湖南省2018年中考英语总复习第三部分题型集训三任务型阅读试题人教新目标版201802261118

题型集训三任务型阅读
类型一阅读回答问题
题|组|训|练|1 事物介绍类
A
Many young people these days are interested in extreme sports, which mean very dangerous activities that need speed, height, or a high level of physical exertion(努力). Bungee jumping, snowskating, parkour and surfing are very popular extreme sports, but mountain climbing might be the first.
In 1985, two British young men, Joe Simpson and Simon Yates became the first west faces to climb the 6344­meter Siula Grande in the Andes(安第斯山脉). On the way down, Simpson fell and broke his leg, and then he slipped(滑) down and lost connection with his friend. Yates had to get for help. Simpson fell more than 100 feet and landed on a bridge of ice. Finally he crawled(爬) for three days without food or water, until he reached the camp.
On April 26, 2003, when Aron Rolston was climbing alone in Utah, his arm was caught under a 360­kilo rock and he couldn't move. After five days of waiting for help, the 28­year­old American ran out of water and finally he cut off half his right arm with a small knife to free himself. He also bandaged(包扎) himself in order not to lose too much blood. In 2004, he wrote a book named Between a Rock and a Hard Place. “In this book，” Aron said, “I want to tell the readers the importance of making good decisions, and of being in control of one's life.”
1．How many kinds of extreme sports are mentioned in the first paragraph?
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2．Did Simpson and Yates' disasters happen on the way up the mountain?
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3．How did Simpson get back to the camp?
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4．What did Aron do to save himself when he ran out of water?
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5．Why did Aron write the book Between a Rock and a Hard Place?
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B
Have you seen the videos on TV? Do you wear large T­shirts and baggy jeans? Or have you heard someone rap(说唱)? Hip­Hop is very hot now.
Hip­Hop music was started in the middle of the 1970s by African American in New York. The music, break­dancing(霹雳舞) and graffiti(涂鸦) make up Western Hip­Hop culture. Most of the Hip­Hop songs are about love, jobs or even games.
Usually in rap, singers speak words very quickly to a certain beat. Most of the words are fun. Singers play off words to make fun of themselves or others. Hip­Hop music has few rules. Singers just do what they think and rap it out in a clever or creative(创造性的) way. It makes a lot of teenagers fall in love with the music. Many of them like wearing large T­shirts and baggy jeans. Famous rap and Hip­Hop stars include Eminem in the US and Jay Chou from China.
Today Hip­Hop is more and more popular acr oss most of the world.
1．Is Hip­Hop very hot now?
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2．When was Hip­Hop music started?
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3．What are most of the Hi p­Hop songs about?
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4．Does Hip­Hop have many rules or few rules?
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5．Why do a lot of teenagers fall in love with the music?
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C
Do you wish to know more secrets of the sea? With the help of the new floating(漂浮) science lab, we may soon reach a new age of discovery deep in our oceans.
This exciting new research lab is called the SeaOrbiter. The lab will hold 18—22 scientists at any one time. Its aim is to study biology, and explore the oceans' ecosystems. It will be 170 feet(51.8 meters) tall, but two­thirds of the lab will be underwater. This is to get closer to marine(海洋的) life. The top third of the lab will be above water. It will include a fitness room, a room for putting boats and a 360­degree view of the sea. Imagine the beautiful sights the scientists will get to see. What's more, the SeaOrbiter is environmentally friendly. It will run on wind, wave and solar power(太阳能)．
The SeaOrbiter was designed by Jacques Rougerie from France. He told Inhabitat, a technology website, that the SeaOrbiter would become a main tool in exploring the oceans, and a useful place to study the oceans.
It's a very great task. “SeaOrbiter is the only ship in the world allowing a 24­hour exploration of the open sea and dark place under the sea，” said Rougerie. With this in mind, it's expected to cost around $53 million (323 million yuan) to complete.
1．What can help us know more secrets of the sea?
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2．How many scientists can work together in the lab at the same time?
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3．Why will two thirds of the lab be under water?
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4．How will the SeaOrbiter be used in our oceans?
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5．Has this ship been completed yet?
________________________________________________________________________ 题|组|训|练|2 日常故事类
A
Once upon a time, in the forest there lived a baby elephant, who had no friends. None of the animals wanted to be his friend because he was too large.
One day, a wild fire happened in the forest. The animals ran to safer places. The
dry trees caught fire and the fire was sure to go all around the forest. The baby elephant ran to the nearest river, collected much water in his trunk(象鼻) and rushed to the burning trees. He sprayed(喷) the water on the forest. Finally, he put out the fire.
Later, while he was resting after the hard job, all the animals and birds came to him and expressed their thanks for his kind help in time. They were now ready to regard him as their good friend and their hero. They said, “A friend in need is a friend indeed.”
The baby elephant was happy to get so many friends and played games with them. He walked through the forest, carrying several small animals and birds on his back.
1．Why did the baby elephant have no friends at first?
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2．Where did the wild fire happen?
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3．Who put out the fire in the end?
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4．At last, did all the other animals regard the baby elephant as a good friend?
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5．What can we learn from the story?
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B
A beautiful, expensively dressed young lady came to see the doctor and complained that her whole life was empty: It had no meaning.
The doctor called over an old lady who cleaned the office floors, and then said to the rich lady, “I'm going to ask Mary here to tell you how she found happiness. All I want you to do is to listen.”
So the old lady put down her broom(笤帚) and began her story, “Good afternoon, madam. I'm a cleaner in this hospital. Now let me tell you something about my life experience. Well, my husband died of heart disease and three months later my only son was killed by a car. I had nobody…I had nothing left. I couldn't sleep; I couldn't eat; I never smiled at anyone; I even thought of taking my own life because I didn't want to live alone in the world. Then one evening a little cat followed me home from work. Somehow I felt sorry for it. I decided to let the cat in. I got it some milk, and it licked(舔) the plate clean. Then it purred and rubbed(蹭) against my leg, and for the first time in months, I smiled. Then I began to think: If helping a little cat could make me smile, maybe doing something for people could make me happy. So the next day I took some rice, vegetables and meat to my neighbor who was sick in bed. Every day I tried to do something nice for someone. It made me feel so happy to see them happy. Today, I don't know of anybody who sleeps and eats better than I do. I've found happines s, by giving it to others.”
When she heard that, the rich young lady cried. She had everything that money could buy, but she had lost the things which money couldn't buy.
1．Did the young lady complain that her whole life was empty?
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2．What did the old lady do?
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3．Why did the old lady never smile at anyone?
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4．What made the old lady feel happy?
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5．Who do you want to learn from, the young lady or the old lady? Why?
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C[2017·泸州]
A young officer was teaching some old soldiers (士兵). They had been in the army for many years and did not like officers, young or old.
They did not think this young officer could tell them anything about how to fight in a war.
Jones was nearly sixty years old and had fought in many wars.
“Imagine you are in a war，” the young officer said to him. “You see seven hundred enemy soldiers coming towards you. What do you do？”
Jones thought for a short time, then he said, “I shoot them all with my rifle(步枪)．”
“Now imagine there are seven hundred enemy soldiers coming to you from the right. What do you do？”
“I shoot them with my rifle，” Jones told him.
“OK，” the young officer went on, trying to get the answer he wanted. “But if there are a thousand enemy soldiers coming at you from the right, a thousand coming at you from the left, and another thousand coming straight towards you. What do you do now？”
“I shoot them with my rifle，” Jones replied.
“But where are you getting all the bullets(子弹) from？” the young officer asked in a loud voice.
Jones smiled, “From the same place you are getting all those enemy soldiers.”
1．What was the young officer doing?
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2．Why didn't the old soldiers like the young officer?
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3．How old was Jones?
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4．What did Jones do when all the enemy soldiers came towards him?
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5．Where was Jones getting the bullets from?
________________________________________________________________________ 题|组|训|练|3 文化风俗类
A[2017·邵阳]
Most people drink tea in the world. But tea does not mean the same thing to different people. In different countries, people have different ideas about drinking tea.
In China, for example, tea is often served when people get together. Chinese people
drink it at home or in tea houses at any time of the day. They often use hot water to boil tea leaves.
Tea is also important in other Asian countries. People in these countries have a special way of serving tea. They hold a tea ceremony in their houses when important guests come. It is very old and full of meaning. Everything must be done in a special way in the ceremony. There is even a special room for it in their houses.
In the United States, people usually drink tea at breakfast or they drink it after meals. Americans usually use tea bags to make tea. This way is faster and easier than the way of making tea in teapots. In summer, most Americans drink iced tea. They like to put some ice in their tea.
1．Do most people drink tea in the world?
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2．What do Chinese people often use to boil tea leaves?
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3．When do people usually drink tea in the USA?
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4．What kind of tea do most Americans drink in summer?
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5．What does the underlined word “It” mean?
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B
Do you want to know more cultures about other countries? Here are some messages you may be interested in.
Taking off your shoes or not
It's bad manners to take off your shoes at the door of a London dinner party. But in Asia if you don't take off your shoes before entering a home, you are not polite enough.
What you should do instead: If you see a row of shoes at the door, take off your shoes. If not, keep the shoes on.
Talking over dinner
In some countries, like Japan, don't start talking while everyone else is having dinner. You'll meet with silence—not because your group is unfriendly，but because mealtime is for eating, not talking. Also don't talk in places like churches in Europe.
What you should do instead: Keep quiet!
Knowing your right from your left
Some cultures in Africa and the Middle East still like to eat in traditional ways—using their hands. When people eat in this way, food is often offered for several people to share at the same time. That is why it's important to wash your hands before eating. While eating, you have to follow the rules: Eat using your right hand, and use your left hand to do other things. Another thing to remember: Eat the food that's closest to you. Don't put your hand into the center of the table.
What you should do instead: Follow the others and use your right hand. Even children who are left­handed in this culture are taught to eat with their right hands. If you really can't, explain yourself to others before you eat.
1．Is it good manners to take off your shoes at the door of a London dinner party?
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2．Why do Japanese people keep silent while eating?
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3．What is important in Africa and the Middle East before eating?
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4．How many rules should you remember while eating in Africa?
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5．What does the passage mainly talk about?
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C[2017·长沙]
“May we all be blessed with longevity. Thoug h miles apart, we are still able to share the beauty of the moon together(但愿人长久，千里共婵娟)，”wrote Su Shi, a poet during the Song Dynasty, in his well­known poem to his younger brother Su Zhe.
The moon is at its brightest on the 15th day of the eighth month of the lunar calendar(阴历). On this day, people celebrate the Mid­Autumn Festival. It has been enjoying great popularity all over the country.
In ancient China, that day was a harvest(收获)festival because crops(庄稼) were harvested during that period. It was a time for relaxation and celebration.
Just like Thanksgiving in Western countries, families also try to get together for the Mid­Autumn Festival in China. Usually, no matter how far away or how busy they are, people will try to return home for the celebration.
The Mid­Autumn Festival has its own special food just as other traditional Chinese holidays. People eat moon cakes with fillings such as sugar and eggs. The round shape of the cake makes it look like the full moon. The full moon and moon cakes stand for family reunion(团聚)．
With the beautiful moon up in the sky, people sit together, enjoy the full moon, eat moon cakes and fruits, share the stories, and express the best wishes for the family members and friends who live afar.
1．Who did Su Shi write the poem for in Paragraph One?
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2．Why was the Mid­Autumn Festival a harvest festival in ancient China?
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3．Do Thanksgivin g and the Mid­Autumn Festival have anything in common?
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4．What do the full moon and moon cakes stand for?
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5．How do people spend the night of the Mid­Autumn Festival? (List at least three activities.)
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题|组|训|练|4 哲理故事类
A[2017·齐齐哈尔]
A little stream(小溪)ran down from a high mountain through many villages and forests. Then she reached a desert. “ I went through so many difficulties. I should have no problem crossing the desert，” she thought. As she started, she found herself slowly vanishing(消失) into the sand. After many tries, she still failed. “Ma ybe I can't reach the ocean，” she said sadly to herself.
At this time, a deep voice said, “If wind can cross the desert, so can a river.” It was the voice of the desert. But the little stream answered, “That's because the wind can fly, but I can not.”
“Tha t's because you can't give up what you are. Let yourself evaporate(蒸发) into the wind and it can take you across me，” said the desert. “ Give up what I am now? No! No！” the little stream could not accept this idea. “The wind can carry the vapor(蒸汽) across the desert and let it leave as rain. The rain will form a river again，” said the desert.“And whether you're a river or vapor, your nature never changes.” After hearing this, the little stream went into the open arms of the wind. It carried her to the next stage of her life.
The course of our lives is like the experience of the little stream. If you want to go through difficulties in your life to head for success, you should also change the way you are.
1．Did the little stream want to reach the ocean or the desert at last?
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2．Was the little stream able to cross the desert at first?
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3．Who gave the advice to the little stream?
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4．What did the little stream do after hearing the desert's words?
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5．What can you realize from the experience of the little stream in this passage?
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B[2017·吉林]
One day, a baby snail(蜗牛)found that he had to carry a big and heavy shell at any time. He was confused(困惑的), so he went up to h is mother and asked, “Why was I born with a shell that grew so hard and heavy？” His mother said, “Because we don't have bones to hold us up. We can only move slowly, so we need a shell to protect us.”
The baby snail asked again, “The caterpillar(毛毛虫) has no bones, either, and she can't move quickly. Why can she live without a shell？” The mother snail answered, “That's because a caterpillar will become a butterfly(蝴蝶). She can fly high into the sky. The sky can protect her.”
The baby snail had one more quest ion, “But the earthworm(蚯蚓) moves like us. He has no bones and he won't turn into a butterfly. Why doesn't he carry a hard and heavy shell？” His mother said, “He can dig a hole and hide in the ground, and then the earth can protect him.”
The baby snail the n cried, “We are so poor! We have no protection from the sky
or from the ground！” His mother smiled at him, “That's why we have a shell. My dear, imagine that if we don't have the shells, what will happen to us? Hot sun will dry out our bodies and we'll have nowhere to sleep. What's worse, we'll die in the heavy rain. How terrible it is! We don't depend on the sky or the ground for protection. We should depend on ourselves.”
1．Whom did the baby snail ask for help, his mother or father?
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2．What will the caterpillar in the story become when she grows up?
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3．Where can an earthworm hide?
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4．How many questions did the baby snail ask?
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5．Who should the snails depend on according to the story?
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C
Long long ago, there was a man living in a village with his wife and two children. They had a hen. It laid a golden egg every day. The man sold the golden egg and the family lived a rich and comfortable life.
But the man was very greedy(贪婪的). He wanted to get all the golden eggs from his hen at a time. So, he thought hard every day about how to achieve it and he got a plan at last. He decided to kill the hen and get all the eggs. He didn't want to tell his wife about the plan because he wanted to give her a big surprise. He was so excited about his great plan. He even started to sing when he thought of the plan.
The next day when the hen laid a golden egg, the man couldn't wait to take a knife and cut its body open. However, there was nothing but blood(血液) all around. There weren't any eggs at all. He was very sad because he would not get even one egg now.
Their life used to be comfortable with one egg a day, but now their life changed a lot.
How silly he was!
1．How many children did the man have?
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2．Had the man's family lived a rich and comfortable life before he killed the hen?
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3．Why did the man kill the hen?
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4．What did the man get from the hen at last?
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5．What do you think of the man in the passage?
________________________________________________________________________ 题|组|训|练|5 观点建议类
A
How Can You Become a Successful Learner?
Everyone is born with the ability to learn. But whether or not you can do this well depends on your learning habits. Research shows that successful learners have some good habits in common.
Creating an interest in what they learn
Studies show that if you are interested in something, your brain(脑) is more active and it is also easier for you to pay attention to it for a long time.Good learners often connect what they need to learn with something interesting. For example, if they need to learn English and they like music or sports, they can listen to English songs or watch sports programs in English.This way they will not get bored.
Practicing and learning from mistakes
Good learners think about what they are good at and what they need to practice more. Remember, “Use it or lose it！” Even if you learn something well, you will forget it unless(除非) you use it. “Practice makes perfect.” Good lear ners will keep practicing what they have learned, and they are not afraid of making mistakes. Alexander Graham Bell did not invent the telephone overnight. He succeeded by trying many times and learning from his mistakes.
Developing their study skills
It is not enough to just study hard. Good learners know the best way they can study. For example, they may take notes by writing down key words. They also look for ways to go over what they have learned.They may do this by reading their notes every day or by explaining the information to another student.
Asking questions
Good learners often ask questions during or after class. They even ask each other and try to find out the answers. Knowledge comes from questioning.
Learning is a lifelong journey because every day brings something new. Everything that you learn becomes a part of you and changes you, so learn wisely and learn well.
1．According to the passage, what can make you become a successful learner?
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2．How can learners create an interest in what they learn?
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3．Why is it important to practice using what you've learned?
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4．What study skills does the writer talk about?
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5．Are you a successful learner? Why or why not?
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B
Each summer, you hear news that some sports players are sent to hospitals because it is too hot. Our bodies can't be outside in the sun for a long time. So in hot summers, be careful about playing sports outside.
Firstly, to play sports safely in hot weather, you must drink water. Sports drinks are great for athletes(运动员), but they have so much sugar that they'll dehydrate(使脱水)you more. However, drinking a few bottles of sports drinks will be good for you.
Secondly, be sure to take enough breaks to let your body rest. If your coach doesn't
let you take enough breaks in the heat, don't wait until you feel uncomfortable. Just be honest with your coach when you need breaks.
Thirdly, when you have a break, don't sit in the sun. With the sun beating down on you, you'll only heat up and sweat(冒汗)more. Take a seat under a tree, or even better, go indoors for a little while. Cooling yourself down can help you stay active longer.
Fourthly, remember that the earlier in the day you start your exercise, the cooler it will be. If you can start practice before the sun comes up, you have a few good hours to practice in the cool hours of the morning. Also, the earlier you practice, the earlier you can finish the exercise. If you need more practice time, come back to the field later in the evening, when the sun is setting.
Last but not least, you should watch what you eat. Eat food which is high in water, starch(淀粉) and carbohydrate(糖类), but be sure to get a good balance(平衡) in your diet.
As long as you pay attention to the above, playing sports safely in the heat isn't a difficult thing.
1．Why are some sports players sent to hospitals each summer?
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2．What should you do if you want to let your body rest?
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3．What can help you stay active longer?
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4．How many pieces of advice are mentioned in the passage?
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5．What does the passage mainly tell us about?
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C
Fun doesn't have to be expensive
Everyone likes to have fun, but not everyone has much money to spend for it. Here are some free or cheap ways to enjoy yourself.
Try a Hobby
While you're out and about, take pictures of things you find. Painting and taking pictures can make you notice the beauty all around you. And you'll end up with interesting photos. Photographic equipment(摄影器材) can be expensive, but it doesn't have to be. You probably have already owned a camera or a mobile phone that can take pictures. Other creative hobbies can also be done with basic materials. Drawing and writing only require a pencil and paper.
Get Outside
Going outside in good weather can be a lot of fun, especially if you go with a。