专业英语A

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石油工程专业英语-A

石油工程专业英语-A

中国石油大学(北京)2009–2010学年第二学期研究生期末考试试题A(开卷考试)课程名称: 专业英语 学号: 姓名:一、 单词(20分,每小题0.5分)题目要求:请根据下面给出的中文或英文写出相对应的英文或中文单词。

例如,题目中给出“petroleum ”,请对应写出中文“石油”;题目中若给出“天然气”,请写出对应英文“natural gas ”。

1. hydrocarbon 2. casing3. sedimentary rock4. limestone5. carbonate6. drilling mud7.unconformity 8. exploration 9. wildcat well 10. seismic 11. shale 12. drill cuttings 13. outcrop 14. spudding in 15. normal fault 16. crown block 17. cementing18. christmas tree19. blowout preventer (BOP) 20. openhole completion 21. paraffin 22. overbalance 23. choke manifold 24. wettability25. Original Oil In Place (OOIP) 26. kelly 27. shut-down 28. thrust fault 29. fossil fuel 30. artificial lift 31. 孔隙度 32. 渗透率 33. 钻头 34. 圈闭35.胶结36.油藏工程37.断层38.上游39.甲烷40.背斜二、单项选择(20分,每小题2分)题目要求:请从A、B、C、D四个备选答案中选出你认为正确的答案,写在答题纸上。

1.Petroleum industry can be mainly divided into upstream sector, midstream sector and downstream sector. Exploration business belongs to .A. upstream sectorB. midstream sectorC. downstream sectorD. none of above answers 2.In a seismic survey, the geophysicists need to lay out a line or several lines of sensitive receivers to receive the reflected energy waves from the underground rock layers. Such sensitive receivers are usually called .A. tracerB. geophoneC. gaugeD. bit3.Please find out one recovery mechanism that does not belong to primary recovery.A. gas-cap driveB. dissolved-gas driveC. waterfloodingD. gravity drive4.The major constituent of natural gas is .A. pentaneB. ethaneC. propaneD. methane5.Most reservoir rocks are .A. oil-wetB. water-wetC. gas-wetD. none of above answers 6.The rotary drilling rig consists of four major systems including the engines, the hoisting, rotating, and mud systems. Drilling bit belongs to .A. the engine systemB. the hoisting systemC. the rotating systemD. the mud system 7.is designed to close off the well in dangerous events. Usually they are attached to the well below the derrick floor.A. Blowout preventersB. kellyC. crown blockD. drill collar8.From top to bottom of the well, the correct order of downhole string should be .A. conductor casing, production casing, intermediate casing, surface casingB. surface casing, conductor casing, intermediate casing, production casingC. surface casing, conductor casing, production casing, intermediate casingD. conductor casing, surface casing, intermediate casing, production casing9.After the first productive exploration well is successfully drilled, additional wells are drilled near to that well and used for obtaining further reservoir and fluid information. Such additional drilled wells are usually called .A. wildcat wellB. appraisal wellC. discovery wellD. exploration well 10.P lease find out the correct Chinese translation of the field unit “STB/D”.A. 标准状况桶/天B. 标准状况桶/月C. 油藏状况桶/天D. 油藏状况桶/月三、英译汉翻译(30分)题目要求:请将下面几段英文翻译成中文,注意关键词语和句子结构翻译的准确性。

汽车专业英语 A-E

汽车专业英语 A-E
air shield=air deflector
angular velocity角速度
annular groove环(形)槽
annular opening[orifice]环形孔[口]
annulus①内齿轮,(齿)圈,(行星齿轮系)内齿圈[环]②环形物,环形套筒
antenna天线
anti-dazzle【动,名】防眩(目)
air control①空气调节[控制]②(压缩空气)气动控制[操纵]③(客厢通风)风量[空气]调节杆,风量[向]控制
air-controlled压缩空气操纵[驱动]的,气[风]动的
air control valve空气控制阀
air-cooled空气冷却的,风冷的
air cooler空气冷却器
air cooling空气冷却,风冷
acceleration enrichment (混合气)加速加浓
air baffle①挡风板,折流板②(风冷发动机)导风板
air bag或airbag安全气囊
air—bag assembly安全气囊组件[总成]
air bag module①同上②安全气囊控制模块
air bellow (波纹式)空气箱[弹簧]
areometer液体密度[比重]计
arm①臂,(手)柄,杆,(条,轮)辐②指针,指示器③支[托]架,扶[靠]手
armature电枢
armature coil[winding]电枢线圈[绕组]
armored hose铠装软管
arm rest (内部设施)肘靠
arm support (内部设施)肘靠,放手垫
ash灰,粉尘,尘埃
ash tray(case)烟灰盒[缸]
aspect angle视界[线]角

建筑专业英语词汇(A)

建筑专业英语词汇(A)

建筑专业英语词汇(A)a block 空心块a frame a 型框架a line 支座反力影响线abaciscus 嵌饰abacus 栏杆小柱顶abamurus 扶壁abat jour 灯罩abat vent 遮阳帘abbrasive wheel 磨盘aberration 偏差ability 能力ablation 磨蚀酌abode 住宅above ground structure 地面建筑物abrasion 磨耗abrasion concrete 磨蚀性混凝土abrasion hardness 耐磨硬度abrasion proof 耐磨的abrasion resistance 耐磨性abrasion test 磨耗试验abrasion tester 磨耗试验机abrasion value 磨耗值abrasive 磨料abrasive aggregates 耐磨骨料abrasive disk 磨盘abrasive paper 研磨纸abrasive tile 粗面瓷砖abridged notation 简化符号abs plastic abs塑料absolute deformation 绝对变形absolute displacement 绝对位移absolute error 绝对误差absolute humidity 绝对湿度absolute pressure 绝对压力absolute temperature 绝对温度absolute value 绝对值absolute viscosity 绝对粘度absolute weight 绝对重量absorbed water 吸附水absorbent 吸收剂absorbent filter 吸收剂滤器absorber 吸收器absorbing ability 吸收能力absorbing ceiling 吸声天花板absorbing medium 吸收性介质absorbing well 吸渗水井absorption 吸收absorption basin 消力池absorption chamber 吸声室absorption coefficient 吸收系数absorption curve 吸收曲线absorption factor 吸收率absorption index 吸收指数absorption of heat radiations 热辐射的吸收absorption of sound 声音吸收absorption spectrum 吸收频谱absorption test 吸收试验absorptive capacity 吸收能力absorptive forms 吸收性模壳abstraction of heat 散热abutment 桥台;拱座;对接接斗abutment wall 桥台墙abutting buildings 邻接房屋abutting joint 对接abutting tenon 毗连榫舌abyssinien well 管井ac circuit 交羚路academic city 科学城academy 研究院academy of architecture 建筑学会acanthus 叶形装饰accelerant 促进剂accelerated ageing 加速老化accelerated curing of concrete 混凝土的加速养护accelerated test 加速试验accelerated weathering 加速风蚀accelerating admixture 速凝剂accelerating curing 加速养护accelerating test 加速试验accelerator 促进剂acceptance of work 工程验收access 入口access balcony 过道access door 检修门access hole 检查孔access ramp 接坡道access road 进路access tunnel 进口隧道accessory building 辅助建筑物accident prevention 事故预防accident prevention regulations 技术安全规程accidental loading 偶然荷载accommodations 居住设施accordion door 折迭门accordion partition 折隔屏accumulation 积蓄accumulation of heat 蓄热accuracy 准确度accuracy of fixing 固定准确度accuracy of measuring 计量准确度accurate adjustment 准确蝶accurate ajusting 准确蝶accurate measurement 准确测量acetylene cutting machine 氧割机acetylene welding 乙炔焊achromatic color 无彩色acid 酸acid brick 酸性砖acid proof brick 耐酸砖acid proof cement 耐酸水泥acid proof floortile 耐酸地板瓷砖acid proof paint 耐酸涂料acid proof paper 耐酸纸acid proofing mortar 耐酸灰浆acid resistance 耐酸性acid resistant brick 耐酸砖acid resistant floor 耐酸地板acid resistant steel 耐酸钢acid resisting concrete 耐酸混凝土acid resisting mortar 耐酸灰浆acidproof concrete 耐酸混凝土acidproof construction 耐酸构造acoustic absorptivity 吸声率acoustic analysis 声学分析acoustic conductivity 声导率acoustic design 声学计算acoustic dispersion 声射散acoustic disturbance 声干扰acoustic field 声场acoustic filter 滤声器acoustic frequency 声频acoustic instrument 声学仪器acoustic investigation 声学研究acoustic lens 声透镜acoustic load 声负载acoustic material 吸声材料acoustic measurement 声学测量acoustic power 声功率acoustic pressure 声压acoustic radiator 声辐射体acoustic resistance 声阻acoustic resonance 声共振acoustic shadow 声影区acoustic signal 声信号acoustic sounding 回声测深acoustic velocity 声速acoustic wave 声波acoustical board 吸声板acoustical ceiling 吸声天花板acoustical fiberboard 吸声纤维板acoustical insulation 隔声acoustical lining 吸音隔板acoustical plaster 吸声灰膏acoustical resistance 声阻acoustical screen 隔音板acoustical tile 吸声砖acoustics 声学acoustics of building 建筑声学acryl resin 丙烯酸尸acrylic rubber 丙烯酸橡胶actinic glass 光化玻璃actinograph 日光能量测定器actinometer 露光计actinometry 光能测定action principle 酌原理activated adsorption 活化吸附activated alumina 活性氧化铝activated carbon filter 活性炭滤池activated mortar 活化灰浆砂activated sludge 活性污泥activating agent 活化剂activation 活性化activator 活化剂active carbon 活性炭active earth pressure 织土压力active material 活性材料active residential solar heating system 能动式住宅太阳热取暖系统activity 活性activity duration 工字续时间activity of cement 水泥活性activity time 工字续时间actual construction time 实际建筑期限actual damage 实际损坏actual dimension 实际尺寸actual load 有效载荷actual size 实际大小actual strength 实际强度acute angle 锐角acute arch 尖拱addition compound 掺加化合物additional building 附加房屋additional load 附加载荷additional services 追加供给additive 掺合料additive cement 附加物水泥additive method 加色法adhesion 附着adhesion agent 粘结剂adhesion factor 粘着系数adhesion stress 粘结力adhesive 粘着剂adhesive ability 附着能力adhesive failure 脱胶adhesive force 附着力adhesive power 附着力adhesiveness 粘着性adiabatic cooling 绝热冷却adiabatic curing 绝热养护adit opening 平洞口adjacent accommodation 厢房adjacent of window 窗棂adjoining building 邻屋adjustable ball hinge 可第球铰链adjustable grille 可雕子窗adjustable spanner 可靛手adjustable wrench 可靛手adjusted net fill 已蝶的净填土adjuster 蝶器adjuster for window 窗开关蝶器adjusting device 蝶装置adjusting valve 第阀adjusting wedge 蝶楔块adjustment 蝶adjustment of mixture 混合物组份的第administration building 行政办公楼admissible concentration 容许浓度admissible value 容许值admission pipe 吸气管admission valve 进气阀admixture 掺合料admixture effects 掺合剂效应adobe brick 风干砖坯adobe construction 干打垒结构adsorbate 吸附物adsorbed water 吸附水adsorbent 吸附剂adsorption 吸附adverse slope 反坡advisory engineer 顾问工程师adz 手斧ae concret 加气混凝土aerated cement block 充气水泥块aerated concrete 加气混凝土aerated spillway 真空式溢吝aeration 通气aeration basin 曝气池aeration skylight 通风天窗aeration tank 曝气池aerial cableway 架空死aerial mast 天线杆aerial pipe crossing 架空管横越aerial survey 航空测量aerobic treatment 好气处理aerocrete 加气混凝土aerodrome 飞机场aerodynamic instability 空气动力不稳定性aerodynamic resistance 空气动力阻力aerofilter 空气过滤器aerograph 喷涂器aeroport 机场aerosol paint 气溶胶涂料afflux 岭afforestation construction 造林工程afforestation of city 城市绿化after air filter 二次空气过滤器after cooler 二次冷却器after hardening 后期硬化after heater 后热器after purification 后净化age hardening 时效硬化age strength relation 龄期强度关系ageing 老化ageing test 老化试验agent 附加剂agglomerate foam concrete 烧结矿渣泡沫混凝土agglomerating furnace 烧结炉agglomeration 烧结aggloporite 烧结骨料aggregate 骨料aggregate base 骨料基层aggregate batcher 骨料计量机aggregate batching plant 集料计量装置aggregate bin 集料斗aggregate blending 集料拌合aggregate cement ratio 集料水泥比aggregate coated panel 骨料涂层的镶板aggregate exposure 骨料外露aggregate gradation 骨料级配aggregate preparation plant 集料配备厂aggregate production plant 集料配备厂aggregate size 集料粒度aggregate weighing batcher 集料重量配料器aggregation 凝聚aggressive water 侵蚀性水aging proof agent 防老化剂agitating truck 混凝土搅拌汽车agitation 搅拌agitation tank 搅拌槽agitator 混合器搅拌装置;循环泵agreement 一致agreement for construction 建筑合同agreement of lease 租赁契约agricultural buildings 农业建筑agricultural town 农业城镇agro cement batcher 集料水泥配料器air blast 鼓风air breakwater 气动防波堤air brick 空心砖air brush 气刷air bubble 气泡air bulking 空气胀air change 换气air change rate 换气率air channel 风道air chimney 通风管air chute 通风道air circulation 空气循环air cleaner 空气净化器air cock 气开关air collector 空气收集器air compressor 空气压缩机air conditioned building 设有空气第的房屋air conditioner 空气第机air conditioning 空气第air conditioning load 空气第负荷air conditioning plant 空气第设备air conditioning room 空气第室air conditioning unit 空气第装置air conditions 空气状态air content 含气量air conveying 风力输送air cooled condenser 空冷式冷凝器air cooler 空气冷却器air cooling 空气冷却air curtain 空气帘air damper 空气第阀air dehumidification 空气干燥air demand 需要风量air detraining admixture 去除空气外加剂air diffuser 空气扩散器air diffusion 空气扩散air diffusion aeration 空气扩散式曝气air digger 空气式挖掘机air discharge grille 排气格栅air distribution 配风air door 通气门air draft 吸风air drain 气槽air dried lumber 气干材air drill hammer 风锥钻air drying 空气干燥air duct 通气管道air entrained agent 加气剂air entrained concrete 加气混凝土air entraining admixture 加气掺合剂air entraining cement 掺加气剂的水泥air entrainment 夹杂空气air entrainment test 夹杂空气量试验air exhaust 排气air exhaust opening 排气口air filter 空气过滤器air filtration 空气过滤air float 气动泥刀air flow 气流air flow meter 空气量计air flow switch 气撂电器air free concrete 密实混凝土air gap 空隙air hammer 空气锤air handling unit 空气第装置air hardening mortar 气硬灰浆air hardening of cement 水泥空气硬化air heater 空气加热器air heating 热风供热air hoist 气压提升机air humidification 空气加湿air humidifier 空气湿润器air humidity 空气湿度air hydraulic jack 气液千斤顶air infiltration 气渗air inflow 进气air inlet 进气孔air insulation 空气绝缘air intake shaft 进气竖井air jacket 空气套air leakage 漏气air leakage factor 漏气系数air lift 压缩空气杨水泵air lift pump 压缩空气杨水泵air lock 气闸air monitoring 大气监测air mortar 加气灰浆air outlet 排风口air output 送风量air permeability factor 空气渗透因数air pipe line 空气管路air placed concrete 喷注混凝土air placer 混凝土气力压送机air placing machine 混凝土气力压送机air pollution control 大气污染控制air preheater 空气预热器air pressure 空气压力air purification 空气净化air purifier 空气净化器air receiver 压缩空气箱air register 电器air requirement 需要风量air resistance 空气阻力air riveting hammer 空气铆锤air sampling 空气采样air setting refractory cement 气凝性耐火水泥air setting refractory mortar 气凝性耐火灰浆air space ratio 空隙比air supply 供给空气air supply grille 送风格栅air supply plant 送气装置air supply system 送风系统air supported structure 气璃承结构物air tamper 风动打夯机air temperature 气温air test 气压试验air throw 气炼射距离air tight concrete 气密混凝土air tight construction 气密构造air tight door 气密门air tight seal 气密air tight test 气密性试验air to air heat recovery unit 空气空气热交换式热回收组合机组air to air system 空气空气式空档统air to water heat exchanger 空气水热交换器air to water system 空气水第系统air tool 气动工具air treatment 空气处理air trowel 气动泥刀air ventilator 通风孔air vessel 压缩空气箱air voids 孔隙air volume control 风量第air water heat pump 空气水热力泵air winch 风动绞车airborne noise 空传噪声airless spray unit 真空喷涂装置airless spraying 真空喷涂airport facilities 飞机场设施airslide conveyor 气滑式输送机airstrip 飞机跑道airview 鸟瞰图aisle 通道alabaster 雪花石膏alarm system 警报系统alarming apparatus 警报装置aligning 对准alignment 对准alkali aggregate expansion 碱脱色alkali discoloration 因碱脱色alkali resistance 耐碱性alkali resistant glass fiber 抗碱玻璃纤维alkaline soil 碱性土壤alkaliproof paint 耐碱油漆alkyd paint 醇酸涂料all air heat pump 全空气式热力泵all air system 全空气式系统all brick building 全砖建筑all concrete frame 全混凝土框架all flanged tee 法兰三通all glass facade 全玻璃门面all in aggregate 天然混合集料all metal building 全金属建筑物all metal construction 全金属结构all outside air system 全外部空气第系统all position electrode 全位置焊条all purpose excavator 万能挖土机all purpose insulation 万能绝缘材料all purpose road 混合交通道路all purpose room 多用途房all socket cross 全带承窝的十字接头all veneer construction 全胶合板构造all welded steel structure 全焊接钢结构all wood construction 全木的建筑物allege 墙的较薄部分alley 狭径alligator shears 杠杆式剪床alligator wrench 管扳手alligatoring 龟皱裂allowable bearing pressure 容许支承压力allowable bearing value 容许承载力allowable error 容许误差allowable load 容许荷载allowable noise level 容许噪声电平allowable pile bearing load 单桩容许荷载allowable preressure 容许承载力allowable pressure 容许压力allowable stress 容许应力allowable stress design 容许应力计算allowable stresses method 容许应力法allowance 容差alloy 合金alloy steel 合金钢alluvial deposit 冲积物alteration 更迭alteration work 改建工程alternate bay construction 隔仓施工法alternate bending strength 交变弯曲强度alternate depths 共轭深度alternate design 比较设计alternate strength 交变荷重强度alternating bending test 反复弯曲实验alternating load 更迭载荷alternating load test 交替荷载试验alternating loading 更迭载荷alternating stress cycle 交变应力周期alternating stresses 交变应力altitude 高度altitude valve 水位控制阀alumina 氧化铝alumina cement 高铝水泥aluminium 铝aluminium alloy plate 铝合金板aluminium alloys 铝合金aluminium coated fabric 镀铝结构aluminium coated sheet steel 镀铝薄钢板aluminium foil 铝箔aluminium paint 铝涂料aluminium powder 铝粉aluminium trim 铝材装饰aluminized coating 铝涂层aluminizing 镀铝aluminous fire brick 铝质耐火砖aluminous sand 铝土砂amber 琥珀ambetti 装饰窗玻璃ambient air 周围空气ambient conditions 环境条件ambient medium 周围介质ambient noise 环境噪声ambient temperature 周围温度amendment 校正amenities 舒适ammonia 氨amorphous materials 无定形材料amorphous structure 无定形结构amortization 折旧amount 总值amount of evaporation 蒸发量amount of precipitation 降水量amount of rainfall 雨水量ampere 安培amphibious shovel 两栖铲土机amphibious site 水陆建筑场地amphitheater 半圆形露天剧场amplification 增幅amplitude 振幅amplitude of ground motion 地面地震振动振幅amplitude of stress 应力幅度amplitude of vibration 振幅amusement center 娱乐中心amusement park 公共游乐场analyser 分析器analysis 分析analysis by successive approximations 逐步渐近法分析analysis of sections 截面解析analysis of structures 结构分析analysis of truss joints 桁架结点分析analysis of trusses 桁架解析analysis of water 水质分析analysis table 分析项目表analytic method 解析方法anchor 锚固anchor bearing plate 锚承压板anchor block 锚块anchor bolt 锚定螺栓anchor cone 锚锥anchor device 锚固装置anchor ice 底水anchor male cone 锚式套管anchor nut 地脚螺母anchor pile 锚桩anchor plate 锚板anchor rod 锚杆anchor tie 锚拉杆anchor wall 锚定墙anchorage bond stress 锚定粘结应力anchorage by bond 靠粘接锚固anchorage device 锚具anchorage length 锚固长度anchorage of reinforcement 钢筋锚具anchorage pier 锚墩anchorage zone 锚固区域anchored bulkhead 锚定挡土板anchored retaining wall 锚固挡土墙anchored sheet pile wall 锚定板桩墙anchored type ceramic veneer 锚固型陶瓷面砖anchoring 锚固ancient architecture 古代建筑ancillary building 辅助建筑物ancone 托架anechoic chamber 消声室anemograph 自动风速计anemometer 风速计anemoscope 风向计angle 角angle bar 角铁angle bead 角条angle bending machine 弯曲机angle brace 角撑angle bracket 角铁托angle brick 角砖angle buttress 转角扶壁angle capital 角柱柱头angle cleat 角钢夹板angle clip 角钢夹板angle collar 环套角钢angle fillet 三角形盖板angle float 角镘刀angle hiptile 屋脊瓦angle iron 角钢angle iron frame 角钢构架angle joint 隅接angle lighting luminaire 斜照型照闷angle loads method 角荷载法angle of a roof 屋顶角angle of alteration 偏离角angle of bank 倾斜角angle of bend 弯头角度angle of curvature 曲率角angle of deviation 偏差角angle of displacement 位移角angle of external friction 外摩擦角angle of fall 塌落角angle of friction 摩擦角angle of incidence 入射角angle of inclination 倾斜角angle of internal friction 内磨擦角angle of reflection 反射角angle of refraction 折射角angle of repose 自然倾斜角angle of roof 屋顶斜角angle of rotation 转动角angle of scattering 散射角angle of shear 剪切角angle of slide 滑动角angle of slope 倾斜角angle of torsion 扭转角angle post 角支柱angle rafter 角椽angle tee y 型分支angle valve 角阀angledozer 斜铲推土机angular aggregate 棱角骨料angular deformation 角变形anhydrite 无水石膏anhydrite cement 无水石膏水泥anhydrous gypsum 无水石膏animal glue 动物胶annex 附属建筑annual flood 年最大量annual mean 年平均annual range of temperature 全年气温变化annual runoff 年径流annual storage reservoir 年第水库annular girder 环形梁annular vault 筒形拱顶annulet 圆箍线anodic coating 阳极敷层anta 壁角柱ante chamber 前厅antefix 瓦檐饰antenna 天线antenna mast 天线杆anteport 外大门anti drumming coating 隔声盖层anti skinning agent 防结皮剂anti vibration mounting 抗振机座anticorrosion additive 抗腐添加剂anticorrosive agent 防腐剂anticorrosive coating 防腐涂饰anticorrosive compound 防腐剂anticorrosive paint 防蚀涂料anticorrosive protection 腐蚀防止antidazzle visor 遮阳板antifoam additive 抗泡添加剂antifouling paint 防污涂料antifreeze admixture 防冻附加剂antinoise paint 消声涂料antioxidant 抗氧化剂antireflective coating 抗反射涂层antirusting agent 防锈剂antirusting paint 防锈油漆antisag agent 抗垂剂antiseepage cofferdam 防渗围堰antiseismic construction 抗震结构antiseptic 防腐剂antiseptic paper 防腐纸antislip paint 防滑漆antisymmetrical load 反对称荷载anvil 铁砧apartment 公寓apartment area 公寓式住宅区apartment building 公寓大楼apartment hotel 公寓式旅馆apartment house 公共住宅apartment house of corridor access 走廊通路公寓房屋aperture 孔口aperture of door 门口aperture of window 窗口apex 顶点apex block 顶石apex stone 顶石apparatus 仪器装置apparent cohesion 假凝聚力apparent density 表观密度apparent elastic limit 表观弹性极限apparent elastic range 表观弹性范围appearance 外貌application consistency 使用稠度application life 使用寿命application of a force 施力application of load 加载application of roofing felt 屋顶油毡涂装application of solar energy 太阳能的利用application point 酌点application techniques 涂装技术applied column 半柱applied load 外施荷载applied moment 外施力矩approach channel 进港航道approach road 引道approach span 引跨approximate analysis 近似分析appurtenances 附件apron 窗底裙墙apron wall 前护墙aquatorium 水域aqueduct 渡槽aquifer 含水层arabesque 阿拉伯式花饰arc 弧arc boutant 飞拱arc welding 电弧焊arcade 列拱arch 拱arch abutment 拱台arch apex 拱顶石arch bar 拱杆arch block 拱面石arch brick 楔形砖arch bridge 拱桥arch buttress 飞拱arch camber 拱翘起arch center 拱圈中心arch covering 拱形屋面arch dam 拱坝arch door 拱门arch falsework 楔形砖arch gravity dam 重力拱坝arch key 拱顶石arch of triumph 凯旋门arch stone 楔形砖arch structure 拱结构arch thrust 拱推力arch truss 拱形桁架arch without articulation 无铰拱arched barrel roof 筒形屋顶arched beam 拱形梁arched ceiling 穹窿arched floor 拱形楼板arched girder 拱形梁arched retaining wall 拱形挡土墙arched roof 拱形屋顶arched spillway 弧形溢吝arched window 拱窗architect 建筑师architect's office 建筑师办公处architectonics 建筑美术的architects association 建筑师协会architectural acoustics 建筑声学architectural appearance 建筑外观architectural bronze 建筑用青铜architectural coating 建筑饰面architectural complex 建筑群architectural composition 建筑构图architectural concept 建筑构思architectural concrete 装饰用混凝土architectural conservation 建筑保扩architectural construction 建筑结构architectural constructional materials 装饰建筑材料architectural decoration 建筑装饰architectural design 建筑设计architectural drawing 建筑绘图architectural engineering 建筑工程architectural finish 建筑表面装饰architectural garden 建筑庭园architectural hardware 建筑小五金architectural lighting 建筑照明architectural monument 建筑纪念碑architectural order 建筑柱式architectural park 建筑公园architectural pattern 建筑标本architectural planning 建筑规划architectural space 建筑空间architectural surface 装饰面层architectural terra cotta 建筑用陶砖architectural volume 建筑体积architecture 建筑archives 档案室archway 拱廊arcuated architecture 拱式建筑area 面积area method 面积法area of construction 建筑面积area of force 力图面积area of moments 力矩面积area of pile head 桩头面积area of rivet shaft 铆钉杆面积area of section 截面积area of steel 钢筋断面面积area of structure 建筑面积arenaceous sand 石英砂areometer 比重计argillaceous limestone 泥质石灰岩argillaceous rocks 粘土岩argillite 泥岩argillization 泥浆灌注法argon arc welding 氩弧焊arid climate 干燥气候arm 臂armature 加强料armed beam 加强梁armor hose 包皮管armor plate 防弹钢板armored cable 铠装电缆armored concrete 配筋混凝土armored concrete floor 有护面的混凝土楼板armored concrete slab 钢筋混凝土板armored glass 钢化玻璃armored plywood 铠装胶合板armored wood 包铁皮木材arrangement 排列arrangement of beams 梁布置arrangement of block 区段布置arrangement of reinforcement 钢筋排列arrester 避雷器arriere voussure 墙面内的辅助拱arris 边棱arris hiptile 屋脊瓦arris of slab 板肋arris rail 三角轨arrow diagram 网格图art 艺术art gallery 美术馆art museum 美术博物馆art of building 建筑艺术arterial drain 干线排水管arterial road 公路干线artesian head 承压水头artesian well 泉井articulated boom 铰链式臂articulated connection 活节联系articulated hinge concrete 铰接式混凝土articulated system 铰接系统artificial ageing 人工老化artificial aggregate 人工骨料artificial caoutchouc 人造橡胶artificial climate room 人造气候室artificial daylight 人工采光artificial fiber 人造纤维artificial illumination 人工照明artificial lake 人工湖artificial leather 人造皮革artificial light weight aggregate concrete 人工轻骨料混凝土artificial marble 人造大理石artificial seasoning 人工干燥artificial stone 人造石artificial ventilation 人工通风artificial weathering 加速风蚀as built drawings 竣工图as dug gravel 原状砾石as mixed concrete 新浇混凝土as placed concrete 新混凝土asbestos 石棉asbestos base asphalt felt 石棉油毡asbestos base asphalt paper 石棉油毡asbestos blanket 石棉毡asbestos board 石棉板asbestos cement 石棉水泥asbestos cement cladding 石棉水泥封装asbestos cement form board 模板用石棉水泥板asbestos cement pipe 石棉水泥管asbestos cement sheet 石棉水泥板asbestos cloth 石棉布asbestos felt 石棉毡asbestos fiber 石棉纤维asbestos fire curtain 石棉挡火幕asbestos millboard 石棉板asbestos mortar 石棉水泥灰浆砂asbestos packing 石棉填料asbestos plaster 石棉饰粉asbestos shingle 石棉瓦aseismatic construction 抗震措施aseismic design 耐震设计aseismic joint 防震缝aseismic structures 抗震结构aseptic condition 防腐条件ash concrete 灰渣混凝土ash removal 清灰ashlar 方琢石ashlar brick 面砖ashlar facing 琢石镶面ashlar masonry 琢石圬工ashlar stone facing 方石砌面ashlar work 琢石圬工ashlaring 砌琢石;阁楼立柱ashpit 灰坑aspect ratio 纵横比asphalt 石油沥青asphalt asbestos 石棉沥青混凝土asphalt base course 沥青底层asphalt binder course 沥青结合料层asphalt cement 沥青胶结料asphalt coating compound 沥青涂布复合物asphalt concrete 沥青混凝土asphalt concrete base 沥青混凝土底层asphalt concrete pavement 沥青混凝土路面asphalt covering 地沥青面层asphalt cutter 柏油铺路面切断机asphalt emulsion 沥青乳液asphalt floor 沥青地面asphalt heater 沥青加热器asphalt inntermediate course 沥青结合料层asphalt joint filler 地沥青缝填料asphalt levelling course 沥青混凝土整平层asphalt macadam 沥青碎石路asphalt mastic 地沥青粘剂asphalt membrane 沥青膜asphalt mortar 石油沥青灰浆asphalt overlay 沥青涂面层asphalt paint 沥青漆asphalt paper 沥青纸asphalt pavement structure 地沥青路面结构asphalt prime coat 沥青底漆asphalt primer 沥青底漆asphalt road 沥青路asphalt seal coat 地沥青封缝层asphalt soil stabilization 沥青稳定土asphalt tile 沥青砖asphalt varnish 沥青漆asphalt wearing course 地沥青面层asphaltic cement concrete 地沥青水泥混凝土asphaltic felt 油毛毡asphalting 浇灌沥青asphaltum 地沥青aspiration pipe 吸入管道assemblage 安装assembler 装配工assembling 安装assembling area 装配场地assembling bolt 装配螺栓assembling department 装配车间assembling drawing 装配图assembling floor 安装地面assembling tool 装配工具assembling work 安装工作assembly line 装配线assembly parts 装配件assembly room 会议室assembly stand 装配台assembly workshop 装配车间assize 圆柱石assumed load 计算载荷asymmetric structure 不对称构造asymmetrically placed load 非对称负载asymmetry 非对称at grade intersection 平面交叉at rest earth pressure coefficient 土的静压系数athletic field 运动场athletic ground 运动场atlantes 男像柱atmosphere 大气atmosphere absorption 大气吸收atmospheric condenser 常压冷凝器atmospheric monitoring 大气检验atmospheric pressure 大气压atmospheric radiation 大气辐射atmospheric steam curing 底压蒸汽养护atomic blast excavation 原子爆破开挖atomic hydrogen welding 原子氢焊接atomic power station 原子能电站atomic reactor 原子反应堆atomic reactor containment structure 原子反应堆建筑物atomization 喷雾atomization mechanism 喷雾装置atomizer 喷雾器atomizing 喷雾atomizing application 喷雾撒布atrium 前庭attached column 半柱attached garage 附加车库attenuation 衰减attenuation factor 衰减系数atterberg test 阿太保试验attic 屋顶室attic floor 屋顶室attic room 屋顶房attic tank 屋顶水箱attic window 屋顶通风窗attracting groyne 引痢坝attraction 引力attrition 磨耗auditorium 大讲堂auger 钻孔机auger backfiller 万能螺旋钻式回填机augered pile 螺旋钻孔桩autoclave 高压锅autoclaved aerated concrete 高压蒸气养护的加气混凝土autoclaved cement 热压处理过的水泥autoclaved concrete product 热压处理过的混凝土制品autoclaved light weight concrete 高压蒸气养护的轻质混凝土autoclaving 高压蒸气养护autoclaving cycle 压热痞理周期autocrane 汽车起重机autogenous curing 自热养护autogenous cutting machine 气割机autogenous healing of concrete 混凝土裂缝自行愈合autogenous shrinkage 自生收缩量autogenous volume change 自然容积变化autogenous welding 气焊autoloader 自动装卸机automatic air conditioning 自动空气第automatic air valve 自动排气阀automatic arc welding machine 自动电焊机automatic batcher 自动配料计量器automatic boiler 自动化锅炉automatic closing device 自动闭合装置automatic closing door 自动防火门automatic control valve 自动控制阀automatic cutting off table 自动切断机automatic damping batcher scale 自动式阻尼计量器automatic design 自动设计automatic detection 自动检测automatic device 自动装置automatic door 自动门automatic door operator 自动开门装置automatic electric door opener 电动式门开闭装置automatic elevator 自动升降机automatic fire alarm system 火灾自动报警系统automatic fire door 自动防火门automatic fire protection system 自动消防系统automatic fire pump 自动灭火泵automatic flushing cistern 自动冲洗水箱automatic gas fired water heater 自动煤气燃烧的水加热器automatic gate 自动闸门automatic heating 自动供热automatic opener 自动开闭门automatic oxygen cutting 自动氧气切割automatic return of water 自动回水管路automatic return trap 自动回水隔汽阀automatic siphon 自动虹吸automatic smoke detector 自动烟感器automatic sprinkler system 自动犬系统automatic weigher 自动衡量计automatic weir 自动溢吝automatic welding machine 自动焊机automation 自动化automobile 汽车automobile crane 汽车起重机autonomous city 自治城市autonomous house 有技术设施的独立住宅autosilo 具有升降机塔式汽车库autostacker 具有升降机塔式汽车库autostrada 多车道高速公路autumn 秋季auxiliary bridge 便桥auxiliary hoist 辅助起重机auxiliary prestressing 辅助预加应力auxiliary rafter 便缘auxiliary reinforcement 辅助钢筋auxiliary stairs 便梯auxiliary structure 辅助建筑物avalanche 雪崩avalanche baffle wall 防坍构筑物墙avalanche load 雪崩荷载avalanche protection dike 防坍堤avalanche protection works 雪崩阻滞工程avant corps 房屋皱凸出的一部分avenue 林荫路average annual rainfall 年平均雨量average bond stress 平均粘结应力average error 平均误差average flow 平均量average grade 平均坡度average load 平均负荷average temperature 平均温度averge illumination 平均照度awakened cement 更生水泥awakened concrete 更生混凝土awl 尖锥awning 遮篷awning blind 遮阳百叶窗awning window 上缘折叶遮篷窗axe 斧子axed work 琢石axhammer 锤斧axia strain 轴向变化axial compression 轴向压力axial deformation 轴向变化axial flow fan 轴两通风机axial force diagram 轴向力图axial load 轴向荷载axial moment of inertia 轴向惯性矩axial prestressing 轴向预加应力axial restraint 轴向固定axial section 轴向剖面axial stress 轴应力axial tension 轴向拉力axial tensioning 轴向预加应力axis 轴axis of abscissas 横轴axis of gravity 重力轴axis of ordinates 纵座标轴axis of projection 投影轴axis of rotation 旋转轴axis of symmetry 对称轴axisymmetrical loading 轴对称荷重axle load 轴荷载axonometric projection 轴测投影axonometric view 轴侧投影azimuth 方位角。

心理学专业英语词汇A

心理学专业英语词汇A

心理学专业英语词汇(A1)A 埃A 调幅A 型性格A D 公元A factor A 因素A factor 抽象因素A fair days work 合理的日工作量A light source A 光源a posterior 后验的a posteriori 经验的A Q 成绩商数A reaction A 反应A type personality A 型人格A B XA chromosomeA SA typeAA 成就年龄AAA 急性焦虑发作abacus 算盘abacus 珠算abandonment of aged 弃老abandonment reaction 遗弃感abandonment threat 抛弃威胁abarognosia 辨重不能abase 自卑abasement 贬抑abasia 步瘫症abasia 步行失能ABBA order ABBAAbbe condenser 阿贝氏聚焦镜abbe effect 神父效应abbreviated drawing 简图abbreviated formula 简写式ABC method ABCABC of reaction time 反应时ABC ABC of sense impression 初步感觉印象abderite 愚笨者abdomen 腹部abdominal breath 腹内呼吸abdominal ganglion 腹神经节abdominal reflex 腹壁反射abdominal wall 腹壁abducent nerve 外展神经abduction 外展abductor 外展肌abecedarian 初学者abecedarian 字母的abepithymia 感情淡漠aberglaube 迷信aberrance 畸变aberrance 离轨aberrant behavior 异常行为aberrant 畸变aberration of light 光行差aberration rate 畸变率aberration 像差aberrometer 像差计abhor 憎恶abhorrence 憎恶abhorrent to reason 反理性的abhorrer 嫌恶者abient behavior 回避行为abient drive 回避驱力abient response 回避反应ability characteristics 能力特征ability compensation 能力补偿ability development 能力发展!能力发展ability distribution 能力分配ability group 能力组ability grouping 能力分组ability level 能力水平ability of cognizance 认知能力ability of imagination 想象力ability of managers 管理者的能力ability of memory 记忆力ability of taking criminal responsibility 刑事责任能力ability of thinking 思维能力ability rating 能力分等ability test 能力测验ability trait 能力特质ability taskability 能力abiogenesis 自然发生说abiogenist 自然发生论者abionergy 生活力缺损abiophysiology 无机生理学abiosis 生活力缺损abiotic surround 无生命环境abiotic 无生命的abirritation 应激性减弱Abklingen 残留感觉ablation 切除ablaze 激昂able bodiedablepsia 视觉缺失ablush 脸红ablutomania 清洗癖abmodality 感觉形态异常abmodality 异相abnegate 放弃abnegation 放弃abnerval current 离神经电流Abney effect 艾比尼效应abnormal behavior 变态行为abnormal behavior 异常行为abnormal child 异常儿童abnormal condition 异常条件abnormal curve 非常态曲线abnormal distribution 非正态分布abnormal end 异常终止abnormal fertilization 异常受精abnormal fixation 变态固著abnormal habitude 异常习惯abnormal impulse work 异常工作欲abnormal metabolism 异常代谢abnormal mind of convict 罪犯异常心理abnormal mind 异常心理abnormal personality 变态人格abnormal phenomena 异常现象abnormal psychology 变态心理学abnormal results 异常结果abnormal sensation 感觉异常abnormal series 非正规列abnormal sexual behavior 性行为异常abnormal sexuality 变态性欲变态性 abnormal spoilage 非正常损失abnormal time 异常时间abnormal 异常的abnormality 变态性abnormity 异常性ABO blood group ABOABO system ABOabolition of reflex 反射消失abominate 厌恶abomination 厌恶abominator 嫌恶者abort 发育不全abortion 流产abortive 发育不全的aboulia 丧志症aboulia 意志缺失aboulomania 意志缺失狂above threshold 阈上Abrahamsen sabreaction 情绪发泄abridged learning 简括学习abridgment of response 反应的精简abridgment of table 简化表格abrogate 扬弃abruption 断裂abscissa axis 横轴abscissa 横坐标abscission 截断abscission 切除absence of mind 心不在焉absence of restrictions 无约束absence 失神absent behavior 回避行为absent response 回避反应absent mindedabsent mindednessabsent mindednessabsenteeism 旷工absenteeism 缺席absentia epileptic 癫痫性失神absentia 失神absolute activity 绝对的活动absolute advantages 绝对优势absolute and relative 绝对和相对absolute atmosphere 绝对气压absolute being 绝对存在absolute brilliance limen 绝对明度阈限absolute certitude 绝对确定性absolute chance 绝对的偶然absolute choice 绝对选择absolute cognitive consciousness 绝对的认知意识absolute concept 绝对概念absolute construction 独立结构absolute difference 绝对差绝对差absolute discrimination 绝对辨别absolute dispersion 绝对离差绝对离差absolute diversity 绝对多样性absolute ego 绝对自我absolute electrostatic unit 绝对静电单位absolute equality 绝对平等absolute error 绝对误差absolute evaluation 绝对评价absolute existence 绝对存在absolute extremes 绝对极限absolute field 绝对区absolute freedom 绝对自由absolute grading standards 绝对评分标准absolute humidity 绝对湿度absolute idea 绝对观念absolute identity 绝对同一absolute idiocy 完全白痴absolute impression 绝对印象absolute intelligence 绝对灵性absolute judgment 绝对判断absolute knowledge 绝对知识absolute lethal genes 完全致死基因absolute light threshold 绝对光觉阈限absolute limen 绝对阈限absolute localization 绝对定位absolute luminosity 绝对明度absolute magnitude 绝对量absolute mass unit 绝对质量单位absolute measurement 绝对测量absolute memory 绝对记忆absolute mind 绝对精神absolute morality 绝对道德absolute motion parallax 绝对运动视差absolute nothing 绝对空无absolute notion 绝对概念absolute number 绝对数absolute pitch 绝对音高absolute principle 绝对原则absolute property 绝对性质absolute reaction 绝对反应absolute reason 绝对理性absolute refractory period 绝对不应期absolute scale 绝对量表absolute scaling 绝对量表法absolute self 绝对自我absolute selfhood 绝对我性absolute sensitivity 绝对感受性absolute skepticism 纯粹怀疑论absolute space 绝对空间absolute specificity 绝对特性absolute spirit 绝对精神absolute symmetry 绝对对称absolute temperature 绝对温度absolute term 绝对项absolute threshold 绝对阈限absolute time 绝对时间absolute truth 绝对真理absolute value error 绝对值误差absolute value 绝对值absolute visual field 绝对视野absolute zero 绝对零点absolute 绝对absolutely infinite intellect 绝对无限的理智absolutely minimal design 绝对最小设计absolutely supernatural 绝对超自然absolutely unbiassed estimator 绝对无偏估计量absoluteness 绝对性absolutism 绝对论absolutism 专制主义absolutist 专制主义者absolutist 绝对论者absolutistic hypothesis 绝对论假设absolutization 绝对化absorb 承受absorb 吸收absorbability 可吸收性absorbable 可吸收的absorbing model 吸收模型absorption law 吸收律absorption 吸收absorption 专注abstemious 有节制的abstention 戒绝abstinence delirium 禁戒谵妄abstinence phenomenon 禁戒现象abstinence rule 禁戒规则abstinence 禁戒abstract ability 抽象能力abstract attitude 抽象态度abstract behavior 抽象行为abstract being 抽象的存在abstract category 抽象范畴abstract code 抽象码abstract concept 抽象概念abstract conception 抽象概念abstract conceptualization 抽象概念化abstract definition 抽象定义abstract drive 抽象驱力abstract entities 抽象本质abstract entities 抽象存在abstract generalization 抽象概论abstract ideal theory 抽象理想论abstract ideas 抽象观念abstract intelligence 抽象智力abstract knowledge 抽象知识abstract memory 抽象记忆abstract method 抽象法abstract model 抽象模型abstract names 抽象名称abstract number 抽象数abstract objects 抽象客体abstract perception 抽象知觉abstract reasoning 抽象推理abstract science 理论科学abstract set 抽象定势abstract space 抽象空间abstract term 抽象术语abstract thinking 抽象思维abstract thought 抽象思考abstract analogabstracted 抽象的abstracting power 抽象能力abstracting process 抽象化过程abstraction cognition 抽象认识abstraction experiment 抽象实验abstraction factor 抽象因素abstraction 抽象作用abstractness 抽象性absurd world 荒谬世界absurdity test 挑错测验absurdity 荒唐行为abulia 丧志症abulia 意志缺失abulomania 意志缺乏性精神障碍abundance motive 富裕动机abuse 妄用abysmal 深不可测的academia 学术界academic ability grouping 学科能力分组academic achievement predict 学术成就预测academic achievement test 学业成绩测验academic achievement 学术成就academic activities 学术活动academic aptitude test 学业能力倾向测验academic aptitude 学术能力倾向academic atmosphere 学业风气academic attainment 学力academic environment 学习环境academic freedom 学术自由学术自由academic grouping 学科分组academic intelligence 学术智力academic motivation 学习动机academic overachievement 学科高成就academic overachiever 学科高成就者academic problem 学术问题Academic Promise Test 学业前途测验academic psychology 经院心理学academic research 学术研究Academic Risk Taking Scale 学业冒险性行为量表academic success 学科成就academic underachievement 学科低成就academic underachiever 学科低成就者academic writing 学术著作Academy of Psychosomatic Medicine 身心医学学会acalculia 计算不能acalculia 失算症acarophobia 恐虫症acataleptic 智能缺陷的acatamathesia 理解力缺乏acataphasia 造句型失语症acatastasia 反常acathexis 精神贯注不能acathisia 静坐不能Acc R 成绩比率accelerated child 跳级学童accelerated curve 递升曲线accelerated natural process 加速的自然进程accelerated reaction 加速反应accelerated speech 加速言语accelerated student 跳级生accelerating center 加速中枢accelerating tolerance 加速度耐力acceleration center 加速中枢acceleration control tracking 加速控制追踪acceleration effect 加速度效应acceleration of gravity 重力加速度acceleration of growth 加速生长acceleration of vibration 振动加速度acceleration trend 加速倾向acceleration 加速acceleration 速进制accelerator nerve 加速神经accelerometer 加速计accentuation 加强acceptability 可接受性acceptable hypothesis 可接受假设acceptable limit 允许界限acceptable quality level 可接受的品质水平acceptable variant 可接受的变换acceptable 可接受的acceptance latitude 接受幅度acceptance region 接受区域acceptance theory of authority 权威接受理论acceptance therapy 接受治疗法acceptance 接受acceptance 认可acceptant 易接受的accepted 认可的acceptor site 受体部位acceptor RNAacceptor 感受器access circuit 存取电路accessibility 可进入性accessibility 易接近accessible 易接近的accessory auditory nucleus 副听核accessory nerve 副神经accessory organ 副器官accessory pigment 辅色素accessory sense apparatusaccessory sex structures 副性结构accessory sound muscle 副发音肌accessory symptoms 附加症状accessory thyroid gland 副甲状腺accessory 附属的accident analysis 事故分析accident behavior 意外行为accident domino theory 事故多米诺说accident error 意外误差accident neurosis 事故性神经病accident prevention 事故预防accident proneness 事故倾向性accident rate 事故率accident reduction strategy 减少事故策略accident repeater 易肇事者accident stimulus 意外刺激accident proneaccident relatedaccident 事故accidental activation of controls 控制器的偶发启动accidental attribute 偶有属性accidental contingency of reinforcement 偶然后效强化accidental count 偶然计数accidental crisis 意外危机accidental error 偶然性误差accidental event 偶然事件accidental evolution 机遇性进化accidental fluctuation 偶然波动accidental form 偶然形式accidental generalization 偶然概括accidental homosexuality 偶然性同性恋accidental image 意外心像accidental movement 偶然变动accidental probability 偶然概率accidental property 偶有属性accidental proposition 偶然性命题accidental relations 偶然关系accidental resemblance 偶同accidental sameness 偶然的同一accidental sampling 随意抽样accidental teaching method 偶然教学法accidental variation 偶然变异accidentalism 偶然论acclimation to heat and cold 身体对冷热的适应acclimation 服水土acclimation 习服acclimatization 适应过程acclimatization 习服acclimatize 适应accommodate 调节accommodating 迁就accommodation of information 信息调节accommodation reflex 调适反射accommodation time 调适时间accommodation 调节accommodation 顺化accommodometer 调节计accompaniment 伴随物accompanying movement 伴发运动accomplishment quotient 成绩商数accomplishment rate 成绩比率accomplishment test 成绩测验accord development 和谐发展accord 和谐accordance 一致account 论述accountability 责任性accountable 可说明的accountable 有责任的accretion learning 附加学习acculturate 受同化acculturated trait 涵化特质acculturation 涵化accumulated error 累积误差accumulated value 累加值accumulation body 贮体accumulation hypothesis of impulse 冲动的积累假说accumulation level 累积水平accumulation method 累积法accumulation of rounding errors 舍入误差的积累accumulation 积累accumulative effect 累积效应accumulative estimation 累积估计accumulative perception 累积百分比accumulative play 累积型游戏accuracy in computations 计算正确性accuracy of action 动作的准确性accuracy of data 资料正确性accuracy of estimation 估计正确性accuracy score 正确分数accuracy test 准确性测验accuracy 准确性accurate inquiry 审问accurateness 正确度accusation 非难accuse 非难accustom 使习惯accustomization 适应ACE 肾上腺皮质浸膏acedia 淡漠性忧郁症acenesthesia 机体失认症acentric 非中枢的acerb 尖刻的acerbate 激怒acerbity 尖刻acerbral tonusacervulus 松果体石acetone body 酮体acetophenazine 乙酰非那嗪acetoxycycloheximide 乙酸环已基酰亚胺acetylcholine 乙酰胆碱acetylcholinesterase 乙酰胆碱脂酶Ach 乙酰胆碱achalasia 弛缓不能acharnement 残暴AChE 乙酰胆碱脂酶acheilous 无唇的achieved role 获得性角色achieved status 获得的地位achieved 获得的achievement age 成就年龄achievement battery 成就成套测验achievement difference of learning 学习成就的差异achievement drive 成就驱力achievement ethic 成就伦理成就伦理achievement identity 成就自认成就自认achievement index 成就指数achievement measure 成绩测量achievement motivation theories 成就动机理论achievement motivation 成就动机achievement motive 成就动机achievement need 成就需要achievement oriented 成就取向achievement quotient 成就商数achievement score 成就分数achievement test 成就测验achievement orientedachievement testachievement 成就Achillean 阿奇里斯般勇敢的Achilles reflex 阿奇里斯反射Achilles tendon reflex 跟腱反射achloropsia 绿色盲绿色盲achluophobia 黑暗恐怖症achondroplasia 软骨发育不全症achondroplastic dwarf 软骨发育不全性侏儒achrematopisa 全色盲achromasia 全色盲achromate 色盲者achromatic color 非彩色achromatic sensation 明暗感觉achromatic series 非彩色系列achromatic vision 非彩色视觉achromatic 非彩色的achromatin 非染色质非染色质achromatism 全色盲全色盲achromatognosia 色觉失认症achromatopia 全色盲achromatopsia 全色盲achromatous 无色的achromic 无色的acicula 针刺acid conditioned reaction 酸条件反应acid reaction 酸反应acid reflex 酸反射acinesia 运动不能acknowledge 承认acknowledgment 自认acme 顶点acmesthesia 尖锐感觉acoasma 耳鸣acoasma 幻听acoenesthesiaacolasia 病态放纵aconative 意向缺失aconuresis 小便失禁acoria 不饱症acortan 促皮质素acouasm 耳鸣acouasm 幻听acouesthesia 听觉acoumeter 听觉计acoumetry 听力测验法acousma 听幻觉acousmatagnosis 辨音不能acousmatamnesia 听觉性健忘症acoustic agnosia 听觉失知症acoustic analysor1 声音分析器acoustic aphasia 听觉性失语acoustic apparatus 听觉器官acoustic area 听觉区acoustic bearing 声向位acoustic code 声码acoustic coding 声音编码acoustic cue 听觉线索acoustic delay line 声延迟线acoustic epithelium 听上皮acoustic features 声学特征acoustic frequency generator 声频发生器acoustic frequency 声频acoustic ganglion 听神经节acoustic hypoesthesia 听觉减退acoustic information storage 听觉信息储存acoustic information 声音信息acoustic input device 声音输入装置acoustic labyrinth 听迷路acoustic memory 听觉记忆acoustic nerve 听神经acoustic phobia 恐音响症acoustic phonetics 听觉发音学acoustic pressure level 声压级acoustic pressure 声压acoustic radiation 听觉辐射acoustic reactance 声抗acoustic redundancy 听觉冗余性acoustic reflex 听觉反射acoustic resonance 共鸣acoustic shadow 声影acoustic spectrum 声谱acoustic spot 听斑acoustic stimuli 听觉刺激acoustic transmission system 声学传播系统acoustic facialacoustic lateralacoustic 声的acoustical conductivity 声导性acoustical interferometer 声干扰仪acoustical ohm 声欧姆acoustical resonator 共鸣器acoustical sensation 听觉acoustical signal 声音信号acoustical treatment 声学处理acoustical 声的acousticopalpebral reflex 声音眼睑反射acousticophobia 恐声音症acoustics 声学acoutometer 听力计听力计acquaint with data 熟悉数据acquaint 使熟悉acquaintance process 相识过程acquaintance 认识acquaintance 熟悉acquiesce 默许acquiescence 默从acquiescent responseacquire 取得acquired alexia 后天失读症acquired astigmatism 后天性散光acquired attitude 习得态度acquired behavior 习得行为acquired belief 习得信念acquired character 习得特性acquired characteristics 习得特性acquired cue value 获得线索值acquired deafness 后天性聋acquired dementia 后天痴呆acquired disease 后天病acquired distinctiveness of cues 线索的习得明显性acquired drive 获得内驱力acquired dyslexia 获得性阅读不能acquired epilepsy 后天性癫痫acquired equivalence of cues 线索习得等同性acquired idea 习得观念习得观念acquired incentive 习得激励acquired learning skill 习得的学习技能acquired need 习得需要acquired reflex 习得反射acquired releasing mechanism 获得性释放机制acquired releasing schema 获得性释放构系acquired resistance 获得抗病性acquired response 习得反应acquired role 习得角色acquired tendency 获得倾向acquired trait 获得的特质acquired 习得的习得的acquirement 学识学识acquiring knowledge thoroughly 贯通acquisition curve 习得曲线acquisition model 获得模式acquisition of sex typeacquisition of skill 技能习熟acquisition test 习得检查acquisition 获得获得acquisitive curve 习得曲线acquisitive impulse 贪得的冲动acquisitive instinct 获取本能acquisitive society 贪得的社会acquisitiveness 获取性获取性acragnosis 肢体感觉缺失acritical 不批评的acroaesthesia 肢端敏感症acroagnosia 肢端失知症acroanesthesia 肢端麻木acrodynia 肢痛症acroesthesia 感觉过敏症acrognosis 肢体感acrokinesia 运动过多acrokinesis 肢端动觉acromania 重躁狂acromegaly 末端肥大症acromegaly 肢端过大acromicria 先天肢端畸小acromyotonia 肢肌强直acroneurosis 肢体神经官能症acroparalysis 肢麻痹acroparesthesia 肢端感觉异常acrophobia 高处恐怖症acrophobia 恐高症acroteric 末梢的act and reaction 作用与反作用act assessment 动作评定act frustration 行动挫折act of attention 注意集中act of categorization 分类活动act of faith 信仰行动act of god 不可抗力act psychologyact habitact 行动ACTH 促肾上腺皮质激素actin 肌动蛋白acting in 动作显露acting out 行acting teaching 主动教学法actinomycin 放线菌素放 菌素actinoneuritis 放射性神经炎action and counteraction 作用与反作用action at distance 超距作用action by contact 接触作用action compulsive 动作强迫性action concept 动作概念动作概念action current reflex 动作电流反射action current 动作电流动作电流action development 动作发展action error 动作误差action exercise 动作练习action feedback 动作反馈action form 动作形式action frame of reference 参考行动架构action group 行动群体action imitation 动作模仿action interpretation 动作解释action language 动作语言action modeling 动作示范action need 活动需要action of stereotype 刻板动作action orientation 动作定向action pattern 动作模式action potential 动作电位action principle 作用量原理action profile 行动剖析action reports 执行报告action research 行动研究action set 动作定势action space 行为空间action stability 动作稳定性action system 动作系统action tendencies 行动倾向action theory 活动说action thinking 动作思维action time 动作时间action triggered language 动作引发的语言action unit 动作单元action zone 主动区action orientedaction orientedaction specificaction timeaction 动作activate 激活activated epilepsy 诱发性癫痫activated sleep 活动性睡眠activated stateactivating system 激动系统activation center 激活中心activation energy 活化能activation index 活化指数activation level 激活水平activation of learning motivation 学习动机的激发activation pattern 激动模式activation process 激活过程activation ratio 活化比activation theory of emotion 情绪激活理论activation theory 激活理论activation synthesisactivation 激活activational effect 引发性效应activator 激活剂active adaptation 活动性适应active analysis 活动分析active analytic psychotherapy 主动分析心理治疗法active articulator 积极发音器官active attention 活动注意active avoidance 积极躲避active avoidance 主动回避active castration complex 主动阎割情结active center 活力中心active complex 活动情结active consciousness 主动意识active constraint 起作用的约束active delirium 躁狂性谵妄active directive 积极教导active electrodeactive element 主动元素active euthanasia 主动安乐死active exercise 自动运动active fantasying 主动幻想治疗active forgetting 自动遗忘active homing 主动接近active imagination 主动想象力active inhibition 主动抑制active intellect 能动的智慧active language 主动语言active learning 积极学习active living process 能动的生命过程active negativism 主动抗拒性active orientation 主动取向active participation 主动参与active potency 主动潜能active principle 主动原则active public 积极的公众active qi gong 动气功active reaction 主动反应active reason 能动的理性active recall 主动回忆active region 作用区active responding 积极反应active role 积极任务active schedule 活动一览表active search theory 主动探索理论active set 作用集active site 活性部位active sleep theory 主动睡眠理论active society 积极的社会active speech 主动言语active stimulus 有效刺激active testimony 主动作证主动作证active therapy 主动疗法active transfer 主动传递active type 活泼型active variable 主动变量active vocabulary 主动词汇active passiveactive resistiveactive 活动性activeness 主观能动性activism 能动性activist point of view 能动主义观点activist psychology 能动心理学activist 行为能动论者activity analysis problem 行动分析问题activity analysis 活动分析activity cage 活动笼activity concept 活动概念activity curriculum 活动课程activity cycle 活动周期activity dimension 活动维度activity drive 活动驱力activity factor 活动因素activity inventory 活动记录activity learning 活动学习activity level method 动量法activity level 活动水平activity log 活动日志activity method of teaching 活动教学法activity need 活动需求activity of personalityactivity optimization 活动方式最佳化activity pattern 活动模式activity quotient 活动商数activity rating 活动评等activity sampling 活动抽样activity system 活动系统activity theory of aging 老年活动论activity theory of learning 学习活动论activity theory 活动论activity therapy 活动疗法activity dependentactivity groupactivity interviewactivity playactivity wheelactivity wheelactivity 活动actograhy 动作记录法actograph 动作记录器actometer 活动度测量计actor observeractor 男演员actor 行事者actual anxiety 真实性焦虑actual being 实在actual conflict 真实冲突actual entity 现实实有actual frequency 实际频率actual hour 实际时间actual leader 实际领袖actual life 实际寿命actual limit 实际限度actual measurement 真实量度actual mechanical process 实际操作过程actual neurosis 真实神经症actual number 实际数actual numerical value 实际数值actual parameter 实际参数actual population 实际人口actual power 有效功率actual range 实际范围actual rate of growth 实际增长率actual self 现实我actual survey work 实际调查工作actual survey 实际调查actual time 实际时间actual value 实际值actual working rate 实际劳动率actual 真实的actualism 现实主义actualist 现实论者actuality philosophy 现实哲学actuality 现实性actualization 现实化actualized reason 实现了的理性actualizing therapy 实现治疗法actuarial prediction 统计预测actuation 开动actuator 执行机构acuity 敏度aculeus 皮刺acumen 敏锐acumeter 听觉计acupuncture anesthesia 针刺麻醉acupuncture 针灸术acute alcoholic hallucinosis 急性酒精幻觉症acute alcoholic intoxication 急性酒精中毒acute alcoholism 急性酒精中毒acute anxiety 急性焦虑acute brain syndrome 急性脑综合症acute confusional state 急性困惑状态acute confusional 急性精神错乱acute dementia 急性痴呆acute depression 急性抑郁症acute disseminated encephalomyelitis 急性感染后脑脊髓炎acute distress syndrome 急性忧伤综合症acute effect 急性效应acute experiment 急性实验acute fatigue 急性疲劳acute hallucinatory mania 急性幻觉性躁狂acute hallucinatory paranoia 急性幻觉性妄想狂acute hallucinosis 急性幻觉症acute hunger state 急性饥饿状态acute intoxication 急性中毒acute mania 急性躁狂acute paranoia 急性偏执狂acute postinfection encephalom yelitis 急性感染后脑脊髓炎acute psychogenic reaction 急性心因性反应acute psychosis 急性精神症acute psychotic episodeacute schizophrenia 急性精神分裂症acute schizophrenic episode 急性精神分裂症性插话acute situation reaction 急性情境反应acute stress reaction 急性压力反应acute 急性的acyanoblepsia 蓝色盲ad absurd reasoning 归谬推理ad hoc hypothesis 特设性假设ad hoc rule 特定规则ad hoc way 特定方式ad hoc 特别AD 平均差adage 谚语Adami sAdams Stokesadaptability test 适应性测验adaptability 适应性adaptability 顺应性adaptable 适应性强的adaptation character 适应特性adaptation level 适应水平adaptation level theory 适应水平论adaptation norm 适应规范adaptation reaction 适应性反应adaptation response 适应性反应adaptation syndrome 适应综合症adaptation theory 适应论适应论adaptation time 适应时间adaptation to darkness 暗适应adaptation to end 适应目的adaptation to imprisonment 监狱适应adaptation tolerance 适应耐性adaptation trial 适应尝试adaptation 适应adapted culture 适应性文化adapted information 适应性知识adapted 适应的adapter molecule 衔接分子adapter 转接器adaption 适应adaptive act 适应活动Adaptive Behavior Scale 适应行为量表adaptive behavior 适应行为adaptive capacity 适应能力adaptive character 适应特性adaptive coloration 适应色adaptive compensation 适应补偿adaptive conformity 适应性从众adaptive control 适应性控制adaptive convergence 趋同适应adaptive crisis 适应危机adaptive decision makingadaptive delinquency 适应型犯罪adaptive differentiationadaptive dispersion 适应分散adaptive evolution 适应进化adaptive facultyadaptive feedback control 适应性反馈控制adaptive flexibility 适应的灵活性adaptive form 适应类型adaptive mechanism 顺应机制adaptive norm 适应规范adaptive optimal control 最优适应adaptive optimization 适应最优化adaptive peak 适应高峰adaptive phase 适应阶段adaptive process 适应过程adaptive program 适应性程adaptive reaction 适应反应adaptive regression 适应退化adaptive sampling 适应性抽样adaptive selection 适应选择adaptive strategy 适应策略adaptive strategy 因应策略adaptive subsystem 顺应子系统adaptive testing 适应性测验adaptive time 适应时间adaptive training 适应训练adaptive value 适应值adaptive 适应的adaptivity 适应性adaptometer 适应测量器ADC 线索的习得明显性ADD 注意缺失紊乱add pulse 加法脉冲addaverter 方法转换器addict 成瘾者addiction research 反毒瘾研究addiction 成瘾addiction 嗜好addictive behavior 成瘾行为addictive personality 毒瘾性格addictive personality6 成瘾人格adding mechanism 加法机制adding model 总和论Addison sadditament 附加物addition mixture 加法混色addition of class 类的加法addition of probabilities 概率的加算addition test 加算测验addition 加法additional pollution 增添污染additive color mixture 相加混色additive effect 累加效应additive factors method 附加因素法additive factors 附加因素additive mixture 相加混色additive model 相加模型additive operation 加法运算additive process 加法过程additive property of chi square additive property 可加性additive reaction 加成反应additive scale 相加量表additive 附加的additivity of means 平均数可加性additivity of probability 概率可加性additivity of X 2additivity 可加性adduce 引证adduction 内受作用ADEM 急性感染后脑脊髓炎adenalgia 腺痛adenasthenia 腺机能衰弱adendritic 无树突的adenectomy 腺切除术adenectopia 腺异位adenitis 腺炎adenocarcinoma 腺癌adenocele 腺囊肿adenohypersthenia 腺机能亢进adenohypophysis 腺性垂体adenoma 腺瘤adenoncus 腺肿大adenoneural 腺神经的adenopathy 腺病adenosine diphosphate 二磷酸腺苷adenosine triphosphate 腺苷三磷酸adenosine 腺苷adenosis 腺病adequacy 适合性adequate cause 充分动因adequate response 适当反应adequate sample 适足样本adequate stimulus 适度刺激adequate variability 适应变异性adequate variation 适应变异ADH 抗利尿激素adiaphanous 不透明的adiaphorism 中庸adience 接近趋向adient behavior 趋近行为adient response 趋近反应adipose cell 脂肪细胞adipose gland 脂腺adipose tissue 脂肪组织adiposis 肥胖症adipsia 不渴症adipsia 失饮症adjacency 接近性adjacent association 邻近联想Adjective Check List 形容词检核表adjective check list 形容词检选表adjective gland 附加腺adjourning 中止阶段adjunctive behavior 附属行为adjunctive program 补充作业adjunctive 附属性质adjust 调整adjustable mask 可调屏幕adjusted rate 修正率adjusted solution 调整溶液adjustment disorder 适应性疾病adjustment failure 适应失败adjustment inventory 适应量表adjustment level 顺应水平adjustment mechanism 调整机制adjustment mechanism 适应方式adjustment method 调整法adjustment phase 调整期adjustment procedure 适应法adjustment process 调整过程adjustment reaction 适应反应adjustment system 调整系统adjustment time 调整时间adjustment to school 学校适应adjustment 调整adjustment 适应adjustor 调整器adjustor 适应器顺应器adjutant therapy 辅助治疗法Adler sAdlerian groups 阿德勒团体Adlerian psychology 阿德勒心理学Adlerian psychotherapy 阿德勒心理治疗法adlumidine 紫罂粟次碱adlumine 紫罂粟碱admeasure 分配adminicle 辅助administer 管理administration behavior 管理行为administration by different levels 分级管理administration function of test 测验的管理功能administration route 处理途径administration section 管理部门administration 管理administration 行政Administrative Aptitude Test 行政职业能力测验administrative channel 行政渠道administrative control 行政控制administrative function of test 测验的管理功能administrative man 管理人administrative organization 管理机构administrative organization 行政组织administrative procedure 管理程序administrative reliability 施测信度administrative staff 管理人员administrative unit 行政单位administrator 管理人员admiration 羡慕admissibility 容许性admissible action 容许行动admissible condition 容许条件admissible control 容许控制admissible error 容许误差admissible hypothesis 容许假设admissible mark 及格分数admissible mark 容许符号admissible parameter 容许参数admissible test 容许检定admission age 入学年龄admission criteria 录取标准admission qualification 入学资格admission requirement 入学标准admission 容许进入admit 容许admittance 接纳admonition 告诫adnerval 近神经的adolescence moratorium 青年期延缓adolescence 青年期adolescent age 青年期adolescent behavior 青少年行为adolescent characteristics 青年期特征adolescent crisis 青年期危机adolescent culture 青年文化adolescent dementia 青春期痴呆adolescent depression 青年期抑郁adolescent development 青少年发展adolescent education 青少年教育adolescent growth spurt 青少年发育急速期adolescent identity formation 青年期同一性形成adolescent insanity 青少年期精神错乱adolescent needs 青年期需要adolescent problems 青少年问题adolescent psychiatry 青春期精神病学adolescent psychology 青少年心理学。

专业英语练习卷 A(答案)

专业英语练习卷 A(答案)

《专业英语(自动化)》复习卷A卷一.Put the following words and phrases into English or chinese. (20*1=20)1.电路circuit 2.控制系统Control system 3.元件component 4.电压voltage 5.电流current 6.欧姆定律Ohm’s Low 7.开关switch 8.指针needle 9.螺丝刀Scrow driver 10.引脚pin 11.Strip条纹12.Intergrated circuit集成电路13.chip晶片14.sensor传感器15.maintenance维护16.actuator执行器17.joint关节18.servomotor伺服电机19.telerobot遥控机器人20.gripper夹爪二.C hoose one word from the word list below to fill in the blank in each of thefollowing sentences. (20*1=20)1)Digital 2)analog, 3)positive 4)common 5)a function switch 6)a range switch 7)extended ranges of voltage 8)dc and ac9)current 10) resistanceA multimeter is a general-purpose meter capable of measuring 8 voltage,9 , 10 , and in some cases, decibels. There are two types of meters: 2 using a standard meter movement with a needle (see Fig 3.1(a)), and , with an 1 electronic numerical display (see Fig 3.1(b)).Both types of meters have a 3 (+) jack and a 4 jack (-) for the test leads, 5 to select dc voltage, ac voltage, dc current, ac current, or ohms and 6 for accurate readings. The meters may also have other jacks to measure 7 (1 to 5 kV) and current (up to 10A) there are some variations to the functions used for specific meters.1)Resistance 2)placed across (in parallel) 3)be removed4)in series with 5)mechanical adjust 6)automatic indicator5)properly 8) test leads 9)correct 10)be openedBesides the function and range switches (sometimes they are in a single switch.) The analog meter may have a polarity switch to facilitate reversing the test leads. The needle usually has a screw for 5 to set it to zero and also a zero adjust control to compensate for weakening batteries when measuring 1 . An analog meter can read positive and negative voltage by simply reversing the 8 or moving the polarity switch. A digital meter usually has an 6 for polarity on its display.Meters must be 7connected to a circuit to ensure a 9 reading. A voltmeter is always 2 the circuit or component to be measured. When measuring current, the circuit must 10 and the meter inserted 4 the circuit or component to be measured. When measuring the resistance of a component in a circuit, the voltage to the circuit must 3 and the meter placed in parallel with the component.三.Read the following passage and answer the questions.(5*8=40)RobotsRobots produce mechanical motion that,in most cases,results in manipulation or locomotion.For example,industrial robots manipulate parts or tools to perform manufacturing tasks such as material handing,welding,spray painting,or assembly;automated guided vehicles are used for transporting materials in factories and warehouses.Telerobots provide astronauts with large mainipulators for remotely performing spacecraft maintenance.Robots perform repetitive,high-precision operations 24 hours a day without fatigue.Robots on this automobile assembly line weld body parts together.The General Motors corporation uses about 16,000 robots to weld,assemble,and paint automobiles.Walking robots explore active volcanoes.Mechanical characteristics for robots include degrees of freedom of movement,size and shape of the operatingspace,stiffness and strength of the structure ,lifting capacity,velocity ,and acceleration under load.Performance measures include repeatability and accuracy of positioning,speed,and freedom from vibration.A robot is made up of sensors,actuators,and computatlonal elements(a microprocessor).Actuators for moving joints of a robot are usually electric servomotors.In the past ,larger robots were built with hydraulic actuation due to their high payload capacity and ability to work in explosion-prone environments.In the 1990s,there was a trend by the major manufacturers to use electric actuators in most of their industrial robots.A robot is an automatically controlled, reprogrammable, multipurpose, manipulating machine with several reprogrammable axes, which may be either fixed in place or mobile for use in industrial automation applications.The key words are reprogrammable and multipurpose because most single-purpose machines do not meet these two requirements. The term “reprogrammable” implies two things: The robot operates according to a written program, and this program can be rewritten to accommodate a variety of manufacturing tasks. The term “multipurpose” means that the robot can perform many different functions, depending on the program and tooling currently in use.Over the past two decades, the robot has been introduced into industry to perform many monotonous and often unsafe operations. Because robots can perform certain basic tasks more quickly and accurately than humans, they are being increasingly used in various manufacturing industries.1.What industrial robots can do for people?Industrial robots manipulate parts or tools to perform manufacturing tasks such as material handing,welding,spray painting,or assembly;automated guided vehicles are used for transporting materials in factories and warehouses.2.What are the advantages of robots?igue.Robots perform repetitive,high-precision operations 24 hours a day without fat3. What parts are made up of the robot?A robot is made up of sensors,actuators,and computatlonal elements(a microprocessor).4.What does t he term “reprogrammable” impl y?The term “reprogrammable”implies two things: The robot operates according to a written program, and this program can be rewritten to accommodate a variety of manufacturing tasks.5.Why are robots widely used over the past two decades?Because robots can perform certain basic tasks more quickly and accurately than humans, they are being increasingly used in various manufacturing industries.四.Read the following passage and t ranslate the underlined phrases and sentences into Chinese.(5*4=20)Classification of Robots1.Industrial robots vary widely in size, shape, number of axes, degrees of freedom, and design configuration. Each factor influences the dimensions of the robot’s working envelope or the volume of space within which it can move and perform its designated task. A broader classification of robots can been described as below.Fixed-and Variable-Sequence Robots. The fixed-sequence robot (also called a pick-and place robot) is programmed for a specific sequence of operations. Its movements are from point to point, and the cycle is repeated continuously. 2.The variable-sequence robot can be programmed for a specific sequence of operations but can be reprogrammed to perform another sequence of operation.3.Playback Robot. An operator leads or walks the playback robot and its end effector through the desired path. The robot memorizes and records the path and sequence of motions and can repeat them continually without any further action or guidance by the operator.Numerically Controlled Robot. 4.The numerically controlled robot is programmed and operated much like a numerically controlled machine. The robot is servo-controlled by digital data, and its sequence of movements can be changed with relative ease.5.Intelligent Robot. The intelligent robot is capable of performing some of the functions and tasks carried out by human beings. It is equipped with a variety of sensors with visual and tactile capabilities.1. 工业机器人在尺寸、形状、轴的数量、自由度、设计构型等方面广泛的变化。

计算机专业英语期末试题及答案A

计算机专业英语期末试题及答案A

信息工程学院学院计算机专业英语课程期末考试试卷A一、Translate the following words and expressions into Chinese.(写出下列词组汉语思) (10分每题1分)1。

bandwidth:2.browser:3。

command button:4。

Control Panel:5。

data structure:6.fiber-optic table:7。

hardcopy:8.hypermedia:9.information superhighway:10。

high-level language:二、Match the following words and expressions in the left column with those similar meaning in the right column。

(将左列的词汇与右列相应的汉语匹配.) (10分每题1分)1。

HTTP: a . 数据库管理系统2。

ISP : b。

应用程序设计接口3。

SQL : c 。

基本输入/输出系统4.WWW:d。

数字视频光盘5.DBMS:. e .互联网服务提供商6.BIOS: f 。

中央处理单元7。

API :g 。

结构化查询语言8.DVD:. h .直接存储器存取9.DMA :i .超文本传输协议10。

CPU :j .万维网三、Tell whether the following statements are true(T)or false(F) according to the passage A(根据下文的内容判断下列句子的正误)(15分每题3分)Passage A:For a Web user, the home page is the first Web page that is displayed after starting a Web browser like Netscape's Navigator or Microsoft's Internet Explorer。

辽宁工程技术大学 专业英语 期末考试试题及参考答案

辽宁工程技术大学 专业英语 期末考试试题及参考答案

辽宁工程技术大学20 级专升本(土木工程专业)第二学期《专业英语》试卷(A)题号一二三总分得分I .单项选择:(2*20)1. I used to ____at 6:30, but now I get used to_____at 7:00.a. got up, getting upb. gets up, getting upc. getting up get upd. get up, getting up2. _____many difficulties, they still went on with their experiment.a. Face b Faced c. Facing with d. Faced with3. It was in 1492 _____ Columbus discovered America.a. thatb. whenc. the timed. whom4. Vickie had most probably ____ her for her twin sister.a. regardedb. mistakenc. looked ond. considered5.It is the boy’s laziness that ______his failure in the exams.a. resulted inb. resulted fromc. brought ind. led into6. Rain does not ___ bring down the temperature.a. necessarilyb. certainlyc. undoubtedlyd. completely7. One of his many faults is that he never___.anything very long.a. decides onb. sticks toc. goes overd. make sure8. It was not a serious accident: the car needs only some______ repairs.a. majorb. minorc. primaryd. secondary9. The train arrived one hour behind______ .a. planb. timetablec. scheduled. date10. Be sure to______your work at the end of the exam.a. set asideb. hang upc. look overd. catch sight of11. How we_____ a chance to visit your country!.a. longed forb. looked forc. waited ford.went for12. Scientists didn’t know much about lung cancer_____ .a. before longb. long beforec. until recentlyd.very soon13. _____you keep trying, you will certainly succeeded. a. As b. Because c. As long as d. No matter how14. To my ______, this guy is a good-for-nothing.a. heartb. mindc. thoughtd. thinking15. The boys would rather the basketball match _____ next match.a. took placeb. has taken placec. take placed. should take place16. It is____ to run into danger for nothing.a. childlikeb. childhoodc. childishd. childishly17. They do not allow_____ in this classroom.a. smoking b . to smoke c. smoked d. being smoked18. The winner vacation_____ over, he got down to his work again.a. wasb. had beenc. wered. being19. They can’t help ______of their daughter.a. thinkb. thinkingc. to thinkd. thought20. It is necessary that he_______ for Beijing right now.c. will leave.d. leftII. 选词填空:(2*15)absolutely entire service reveal luxury share introduceget rid of prefer catch up client ban profound go in forconcerning1. They make _____ use of their computers.2. He is ______ wrong.3. She doesn’t have very high standards of_____.4. Young people should never simply _____ material comforts.5. He ______his close friend to me.6. He was jailed for _____ secrets to the Japanese.7. I am very _____about her examination.8. We had a______ lesson in children education yesterday.9. You will have to work harder to _____ with the top students in your class.10. You are supposed to _____ carelessness.11. For him, it would be a _____ to be able to have a day off work.12. I should ______ you not to stay there too long.13. Swimming is_____in this lake.14. We always aim to give our____ personal attention.15. Bill and John ______the work equally between them.III. 翻译: (3*10)汉译英:1.依我看,你完全错了。

生物专业英语课程考试试卷A+答案

生物专业英语课程考试试卷A+答案

生物专业英语课程考试试卷A+答案一、单词翻译(中英文互译,共10小题,每小题1分,共10分)1.zygote\homology mortality\natality3.chlorophyll\ribulose biphosphate4.meiosis\mitosis5.allele\homologous pair6.光合作用、核糖体7.二倍体、单倍体8.显性、隐性9.腺嘌呤、胞嘧啶10.物种、再生二.判断题(每题1分,共10分,正确打√,错误打?)1.Ribosomes are derived from the nucleoli.2.Light-independent reactions take place in the thylakoid membrane.3.All daughter cells are haploid.4.Sexual organisms cannot be cloned.5.Mendel's second law states that characters are inherited dependently.6.The sequence of bases on the DNh molecule carries the genetic information.7.Fungal mitosis,unlike mitosis in all other organism,occurs within the nucleus,8.Parthenogenesis produces only females.9.Subspecies are genetically inferior to full species.petition and predation are examples of density-independent factors.三、阅读理解(共20小题,每小题2分,共40分)(1)Most animals use more than one species as food.Therefore,the term“food meb”is a hetter description of food relationships than“food chain".A food web is a complex feeding system that contains several food chains. For example, mice, rabbits, and deer eat plants. owls eat mice and rabbits. Mountain lions eat rabhits and deer.These five species are parts of food chains that together form a food web.The first link in a food chain is always a green plant. Only organisms with chlorophy11, such as green plants can make food. for example, the first link aquatic food chains is algae. Most algae are microscopic green plants that produce food by photosynthesis. In photosynthesis, energy from sunlight converts carbon dioxide and water to sugar. Tiny fish in lakes, streams and oceans eat algae. In turn, these tiny fish are eaten by larger fish. The larger fish are eaten by still larger fish. The food supply for fish is made by algae. This food is then passed through the food chains as one animal eats another.Organisms may be divided into three groups based on how they obtain food. These groups are producers, decomposer and consumer. Organisms containing chlorophyll are producers. thus, green plants are producers. Animals that eat other animals and plants as consumers. Microbes, one-celled organisms that cause the decay of dead plants and animals are decomposers. Since decomposers cannot make their owm food, they are also consumers.1. The main purpose of the passage is to .A. determine which food chain is the most efficientB. describe the food network among plants and animalsC. explain the process of photosynthesis in green plantsD. appeal to conservationists to protect endangered plant specics2. According to the author, what is a "food web?A.A complicated system of several food chainsB.A society that distributes foodC. The relationship of one ereen plants to anotherD. The device that spiders use to catch food3. Which of the following would most likely be the first link in a food chain?A. TermitesB. FishC. LionsD. Grass4. The author divides organisms according to , A. how they use up energy B. how they obtain foodC. how much energy they require in order to moveD. whether they live on the land or in the sea5. Which of the following organism could not be a consumer as described in the passage?A.a microbeB.a rabbitC.a treeD.a fish(2) Lichens can be spectacular for anyone who cares to look, but few people take the trouble. Often modestly colored and seemingly two-dimensional as they cling to whatever surface they find, they grow in the background: as though designed to be ignored. Yet they hold a special fascination for botanists, partly because they present mysteries still to be solved and partly because they do so many things so well.No casual observer of a lichen would ever suspect that it was a composite of interacting life forms. The seemingly uncomplicated lichen is actually composed of afungus and a colony of algae(or blue-green algae, which some scientists now consider to be bacteria).A few species even include all three of these diverse forms of life.A complete lichen is strikingly different from its separated partners in both appearance and biochemistry; many produce unique compounds which cannot be made by the component organisms alone.Lichens grow in almost every natural habitat imaginable, from deserts to tropical rain forests-even on the back of certain beetles in New Guinca and inside rocks(along with algae) in the otherwise barren dry valleys of Antarctica.Many species can not tolerate extreme heat, cold or dryness. Very few, however, can survive heavy air pollution, and many live only where the air is very clean. The disappearance of lichens from an area gives warning of a threatened environment.1. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. The versatility and complexity of the lowly lichenB. The hidden characteristics of algae coloniesC. The disappcarance of the lichen speciesD. The habitats of spectacular fungi2. The author states that lichens grow "as though designed to be ignored"because they are A. not totally understood by botanists B. troublesome to collect for the purposes of study C. uncomplicated in their intemal structure D. not easily noticed by observers3. According to the author, most people are unaware that lichen is a.A. lcafy plantB. class of simple bacteriaC. two-dimensional life formD. Combination of organisms4. The"unique"compounds mentioned in the second paragraph are produced A. through the cooperative efforts of the lichen's parts B. only under laboratory conditions C. through one of the three possible processes D. once in the lichen's life cycle5. The author implies that lichens might be used to.A. find water sourcesB. destroy unwanted plant lifeC. test for air purityD. provide food in remote areas(3) Insects' lives are very short and they have many enemies, but they must survive long enough to breed and perpetuate their kind.The less insect like they look, the better their chance of survival.To look "inedible"by resembling or imitating plants, is a deception widely practiced by insects. Mamals rarely use this type of camouflage, but many fishes and invertebrates do.The stick caterpillar is well named. It is hardly distinguishable from a bromn or green twig. This caterpillar is quite common and can be found almost anywhere in North America. It is also called "measuring worm"of "inchworm". It walks by arching its body, then stretching out and grasping the branch withits front feet, then looping its body again to bring the hind feet forward. When danger threatens, the stick caterpillar stretchesits body away from the branch at an angle and resains rigid and still, like a twig, until the danger has passed.Walkingsticks, or stick insects, do not have to assume a rigid, twiglike pose to find protection, they look like inedible twigs in anyposition. There are many kinds of walkingsticks, ranging in sizefrom the few inches of the North American variety to some tropicalspecies that may be over a foot long. Then at rest their front legs are stretched out. Some of the tropical species are adorned with spines or ridges, imitating the thorny bushes or trees in which they live.leaves also seem to be a favorite object for insects to imitate. Many butter flies can suddenly disappear from viem by folding their wings and sitting quietly among the foliage that they resemble.6. What is the main subject of the passage?E. Catepillars that live in treesF. The feeding habits of insectsG. How some insects camouflage themselvesH. Insects that are threatened with extinction7. In lines 1, the word "enemies"refers to E. other creatures competing for space F. extreme weather conditionsG. creatures that eat insects H. inedible insects8. According to the passage, how does the stick caterpillar make itself look like a twig?E. By holding its body stiff and motionlessF. By looping itself around a stickG. By changing the color of its skinH. By laying its body flat against a branch9. Which of the following is true of stick insects?E. They resemble their surroundings all the time.F. They make themselves look like other insects.G. They are camouflaged only when walking.H. They change color to make themselves invisible.10. Which of the following are not mentioned in the passage as ob jects that are imitated as a means of protection?A. ThornsB. FlowersC. leavesD. Sticks6. In which paragraph does the author describe the way in which stick caterpillars move?A. Paragraph oneB. Paragraph twoC. Paragraph threeD. Paragraph four(4) Wide-ranging research on tooth decay has recently produced some surprising findings, one indicates that cheddar may actually inhibit the tooth-decay process. It seems to have decay-slowing effect on human teeth if it is eaten immediately after sugar. Thy cheese should have such an effect is unknown. It is speculated that the food might interfere with the acidthat decays teeth or with bacteria that produce the acid. If so, it would be the first common food found to have this useful property. The other suprprising research finding was that heavily sweetened cereals proved ahout equally potent in causing decay whether they contained eight percent,sugar or almost eight times that much.1.According to the passage,how many of the test results were unexpected?A.OneB.TroC.ThreeD.Eight2.According to the passage,what effect does cheddar cheese seem to have?E.It interferes with the function of teeth.F.It makes sugar taste sueeter.G.It decreases the rate at which teeth decay.H.It helps in the digestion of food.3.It can be inferred from the passage that the research on the relationship between cheese and tooth A.has been discredited B.will be slowed considerablyC.has been found to be conclusiveD.will be continued4.Researchers discovered that sweetened cereals were A.important nutritionally B.all surprisingly heavy in sugar C.more expensive than cheese D.all equally harmful to teeth.四、短文翻译(第1题英文短句翻译成中文,每小题2分,共20分,第2题中文翻译成英文,20分,共40分)1.英文短句翻译成中文(1)A1l eukaryotic cells contain most of the various kinds of organelles,and each organelle performs a specialized function in the cell.(2)Photosynthesis occurs only in the chlorophyl1-containing cells of green plants,algae,and certain protists and bacteria.(3)A pictorial display of an organisms chromosomes in thecoiled,condensed state is knon as a karyotype.Karyotype reveal that in most cells all but sex chromosomes are present as two copies,referred to as homologous pairs.(4)An organism that inherits identical alleles for a trait from each parent is said to be homozygous for that traits:if different alleles for a trait are inherited,the organism is heterozygous for that trait.(5)The leading strand is synthesized continuously,while the lagging strand is synthesized in short stretches known as Okazaki fragments.(6)Taxonomy reveals a great deal about the evolutionary relationshipsamong organisms.A clade is a taxonomic unit whose mesbers are derived from a common ancestor.(7)A11 fungi carry out extracellular digestion:they secrete enzymes that digest organic matter,and then they absorb the resulting nutrients.(8)The organs and tissues of the embryo arise during organogenesis,as cells inside the embryo and on its surface become specialized.(9)Populations of a species that are spread out over a broad geographical range are often arrayed in a cline-a gradual change in one or more characteristics as each population evolves adaptations to its own local environment.(10)Just as competition,predation,and other elements interact todetermine the size of a population within a comsunity,population distribution is the result of many interrelated factors.2.短文翻译(中译英)蛋白质很难说明蛋白质在生命系统中有多么重要。

建筑施工专业英语词典

建筑施工专业英语词典
AAS (automatic addressing system) 自动访问系统
AASW (American Association of Scientific Workers) 美国科学工作者协会
AB (address bus) 地址总线
abac 列线图,诺谟图
abacus 算盘;柱顶级
ABC (automatic bandwidth control) 自动带宽控制
ABC (automatic bias compensation) 自动偏压补偿
ABC (automatic binary computer) 自动二进制计算机
a-b component transformation a-b分量变换
abbreviated drawing 简图
abbreviated equation 简化方程
abbreviated method 简化法
abbreviated signal code 传输电码,缩写信码
abbreviation 简写;缩写词,略语;约分
ABC 初步,入门;基本要素,基础知识
建筑施工专业英语词典
建筑施工专业英语词典A (a) 相,安[培]
a (absolute) 绝对的
A (accumulator) 累加器
A (alarm) 报警
A (automatic) 自动的
a (axial) 轴向的,轴流的
A-A (ASEA-Atom) 瑞典原子通用公司
abate 消除,减少,减轻,降低;作废;磨钝;回火
abatement 减少,减轻;消除;抑制,中断;降压
abatement cost 除去成本

物理学专业英语A2

物理学专业英语A2
7
A2 Work, energy, and power
Calculating potential energy (PE) • The stone above has potential energy. This is equal to the work done in lifting it to a height h above the ground. • The stone, mass m, has a weight of mg. • So the force needed to overcome gravity and lift it is mg. • • • • • As the stone is Iifted through a height h: work done = force x distance moved = mg x h So potential energy = mgh For example, if a 2 kg stone is 5 m above the ground, and g is 10 N kg-1, then the stone's PE = 2 x 10 x 5 = 100 J.
10
A2 Work, energy, and power
vectors, scalars, and energy • Vectors have magnitude and direction. When adding vectors, you must allow for their direction. In A1, for example, there are diagrams showing two 6 N forces being added. In one, the resultant is 12 N. In the other, it is zero. • Scalars are quantities which have magnitude but no direction. Examples include mass, volume, energy, and work. Scalar addition is simple. If 6 kg of mass is added to 6 kg of mass, the result is always 12 kg. Similarly, if an object has 6 J of PE and 6 J of KE, the total energy is 12 J. • As energy is a scalar, PE and KE can be added without allowing for direction. The stone on the right has the same total PE + KE throughout its motion. As it starts with the same PE as the stone in the previous diagram, it has the same KE (and speed) when it is about to hit the ground.

食品专业英语考试试卷(A卷)及答案全文优选

食品专业英语考试试卷(A卷)及答案全文优选

最新精选全文完整版(可编辑修改)《食品专业英语》考试试卷(A卷)一、指出下列前后缀或词汇含义(每小题1.5中译英:英译中:半- iso-两- poly-亚- mono-酵母菌的发酵bio-乙醇hydrogen bond化学防腐剂biocatalyst溶解度polar solvents脱水hydrocarbon果胶sugar and starch氧化spoilage二、选择题(每小题2分,共10分)1. Proteins are of great size, complexity, and diversityA. atomsB. moleculesC. protonD. ion2. The word is often paired with the word food because the two go gogether. They are interdependent, but not interchangeable.A. starchB. lipidC. nutritionD. sugar3. Esters of fatty acids with alcohols is .A. simple lipidsB. compound lipidsC. derived lipidsD. hydrocarbons4. are the “ building blocks” of proteins.A. peptidesB. amino acidC. enzymesD. lipid5. The fungi, consist of two major microorganisms, and yeasts.A. moldsB. bacteriaC. microbeD. cocci三、英译汉(每小题7分,共35分)1.Remember that catalysts increase the rate of a reaction, but are not themselves consumed or produced by the reaction. Also, they do not change the equilibrium constant (平衡常数)of a reaction.2. These are enzymes that catalyze the reduction or oxidation of a molecule. Remember that oxidation is the reverse(逆反应)ofreduction.3. The vitamins are divided into two general categories based on their solubility in either water or fat. The fat-soluble vitamins are vitamins A, D, E and K; the water -soluble vitamins include vitamin C and vitamin B.4. Each of these nutrients contains carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, while protein also contains nitrogen, and it is the ratio of carbon to hydrogen to oxygen that determines the number of calories(热量)they provide.5. They are called essential nutrients because we cannot get along without them. We need them for energy, for building and maintaining body tissue, and for regulating body processes- the three essential functions of foods in the body.四、汉译英(共25分)1、化学添加剂可用于防止由微生物引起的食品腐败。

专业英语练习卷 A(答案)

专业英语练习卷 A(答案)

《专业英语(自动化)》复习卷A卷一.Put the following words and phrases into English or chinese. (20*1=20)1.电路circuit 2.控制系统Control system 3.元件component 4.电压voltage 5.电流current 6.欧姆定律Ohm’s Low 7.开关switch 8.指针needle 9.螺丝刀Scrow driver 10.引脚pin 11.Strip条纹12.Intergrated circuit集成电路13.chip晶片14.sensor传感器15.maintenance维护16.actuator执行器17.joint关节18.servomotor伺服电机19.telerobot遥控机器人20.gripper夹爪二.C hoose one word from the word list below to fill in the blank in each of thefollowing sentences. (20*1=20)1)Digital 2)analog, 3)positive 4)common 5)a function switch 6)a range switch 7)extended ranges of voltage 8)dc and ac9)current 10) resistanceA multimeter is a general-purpose meter capable of measuring 8 voltage,9 , 10 , and in some cases, decibels. There are two types of meters: 2 using a standard meter movement with a needle (see Fig 3.1(a)), and , with an 1 electronic numerical display (see Fig 3.1(b)).Both types of meters have a 3 (+) jack and a 4 jack (-) for the test leads, 5 to select dc voltage, ac voltage, dc current, ac current, or ohms and 6 for accurate readings. The meters may also have other jacks to measure 7 (1 to 5 kV) and current (up to 10A) there are some variations to the functions used for specific meters.1)Resistance 2)placed across (in parallel) 3)be removed4)in series with 5)mechanical adjust 6)automatic indicator5)properly 8) test leads 9)correct 10)be openedBesides the function and range switches (sometimes they are in a single switch.) The analog meter may have a polarity switch to facilitate reversing the test leads. The needle usually has a screw for 5 to set it to zero and also a zero adjust control to compensate for weakening batteries when measuring 1 . An analog meter can read positive and negative voltage by simply reversing the 8 or moving the polarity switch. A digital meter usually has an 6 for polarity on its display.Meters must be 7connected to a circuit to ensure a 9 reading. A voltmeter is always 2 the circuit or component to be measured. When measuring current, the circuit must 10 and the meter inserted 4 the circuit or component to be measured. When measuring the resistance of a component in a circuit, the voltage to the circuit must 3 and the meter placed in parallel with the component.三.Read the following passage and answer the questions.(5*8=40)RobotsRobots produce mechanical motion that,in most cases,results in manipulation or locomotion.For example,industrial robots manipulate parts or tools to perform manufacturing tasks such as material handing,welding,spray painting,or assembly;automated guided vehicles are used for transporting materials in factories and warehouses.Telerobots provide astronauts with large mainipulators for remotely performing spacecraft maintenance.Robots perform repetitive,high-precision operations 24 hours a day without fatigue.Robots on this automobile assembly line weld body parts together.The General Motors corporation uses about 16,000 robots to weld,assemble,and paint automobiles.Walking robots explore active volcanoes.Mechanical characteristics for robots include degrees of freedom of movement,size and shape of the operatingspace,stiffness and strength of the structure ,lifting capacity,velocity ,and acceleration under load.Performance measures include repeatability and accuracy of positioning,speed,and freedom from vibration.A robot is made up of sensors,actuators,and computatlonal elements(a microprocessor).Actuators for moving joints of a robot are usually electric servomotors.In the past ,larger robots were built with hydraulic actuation due to their high payload capacity and ability to work in explosion-prone environments.In the 1990s,there was a trend by the major manufacturers to use electric actuators in most of their industrial robots.A robot is an automatically controlled, reprogrammable, multipurpose, manipulating machine with several reprogrammable axes, which may be either fixed in place or mobile for use in industrial automation applications.The key words are reprogrammable and multipurpose because most single-purpose machines do not meet these two requirements. The term “reprogrammable” implies two things: The robot operates according to a written program, and this program can be rewritten to accommodate a variety of manufacturing tasks. The term “multipurpose” means that the robot can perform many different functions, depending on the program and tooling currently in use.Over the past two decades, the robot has been introduced into industry to perform many monotonous and often unsafe operations. Because robots can perform certain basic tasks more quickly and accurately than humans, they are being increasingly used in various manufacturing industries.1.What industrial robots can do for people?Industrial robots manipulate parts or tools to perform manufacturing tasks such as material handing,welding,spray painting,or assembly;automated guided vehicles are used for transporting materials in factories and warehouses.2.What are the advantages of robots?igue.Robots perform repetitive,high-precision operations 24 hours a day without fat3. What parts are made up of the robot?A robot is made up of sensors,actuators,and computatlonal elements(a microprocessor).4.What does t he term “reprogrammable” impl y?The term “reprogrammable”implies two things: The robot operates according to a written program, and this program can be rewritten to accommodate a variety of manufacturing tasks.5.Why are robots widely used over the past two decades?Because robots can perform certain basic tasks more quickly and accurately than humans, they are being increasingly used in various manufacturing industries.四.Read the following passage and t ranslate the underlined phrases and sentences into Chinese.(5*4=20)Classification of Robots1.Industrial robots vary widely in size, shape, number of axes, degrees of freedom, and design configuration. Each factor influences the dimensions of the robot’s working envelope or the volume of space within which it can move and perform its designated task. A broader classification of robots can been described as below.Fixed-and Variable-Sequence Robots. The fixed-sequence robot (also called a pick-and place robot) is programmed for a specific sequence of operations. Its movements are from point to point, and the cycle is repeated continuously. 2.The variable-sequence robot can be programmed for a specific sequence of operations but can be reprogrammed to perform another sequence of operation.3.Playback Robot. An operator leads or walks the playback robot and its end effector through the desired path. The robot memorizes and records the path and sequence of motions and can repeat them continually without any further action or guidance by the operator.Numerically Controlled Robot. 4.The numerically controlled robot is programmed and operated much like a numerically controlled machine. The robot is servo-controlled by digital data, and its sequence of movements can be changed with relative ease.5.Intelligent Robot. The intelligent robot is capable of performing some of the functions and tasks carried out by human beings. It is equipped with a variety of sensors with visual and tactile capabilities.1. 工业机器人在尺寸、形状、轴的数量、自由度、设计构型等方面广泛的变化。

10计网大专专业英语试卷A.doc

10计网大专专业英语试卷A.doc

10计网大专专业英语试卷A.doc2012—2013学年度第一学期《计算机专业英语》期末考试试卷(A)题号—?二三四H./\总分得分—. Give out the full names for the following abbreviations (写出下列缩写词的全称)(15%) ROM ______________________________________________ CPU ________________________________________________ BIOS _______________________________________________ IT ____________________________________________________ WWW ______________________________________________ HTML ______________________________________________ RAM _________________________________________________ MB _________________________________________________ JPEG _________________________________________________ MHz __________________________________________________ in meaning in the right column(将左列的词汇与右列相应的汉语匹配)(10% )1.memory uni/doc/479103223.html,tement3.?miconducto r nrmory4.daa dtfinition hnguage5.key-frame6.rmchine hnguage7.nn ime oror8.address d)ility/doc/479103223.html,st- in/first-out10.refresh cycle1.( )2.( )3.( ) 8.( )4.( ) 9.( )5.( ) 10.( )三、Translate the following phrases into English(将下列短语翻译成英语)(10% )1、辅助存储器()2、函数调用()3、多用户系统()4、总线带宽()5、高级语言()四、For each of the following blanks, four choices are given. Choose the most appropriate one (A\下面给出的四个选项中选择最恰当的答案)(30 %)1.The basic units of a computer system are as follows: ________A. GPU, memory aid diskB. CPU, nput aid ouput uniC. CPU, memory and I/O systemD. CPU, memory and ALU2.Today, _________ can give you a music synthesizer, a fax machine, a CD-ROMdrive, (tt.A. nput devicesB. expansion cardsC? ouput device D. pystick3.The control unit fetches ________ from memory and decodes them.A. d£aB. nformation二. Match the following words and expressions in the left column with those similara.半导体存储器b.关键帧c.存储单元d.数据定义语言e.运行时错误f.机器语言g.语句h.寻址能力i.刷新周期j.后进先出6.()7.()C? rsults D. nstructions4.When pover B emoved, nformation n he semiconductor memory s ___________ .A. reliableB. bstC? manipulated D. emain5.Bease fnd he iem that E not bdong b he DBA ____________ .( ________________________________________________ )A. storage structure and access method definitionB. schema definitionC? ntegrity constrain jpecification D. EDL6.________ i s designed to manage large bodies of information.A. a fle 岁stemB. a tansactionC? a diabase jystem D. adatabase hnguage7.A characteristic of cperating jystem k _________ .A. esource managementB. memory managementC? oror rcovery D. dl he i)ove& Assembly-language instructions are a series of ________ .A. Os aid IsB. abstract codesC? machine (odes D. w)rds9?_____ program also has potential benefits in parallel processing.A. MichineB. AssemblyC?Object-oriented D. Rocess-oriented10.An advantage of a ring network is that it needs less ________ .A. computerB. networkC?cable D? nformation11.An ISP supplies a _________ t hat you can dial from your computer to log on the internet srve匚A. pubic k号B. pivate k号C. jervice nunberD. hdp fie12.To open Internet Explorer, just click Start, point to ___________ ,and then click Internet Explorer.A. RogramsB. ViewC. LayoutD. G)ntrol Rmel13.Electronic bulletin boards are ________ communication platforms.A. one-to?manyB. ow-to-oneC. many-to-manyD. dl d)ove14.Followings are some image data file formats, which is wrong? ______A.*. TIFB. *? DOCC. *? BMPD. *? GIFC.it can rotate a three-dimensional model.D.it can do all above at the same time.15.By adding ________ to your programs, you can make computers more interesting and nuch rmre fin for he ujer.A. rrultimediaB. extD. pictureC? rrusic五、To identify the following to be True or False according to computer ?knowledge(根据计算机知识判别是非题)(10%);I1.A computer can replace people to do all kinds of work?()i2.The memory addresses are expressed as binary numbers. ( ) ;3.Keyboard, mouse and monitor are all input devices. ( ) ?i4.AC program must begin with a function called main. ( ) Ia5.Both the stack and the queue have the same behaviors. ( ) ;6.Without an operating system ,we could not execute a user program. ( ) ?I7.We can think the scanner as lexical analyzer. ( ) !8.A data definition language can be used to define a database schema?()[■9.Multimedia is not a simultaneous use of data from different sources. ( ) ?10? Images acquired by satellites are not useful in tracking of earth resources. ( ) !六.Reading comprehension(阅读理解)(25%) ?iI (一)Fill in the blanks with suitable words or expressions from the list given below,;and change the form where necessary (从下面所列词语中选择合适的词语,以其适;当的形式填空)(10%) !I I high-level hnguage assembly hnguage written ?machine hnguage notation !■iI A programming language, designed to facilitate the communication between human and ?computers, is a _________________ for describing computation in readable fonn. There \ are 3 levels of programming languages, they are __________________ , which can be run - directly by computer; ___________________ and _____________ . There are different! high-level programming languages. Fortunately, most of them have many kinds of; construct in common and vary only in the way that these must be __________________________ . \ Therefore, first thing to be decided about a task is to choose which programming language ; is best suited for the job. ?■I Passage A ?The central processing unit (CUP) is the heart of the computer systems- Among other ;things, its configuration determines whether a computer is fast or slow in relation to other ; computers. The CPU is the most complex computer system component, responsible for ;directing most of the computer system activities based on the instructions provided. As ! one computer generation has evolved to the next, the physical size of the CPU has often j become smaller and smaller, which its speed and capacity have increasedtremendously. Indeed, these changes have resulted in micro-Computers that aresmall enough to fit on your desk and your lap.The CPU comprise the control unit and the arithmetic/logic unit (ALU).The control unit is responsible for directing and coordinating most of thecomputer systems activities. It determines the movement of electronic signalsbetween main memory and the arithmetic/logic unit, as well as the controlsignals between the CPU and input/output devices.The ALU performs all the arithmetic and logical(comparison) functions—thatis, it adds, subtracts, multiplies, divides, and does comparison. These comparisons, which are basically "less than,:"greater than”,and “equal to,:can be combined into several common expressions, such as ''greater than or equal to'9. The objective of most instructions that use comparisons is to determine which instruction should be executed next.(二)Tell whether the following statements are true(T) or false(F) according to the passage A(根据上文的内容判断下列句子的正误)(15%) 1.With the development of computer, the physical size of the CPU has often becomebigger and bgger. ( )2.The movement of electronic signals between main memory and the ALU as well as thecontrol signal between the CPU and input/output devices are controlled by thecontrol unit of he CPU. ( )3.The CPU comprises he control uni aid nrmory. ( )4.The control unit performs all the arithmetic and logical functions.( )5.The central processing unit (CPU) is the heart of the computer systems. ( )泰州机电高职校2012-2013学年度第一学期期末考核试卷参考答案及评分标准(A 卷)考核课程:计算机英语 __________ 考试类型:理论考试方式:闭卷笔试要求:明确标注每小题或每步骤得分点一. Give out the full names for the following abbreviations(写出下列缩写词的全称) (15%)(本题共15分,每小题1.5分)ROM: Read Only Memory CPU: Central Processing Unit BIOS: Basic Input/Output Unit IT: Information Technology WWW: World Wide Web HTML: Hypertext Markup Language RAM: Random Access MemoryJPEG: Joint Photographic Experts Group MB: matebyte MHz: Megahertz二. Match the following words and expressions in the leftcolumn with those similar in meaning in the right columnf 将左列的词汇与右列相应的汉语匹配)(10%)(木题共10分,每小题1分)四? For each of the following blanks, four choices are given. Choose themost appropriate one (从下面给出的四个选项中选择最恰当的答案)(30%)(本题共30分,每小题2分)1. C2. B3. D4. B5. D6. C7. A &B 9. C 10. C 11. C 12. A 13. A 14. B 15.A五? T o identify the following to be True or False according to computer knowledge(根据计算机知识判别是非题)(10%) (本题共10分,每小题1分)1. ( F )2. (T)3. ( F )4. ( T )5. (T )6. (T )7. (T )8. (T )9. ( F )10. ( F)7\. Reading comprehension (阅读理解)(25%)(一)Fill in the blanks with suitable words or expressions from the list given below, and change the form where necessary (从下面所列词语中选择合适的词语,以其适当的形式填空)(10%) (本题共10分,每空2分)notation machine hnguage assembly hnguage high-level language written (3空和4空答案可互换) (二)Tell whether the following statements are true(T) or false(F)according to the passage A (根据上文的内容判断下列句子的正误)(15%) (木题共15分,每小题3分) l.(F) 2. (T) 3. (F) 4. (F) 5. (T)三. Translate the following phrases into English(将下列短语翻译成英语)(10% ) (木题共10分,每小题2分) 1 .auxiliary memory 2. function call3. multi-user system4. bus bandwidth5. high-level language1. ( c )2. ( g )3. ( a )4. ( d )5. ( b )6. ( f )7. ( e ) & ( h ) 9. ( ■ J ) 10. ( ■ 1)。

化学化工专业英语试卷

化学化工专业英语试卷

element:11. orbital electron::2.In contrast to inorganic compounds, the molecularattraction of organiccompounds is weak, soorganic compounds areusually volatile andpossess low meltingpoints.3.Benzene can undergo the typical substitutionreactions ofhalogenation,nitration,sulphonation andFriedel-Craftsreaction. 4.Evaporation is conducted by vaporizing a portion ofthe solvent to produce aconcentrated solution orthick liquor.5.The presence of a substituent group inbenzene exerts aprofound control overboth orientation and theease of introduction ofthe enteringsubstituent.6.The functional group of a ketone consists of acarbon atom connected by adouble bond to an oxygenatom.7.At equilibrium, these two rate are equal; cupricion is still reactingwith ammonia moleculesto form the complex, andthe complex is stilldecomposing, but just asmuch cupric ammoniacomplex is beingdecomposed in unit timeas is being formed. 8.The reaction of an acid chloride with an amine isused commercially in themanufacture of the veryimportant range ofsemi-syntheticpenicilings,firstproduced by the BeechanGroup in 1959. 9.Thus satisfactory binding propertise are essentialfor trouble-freecompression and theproduction of goodquality cakes over longmanufacturing periods. 10.The synthesis of organic compounds involvesconversion ofavailable substancesof known structure,through a sequence ofparticular,controlled chemicalreactions, into othercompounds bearing adesired molecularstructure.The active ingredients were identified in the unsaponifiable fraction of this vegetable product. After solvent extraction and drying, the pure unsaponifiables are obtained in the form of a waxy solid. This waxy solid is then redissolved in untreated shea butter toincrease the unsaponifiable content and thus lead to the unsaponifiable shea butter concentrate. Used incosmetics at levels of up to 2%,it provides excellent protection against sunlight and skin dryness.Another example is the extract of the kola nut, known for its anti-irritant properties. As available in the market, it has an objectionable color and odor . At Estee Lauder, we analyzed and separated its constituents, identified the individual components with anti-irritantproperties, and recombined them in the most effective ratio. In the process , objectionable color and odor were removed and possible allergens 过敏原 eliminated. All this indicates that cosmetics formulated with plantextracts today can be more effective and , at the same time, more elegant than 10 or 20 years ago. 采用一种简单、可靠并且有效的气相色谱法,来同时测定草药鱼腥草和鱼腥草注射液中8种活性组分的含量;在研究的浓度范围内,发现鱼腥草中草药和注射液中8种活性组分的R 2的值高于,都有良好的线性行为,其日内和日间的精度都很高,其RSD 小于2%,且在三种不同浓度下获得的8种组分的平均回收率范围为%–%,RSD 为~%;该方法已成功应用于鱼腥草中草药和注射液的这8种活性成分的同时测定,包括不同厂家、不同批次生产注射液过程中的中间产物;这表明四、 Translate the following paragraph intoChinese本大题共1个小题,共25分五、 Translate the following paragraph intoEnglish 共15分本文提出的方法特别适合注射液的常规分析和在生产过程中的质量控制;。

财经专业英语词汇A-Z

财经专业英语词汇A-Z

财经专业英语词汇(A-Z)A share A股;甲类股份abatement of tax 减税;减扣免税额ABN AMRO Bank N.V. 荷兰银行above-the-line expenditure 线上项目支出;经常预算支出above-the-line receipt 线上项目收入;经常预算收入ABSA Asia Limited 南非联合亚洲有限公司absolute change 绝对数值变更absolute expenditure 实际开支absolute guideline figure 绝对准则数字absolute interest 绝对权益absolute order of discharge 绝对破产解除令absolute profit margin 绝对利润幅度absolute value 实值;绝对值absolutely vested interest 绝对既得权益absorbed cost 已吸收成本;已分摊成本absorption 吸收;分摊;合并absorption rate 吸收率;摊配率;分摊率ACB Finance Limited 亚洲商业财务有限公司acceptable form of reciprocity 合理的互惠条件acceptable rate 适当利率;适当汇率acceptance agreement 承兑协议acceptance for honour 参加承兑acceptor 承兑人;接受人;受票人acceptor for honour 参加承兑人accident insurance 意外保险Accident Insurance Association of Hong Kong 香港意外保险公会accident insurance scheme 意外保险计划accident year basis 意外年度基准accommodation 通融;贷款accommodation bill 通融票据;空头票据accommodation party 汇票代发人account balance 帐户余额;帐户结余account book 帐簿account collected in advance 预收款项account current book 往来帐簿account of after-acquired property 事后取得的财产报告account of defaulter 拖欠帐目account payable 应付帐款account payee only [A/C payee only] 只可转帐;存入收款人帐户account receivable 应收帐款account receivable report 应收帐款报表account statement 结单;帐单;会计财务报表account title 帐户名称;会计科目accountant's report 会计师报告Accountant's Report Rules 会计师报告规则accounting and auditing procedure 会计与审计程序;会计与核数程序Accounting Arrangements 《会计安排》accounting basis 会计基础accounting by Official Receiver 破产管理署署长呈交的帐目Accounting Circular 《会计通告》accounting class 会计类别accounting date 记帐日期;会计结算日期accounting for money 款项核算Accounting Officer 会计主任accounting period 会计报告期;会计期accounting policy 会计政策;会计方针accounting practice 会计惯例accounting principle 会计准则accounting record 会计记录accounting report 会计报告Accounting Services Branch [Treasury] 会计事务部〔库务署〕Accounting Society of China 中国会计学会accounting statement 会计报表accounting system 会计制度;会计系统accounting transaction 会计事项;帐务交易accounting treatment 会计处理accounting year 会计年度accretion 增值;添加accrual 应计项目;应累算数目accrual basis 应计制;权责发生制accrual basis accounting 应计制会计;权责发生制会计accrue 应累算;应计accrued benefit 应累算利益accrued charges 应计费用accrued cumulative preference share dividend 应累算的累积优先股股息accrued expenses 应累算费用accrued interest payable 应付利息;应计未付利息accrued interest receivable 应收利息;应计未收利息accrued right 累算权益accruing profit 应累算的利润accumulated fiscal reserve 累积财政储备accumulated profit 累积利润;滚存溢利accumulated reserve 累积储备accumulation of surplus income 累积收益盈余acquired assets 既得资产acquisition 收购;购置;取得acquisition cost 购置成本acquisition expenses 购置费用acquisition of 100% interest 收购全部股权acquisition of control 取得控制权acquisition of fixed assets 购置固定资产acquisition of shell “买壳”acquisition price 收购价act of God 天灾acting partner 执事合伙人active market 买卖活跃的市场;交投畅旺的市场;旺市active partner 积极参与的合伙人active trading 交投活跃actual circulation 实际流通actual cost 实际成本actual expenditure 实际开支;实际支出actual income 实际入息;实际收入;实际收益actual market 现货市场actual price 现货价;实际价格actual profit 实际利润actual quotation 实盘;实际价位;实际报价actual year basis 按实际年度计算actuals 实货actuarial investigation 精算调查actuarial principle 精算原则actuarial report 精算师报告Actuarial Society of Hong Kong 香港精算学会actuarial valuation 精算师估值actuary 精算师ad referendum agreement 暂定协议;有待覆核的协定ad valorem duty 从价税;按值征税ad valorem duty system 从价税制ad valorem fee 从价费ad valorem tariff 从价关税additional allowance 额外免税额additional amount for unexpired risk 未过期风险的额外款额additional assessable profit 补加应评税利润additional assessment 补加评税additional commitment 额外承担additional commitment vote 额外承担拨款additional dependent grandparent allowance 供养祖父母或外祖父母额外免税额additional dependent parent allowance 供养父母额外免税额additional provision 额外拨款additional stamp duty 附加印花税additional tax 补加税罚款;补加税款Additional Tax Demand Note 缴纳补加税罚款通知书;缴纳补加税款通知书adjudged bankrupt 被裁定破产adjudicated bankrupt 裁定破产人adjudication fee 裁定费;评定印花税额手续费;评估契据费adjudication of bankruptcy 裁定破产;宣告破产adjudication of insolvency 裁定无力偿还债务adjusted actual 经调整的实数;调整后的实数adjusted current assets 经调整的流动资产;调整后的流动资产adjusted figure 经调整的数字;调整后的数额adjusted liabilities 经调整的负债;调整后的负债adjusted loss 经调整的亏损;调整后的亏损adjusted net admissible assets 经调整的可接纳资产净值;调整后的可接纳资产净值adjusted profit 经调整的利润;调整后的利润adjusted surplus 经调整的盈余额;调整后的盈余额adjusted value 经调整的价值;调整后的价值adjustment 调整;修订;理算〔保险〕adjustment centre 调剂中心adjustment lag 调整过程的时间差距;调整时差adjustment mechanism 调整机制adjustment of loss 亏损调整adjustment process 调整过程;调整程序adjustment range 调整幅度administered exchange rate 受管制汇率Administration Division [Hong Kong Monetary Authority] 行政处〔香港金融管理局〕administration expenses 行政费用administration fee 手续费;行政费administration in bankruptcy 破产管理administration order 遗产管理令administrator 管理人;遗产管理人administrator of the estate 遗产管理人admission of debt 债项承认书admission of proof 接纳债权证明advance 放贷款项;垫付款项;预支款项;预付款项advance account 暂支帐目;预付款帐户advance compensation 预付补偿金advance from shareholder 股东垫款advance pending reimbursement 预支以待日后付还advanced economy 先进经济体系advancement 预付;预付财产advances warrant 垫款令advancing 贷出adverse balance 逆差adverse exchange 逆汇advertisement addressed to shareholders 在报章刊登的致股东通告advice for collection 托收通知书advice of drawing 提款通知书;汇票通知书advice of payment 付款通知Advisory Committee [Securities and Futures Commission] 谘询委员会〔证券及期货事务监察委员会〕Advisory Committee on Diversification 经济多元化谘询委员会affidavit 誓章;遗产申报誓章affidavit of no receipt 述明无收款的誓章affiliate 联号;联营公司;附属公司affiliated company 附属公司;联号;联营公司affirmation [estate duty] 非宗教式宣誓〔遗产税〕affordability 负担能力African Development Bank [AfDB] 非洲开发银行after-acquired property 事后取得的财产after-hours dealing 市后交易after-tax profit 税后盈利;税后利润;税后溢利agency agreement 代理协议agency expenses 代理机构的开支agency fee 代理费Agency Law 《代理法》agent 代理人;承销人agent of company 公司代理人agent's fee 代理人费;经纪费aggregate 总计;总数;总体数字aggregate amount 总款额;总额aggregate assets and liabilities 总体资产与负债aggregate at constant price 按固定价格计算的总体数字aggregate demand 总需求aggregate gross position 总持仓量aggregate limit 总限额aggregate of salaries tax 合计薪俸税aggregate performance 总体表现;总体业绩aggregate supply 总体供应aggregate surplus 总盈余aggregate total 整体总额aggregate value 总值;合计价值aggregated basis 合计基准aggregated net chargeable income 合计应课税入息实额aggregation 合并计算;合计;总和aggregation of incomes of husband and wife 夫妇入息合并计算aggregation of property 财产的总和agio 差价;贴水Agreement between the Government of Hong Kong and the Government of Japan for thePromotion and Protection of Investment 《香港政府和日本政府关于相互促进和保护投资协定》Agreement between the Government of Hong Kong and the Government of the Republic of Austria for the Promotion and Protection of Investment 《香港政府和奥地利共和国政府关于相互促进和保护投资协定》Agreement between the Government of Hong Kong and the Government of the Republic of France for the Promotion and Protection of Investment 《香港政府和法兰西共和国政府关于相互促进和保护投资协定》Agreement between the Government of Hong Kong and the Government of the Republic of Korea for the Promotion and Protection of Investment 《香港政府和大韩民国政府关于相互促进和保护投资协定》agreement for a settlement 授产协议agreement for assignment 转让协议agreement for sale 售卖协议;买卖协议agreement for sale and purchase 买卖协议agreement for the payment of interest 支付利息协议agreement for the repayment of money 还款协议agreement of reinsurance 再保险协议Agricultural Bank of China 中国农业银行air passenger departure tax 飞机乘客离境税Air Services Negotiations Unit [Economic Services Bureau] 民航运输谈判组〔经济局〕airport tax 机场税alcohol duty 酒精税alienation 让与;让渡;转让alimony 生活费;赡养费All Ordinaries Index [AOI] 所有普通股指数all risks 全险;综合险All Sales Record for Stock Market 《股票市场成交报告》Allied Capital Resources Limited 新联财务有限公司all-items index [Consumer Price Index] 总指数〔消费物价指数〕allocation letter 拨款信件allocation of fund 分配款项;预留款项allocation of profit 利润分配;溢利分配allocation warrant 拨款令allotment 分配;配股allotment notice 股份配售通知;配股通知allotment of shares 股份分配allowable 可获宽免;免税的allowable business loss 可扣除的营业亏损allowable expenses 可扣税的支出allowance 免税额;津贴;备抵;准备金allowance for debts 债项的免税额allowance for depreciation by wear and tear 耗损折旧免税额allowance for funeral expenses 殡殓费的免税额allowance for inflation 为通货膨胀而预留的款项;通胀准备金allowance for repairs and outgoings 修葺及支出方面的免税额allowance to debtor 给债务人的津贴alteration of capital 资本更改alternate trustee 候补受托人amalgamation 合并ambit [head or subhead of expenditure] 涵盖范围〔开支总目或分目〕ambit of charges 征税范围;收费范围amended valuation 经修订的估值American Commodities Exchange 美国商品交易所American Express Bank Limited 美国运通银行American Stock Exchange 美国证券交易所amortization 摊销amount due from banks 存放银行同业的款项amount due from banks abroad 存放海外银行同业的款项amount due from holding companies 控股公司欠款amount due from local banks 存放本港银行同业的款项amount due to banks 银行同业的存款amount due to banks abroad 海外银行同业的存款amount due to holding companies 控股公司存款amount due to local banks 本港银行同业的存款amount due to outport banks 外埠银行同业的存款amount for note issue 发行纸币的款额amount of bond 担保契据的款额amount of consideration 代价款额amount of contribution 供款数额amount of indebtedness 负债款额amount of principal of the loan 贷款本金额amount of rates chargeable 应征差饷数额amount of share capital 股本额amount of sums assured 承保款额amount of variation 变动幅度amount of vote 拨款数额amount payable 应付款额amount receivable 应收款额Amsterdam Stock Exchange 阿姆斯特丹证券交易所analysis 分析ancillary risk 附属风险annual account 周年帐目;周年帐目报表;年度决算;年结annual accounting date 年结日期annual allowance 每年免税额;年积金;年度津贴;年津annual balance 年度余额annual disposable income 每年可动用收入annual estimates 周年预算annual fee 年费annual general meeting 周年大会annual growth rate 年增率;每年增长率annual long-term supplement 长期个案每年补助金annual pensionable emolument 可供计算退休金的年薪annual report 年报Annual Report on the Consumer Price Index 《消费物价指数年报》annual return 周年报表;周年申报表;每年报税表格Annual Return Rules 《周年报表规则》annual review of consumer prices 每年消费物价回顾annual roll-forward basis 逐年延展方式annual salary 年薪annual statement 年度报表;年度决算表Annual Survey of Banks, Deposit-taking Companies and Representative Offices of Foreign Banks 银行、接受存款公司及外地银行驻港代表办事处按年统计调查annuitant 年金受益人annuity 年金annuity contract 年金合约annuity on human life 人寿年金antecedent debt 先前的债项ante-dated cheque 倒填日期支票anticipated expenditure 预期开支anticipated net profit 预期纯利anticipated revenue 预期收入anti-inflation measure 反通货膨胀措施anti-inflationary stance 反通货膨胀立场apparent deficit 表面赤字apparent financial solvency 表面偿债能力apparent partner 表面合伙人application for personal assessment 个人入息课税申请书application of fund 资金应用application to release as liquidator and to destruct the books of accounts and documents 申请免除清盘人职务及毁灭帐簿与文件appointed actuary 委任精算师appointed auditor 委任核数师;委任审计师appointed trustee 委任的受托人appointer 委任人apportioned pro rata 按比例分摊apportionment 分配;分摊Apportionment Act [United Kingdom] 《分摊法令》〔英国〕apportionment formula 分摊方程式apportionment of estate duty 遗产税的分摊appraisal 估价;评估appreciable growth 可观增长appreciable impact 显着影响appreciable increase 可观增长appreciation 增值;升值appreciation against other currencies 相对其他货币升值appreciation of the exchange value of Hong Kong dollar 港元汇值上升appreciation tax 增值税appropriation 拨款;拨用;拨付appropriation account 拨款帐目Appropriation Bill 拨款法案appropriation-in-aid system 补助拨款办法approved assets 核准资产approved basket stock 认可一篮子证券approved budget 核准预算approved charitable donation 认可慈善捐款approved charitable institution 认可慈善机构approved currency 核准货币;认可货币approved estimates 核准预算approved estimates of expenditure 核准开支预算approved overseas insurer 核准海外保险人approved overseas trust company 核准海外信托公司approved pooled investment fund 核准汇集投资基金approved provident fund scheme 认可公积金计划approved provision 核准拨款approved redeemable share 核准可赎回股份approved regional stock 认可地区性证券approved retirement scheme 认可退休金计划approved subordinated loan 核准附属贷款arbitrage 套戥;套汇;套利arbitrageur 套戥者;套汇者arbitrary amount 临时款项arrangement 措施;安排;协定arrears 欠款arrears of pay 欠付薪酬arrears of revenue 逾期未收税款;逾期未收的帐项articles of association 组织章程;组织细则;组织章程细则Asahi Finance (Hong Kong) Limited 旭日财务(香港)有限公司ascertainment of profit 确定利润"Asia Clear" “亚洲结算系统”Asia Commercial Bank Ltd. 亚洲商业银行有限公司Asian Development Bank [ADB] 亚洲开发银行〔亚银〕Asian Development Fund [ADF] 亚洲发展基金Asian dollar bond 亚洲美元债券Asian dollar market 亚洲美元市场Asian dollar rate 亚洲美元利率Asian Securities Analysts Council [ASAC] 亚洲证券分析员公会Asia-Pacific Economic Co-operation [APEC] 亚太区经济合作组织〔亚太经合组织〕asked price 沽盘;喊价;索价;卖方报价assessable income 应评税入息assessable loss 应评税亏损assessable profit 应评税利润assessable value 应评税值assessed profit 估定利润assessed value 经评估价值assessment 评税;评定;估价;评税单assessment number 评税编号;估价编号assessment of additional tax 补加税评税assessment of performance 业绩评估;实绩评价Assessor 评税主任asset price bubbles 资产价格泡沫asset-backed securities 具资产保证的证券assets accretion 资产增值assets and liabilities 资产与负债assets betterment statement 资产递增表;资产改进表assets lending 实物放款;有抵押贷款assets of the company passing on the death 死者去世时转移的公司资产assets pledged as security for liabilities 用作负债抵押的资产assets portfolio 资产投资组合assets price 资产价格assets quality 资产质素assets realization 资产变现assets refinancing arrangement 资产再集资安排assets securitization 资产证券化assets situated outside Hong Kong 在香港以外地方的资产assets stripping 削减资产;拆卖资产assets value 资产值assignee 承让人assignment 转让;转让书;转让契assignment of interest 权益转让assignment of letters patent and trade mark 专利证书及商标转让assignment of property 物业转让;物业转让书assignment right 转让权assignor 转让人associate 有联系的人;有关连人士;相联者;合伙人;联系人Associate Clearing Housing Amsterdam B.V. 阿姆斯特丹联合结算所有限公司associate member 附属会员associated body corporate 相联法人团体associated company 相联公司;联属公司associated corporation 相联法团Association of Chartered Certified Accountants [ACCA] [United Kingdom] 公认会计师公会〔英国〕Association of Futures Exchange Brokers 香港期货经纪协会Association of South-East Asian Nations [ASEAN] 东南亚国家联盟〔东盟〕association of underwriters 承保人组织assumption of control 接管assurance 担保;保险;转易;转易书assurance of interest 权益的转易at 19XX price 按一九XX年价格计算at a discount 按赔价计算;按贴水价格计算;打折扣at a premium 按溢价计算;按升水价格计算at call 通知付款;按通知at constant market price 按固定市价计算at constant price 按固定价格计算at cost 按成本计算at current market price 按当时市价计算;按现时市价计算at current price 按当时价格计算;按现时价格计算at factor cost 按要素成本计算;按生产要素成本计算at money-of-the-day price 按付款当日价格计算at or better 按指定或较佳价位〔买卖指令〕at par 按面值计算;平价at sight 见票即付at the close 按收市盘at the opening 按开市盘attestation 见证;见证条款at-the-money option 平价期权attorney 受权人;受托代表人attornment 新拥有人承认书attributable profit 可归属利润attributable share value 可归属股份价值Auckland Stock Exchange 奥克兰证券交易所auction 拍卖auctioneer 拍卖商audit 审计;核数Audit Commission 审计署Audit Committee [Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited, Securities and Futures Commission] 稽核委员会〔香港联合交易所有限公司〕;核数委员会〔证券及期货事务监察委员会〕audit review 帐目审查Audit Sub-committee [Exchange Fund Advisory Committee] 审核小组〔外汇基金谘询委员会〕audited account 审计帐目;经审计的帐目audited annual account 经审计的周年帐目audited balance sheet 经审计的资产负债表auditor 核数师;核数主任;审计师auditor's certificate 核数师证明书;审计师证明书auditor's report 核数师报告;审计师报告Aussie bond 澳元债券austerity budget 紧缩预算Australia & New Zealand Banking Group Limited 澳洲纽西兰银行集团有限公司Australia All Ordinaries Index 澳洲所有普通股票指数Australian Dollar [AUD] 澳元Australian Options Market 澳大利亚期权市场Australian Securities Commission 澳洲证券事务监察委员会Australian Society of Certified Practising Accountants 澳洲执业会计师公会Australian Stock Exchange 澳大利亚证券交易所Austrian Schilling [A TS] 奥地利先令authentication 认证;鉴证authority to purchase 委托购买证;委购书authorization 认可;核准;授权;授权书authorization by direction 指示授权authorization by instruction 指令授权authorization by warrant 令状授权authorization of unit trust 单位信托的认可authorized agent 指定代理人authorized capital 法定资本authorized clerk 出市员authorized dealer 认可交易商authorized financ ial institution 认可财务机构authorized fund 认可基金authorized fund house 获授权的基金公司;认可基金公司authorized institution 认可机构authorized institution incorporated in Hong Kong 在香港成立为法团的认可机构authorized institution incorporated outside Hong Kong 在香港以外成立为法团的认可机构authorized insurer 获授权保险人;获认可承保人authorized investment 特准投资项目authorized person 获授权人authorized representative 获授权代表authorized share capital 法定股本automated quotation system 自动报价系统Automated Trading System [A TS] [Hong Kong Futures Exchange Limited] 自动交易系统〔香港期货交易所有限公司〕automatic adjustment mechanism 自动调整机制automatic adjustment system 自动调整系统Automatic Clearing House 自动票据交换所automatic exchange rates accumulation system 自动化汇率累集系统Automatic Order Matching and Execution System [AMS] 自动对盘及成交系统〔自动对盘系统〕automatic teller machine [A TM] 自动柜员机autopay 自动转帐available assets 可用资产available fiscal reserve 现存财政储备available profit 可用利润A vco Financial Services (Asia) Limited 富高财务(亚洲)有限公司average 平均;平均数;海损average basic salary 平均基本薪金average consumer expenditure 平均消费开支;一般消费开支average cost 平均成本average cost of land production 增辟土地平均成本average daily turnover 平均每日成交额average daily wage rate 平均每日工资率average expenditure pattern 平均开支模式average growth rate 平均增长率average net fixed assets 固定资产平均净值average of relatives 相对价格平均数average price 平均价格average propensity to consume 平均消费倾向;一般消费倾向average propensity to save 平均储蓄倾向;一般储蓄倾向average rate 平均率average revenue 平均收入;平均收益average stock 平均库存;平均存货average yearly rent 平均年租avoidance of double taxation 避免双重课税avoidance of tax 避税B share B股;乙类股份BA Asia Limited 美银亚洲有限公司BA Finance (Hong Kong) Limited 美银财务(香港)有限公司back duty 补缴税款back tax 补缴税款backdoor listing “借壳”上市;“买壳”上市back-to-back credit 对开信贷back-to-back loan 对销贷款backwardation 交割延期费〔证券〕;倒价〔期货〕;现货溢价bad debt 坏帐bad debt provision 坏帐准备bad year 歉年bailee 受寄人Bailiff 执达主任Bailiff Office 执达主任办事处bailment 委托保管balance 差额;余额;结余balance brought down 余额承上balance brought forward 〔上年度〕结转;余额承前balance carried down 余额转下balance carried forward 〔本年度〕结转;余额移后balance of international indebtedness 国际借贷差额;国际借贷平衡表balance of international payments 国际收支差额;国际收支平衡表balance of payments 国际收支差额;国际收支平衡表Balance of Payments Manual [International Monetary Fund] 《国际收支手册》〔国际货币基金组织〕balance of proceeds 收入余数balance of trade 贸易差额balance sheet 资产负债表balance sheet date 结算日balance with other banks 存放银行同业的结余balanced budget 平衡预算balancing allowance 结余免税额balancing charge 结余课税Bali International Finance Limited 百达利财务有限公司Banca Commerciale Italiana S.p.A. 意大利商业银行Banca Nazionale del Lavoro S.p.A. 意大利国家劳工银行S.p.A.Banco di Napoli S.p.A. 意大利拿玻里银行S.p.A.Bangkok Bank Public Company Limited 盘谷银行bank acceptance 银行承兑汇票bank account 银行账户bank account holder 银行账户持有人bank balance 银行结余bank book 银行存折bank cashier order 银行本票bank code 银行暗码bank draft 银行汇票Bank Examiner 银行审查主任Bank for International Settlements 国际结算银行bank guarantee 银行担保bank lending 银行贷款bank liquidity 银行流动资金bank loan 银行贷款Bank Melli Iran 伊朗国家银行bank note 银行纸币;钞票bank note handling fee 处理纸币的手续费bank note lawfully issued 合法发行的银行纸币bank note payable to bearer on demand 凭票要求付款予持票人的纸币bank note transaction 货币交易bank notes rate 现钞汇率Bank of America (Asia) Limited 美国(亚洲)银行有限公司Bank of America NT & SA美国银行Bank of A yudhya Public Company Limited 大城银行Bank of China 中国银行Bank of China Group 中银集团Bank of Communications 交通银行Bank of East Asia, Limited 东亚银行有限公司Bank of England 英伦银行Bank of Fukuoka Ltd. 褔冈银行Bank of India 印度银行Bank of Montreal 加拿大满地可银行Bank of Nova Scotia 加拿大丰业银行Bank of Scotland 苏格兰银行Bank of Taiwan 台湾银行Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi, Ltd. 东京三菱银行bank rate 银行利率;银行贴现率;银行牌价bank service charges 银行手续费;银行服务费bank statement 银行结单Bank, The [magazine] 《银行家杂志》bank trading day 银行营业日banker 银行家;银行业者;银行banker's acceptance 银行承兑汇票banker's authority 银行权能banker's book 银行簿册bankers' clearing house 银行票据交换所;银行票据结算所banker's draft 银行本票;银行汇票banker's order 银行付款委托书;银行本票banker's record 银行记录Bankers Trust Company 美国信孚银行banker's undertaking 银行承诺Banking Advisory Committee 银行业务咨询委员会Banking and Monetary Section [Financial Services Bureau] 银行及金融组〔财经事务局〕banking business 银行业务Banking (Code of Conduct) Guidelines 1986, The 《一九八六年银行业(行为守则)指引》Banking Development Division [Hong Kong Monetary Authority] 银行业拓展处〔香港金融管理局〕banking facility 银行融资;银行服务banking licence 银行牌照Banking Policy Department [Hong Kong Monetary Authority] 银行政策部〔香港金融管理局〕Banking Policy Division [Hong Kong Monetary Authority] 银行政策处〔香港金融管理局〕Banking Supervision Department [Hong Kong Monetary Authority] 银行监理部〔香港金融管理局〕Banking Supervision Division [Hong Kong Monetary Authority] 银行监理处〔香港金融管理局〕Banking Supervision Review Committee 银行监管检讨委员会banking supervisory authority 银行监管当局banking system 银行体系bank-related broker 与银行有关的经纪bankrupt 破产;破产人bankruptcy court 破产法庭Bankruptcy Estates Account 破产人产业账户bankruptcy notice 破产通知书bankruptcy order 破产令bankruptcy petition 破产呈请书bankruptcy proceeding 破产法律程序bank's buying rate 银行买价bank's selling rate 银行卖价Banque Nationale de Paris 法国国家巴黎银行Banque Worms 法安银行Barclays Bank plc 柏克莱国际银行bargain hunting 趁低吸纳;在低价位购入Barings crisis 霸菱危机base 基数;基值;基准;基础base cost 基准费用base date 基准日期;基日base index 基本指数base of valuation 估值基准base period 基期;评税基期base rate 基本利率;基本汇率base year 基准年;基年baseline 基线baseline expenditure 基线开支baseline-plus forecast 基线开支及额外开支预测base-weighted Laspeyres index 基本加权的拉斯佩尔指数base-year average price 基年平均价格basic allowance 基本免税额basic personal allowance 基本个人免税额basic salary 基本薪金;底薪basic value 基本值basic wage 基本工资;底薪basis 标准;基准;差价〔有价证券〕basis of assessment 评税标准;评税根据basis of consolidation 帐项综合算法basis of valuation of property 财产估价准则Basle Agreement 《巴塞尔协议》Basle Capital Accord 《巴塞尔资本协定》Basle capital adequacy requirement 巴塞尔资产充足要求Basle Committee 巴塞尔委员会Basle Committee on Banking Supervision 巴塞尔银行监管委员会Basle Committee's 3-times multiplier model 巴塞尔委员会的三倍乘数模式Basle Concordat 《巴塞尔协定》Basle Payments Committee 巴塞尔支付委员会Basle standardized approach 巴塞尔标准计算方法Bauhinia design coin 洋紫荆硬币Bayerische Landesbank Girozentrale 巴伐利亚州银行BCA Finance Limited 中亚财务有限公司BCOM Finance (Hong Kong) Limited 交通财务有限公司BDNI Finance Limited 印度尼西亚商业财务有限公司bear 看淡股市者;“淡友”;抛空投机者bear bond 熊债券bear market 熊市;跌市;淡市;空头市场bear position 空仓bearer 持票人bearer bill 不记名汇票bearer bond 不记名债券bearer certificate 不记名票据bearer cheque 不记名支票;来人支票bearer instrument 不记名文书bearer securities 不记名证券behaviour 走势;表现;行为Belgian Franc [BEF] 比利时法郎below-the-line account 线下帐目benchmark 基准benchmark database 基准数据库benchmark entry point 基准起薪点benchmark estimate 基准估计数字benchmark revision 基准数字修订benchmark survey 基准统计benchmark yield curve 基准收益率曲线beneficial holding 实益股份;实益持股量beneficial interest 实益权益beneficial interest in property 财产的实益权益beneficial interest in shareholding 所持实益股份beneficial owner 实益拥有人beneficial ownership 实益拥有权beneficial shareholding 实益股份beneficially interested 享有实质权益beneficially owned 实益拥有beneficially owned share 实益股份beneficiary 受益人;受惠人;受款人;受惠国beneficiary under a trust 信托受益人benefit 利益;福利;津贴;保险赔偿费benefit of contract 合约利益Bergen Bank 卑尔根银行best lending rate 最优惠贷款利率Best Practice Guide 《最佳执行指引》Best Practice Guide on Financial Disclosure by Authorized Institutions 《认可机构披露财务数据的最佳执行指引》bet 投注beta coefficient 贝他系数;“啤打”系数;投资风险与股市风险系数bets and sweeps tax 博彩及彩票税betterment 不动产增值;修缮经费betterment income 资产增值收入betterment profit 以资产增值方法计算的利润额betting duty 博彩税bid 叫价;出价;投标;提出拨款申请;买盘bid price 买价;投标价格;收购价bid rate 买价;投标价;拆入息率bidder 竞投人BII Finance Company Limited 印度尼西亚国际财务有限公司bilateral agreement 双边协议;双边协定bilateral meeting 双边会议bilateral netting agreement 双边净额结算协议bilateral repurchase agreement 双边回购协议bill 票据;账单;汇票;条例草案bill acceptance 票据承兑bill broker 票据经纪bill discounting company 票据贴现公司bill for clearing 交换票据;结算票据bill in a set 汇票联票bill of exchange 汇票bill of lading [B/L] 提单bill of sale [B/S] 卖据;动产抵押据bill payable after sight 见票后付款汇票bill payable on demand 凭票要求付款的汇票bill purchased 出口押汇;买入票据bill receivable 应收票据Bills of Exchange Law 《票据法》blank endorsement 空白背书;不记名背书blanket insurance 总括保险;综合保险;统保blanket policy 总括保险单;统保单block 交易单位〔证券〕;大宗股票;集团block allocation 整体拨款;整笔拨款block capital grant 整笔非经常补助金block discount policy 折扣统保单block grant 整笔补助金block grant system 整笔补助金制度block offer [securities] 整批发售〔证券〕block vote 整体拨款blue chip 蓝筹股;优质股票board lot 交易单位;上牌单位;“一手”Board of Governors of the International Monetary Fund 国际货币基金组织理事会Board of Governors of the World Bank 世界银行理事会Board of Hong Kong Futures Exchange Limited 香港期货交易所有限公司董事局Board of Inland Revenue 税务委员会Board of Review [inland revenue] 税务上诉委员会Board of Trade Clearing Corporation [Chicago] 交易所结算公司〔芝加哥〕Board of Treasury 库务管理委员会board trading 上板式买卖BOCI Capital Limited 中银国际融资有限公司body corporate 法团;法人团体Bogor Declaration 《茂物宣言》bogus transaction 虚假交易bona fide mortgage 真正抵押bona fide transaction 真正交易bona vacantia 无主财物bond 债券;担保契据;担保书;债权证明书bond denominated in Hong Kong dollars 以港元为本位的债券;港元债券bond fund 债券基金bond rating 债券评级bonded warehouse 保税仓bonus 花红;红利;奖金bonus issue 红股发行bonus share 红股book 簿册;帐簿book and paper 簿册及文据book close date 截止过户日期book debt 账面债项book entry 账面记录book loss 账面亏损;账面损失book of account 帐簿book profit 账面利润book reserve 账面储备book value 账面价值book-keeping transaction 账面交易boom year 经济高度增长年;景气年份booming market 旺市;好市;景气市场boost 上扬borrow 借入borrowed fund 借入资金borrowed stock 被借用证券borrower 借用人;借款人;借方borrowing 借款;借贷;举债borrowing and lending of stocks 借用及借出证券borrowing power 借贷权;借款能力borrowing upon stock 以公债形式借取款项bottom out 见底回升;停泻回升。

计算机专业英语试题及答案(A)

计算机专业英语试题及答案(A)

计算机专业英语试题及答案(A)湖北职业技术学院2007-2008学年度第⼀学期期末考核试卷考核课程:《计算机专业英语》考试类型:理论考试⽅式:闭卷笔试学⽣所在院系:计科系年级: 2006级试卷: A姓名:班级:学号:⼀、Give out the full names for the following abbreviations(写出下列缩写词的全称)(15%)ROM_______________________________________________CPU_________________________________________________BIOS_________________________________________________IT____________________________________________________WWW_______________________________________________HTML________________________________________________PCI__________________________________________________HR__________________________________________________GUI__________________________________________________MHz__________________________________________________⼆、Match the following words and expressions in the leftcolumn with those similar in meaning in the right)(10%)1. memory unit a. 半导体存储器2. intelligence b. 机制3. semiconductor memory c. 存储单元4. data definition language d. 数据定义语⾔5. mechanism e. 通信6. machine language f. 机器语⾔7. communication g. 智能8. distance education h. 远程教育9. pattern recognition i. 企业资源计划10.enterprise resource planning j. 模式识别1. () 6. ()2. () 7. ()3. () 8. ()4. () 9. ()5. () 10.()三、Translate the following phrases into English(将下列短语翻译成英语)(10%)1. 系统板 ( )2. 算术逻辑运算 ( )3. 机器码 ( )4. 帮助菜单 ( )5. 图形技术 ( )四、For each of the following blanks, four choices are given. Choosethe most appropriate one (从下⾯给出的四个选项中选择最恰当的答案)(30 %)1. The basic units of a computer system are as follows: _________A. CPU, memory and diskB. CPU, input and output unitC. CPU, memory and I/O systemD. CPU, memory and ALU2. Today , _________ can give you a music synthesizer, a fax machine, a CD-ROM drive, ect.A. input devicesB. expansion cardsC. output deviceD. joystick3. The control unit fetches _________ from memory and decodes them.A. dataB. informationC. resultsD. instructions4. When power is removed, information in the semiconductor memory is ________ .B. lostC. manipulatedD. remain5. Please find the item that is not belong to the DBA _________ . ( )A. storage structure and access method definitionB. schema definitionC. integrity constrain specificationD. DDL6. _________ is designed to manage large bodies of information.A. a file systemB. a transactionC. a database systemD. a database language7. A characteristic of operating system is _________ .A. resource managementB. memory managementC. error recoveryD. all the above8. Assembly-language instructions are a series of _________ .A. 0s and 1sB. abstract codesC. machine codesD. words9. _______ program also has potential benefits in parallel processing.A. MachineB. AssemblyC. Object-orientedD. Process-oriented10. An advantage of a ring network is that it needs less _________ .A. computerB. networkC. cableD. information11. An ISP supplies a _________ that you can dial from your computer to log on the internet server.B. private keyC. service numberD. help file12. To open Internet Explorer, just click Start, point to _________ , and then click Internet Explorer.A. ProgramsB. ViewC. LayoutD. Control Panel13. Electronic bulletin boards are _________ communication platforms.A. one-to-manyB. one-to-oneC. many-to-manyD. all above14. Followings are some image data file formats, which is wrong? _______A.*.TIFB. *.DOCC. *.BMPD. *.GIFC. it can rotate a three-dimensional model.D. it can do all above at the same time.15. By adding _________ to your programs, you can make computers more interesting and much more fun for the user.A. multimediaB. textC. musicD. picture五. To identify the following to be True or False accordingto computer knowledge( 根据计算机知识判别是⾮题)(10%)1. Registers in the control unit are used to keep track of the overall status of the program. ( )2. The basic resources of a computer system are software and data. (3. The chipset consists of two parts: North Bridge and South Bridge. ( )4. The *.BMP file can only be used in the IBM system. ( )5. ROM does not have the inputs and writing controls. ( )6. “ADD AX, BX ” is a instruction of machine language. ( )7. A data definition language can be used to define a database schema. ( )8. People can only use the ISP to connect Internet. ( )9. We can use E-mail only as a one-to-one platform. ( )10. Hypermedia is the same as multimedia. ( )六. Reading comprehension(阅读理解)(25%)(⼀) Fill in the blanks with suitable words or expressions from the list given below , and change the form where necessary (从下⾯所列词语中选择合适的词语, 以其适当的形式填空)(10%)high-level language assembly language writtenmachine language notationA programming language, designed to facilitate the communication between human and computers, is a__________________ for describing computation in readable form. There are 3 levels of programming languages, they are __________________, which can be run directly by computer; __________________and______________. There are different high-level programming languages. Fortunately , most of them have many kinds of construct in common and vary only in the way that these must be__________________ . Therefore, first thing to be decided about a task is to choose which programming language is best suited for the job.Passage AThe central processing unit (CUP) is the heart of the computer systems. Among other things, its configuration determines whether a computer is fast or slow in relation to other computers. The CPU is the most complex computer system component, responsible for directing most of the computer system activities based on the instructions provided. As one computer generation has evolved to the next, the physical size of the CPU has often become smaller and smaller, which its speed and capacity have increased tremendously. Indeed, these changes have resulted in micro-Computers that are small enough to fit on your desk and your lap.The CPU comprise the control unit and the arithmetic/logic unit (ALU).The control unit is responsible for directing and coordinating most of the computer systems activities. It determines the movement of electronic signals between main memory and the arithmetic/logic unit, as well as the control signals between the CPU and input/output devices.The ALU performs all the arithmetic and logical(comparison) functions—that is, it adds, subtracts, multiplies, divides, and does comparison. These comparisons, which are basically “less than”, “greater than”, and “equal to”, can be combined into several common expressions, such as “greater than or equal to”. The objective of most instructions that use comparisons is to determine which instruction should be executed next.(⼆) Tell whether the following statements are true(T) or false(F) according to the passage A(根据上⽂的内容判断下列句⼦的正误) (15%)1. With the development of computer, the physical size of the CPU has often become bigger and bigger. ( )2. The movement of electronic signals between main memory and the ALU as well as the control signal between the CPU and input/output devices are contro lled by the control unit of the CPU. ( )3. The CPU comprises the control unit and memory. ( )4. The control unit performs all the arithmetic and logical functions. ( )5. The central processing unit (CPU) is the heart of the computer systems. ( )命题教师游彦教研室主任签字【第页共页】湖北职业技术学院2007-2008学年度第⼀学期期末考核试卷参考答案及评分标准考核课程:计算机英语考试类型:理论考试⽅式:闭卷笔试学⽣所在院系:计科系年级: 2006 试卷: A执笔⼈:要求:明确标注每⼩题或每步骤得分点⼀. Give out the full names for the following abbreviations(写出下列缩写词的全称)(15%)( 本题共15分, 每⼩题1.5分)ROM: Read Only MemoryCPU: Central Processing UnitBIOS: Basic Input/Output UnitIT: Information TechnologyWWW: World Wide WebHTML: Hypertext Markup LanguagePCI: Peripheral Component InterconnectHR: Human ResourceGUI: Graphical User InterfaceMHz: Megahertz⼆. Match the following words and expressions in the left column with those similar in meaning in the right column(将左列的词汇与右列相应的汉语匹配)(10%)( 本题共10分, 每⼩题1分)1. ( c ) 6. ( f )2. ( g ) 7. ( e )3. ( a ) 8. ( h )4. ( d ) 9. ( j )5. ( b ) 10.( i )三. Translate the following phrases into English(将下列短语翻译成英语)(10%)( 本题共10分, 每⼩题2分)1. the system board2. Arithmetic logical operations3. machine code4. Help menu5. graphics technology四. For each of the following blanks, four choices are given. Choose the most appropriate one (从下⾯给出的四个选项中选择最恰当的答案)(30 %)( 本题共30分, 每⼩题2分)1. C2. B3. D4. B5. D6. C7. A8. B9. C 10. C 11. C 12. A13. A 14. B 15. A五.To identify the following to be True or False according to computer knowledge( 根据计算机知识判别是⾮题)(10%)( 本题共10分, 每⼩题1分)1. ( T )2. ( F)3. ( T )4. ( F )5. ( T )6. ( F )7. ( T )8. ( F )9. ( F )10. ( F )六.Reading comprehension(阅读理解)(25%)(⼀) Fill in the blanks with suitable words or expressions from the list given below, and change the form where necessary (从下⾯所列词语中选择合适的词语, 以其适当的形式填空)(10%)( 本题共10分, 每空2分)notation machine language assembly language high-level language written (3空和4空答案可互换)(⼆) Tell whether the following statements are true(T) or false(F) according to the passage A(根据上⽂的内容判断下列句⼦的正误) (15%)( 本题共15分, 每⼩题3分)1. ( F )2. ( T )3. ( F )4. ( F )5. ( T )教研室主任签字【第7 页共7 页】。

专业英语A评分标准

专业英语A评分标准
5.Development of Fluro Resin Coating
翻译要符合中文原意才可得分,同时注意标题中的首字母的大写。
五、阅读理解与改错(15分)。
1.(4分)
The influences of the chemical polishing solution component and operating conditions on the polishing effect of aluminium alloy studied quantitatively by reflectivity and gravimetric method.句中“studied”前加“were”
2.(6分)。
Keyword:chemical polishing aluminium
关键词写的不少于两个,不多于三个,但必须包含答案中的两个才能得全分,写出一个得3分。
3.根据文摘内容回答问题(5分)。
What methods have been applied in this paper?
Answer:Reflectivity method and gravimetric method.
11.electroless plating 12.current density
13.pigment14.salt spray test
15.phosphating
三、翻译(35分)。
1.碳钢的特性取决于碳的含量,碳钢在工业上有广泛的用途。
(1分) (1分) (1分) (1分)
2.工人们十分明白,为了防止塔器内壁腐蚀,就得使用防腐蚀材料。
二、根据中文含义写出单词(15分,每小题1分)。
1.electrochemistry 2.electrode

生物学专业英语词汇(A)

生物学专业英语词汇(A)

生物学专业英语词汇(A)2.4 dinitrophenol 2.4 二硝基苯酚3 hydroxyanthranilic acid 3 羟基2 氨基苯甲酸5 bromouracil 5 溴尿嘧啶a horizon a 层a v node 房室结abasia 步行不能abaxial 背轴的abaxial surface of the leaf 叶侧表面abbreviation 短缩abdomen 腹abdominal aorta 腹织脉abdominal appendage 腹肢abdominal cavity 腹腔abdominal fin 腹abdominal ganglion 腹神经节abdominal leg 腹肢abdominal pleopod 腹足abdominal pregnancy 腹腔妊娠abdominal reflex 腹壁反射abdominal respiration 腹呼吸abdominal segment 腹部环节abdominal wall 腹壁abdonimal 腹的abducens nerve 外展神经abducent muscle 外展肌abducent nerve 外展神经abductor 外展肌aberrant 异常的aberrant type 异常型aberration 异常aberration rate 畸变率abesity 多脂abietic acid 松脂酸ability 力ability for tillering 分蘖力abiogenesis 偶发abiogenetic 自然发生的abiological 非生物的abiosis 无生命abiotic 无生命的abiotic environment 无生命环境abiotic factor 非生物因素abiotic synthesis 非生物合成ablactation 断乳ablastin 抑菌抗体ablation 消融abnormal 不正常的abnormal haemoglobin 异常血红蛋白abnormal segregation 异常分离abnormality 异常性abo antigen abo 抗原abo blood group abo 血型abomasum 皱胃aboral pole 反口极aborigine 土著居民abortin 龙素abortion 龙abortive 龙的abortive infection 顿挫性感染abortive lysogenization 龙溶源化abortive pollen 败育花粉abortive transduction 龙转导above ground 地面上的abranchiata 无鳃类abrine 红豆碱abscess 脓肿abscessus 脓肿abscisic acid 脱落酸absciss layer 离层abscission 脱离abscission layer 离层abscission zone 离层带absence 缺乏absolute alcohol 绝对酒精absolute configuration 绝对构型absolute deviation 绝对偏差absolute humidity 绝对湿度absolute specificity 绝对特异性absolute temperature 绝对温度absorbent 吸收的absorbentl 吸收剂absorbing 吸收的absorbing material 吸收剂absorption 吸收absorption band 吸收带absorption capacity 吸收力absorption cross 替换回交absorption curve 吸收曲线absorption intensity 吸收强度absorption spectrum 吸收光谱absorptive 吸收的absorptive capacity 吸收力absorptive capacity of the coil 土壤吸取力absorptive cell 吸收细胞absorptive epithelium 吸收上皮absorptive hair 吸收毛absorptive power 吸收力absorptive tissue 吸收组织absorptivity 消光系数abstergent 清洁剂abstract community 抽象群落abstriction 溢断abterminal 离末端的abula cral foot 管足abundance 多度;丰富abundance of species 种丰度abyssal fauna 深海动物相abyssal zone 深海底带abzyme 抗体酶acacia 阿剌伯橡acanthin 棘质acanthocarpous 具刺果的acanthocephalans 棘头类acanthoid 刺状的acardia 无心脏acariasis 螨病acarid 螨acarinosis 螨病acariosis 螨病acarology 蜱螨学acarophily 螨植共生acarpous 无果实的acaulescent 无茎的acaulescent plant 无茎植物acauline 无茎的acaulose 无茎的acaulous 无茎的acceleration 加速accelerator 加速剂accelerator nerve 加速神经accelerator protein 促进朊accelerin 促凝血球蛋白acceptor 接受体acceptor control 受体第acceptor molecule 受体分子accessory adrenal 副肾上腺accessory axis 副轴accessory bud 副芽accessory chromosome 副染色体accessory glands 附腺accessory pigment 辅色素accessory placenta 副胎盘accessory pulsation organ 辅助搏动器accessory pulsatory organ 辅助搏动器accidental 偶然的accidental degeneracy 偶然退化accidental error 偶然误差accidental hermaphroditism 假雌雄同体现象accidental host 偶见寄主accidental regeneration 偶然再生accidental species 偶见种acclimatation 风土顺化acclimation 风土顺化acclimatization 风土顺化accommodation 蝶accommodation coefficient 适应系数accompanying species 伴生种accrescent 花后增大的accretion 增加accumbent 依伏的accumulated error 累积误差accumulated temperature 温度总和accumulation 累积accumulation of fat 脂肪累积accumulator organism 积蓄生物accuracy 准确acellular organism 非细胞生物acentric chromosome 无着丝粒染色体acentric dicentric translocation 无着丝粒二着丝粒移位acentric inversion 无着丝粒倒位acephalous larva 无头幼虫acerate 针状的acerose 针状的acerous 针状的acervate 聚生的acervuloma 沙瘤acervulus 分生孢子盘acetabulum 臼acetaldehyde 乙醛acetate 乙酸盐acetic acid 醋酸acetic acid bacterium 醋细菌acetic acid fermentation 醋酸发酵acetic anhydride 醋酐acetic fermentation 醋酸发酵acetification 乙酸化aceto carmine 乙酸洋红acetoacetic acid 乙酰醋酸acetobacter 醋细菌acetoin 3 羟基丁酮acetone 丙酮acetone body 酮体acetone butanol fermentation 丁基丙酮发酵acetone ethanol fermentation 乙基丙酮发酵acetone powder 酮粉acetyl coa 乙酰辅酶aacetyl phosphate 乙酰磷酸acetylation 乙酰化acetylcellulose 乙酰纤维素acetylcholine 乙酰胆碱acetylcholine receptor 乙酰胆碱受体acetylcholinesterase 乙酰胆碱酯酶acetylcoenzyme a 乙酰辅酶a acetylization 乙酰化ache 痛acheb 短生植被区achene 瘦果achenium 瘦果achenocarp 瘦果achlamydate 无被的achlamydeous 无被的achromacyte 无色红血球achromasie 核中染色质排出achromatic 非染色质的achromatic figure 非染色质象achromatic spindle 非染色质纺锤体achromatin 非染色质achromatocyte 无色红血球achromatophilia 不染色性achromatopsia 色盲achromatosis 色素缺乏achromycin 无色酶素acicle 针acicula 针acicular 针状的acicular leaf 针状叶acicular leaved tree 针叶树thermocouple pyrometer 热电偶高温计aciculum 足刺acid 酸acid base catalysator 酸碱催化剂acid base equilibrium 酸碱平衡acid base phosphorylation 酸碱磷酸化acid base titration 酸碱滴定acid decomposition 酸分解acid dye 酸性染料acid fast 耐酸的acid fast bacteria 耐酸菌acid fast staining 抗酸性染色acid fermentation 酸性发酵acid fuchsin 酸性品红acid fuchsine 酸性品红acid gland 酸腺acid mucopolysaccharide 酸性粘多糖acid neutralization capacity 酸中和能力acid nonfast 不耐酸的acid nonresistant 不耐酸的acid phosphatase 酸性磷酸酶acid plants 适酸植物acid proof 耐酸的acid protease 酸性蛋白酶acid rain 酸雨acid resistance 酸抗性acid resistant 耐酸的acid soil 酸性土壤acid solution 酸性溶液acid stainer 酸性染料acid treatment 酸处理acid value 酸值acidic agglutination 酸性凝集acidic amino acid 酸性氨基酸acidic dye 酸性染料acidification 酸化acidimeter 酸定量器acidimetry 酸量法acidity 酸度acidity indicator 酸性指示植物acidity indicator plant 酸性指示植物acidocyte 嗜酸性白血球acidolysis 酸解acidophil 适酸的acidophilia 嗜酸性acidophilic 嗜酸的acidophilous 嗜酸的acidophilous plant 嗜酸植物acidophyte 酸性植物类acidophytes 适酸植物acidosis 酸中毒acidotrophic 酸营养的acidotrophic lake 酸性湖acidulous 弱酸性的acinose 粒状的acinous 粒状的acinous gland 泡状腺acme 极盛期aconitase 乌头酸酶aconite 乌头aconitic acid 乌头酸aconitin 乌头碱aconitine 乌头碱acontium 枪丝acorn 槲果acotyledon 无子叶植物acotyledonous 无子叶的acoustic 听觉的acoustic cell 听细胞acoustic nerve 听神经acoustic vesicle 听囊acoustical 听觉的acoustical signal 音信号acquired antibody 获得抗体acquired character 获得特征acquired immune deficiency syndrome 获得性免疫缺陷综合征艾滋病acquired immunity 获得性免疫缺陷综合征后天免疫acquired resistance 获得抵抗性acquired tolerance 获得耐受性acquisition 获得acrania 无头类acrasin 聚集素acridine 吖啶acriflavine 吖啶黄素acritochromacy 色盲acritochromatocy 色盲acroblast 原顶体acrocarpic 顶果的acrocarpous 顶果的acrocentric 具近端着丝点的acrogamy 顶端受精acrolein 丙烯醛acromegaly 肢端肥大症acromicria 短肢acromion 肩峰acropetal 向顶的acrosome 顶体acrospore 顶生孢子acrosyndese 端部联会acrosyndesis 端部联会acrylamide gel 丙烯酰胺凝胶acrylic acid 丙烯酸act 行动actin 肌动蛋白actin filament 朊纤蛋白丝actin rehulatory protein 肌动蛋白第蛋白actinobacillus 放线杆菌actinobiology 放射生物学actinometer 日射计actinometry 感光测定actinomorforous 辐射对称的actinomorphic 放射型的actinomorphic flower 辐射对称花actinomorphous 放射型的actinomycetes 放线菌类actinomycin 放线菌素actinomycosis 放线菌病actinophage 放线菌噬菌体actinopodium 放线伪足actinopterygian fishes 辐亚纲鱼类actinostele 星状中柱actinotherapy 光疗法actinotrocha 辐轮幼虫actinotropism 向日性actinozoans 珊烘类actinula 辐射幼虫action 反应规范action current 动诅流action mechanism 酌机制action potential 动诅位action spectrum 活动光谱action system 酌系activated alumina 活性矾土activated molecule 活化分子activated sludge 活性淤泥activated sludge organism 活性淤泥生物activating enzyme 激活酶activation 活化activation centre 激动中心activation energy 活化能activation heat 激活热activation of amino acids 氨基酸活化activator 活化剂active 活性的active acetate 活性醋酸active anaphylaxis 能动过敏症active carbon 活性炭active center 活性中心active immunity 自动免疫active oxygen 活性氧active precursor 活性前体active principle 有效物质active site 活性中心active state 活动状态active substance 有效物质active transfer 织运输active transport 织运输activity 活度activity metabolism 活动代谢activity rhythm 活动节律activity unit 活性单位actomyosin 肌动球蛋白actomyosin thread 肌动球蛋白纤维actynomyces 放线菌类aculeate 有剌的acupuncture 针术acute 急尖的acutiflorous 尖花的acutifoliate 尖叶的acyclic 非轮生的acyclic flower 非轮生花acyclic phyllotaxis 非轮生叶序acyl adenylate 酰基腺苷酸acyl coa synthetase 酰coa 合成酶acyl enzyme 酰基酶acyl phosphate 酰基的磷酸酯acylase 酰化酶acylation 酰化酌;酰化adamantoblast 成釉细胞adaotative topography 适应地形图adaptability 适应性adaptation 适应adaptation disease 适应病adaptation to light 光适应adaptative control 适应控制adaptative hormone 适应激素adapter 活配器连接物adaptive character 适应特性adaptive colour 适应色adaptive convergence 适应乾adaptive enzyme 诱导酶adaptive hormone 适应激素adaptive phase 适应期adaptive radiation 适应辐射adaptive reaction 适应反应adaptive response 适应响应adaptive significance 适应值adaptive value 适应值adaptometer 适应计adaptor 活配器连接物adaptor molecule 衔接分子adaxial 向轴的adaxial surface of the leaf 叶下面adder 蝮蛇addison's disease 艾迪生氏病addition reaction 加成反应additional fertilizer 追肥additive effect 加性效应additive factor 加性因素additive genetic variance 加性遗传方差additive species 加性种additive variance 加性方差additives 附加剂adductor impression 收肌痕adductor muscle 内收肌adelphogamy 姊妹交配adenase 腺嘌呤酶adenine 腺嘌呤adenine deaminase 腺嘌呤脱氨酶adenocarcinoma 腺癌adenocyte 腺细胞adenofibroma 腺纤维瘤adenohypophysis 腺垂体adenoid 腺样的adenoid tissue 腺样组织adenoma 腺瘤adenomatous carcinoma 腺癌adenophyllous 腺叶的adenosarcoma 腺肉瘤adenose 腺的adenosinase 腺甙酶adenosine 腺苷adenosine diphosphate 腺苷二磷酸adenosine monophosphate 腺苷一磷酸adenosine triphosphatase 腺苷三磷酸酶adenosine triphosphate 腺苷三磷酸adenosylcobalamine 腺甙钴胺生素adenovirus 腺病毒;腙样病毒adenylate 腙甙酸盐adenylate cyclase 腺苷酸环化酶adenylate kinase 腺苷酸激酶adenylic acid 腺苷酸adenylic deaminase 腺苷酸脱氨酶adeps lanae 羊毛脂adequate stimulus 适宜刺激adermin 抗皮炎素adherence 附着adhesion 附着adhesive 粘着性物质adhesive culture 附着培养adhesive disc 吸盘adhesive organ 附着瀑adhesive power 粘着力adhesiveness 粘着性adipic acid 巳二酸adipocellulose 脂纤维素adipochrome 脂肪色素adipogenesis 脂肪生成adipopexis 脂肪沉着adipose 脂肪的adipose cell 脂细胞adipose fin 脂adipose tissue 脂肪组织adiposis hepatica 脂肪肝adipositas 多脂adiposity 肥胖adjoining 并列adjustment 蝶adjustor 蝶器adjuvant 辅助剂administration 投药admissible error 容许误差adnate 联生的adolescaria 后囊蚴adolescarin 后囊蚴adolescence 青年期adonit 侧金蓝醇adonitol 侧金蓝醇adoptive immunity 继承性免疫adoral 口侧的adp 腺苷二磷酸adradial canal 副辐射管adradius 纵辐adrenal body 肾上腺adrenal cortex 肾上腺皮质adrenal cortical hormone 肾上腺皮质激素adrenal ferredoxin 肾上腺铁氧还蛋白adrenal gland 肾上腺adrenal hormone 肾上腺激素adrenal medulla 肾上腺髓质adrenal medullary hormone 肾上腺髓质激素adrenalin 肾上腺素adrenalin dxidase 肾上腺激素氧化酶adrenaline 肾上腺素adrenalinemia 肾上腺素血adrenergic 肾上腺素性的adrenergic nerve 肾上腺素激导性神经adrenin 肾上腺素adrenochrome 肾上腺素红adrenocortical hormone 肾上腺皮质激素adrenocorticotropic hormone 促肾上腺皮质激素adrenodoxin 皮质铁氧还蛋白adrenosterone 肾上腺甾酮adrenotoxin 肾上腺毒素adrenotropic 泅上腺性的adsorbate 吸附物adsorbent 吸着剂adsorption 吸附adsorption capacity 吸附力adsorption chromatography 吸附色谱分析法adsorption equilibrium 吸附平衡adsorption isotherm 吸附等温线adsorption theory 吸附论adsorption water 吸附水adult 已成熟的adult haemoglobin 成人血红蛋白adult moult 羽化advancement of ripening 成熟加速adventitious 不定的adventitious bud 不定芽adventitious embryo 不定胚adventitious plant 偶然产生植物adventitious root 不定根adventitive bud 不定芽adventive 不定的adventive embryo 不定胚adventive root 不定根adventive species 外来种adverse effect 副酌adynamia 无力aecheocyte 原始生殖细胞aecidiospore 锈孢子aecidium 锈孢子器aeciospore 春孢子aeciostage 锈孢子期aedaeagus 阳茎aedeagus 阳茎aedoeology 生殖僻aerated culture 通气培养aerating root 呼吸根aerating tissue 通气组织aeration 通气aerenchyma 通气组织aerial 气生的aer。

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译文:(第一课)给水工程众所周知,水的供应对生命的生存至关重要。

人类需要喝水,动物需要喝水,植物也需要喝水。

社会的基本功能需要水:公共卫生设施的冲洗,工业生产过程耗水,电能生产过程的冷却用水。

在这里,我们从两方面讨论水的供给:)1、地下水供给2、地表水供给地下水是通过打井而得到的重要直接供水水源,也是一种重要的间接供水水源,因为地表溪流(或小河)会经常得到地下水的补给。

在靠近地表的通气层中,土壤孔隙内同时包含着空气和水。

这一地层,其厚度在沼泽地可能为零,在山区则可能厚达数百英尺,蕴涵三种类型的水分。

重力水,是在暴雨过后进入较大的土壤孔隙中的水。

毛细水是在毛细作用下进入较小的土壤孔隙中的水,它能够被植物吸收。

吸湿水是在不是最干燥的气候条件下由于分子间引力而被土壤稳定下来的水。

地表通气层的湿气是不能通过凿井方式作为供水水源的。

位于通气层以下的饱和层,土壤孔隙中充满着水,这就是我们通常所说的地下水。

包含大量地下水的地层称为含水层。

通气层和含水层之间的水面称为地下水位或浅层地下水面,地下水静压力与大气压力相等。

含水层可延伸相当深度), but because the weight of overburden material generally closes pore spaces(但因为地层负荷过重会压缩(封闭、关闭)土壤孔隙,深度超过600m,即2000英寸,就基本找不到地下水了。

能够含水层中自由流出的水量称为单位产水量。

The flow of water out of a soil can be illustrated using Figure 1(土壤中水流如图1所示). The flow rate must be proportional to the area through which flow occurs times the velocity (流量与流水面积成比例,流经该土壤面积的流量等于面积与速率成的乘积), orQ=AvWhere(此式中)Q=flow rate , in m3/sec(流量,单位为m3/s)【cubic meter per second】A=area of porous material through which flow occurs, in m2(渗透性土壤的流水断面,单位为m2)v=superficial velocity, in m/sec(表观流速(表面流速),单位为m/s)表观流速当然不是水在土壤中流动的真实速度,因为土壤固体颗粒所占据的体积大大地降低了水流通过的空间。

如果a代表水的流经断面面积,那么Q=Av=av'Where(此式中)v'=actual velocity of water flowing through the soil(水流在土壤中的真实流速)a=area available for flow(水的流经断面面积)Solving for v',(求解v')v'=Av/aIf a sample of soil is of some length L, then(如果土壤样品具有一定长度)v'=Av/a=AvL/(aL)=v/porosity(v/孔隙率)因为总的土壤样品体积为AL,实际的水流动空间则为aL。

Water flowing through the soil at a velocity v'loses energy(水在以v'速度流动的过程中会损失能量), just as water flowing through a pipeline or an open channel does(这与水在管道或明渠中流动是一样的). This energy loss per distance traveled is defined as(单位长度的能量损失定义为)energy lose(能量损失)=△h/△LWhere(此式中)h=energy, measured as elevation of the water table in an unconfined aquifer or as pressure in a confined aquifer, in m(能量,在非承压含水层中,即水位线的标高;在承压含水层中,即压力;单位为m)L=horizontal distance in direction of flow, in m(水流水平距离的长度,m)The symbol(delta) simply means “a change in,” as in “a change in length, L.” (符号△仅仅表示一种变化,如在长度上出现的一种变化)Thus this equation means that there is a change(loss) of energy, h, as water flows through the soil some distance, L.(这个公式表示的是当水在土壤间隙中的流动距离为L是,出现能量上的变化为h)In an unconfined aquifer(在非承压含水层), the drop in the elevation of the water table with distance is the slope of the water table in the direction of flow(水位线高度在水流距离上的落差是一个沿水流方向的水位斜坡). The elevation of the water surface is the potential energy of the water(水面的高度表示着水的势能), and water flows from a higher elevation to a lower elevation(水从高处流向低处时), losing energy along the way(沿程会有能量的损失). Flow through a porous medium such as soil is related to the energy loss using the Darcy equation(水在类似于土壤的多孔性介质中流动时的水头损失按达西公式计算)Q=KA(△h/△L)Where(式中)K=coefficient of permeability, in m/day(渗透系数,单位为m/d)A=cross-sectional area, in m2(过水断面面积,单位为m2)The Darcy equation makes intuitive sense(达西公式给人直觉), in that the flow rate (Q) increases with increasing area (A) through which the flow occurs and with the drop in pressure, △h/△L(流量随着过流面积和压降的增大而增大). The greater the driving force( the difference in upstream and downstream pressures), the greater the flow (驱动水的压力差越大[指上下游间的不同水压],水的流量越大). The factor, K (系数K ), is the coefficient of permeability (指渗透性系数), an indirect measure of the ability of a soil sample to transmit water (土壤样品透水能力的间接指标), can be measured by a permeameter shown in Figure 2(能够通过图2所示的渗透测试仪测得); it varies dramatically for different soils (不同土壤的渗透系数相差很大), ranging from about 0.005m/day for clay (粘土仅0.005m/d )to over 5000m/day for gravel (砾石则超过5000m/d ). The coefficient ofpermeability is measured commonly in the laboratory using permeameters (渗透系数一般在实验室通过渗透测试仪测得), which consist of a soil sample through which a fluid such as water is forced (渗透测试仪含有一些土壤样品,在压力的作用下使诸如水的液体通过它们). The flow rate is measured for a given driving force (difference in pressures) through a known area of soil sample (在已知的过流断面面积下,测定不同驱动压力下水的流量), and the permeability calculated (然后通过计算得到渗透系数K ).如果一口井打到潜水含水层(如图3所示),并将水抽出,含水层中的水将会流向井。

当水到达井时水流经的面积逐渐变小,因此需要得到较高的表面(以及实际)流速。

较高的流速当然会导致能量损失的增加,和能量梯度必然增加,形成下降漏斗。

地下水的水位的降低称为水位降低。

如果流向井的水流量等于从井中抽出的水流量,这种状态为平衡状态,水位降低保持不变。

然而,如果抽出的水流量增加,必需由流向井的径向流(放射流、辐射流)来补偿,这样就会导致形成更深的地下漏斗。

假设(考虑)有一个圆柱体(如图4所示),水流从圆柱表面流向中心。

运用达西公式:(2)h h Q KA K rh L L π∆∆==∆∆ (7)式中,r 是圆柱体的半径,2rh π是圆柱体的过流表面积。

当水从圆柱的表面流入时,如果以相同的速度将水从圆柱的中心抽出,那么将上述等式求积分得出产水量。

221212()ln K h h Q r r π-= (8)式中,h1和h2分别表示井的半径为r1和r2时的地下水位高度。

这个等式可以利用潜水含水层中两个观测井的水平面测量来估算一个距井任何距离的给定水位降低量的抽水量,如图5所示。

而且,知道了井的半径,就可以估算井的水位下降量,这是下降漏斗的临界点。

如果抽水后的水位一直下降到含水层的底部,说明井干涸了——无法抽不出你所需求的水量。

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