小升初英语阅读题型及解题技巧+专项训练练习题(含答案解析)

部编小升初英语阅读题型及解题技巧
小学英语阅读理解一般分选择填空、判断、回答问题、完形填空四类。

①做任何阅读理解首先要通读全文，弄懂句意，千万不得马虎。

②做好选择填空最好用排除法，首先排除语法、词法上的错误，再根据短文内容逐一排除每一个选项。

在排除每一个选项的过程中要细心，要明白排除每一项的原因，如果有几项看似都对，那就要考虑生活实际，排除不符合的。

如果实在排除不了其它选项，先要考虑自己有没有看错短文中的细节，只要题目不错，肯定有正确答案的。

③做判断题更加需要细心，先要明白需要判断的语句主要讲的意思，然后再在文中找与此相关的语句，逐一对比，一旦发现哪有明显的不同，立刻做标记（×）。

④回答问题要怎么问，怎么答，尽量用原文的句子回答，不要把单词抄错，回答后也要通读一遍，检查是否与原文相符，有没有语法、词法上的错误。

⑤完形填空也要用排除法，如果出现一个单词的多种形态，要利用语法常识逐一排除；出现几个意义相近的单词，要考虑每个单词的用法；
若出现几个不同意义的单词，就考虑每个单词放在文中是否合理。

二、阅读理解
2．阅读理解阅读短文，给图片排序。

Today is Children's Day. Rose doesn't go to school. She is at home. After she has breakfast, she helps her mother clean the house. Then she invites her grandfather and grandmother to her house. She wants to have a surprise party. She makes five little cakes. They are nice. Every cake has a name. At 5：00, her grandparents come to her house. They bring a new bag and some pens for Rose. And Rose gives them two beautiful cakes. All of them are very happy.
________
________
________
________
________
【答案】2；1；4；3；5
【解析】【分析】该短文主要是六一儿童节这天，Rose在家帮妈妈打扫卫生、制作小蛋糕迎接外公外婆的事情。

（1）细节阅读，根据After she has breakfast, she helps her mother clean the house. 得知第一件事是Rose吃早饭，与图片2匹配。

（2）细节阅读，根据she helps her mother clean the house. 得知第二件事是Rose帮她妈妈打扫房子，与图片1匹配。

（3）细节阅读，根据She makes five little cakes. 得知第三件事是做蛋糕，与图片4匹配。

（4）细节阅读，根据They bring a new bag and some pens for Rose..得知第四件事是他们给她带来新书包和钢笔，与图片3匹配。

（5）细节阅读，根据And Rose gives them two beautiful cakes. 得知第五件事Rose给他们两个蛋糕，与图片5匹配。

故答案为：【第1空】2；【第2空】1；【第3空】4；【第4空】3；【第5空】5
【点评】考查对篇章的把握和细节的辨别能力。

结合图片认真阅读文章，然后排出正确顺序。

3．阅读理解读短文，选出最佳选项。

Bob, Jack and Tom are friends. They like different kinds of food. Bob likes meat. He always(总是) eats meat. Sometimes(有时) he eats potatoes. He never (从不)eats tomatoes. Jack often (经常)eats soup. He sometimes eats meat. He doesn't like eggs. He never eats eggs. Tom likes ice cream. He always eats ice cream. He sometimes eats tomatoes and potatoes. He never eats soup.
（1）Bob, Jack and Tom are ________.
A. brothers
B. friends
C. sisters
（2）Bob ________ eats tomatoes.
A. never
B. sometimes
C. always
（3）Jack never eats ________.
A. eggs
B. soup
C. meat
（4）Tom doesn't like ________.
A. ice cream
B. soup
C. potatoes
（5）________ eat meat.
A. Bob and Jack
B. Bob and Tom
C. Tom and Jack
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）A
（4）B
（5）A
【解析】【分析】该短文主要介绍了 Bob, Jack 和 Tom三个好朋友分别喜欢的食物。

（1）细节阅读，根据 Bob, Jack and Tom are friends. 得知他们三个是朋友，故答案为：B.（2）细节阅读，根据句子 He never (从不)eats tomatoes.得知他从不吃西红柿，故答案为：B.
（3）细节阅读，根据句子He never eats eggs. 得知杰克从不吃鸡蛋，故答案为：A.
（4）细节阅读，根据He never eats soup.得知汤姆不喜欢喝汤，故答案为：B.
（5）细节阅读，根据 Bob likes meat.Jack often (经常)eats soup. He sometimes eats meat. 得知鲍勃和杰克喜欢吃肉，故答案为：A。

【点评】考查对篇章的把握和细节的辨别能力。

答题时，紧扣文章中的关键词，做出正确选择。

4．阅读理解读短文并按要求完成相应任务
Today was the first day of the summer holiday．My friends and I went out together．We went swimming in the swimming pool．We swam for an hour．I did not swim well，but I enjoyed it very much．We had lunch in a fast—food restaurant．I had a sandwich and some orange juice．Alice had a hamburger．Jack had a lot of French fries and some cola．We went shopping in a supermarket．I bought a pink dress．Alice bought a pretty hat．Jack did not buy anything． We went home at 3 o'clock in the afternoon．We 、were tired，but we were happy．
（1）写出短文中6个动词的一般过去式。

________ ________ ________
________ ________ ________
（2） The children went to：________
①the swimming pool ②the cinema
③a fast—food restaurant ④a supermarket
（3）They：________
①had breakfast together ②swam for an hour
③had lunch together ④picked apples
⑤bought some fruit ⑥went shopping
【答案】（1）was；went；swam；did；enjoyed；had
（2）①③④
（3）②③⑥
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了暑假第一天，主人公和朋友一起出去玩的事情。

（1）从文章中找出was、went、swam、did、enjoyed、had，bought、were根据句子结构即可找出，选出六个即可。

（2）根据We went swimming in the swimming pool．We had lunch in a fast—food restaurant．和We went shopping in a supermarket．看出他们去的三个地方，故答案为：①③④。

（3）根据We went swimming in the swimming pool．We had lunch in a fast—food restaurant．和We went shopping in a supermarket．找到他们所干的事情，故答案为：②③⑥。

【点评】此题主要考查学生的阅读理解能力，第一题考察对动词一般过去式的掌握，第二题，第三题考察对短文的理解程度，都能在文中找到对应的短语或句子，此类题目对的答案，一定要在文章中寻找，文章中一定会有依据。

5．阅读理解下面是Kitty一天的食谱，根据食谱回答问题。

breakfast: some milk, some bread and an egg
lunch: an apple, some chicken and rice
dinner: a little fish, some vegetables and noodles
（1）What did Kitty have for breakfast yesterday?
（2）What did Kitty have for lunch yesterday?
（3）What did Kitty have for dinner yesterday?
【答案】（1）She had some milk, some bread and an egg for breakfast yesterday.
（2）She had an apple, some chicken and rice for lunch yesterday.
（3）She had a little fish, some vegetables and noodles for dinner yesterday.
【解析】【分析】文章大意：Kitty一天的食谱。

（1）句意：Kitty昨天早饭吃的什么？根据breakfast: some milk, some bread and an egg和时间词yesterday可知写出一般过去时的句子，主语用she代替，故答案为She had some milk, some bread and an egg for breakfast yesterday.
（2）Kitty昨天午饭吃的什么？根据lunch: an apple, some chicken and rice和时间词yesterday可知写出一般过去时的句子，主语用she代替，故答案为She had an apple, some chicken and rice for lunch yesterday.
（3）Kitty昨天晚饭吃的什么？根据dinner: a little fish, some vegetables and noodles和时间词yesterday可知写出一般过去时的句子，主语用she代替，故答案为She had a little fish, some vegetables and noodles for dinner yesterday.
【点评】考查阅读理解，浏览短文，理解大意，把握细节。

注意时态。

6．阅读理解阅读短文，判断下列句子正误Protect Wild Animals
Animals are our good friends．We live in the same Earth．Animals and people can't be separated from each other．But some animals are getting less and less．So it's important to us to protect animals，especially wild animals．Some people kill wild animals because of money．It's wrong．Now people need more places to live in．We explore the forest．Animals have less places to live in．The number of wild animals decreases year by year．So we should protect wild animals．
（1）Animals are getting less and less．
（2）People don't like animals．
（3）People need more places to live in．So we live with animals together．
（4）It's important to us to protect animals
（5）We should protect wild animals．
【答案】（1）0
（2）0
（3）0
（4）1
（5）1
【解析】【分析】本短文内容主要讲述的是人们应该保护野生动物。

（1）细节理解. 题意：动物正变得越来越少。

根据短文中语句“But some animals are getting less and less．”可知是有些动物正变得越来越少而不是各种动物都正变得越来越少。

这与题意内容不符，故答案为：错误 .
（2）推理判断. 题意：人们不喜欢动物。

根据短文中语句“Animals are our good friends．”可知动物是我们的好朋友，由此推知人们喜欢动物。

这与题意内容不符，故答案为：错误 .（3）细节理解. 题意：人们需要更多的地方居住。

所以我们和动物一起生活。

根据短文中语句“ Now people need more places to live in. Animals have less places to live in.”可知人们需要更多的地方居住。

动物居住的地方更少了。

这与题意不符，故答案为：错误 .
（4）细节理解. 题意：保护动物对我们很重要。

根据短文中语句“So it's important to us to protect animals，especially wild animals．”可知这与题意内容相符，故答案为：正确 .
（5）细节理解. 题意：我们应该保护野生动物。

根据短文中语句“So we should protect wild animals．”可知这与题意内容相符，故答案为：正确 .
【点评】本题考查对短文细节的识别和推理能力，注意在短文中寻找答案。