2022年考研考博-考博英语-厦门大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷(带答案)第77期

2022年考研考博-考博英语-厦门大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B
卷（带答案）
一.综合题(共15题)
1.
单选题
The fact that the earth's surface heats_______ provides a convenient way to divide it into temperature region.
问题1选项
A.infrequently
B.irregularly
C.unsteadily
D.unevenly
【答案】D
【解析】infrequently很少发生地, 稀少地; irregularly不规则地, 无规律地; unsteadily不稳定地, 摇摆地; unevenly不均衡地, 不平坦地, 不平行地。

句意：地球表面受热不均这一事实提供了一种便捷的方法来划分它的温度区域。

选项D符合句意。

2.
单选题
Free will allows us to indulge our_______passions; freedom leads us in the higher path to unlock life's mystic secrets.
问题1选项
A.discharging
B.fleeting
C.colluding
D.displacing
【答案】A
【解析】discharge卸下, 放出; fleet消磨; collude串通, 勾结; displace转移, 取代。

句意：自由意志使我们能尽情释放自己的激情;自由引领我们走向更高的道路，去开启生命的奥秘。

选项A符合句意。

3.
单选题
Euthanasia is a practice of mercifully ending a person's life in order to_______the person from an incurable disease and intolerable suffering.
问题1选项
A.liberate
B.confine
C.release
D.apprehend
【答案】A
【解析】liberate解放,解脱; confine限制; release释放; apprehend理解,逮捕。

句意：安乐死是一种仁慈地结束一个人的生命, 从而使病人从不可医治的绝症和无法忍受的痛苦中解脱出来的做法。

选项A 符合句意。

4.
单选题
High-fructose com syrup is easy for food and beverage makers to use, and has_______ the former leading sweetener: sucrose,or ordinary table sugar.
问题1选项
A.edged out
B.edged in
C.edged away
D.edged on
【答案】A
【解析】edge out替代, 挤掉; edge in挤进; edge away缓缓移动; edge on 怂恿,鼓励。

句意：高果糖玉米糖浆对食品和饮料生产商来说很容易使用, 而且已经取代了以前重要的增甜剂——蔗糖或普通的食糖。

选项A符合句意。

5.
单选题
Everyday there are reports of_______that have been committed against innocent people.
问题1选项
A.behaviors
B.fixtures
C.subordinates
D.atrocities
【答案】D
【解析】behavior举止, 行为；fixture设备, 固定装置; subordinate下属; atrocity暴行，残暴。

句意：每天都有关于对无辜人民实施暴行的报道。

选项D符合句意。

6.
单选题Salas is one of 13,000 King County employees who will be asked to confidentially_______whether they're overweight,smoke or engage in other health-related vices.
问题1选项
A.dement
B.divulge
C.retaliate
D.disservice
【答案】B
【解析】dement使发狂; divulge泄露, 暴露; retaliate报复; disservice伤害, 虐待。

句意：萨拉斯是国王郡1.3万名雇员之一, 他们将被要求私下透露自己是否超重、是否吸烟或是否有其他与健康有关的恶习。

选项B符合句意。

7.
单选题
Business is improving but much more hard work and common sense will be_______before any substantial profits can be realized.
问题1选项
A.put up with
B.called for
C.taken up
D.gone through
【答案】B
【解析】put up with容忍; called for需要, 要求; taken up拿起, 占据, 开始从事; gone through 经历。

句意：生意正在好转, 但要想获得可观的利润, 还需要做更多的工作和了解更多的常识。

选项B符合句意。

8.
单选题
Poseidon sat at his desk, doing figures. The administration of all the waters gave him endless work. He could have had assistants, as many as he wanted 一 and he did have very many 一 but since he took his job very seriously, he would in the end go over all the figures and calculations himself, and thus his assistants were of little help to him. It cannot be said that he enjoyed his work: he did it only because it had been assigned to him; in fact, he had already filed many petitions for—as he put it—more cheerful work, but every time the offer of something different was made to him it would turn out that nothing suited him quite as well as his present position. And anyhow it was quite difficult to find something different for him. After all, it was impossible to assign him to a particular sea: aside from the fact that even then the work with figures would not become less but only pettier, the great Poseidon could in any case occupy only an executive position. And when a job away from the water was offered to him he would get sick at the very prospect, his divine breathing would become troubled and his brazen chest began to tremble. Besides, his complaints were not really taken seriously; when one of the mighty is vexatious the appearance of an effort must be made to placate him, even when the case is most hopeless. In actuality a shift of posts was unthinkable for Poseidon — he had been appointed God of the Sea in the beginning, and that he had to remain.
What irritated him most 一and it was this that was chiefly responsible for his dissatisfaction with his job—was to hear of the conceptions formed about him: how he was always riding about through the tides with his trident. When all the while he sat here in the depths of the world-ocean, doing figures uninterruptedly, with now and then a trip to Jupiter as the only break in the monotony—a trip, moreover, from which he usually returned in a rage. Thus he had hardly seen the sea—had seen it but quickly in the course of hurried trips to Olympus, and he had never actually traveled around it. He was in the habit of saying that what he was waiting for was the fall of the world; then, probably, a quiet moment would be granted in which, just before the end and having checked the last row of figures, he would be able to make a quick, little tour.
Poseidon became bored with the sea. He let fall his trident. Silently he sat on the rocky coast and a gull, dazed by his presence, described wavering circles around his head.
1.The underlined sentence ("It…him") in the first par agraph suggest that Poseidon regarded his work with ( ).
2.It can be inferred from the author's description of Poseidon's routine ("how...in a rage") that ( ).
3.According to the passage, Poseidon's dissatisfaction with his job primarily stems from ( )
4.The author of the passage portrays the god Poseidon as ( ) .
5.Poseidon is unable to change occupations for all of the following reasons EXCEPT ( ). 问题1选项
A.resignation
B.enthusiasm
C.hostility
D.intimidation
问题2选项
A.Poseidon prefers performing his duties to visiting Jupiter
B.Poseidon is too busy to familiarize himself with his kingdom
C.Poseidon requires silence for the performance of his duties
D.Poseidon's dissatisfaction with his job detracts from his efficiency
问题3选项
A.the constant travel that is required of him
B.the lack of seriousness with which his complaints are received
C.the constantly changing nature of his duties
D.other's mistaken notions of his routine
问题4选项
A.a dissatisfied bureaucrat
B.a powerful god
C.a discontented vagabond
D.a capable accountant
问题5选项
A.his appointment as God of the Sea is inherently unchangeable
B.he has fallen into disfavor with the gods on Mount Olympus
C.he cannot imagine a life away from the water
D.nothing else suits him as well as his present position
【答案】第1题:A
第2题:D
第3题:D
第4题:A
第5题:B
【解析】1.Poseidon对他工作的态度是() 。

resignation放任, 服从; enthusiasm热心, 热忱; hostility敌对; intimidation恐吓, 威胁。

根据划线部分的内容可知, 不能说他喜欢他的工作, 他这样做只是因为这是分配给他的。

所以他的态度是听之任之的, 选项A正确。

2.根据划线部分的描述可知, 作者是想表达Poseidon对工作的不满导致了工作效率的下降, 选项D正确。

3.根据第二段的第一句"What irritated him most 一 and it was this that was chiefly responsible for his dissatisfaction with his job—was to hear of the conceptions formed about him..."最让他生气的是听到别人对他的意见, 正是这一因素导致了他对工作的不满。

选项D符合原文。

4.根据文字内容可知, 作者将Poseidon描述为不满的官僚, 选项A正确。

其他选项均不符合原文。

5.根据第一段后半部分的内容可知, 选项A. C, D均是Poseidon无法改变职业的原因, 只有选项B在文中没有提及。

9.
单选题
There's one girl at my school who everybody_______because she doesn't wear what everybody else wears; they are horrible to her.
问题1选项
A.picks out
B.picks over
C.picks on
D.picks off
【答案】C
【解析】pick out挑选； pick over仔细检查……以便选出优品（或剔除劣品）； pick on作弄，挑剔；pick off摘掉。

句意：我们学校有一个女孩，每个人都欺负她，因为她穿的和大家不一样；大家都讨厌她。

选项C符合句意。

10.
单选题
Some anthropologists claim that a few apes have been taught a rudimentary sign languages, but skeptics argue that the apes are only_______their trainers.
问题1选项
A.imitating
B.condoning
C.instructing
D.acknowledging
【答案】A
【解析】imitating模仿, 效法; condoning宽恕, 赦免; instructing指导, 教; acknowledging承认, 答谢。

句意：一些人类学家声称, 一些猿类已经学会了基本的手语, 但持怀疑态度的人认为, 猿类只是在模仿它们的驯兽师。

选项A符合句意。

11.
单选题
Certain animal behaviors, such as mating rituals' seem to be_______, and therefore_______external factors such as climate changes, food supply, or the presence of other animals of the same species.
问题1选项
A.learned...immune to
B.innate...unaffected by
C.intricate...belong to
D.specific...confused with
【答案】B
【解析】learned...immune to学到的不受感染; innate...unaffected by先天的不受影响; intricate...belong to复杂的属于; specific...confused with特定的混淆。

句意：某些动物的行为, 如交配仪式, 似乎是与生俱来的, 因此不受外部因素的影响, 如气候变化, 食物供应, 或其他动物相同物种的存在。

选项B符合句意。

12.
单选题
Many agents quit and say they are leaving because they are_______and want better pay and more humane working conditions,including less travel.
问题1选项
A.reverted to
B.backed up
C.fed up
D.thrust in
【答案】D
【解析】revert to回复, 归还; back up支持, 倒退; feed up供给…食物; thrust in闯入；不恰当地插入。

句意：许多经纪人辞职后表示，他们之所以离开，是因为他们受到干涉，并且想要更高的报酬和更加人性化的工作环境，包括减少出差旅行。

选项D符合句意。

13.
单选题
The government recently presented an ambitious plan to tackle the violence and_______that follow when too many people drink too much too quickly in too small an area.
问题1选项
A.alienation
B.delimitation
C.bareness
D.mayhem
【答案】D
【解析】alienation疏远,转让; delimitation定界; bareness赤裸, 裸露; mayhem蓄意的破坏, 故意的伤害罪。

句意：政府最近提出了一项雄心勃勃的计划，以解决在一个面积太小的地区，如果有太多的人饮酒太多太快而制造的暴力和混乱。

选项D符合句意。

14.
单选题
Exactly how many people experience stress-related eating isn't known,but as the obesity_______worsens,there's growing scientific interest in the topic.
问题1选项
A.peregrination
B.origination
C.epidemic
D.fragrance
【答案】C
【解析】peregrination游历, 旅行; origination起源; epidemic（风尚等的）流行, 传染病; fragrance 芬芳, 香气。

句意：到底有多少人经历过在压力下进食还不清楚, 但是随着肥胖的流行越来越严重, 人们对这个话题的科学兴趣也越来越大。

选项C符合句意。

15.
单选题
Merrilee Miller,merchants association marketing director,called the festivities a (n)_______for the sickening feelings left by the shootings at Westroads Mall on Wednesday.
问题1选项
A.antifebrile
B.antidote
C.counteract
D.neutralization
【答案】B
【解析】antifebrile退热剂; antidote解毒剂, 矫正方法; counteract抵消, 中和; neutralization 中和, 中立。

句意：美国商人协会市场总监Merrilee Miller称, 周三发生在西街购物中心的枪击事件给人们留下了一种令人厌恶的情绪, 而庆祝活动则是一剂良药。

选项B符合句意。