8分）Are Coral Reefs(珊瑚礁) Adapting to Climate Change?
Scientists reported that climate change might actually be helping ancient trees thrive(长得健壮). Now there seems to be more positive news—this time about the coral in our oceans whose population has been severely affected in last few decades by rising temperatures, disease and human carelessness.
Coral reefs as you probably know are not just colorful calcium carbonate(钙碳酸盐)structures that provide shelter to a wonderful number of fish, but also a close relationship or partnership between coral polyps(珊瑚虫) and single celled living things called zooxanthellae(虫黄藻). The coral polyps give the zooxanthellae a home and in return the later provide the coral polyps with their vivid color and food. They support each other in a fantastic balance, one that is getting severely damaged by the rising temperatures which are causing the coral polyps to reject their zooxanthellae friends, removing their color and food source.
Scientists estimate the phenomenon of rising temperatures combined with disease has destroyed the coral reef population by more than 80%. It is therefore no wonder that scientists all over the world are looking for solutions to try to restore this all important link to sea life. However, while human efforts like planting the coral again have been somewhat successful, they are not enough to replace all the coral that has been dying due to climate change. That is probably why reports by various researchers about certain types of coral being able to not only survive the changing ocean conditions, but also thrive in it, are being met with such enthusiasm. The most recent findings show that despite higher temperatures the coral reefs seem to be thriving.
These findings are consistent with the lab research conducted by the scientists who tried growing different varieties of coral in waters with higher temperature to see how they would react. They were surprised to discover that most of them survived and some seemed to adapt and grow normally. Encouraged by these and other similar findings, more energetic species have been introduced to see if coral reefs can be restored to their former glory. A program is busy
analyzing the world's oceans to find more varieties that can be used for this same purpose．
However, we are not out of the woods yet! Scientists are still not sure how they would introduce these varieties to areas where they are not abundant and more importantly what the consequences would be on the surrounding sea life. Hopefully, the combination of new scientific research and fewer human mistakes will allow our beautiful coral to thrive again!
1、Which word can be used to complete the following relationship?
Coral reefs are a bridge between coral polyps and zooxanthellae.
→Coral polyps and zooxanthellae depend on one another.
→The ________ between coral polyps and zooxanthellae is suffering from severe damage.
A．home B．structure
C．balance D．color
2、The underlined words in Paragraph 4 mean ________.
A．to allow coral reefs to thrive again
B．to find more varieties of coral
C．to survive the changing ocean conditions
D．to see how coral reacts in higher temperature
3、We can infer from the passage that ________.
A．climate change has the same effect on both ancient trees and coral
B．re-planting the coral can solve the problem of coral reefs' decrease
C．various researchers are interested in the reports on the changing ocean conditions
D．the lab research has encouraged scientists to restore coral reefs to their former glory
23．（8分）Is there a way to turn back the aging process in people? For centuries, people have been looking for a “fountain of youth.” The idea is that if you find a magical fountain, and drink its water, you will not age.
Researchers in New York did not find an actual fountain of youth, but they may have found a way to turn back the aging process. It appears that the answer may be called the hypothalamus, which is part of your brain. It controls important body activities, including growth, the way we process food and so on.
Researchers at New York’s Albert Einstein College of Medicine found that hypothalamus neural stem cells (干细胞) also influence how fast aging takes place.
Dongsheng Cai, a professor at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, was the leading researcher in a study on aging in mice. He and his team reported their findings.
“Aging speed can be controlled by a particular place in the body, which is the hypothalamus. And it can be
controlled by a particular type of cells, which are hypothalamus stem cells.” He adds that when the hypothalamus starts aging, so does the body. So when hypothalamus function is in decline, particularly the loss of hypothalamus stem cells, and this protection against the aging development is lost, it eventually leads to aging.
Using this information, the researchers began trying to activate the hypothalamus in laboratory mice. They did this by injecting the animals with stem cells.
The researchers say the results show that the treatment slowed aging in the a nimals. “When we injected the hypothalamus stem cells to the middle-aged mice, the mice aged slowly and they can also live longer.”
But these results were just from studying mice in a laboratory. If the mice can live longer, does that mean people could have longer lives? The next step is to see if the anti-aging effects also work in human beings.
“If we can translate what we have seen in animals to humans, I think humans can function better during later ages.” Cai and his team say their studies may have oth er benefits. They say the findings could lead to new ways to help doctors identify and treat any number of age-related health issues.
1、Why does the author mention the “fountain of youth” in the first paragraph?
A．To explain what the “fountain of youth” is.
B．To introduce the hypothalamus.
C．To show how to find the “fountain of youth”.
D．To help people find the “fountain of youth”.
2、What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A．The brain. B．The aging process.
C．Hypothalamus. D．The stem cell
3、What do we know about the study done by Cai?
A．They have found a way to turn back the aging process.
B．The brain controls growth, reproduction and the way we process food.
C．The decrease of hypothalamus stem cells can lead to aging.
D．The finding has been applied to human beings.
4、Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?
A．The Fountain of Youth
B．A New Discovery about Aging
C．The Ways of Slowing Down Aging
D．Hypothalamus—the Fountain of Youth
24．（8分）Open water swimming
I had on ly swum in open water a few times, and always in gentle lakes, so I wasn’t prepared for how rough Lake Windermere appeared on a cold day. A swimmer told me the water felt colder than it had been measured, and that the water was a bit rough. But I, along with 10,000 others, was about to complete the challenge.
Most of the people taking part were doing a one-mile race, and 10 races were planned over the weekend. There seemed to be a mix of open-water enthusiasts alongside complete beginners—which is precisely the aim of the swims, to get as many people as possible completing their own challenge. The oldest woman competing was 77, taking part in the two-mile race, alongside a man who last year had swum in every one-mile race.
I had chosen the third one-mile race of the day. There were over 600 people in my race. We were taken through an acclimatization area, a children’s paddling pool-sized part of the lake where we moved in to feel how cold the water was. “Not too bad” was everyone’s thought! Then we headed out towards the middle of the lake.
We’d been warned that the first 100 metres would be really rough. However, somewhere near the 750m mark I was still waiting for the calm; it felt more like swimming in the sea than a lake. I tried to focus on my breathing and technique, and just keep going. As I approached the 400m-to-go mark my lower right leg became painful. I recalled overhearing people talking about how they kept swimming through the pain, so I tried. But it didn’t work. I began to feel the entire leg ti ght and painful. I didn’t want to stop, so I bent my right knee and just kicked with the left leg.
Finally I saw the finishing post, and I just concentrated on getting there—still one-legged. My finishing time was 38 minutes 25 seconds but that didn’t matt er—the atmosphere was fantastic and everyone felt a sense of achievement, whatever their time. I’m hooked, and want to give it another go. I’ve already signed up for my next open-water swim. 1、How did the author feel before the race?
A．Scared of the most challenging race.
B．Disappointed by the difficult conditions.
C．Concerned about the other swimmers in the race.
D．Determined to be as tough as the people around her.
2、Why does the author mention the two people in Paragraph 2?
A．To stress the importance of the race.
B．To praise the experienced swimmers.
C．To show the wide range of the participants.
D．To introduce the various events of the race.
3、The author suggests in Paragraph 4 that ______.
A．the race would cause breathing problems
B．the race became harder than she had expected
C．it was really necessary to prepare for tough swims
D．it would have been easier if she had taken others’ advice
4、What does the author talk about in the last paragraph?
A．Her confidence in her own ability.
B．Her pride in having swum so quickly.
C．Her eagerness to repeat the experience.
D．Her surprise at having managed to finish.
（10分）Forcing waiters and waitresses to survive on tips from customers rather than normal wages is a pointless, 25．
crude, and unique American custom that, in the past several years, a handful of progressive restaurant owners have attempted to do away with. Danny Meyer, CEO of Union Square Hospitality Group, is about to join their ranks and has announced that he plans to gradually stop tipping at the company’s 13 restaurants.
What, exactly, is wrong with tipping? As Brian Palmer has explained, more or less it’s everything. To start, leaving a waiter’s pay in the hands of customers has a feeling of classism (阶级歧视)．And in theory, handing restaurant customers the power to tip is at least supposed to motivate better service. This fails in practice because humans turn out to be pretty arbitrary (随意的) about their tipping behavior. Research has shown that the amount diners tip has very little to do with their level of s atisfaction. All of this doesn’t encourage waiters and waitresses to do anything but turn over as many tables as possible.
Tipping is also very unfair to kitchen staff. The law allows restaurants to divide tips between front-of-the-house workers like waiters, hosts, hostesses, and bartenders (调酒师), but not cooks. This creates a system in which the people serving the food in a restaurant can earn more than the people preparing it．
One of the most fascinating parts of Meyer’s move is that, unlike some restaur ant owners who have taken an
anti-tipping stand, he won’t simply add a standard extra charge to diners’ bills. Rather, Union Square Hospitality Group means to raise menu prices enough to fully cover the cost of a meal. If Meyer manages to move away from tipping at all without hurting his profits, it would almost certainly set the stage for others to follow suit.
1、What’s Danny Meyer’s attitude towards stopping tipping?
A．Negative. B．Supportive.
C．Objective. D．Doubtful.
2、What can be inferred from Paragraph 2?
A．Tipping may disturb the restaurants’ management.
B．Tipping will guarantee diners high quality service.
C．Tipping can arouse the staff’s enthusiasm for work．
D．Tipping will bring customers a sense of satisfaction.
3、What can we know about Union Square Hospitality group?
A．Brian Palmer is in charge of it now.
B．Its cooks earn much more than its servers.
C．Restaurant tipping has been totally banned there.
D．Diners will be charged more for the dishes there.
4、What is the topic of the passage?
A．Resta urants’ getting rid of tipping.
B．Difficulties that restaurants are faced with.
C．The popularity of no-tipping restaurants.
D．Tips on running restaurants successfully.
第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．
26．（30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项选项的标号涂黑。

A young student was one day taking a walk with a professor. As they went along, they saw 1 belonged to a poor man who was employed in a field close by.
The student turned to the professor, say ing, “Let us play the man a 2 : we will hide his shoes and wait to see his
3 when he cannot find them.”
“My young friend,” answered the professor, “we should never amuse ourselves at the 4 of the poor. But you are rich, and may give yourself a much greater pleasure 5 the poor man. Put a coin into each shoe, and then we will hide ourselves and watch 6 the discovery affects him.”
The student did so, and they both placed themselves behind the bushes close by.
The poor man soon finished his work, and came 7 the field to the path where he had left his shoes. While 8
his foot into one of his shoes, he 9 something hard, 10 he bent down and found the coin. Astonishment and 11 were seen upon his face. He then looked around himself on all sides, but no person was to be seen. He now put the money into his pocket, and went on to put on the other shoe; but his surprise was 12 on finding the other coin. His feelings 13 him; he fell upon his 14 , looked up to heaven and thanked God aloud.
The student stood there 15 affected, and his eyes filled with tears. “Now,” said the professor, “are you not much better 16 than if you had played your 17 trick?” The youth replied, “You have taught me a lesson which I will never forget. I feel now the 18 of those words, which I never understood before: It is more blessed to 19 than to receive.”
1、A．sitting B．lying C．hiding D．laying
2、A．imagined B．expected C．supposed D．recognized
3、A．trick B．role C．part D．game
4、A．impatience B．puzzlement C．pity D．disappointment
5、A．expense B．risk C．need D．poverty
6、A．in reply to B．in response to C．by means of D．by way of
7、A．why B．when C．where D．how
8、A．across B．around C．through D．towards
9、A．rising B．rushing C．slipping D．sliding
10、A．found B．noticed C．kicked D．felt
11、A．but B．so C．as D．for
12、A．wonder B．admiration C．guilt D．anxiety
13、A．advanced B．improved C．progressed D．doubled
14、A．grasped B．overcame C．inspired D．sank
15、A．knees B．hands C．feet D．legs
16、A．generally B．fairly C．deeply D．naturally
17、A．excited B．satisfied C．touched D．pleased
18、A．intended B．required C．wanted D．interested
19、A．fact B．truth C．reality D．faith
20、A．reward B．win C．give D．send
第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

27．（15分）Eating at restaurants hasn't always been known as the best choice for people 1．are trying to keep a healthy diet. It is 2．(extreme) hard for people to avoid food that isn't so good for them when dining out. However, you don't have to give 3．your love of restaurants. There are ways that you can eat healthier food when dining out while you can still enjoy the experience.
One method is to take time 4．(read) the nutrition information. Some restaurants post it on their menus or their website. If you know you're going to visit 5．certain restaurant, you should check the website first. If no nutrition information 6．(list), you should check the menu at the restaurant before you order.
Another way is to think about not eating cream or butter sauces. Instead, consider 7．(choose) a sauce that could add a rich flavor to your food without extra calories (卡路里).
All restaurants have water available. Whether it is free 8．you have to buy it, you should choose to drink water
over other drinks like beer or soda, which contains a lot of calories.
Eating out doesn't have to be an unhealthy 9．(decide) as long as you make wise choices. You could still enjoy all of the benefits of dining out and be 10．(please) with your choices later on.
第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）
28．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文，文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（˄），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2、只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

I joined in underwater research project in the Gulf of Mexico last month、Some researches were trying to learning more about the fish and other creatures living in it、We spend three days in a boat、The researchers used their underwater equipments to measure the water depth and temperature、There was a camera in it, where sent images back to the boat、What I liked mostly was diving into the water、At first, I was quite frightening、But as soon as I jumped into the water, I wasn’t afraid any more、That was amazing to see the colorful fish around、The experience as a holiday will help me work a lot of harder than ever to become a scientist、
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
29．（25分）假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Justin 得知你想提高英文写作能力，给你寄来一本《英文写作要素》（The Elements Of Style）。

请你回一封信。

内容包括：
1. 感谢对方；
2. 会认真研读；
3. 你的回礼。

注意：
1. 词数100 左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Justin,
How is everything going with you?
______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________
Best wishes.
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案
第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）
1、B
2、A
3、C
4、B
5、B
6、C
7、D
8、A
9、C
10、C
11、A
12、C
13、C
14、C
15、B
16、B
17、D
18、D
19、B
20、D
第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

21、1、2．D
3、4．C
【小题3】【小题3】C
【小题4】【小题4】B
22、1、C
2、A
3、D
23、1、B
2、C
3、C
4、D
24、1、D
2、C
3、B
4、C
25、1、B
2、A
3、D
4、A
第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．
26、1、 B
2、 C
3、 A
4、 B
5、 A
6、 C
7、 D
8、 A
9、 C
10、 D
11、 B
12、 A
13、 D
14、 B
15、 A
16、 C
17、 D
18、 A
19、 B
20、 C
第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

27、1．who / that
2．extremely
3．up
4．to read
5．a
6．is listed
7．choosing
8．or
9．Decision
10．pleased
第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）
28、
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
29、Dear Justin,
How is everything going with you? I’m so excited to have received the book The Elements Of Style you sent to me, which is the very book that I had been looking forward to. Thanks sincerely for your considerate thought.
As you know, I am working at improving my English writing ability recently, and the book will be very useful, and will be a great help. Actually, I have made a plan to study and read the book i ntensively and carefully. In this way, I’m fully convinced that I can achieve my goal.
In return for your favor, I mail a book named The History Of China to you, since you are eager to know something
about Chinese culture. Hopefully, you will like it. Best wishes.
Yours,
Li Hua。