银行系统公开招聘考试英语-11_真题-无答案

银行系统公开招聘考试英语-11
(总分18,考试时间90分钟)
Passage 1
A history of long and effortless success can be a dreadful handicap, but, if properly handled, it may become a driving force. When the United States entered just such a glowing period after the end of the Second World War, it had a market eight times larger than **petitor, giving its industrial unparalleled economies of scale. Its scientists were the world's best, its workers the most skilled. America and Americans were prosperous beyond the dreams of the Europeans and Asians whose economies the war had destroyed.
It was inevitable that this primacy should have narrowed as other countries grew richer. Just as inevitably, the retreat from predominance proved painful. By the mid-1980s, Americans had found themselves at a loss over their fading **petitiveness. Some huge American industries, such as consumer electronics, had shrunk or vanished in the face of **petition. By 1987 there was only one American television maker left, Zenith. (Now there is none: Zenith was bought by South Korea's LG electronics in July.) Foreign-made cars and textiles were sweeping into the domestic market. America's machine-tool industry was on the ropes. For a while it looked as though the making of semiconductors, which America had invented and which sat at the heart of the **puter age, was going to be the next casualty.
All of this caused a crisis of confidence. Americans stopped taking prosperity for granted. They began to believe that their way of doing business was failing and that their incomes would therefore shortly begin to fall as well. The mid-1980s brought one inquiry after another into the cause of America's industrial decline. Their sometimes sensational findings were filled with warnings about the **petition from overseas.
How things have changed! In 1995 the United States can look back on five years of solid growth while Japan has been struggling. Few Americans attribute this solely to such obvious causes as devalued dollar or the turning of the business cycle. Self-doubt has yield to blind pride. "American industry has changed its structure, has gone on a diet, has learned to be more quick-witted." according to Richard Cavanagh, executive dean of Harvard's Kennedy School of Government. "It makes me proud to be an American just to see how our business are improving their productivity." says Stephen Moore of the Cato Institute, a think-tank in Washington, DC. And William Sahlman of the Harvard Business School believes that people will look back on this period as "a golden age of business management in the United States.\
1. The U.S. achieved its predominance after World War Ⅱ because ______.
A. it had made painstaking effort towards this goal
B. its domestic market was eight times larger than before
C. the war had destroyed the economies of most **petitors
D. the unparalleled size of its workforce had given an impetus to its economy
2. The loss of U.S. predominance in the world economy in the 1980s is manifested in the fact that American ______.
A. TV industry had withdrawn to its domestic market
B. semiconductor industry had been taken over by foreign enterprises
C. machine-tool industry had collapsed after suicidal actions
D. auto industry had lost part of its domestic market
3. What can be inferred from the passage?
A. It is human nature to shift between self-doubt and blind pride
B. **petition may contribute to economic progress
C. The revival of economy depends on international cooperation
D. A long history of success may pave the way for further development
4. The author seems to believe the revival of the U.S. economy in the 1990s can be attributed to the ______.
A. turning of the business cycle
B. restructuring of industry
C. improved business management
D. success in education
Passage 2
Money spent on advertising is money spent as well as any I know of. It serves directly to assist a rapid distribution of goods at reasonable price, thereby establishing a firm home market and so making it possible to provide for export at competitive prices. By drawing attention to new ideas it helps enormously to raise standards of living. By helping to increase demand it ensures an increased need for labor, and is therefore an effective way to fight unemployment. It lowers the costs of many services: without advertisements your daily newspaper would cost four times as much, the price of your television license would need to be doubled. and travel by bus or tube would cost 20 percent more.
And perhaps most important of all, advertising provides a guarantee of reasonable value in the products and services you buy. Apart from the fact that twenty-seven acts of Parliament govern the terms of advertising, no regular advertiser dare promote a product that fails to live up to the promise of his advertisements. He might fool some people for a little while through misleading advertising. He will not do so for long, for mercifully the public has the good sense not to buy the inferior article more than once. If you see an article consistently advertised, it is the surest proof I know that the article does what is claimed for it, and that it represents good value.
Advertising does more for the material benefit of **munity than any other force I can think of.
There is one more point I feel I ought to touch on. Recently I heard a well-known television
personality declare that he was against advertising because it persuades rather than informs. He was drawing excessively fine distinctions. Of course advertising seeks to persuade.
If its message were confined merely to information-and that in itself would be difficult if not impossible to achieve, for even a detail such as the choice of the color of a shirt is subtly persuasive-advertising would be so boring that no one would pay any attention. But perhaps that is what the well-known television personality wants.
1. By the first sentence of the passage the author means that ______.
A. he is fairly familiar with the cost of advertising
B. everybody knows well that advertising is money consuming
C. advertising costs money like everything else
D. it is worthwhile to spend money on advertising
2. In the passage, which of the following is NOT included in the advantages of advertising?
A. Securing greater fame
B. Providing more jobs
C. Enhancing living standards
D. Reducing newspaper cost
3. The author deems that the well-known TV personality is ______.
A. very precise in passing his judgment on advertising
B. interested in nothing but the buyers' attention
C. correct in telling the difference between persuasion and information
D. obviously partial in his views on advertising
4. In the author's opinion, ______.
A. advertising can seldom bring material benefit to man by providing information
B. advertising informs people of new ideas rather than wins them over
C. there is nothing wrong with advertising in persuading the buyer
D. the buyer is not interested in getting information from an advertisement
Passage 3
The Shanghai Technical Supervision Bureau recently released the results of a sample survey of 486 **puters being sold in the city's markets. The survey revealed that nine of 14 types, or 64 percent of imported brand-**puters fulfilled the standards.
A large number of the low-quality "foreign" computers which were marketed as world-famous brands were actually counterfeited shoddy products lacking the necessary information such as registered trademarks, factory of origin, quality certifications and safety indices.
In addition, a survey of Shanghai footwear markets conducted by the Bureau on 30 -odd occasions since early this year indicated various brands of "foreign shoes", including Nike and Puma, were low-quality counterfeited goods. The allegedly world-famous brands, priced between 300-500 Yuan per pair, were actually worth only 40-60 Yuan.
An official from the China Consumer Association pointed to the **plaints concerning "foreign
goods": Quality problems related to **modities have developed into a universal problem directly relate to batch shipments of commodities. It is thus quite obvious that the crackdown on counterfeit shoddy foreign goods is a task requiring the utmost immediacy.
The appearance of shoddy counterfeit foreign goods has adversely affected the normal operations of China's real foreign-goods markets, has greatly harmed the interests of consumers and resulted in substantial losses in state tax revenue. Officials have pointed out that the key to cracking down on counterfeit foreign goods is to attack illegal acts related to selling sham (虚假的) foreign goods at the prices applicable for authentic products.
Officials recommend **modity inspection, technical supervision and industrial **mercial departments should strengthen law enforcement efforts, increase the frequency, of inspections, and eliminate the sources of sham foreign goods.
Enterprises producing and marketing sham foreign goods should be subject to severe punishment, with all cases referred to the judicial departments for adjudication, and public supervision should be intensified.
Consumers, on the other hand, should make every effort to constantly enhance their ability to discern counterfeit foreign goods, and should refrain from blindly purchasing such products simply because of their low price.
1. The sample survey on computers discovered that ______.
A. four hundred and eighty-**puters were counterfeited ones
B. 64 percent of the **puters were low-quality shoddy products
C. nine types of **puters were up to the standard of their brands
D. large numbers of low-**puters had been imported
2. The survey on Shanghai footwear markets showed that ______.
A. "foreign shoes" of various brands were of low quality
B. world-famous brands of shoes were actually worth 50 to 60 Yuan
C. many of the world famous brand shoes sold were actually counterfeited ones
D. people were paying much more than they should to buy foreign goods
3. An official from the China Consumer Association pointed out that ______.
A. the quality of foreign goods should be improved immediately
B. the problem of counterfeit shoddy foreign goods should be dealt with immediately
C. more and more people were dissatisfied with the quality of foreign goods
D. improper shipping could damage the quality of goods
4. One of the negative effects of counterfeit foreign goods was that ______.
A. prices for foreign goods had to be kept low
B. the government suffered great losses in tax collection
C. consumers might lose interest in them
D. the government might be forced to ban the import of all foreign goods
5. It is suggested in the passage that consumers ______.
A. should resist the temptation to buy goods at low prices
B. should report counterfeit goods by referring them to the judicial departments
C. should perform the role of government inspection bodies to watch out for counterfeit goods
D. should learn to distinguish fake foreign goods from real ones for themselves
Passage 4
While it is generally agreed that the power of **panies extends beyond the economic sphere, this influence is difficult to measure in any objective way. The processes of business entail at least some effort to ensure the sympathetic enactment and enforcement of legislation, since costs and earnings are affected by tax rates and government regulations. Companies and business groups send agents to local and national capitals and use such vehicles as advertising to enlist support for policies that they favor. Although, in many countries, companies may not legally contribute directly to candidates running for public office, their executives and stockholders may do so as individuals. Companies may, however, make payments to influence peddlers and contribute to committees working to pass or defeat legislative proposals. In practical terms, many lawmakers look **panies as part of their constituency, although, if their districts depend on local plants, these lawmakers may be concerned more with preserving jobs than with **pany profits. In any case, limited-**panies are central institutions in society; it would be unrealistic to expect them to remain aloof from the political process that affects their operations, performance, and principles.
The decisions made by company managements have ramifications throughout society. In effect, companies can decide which parts of the country or even which parts of the world will prosper and which will decline by choosing where to locate their plants and other installations. The **panies not only decide what to produce but also help to instill in their customers a desire for the amenities that **panies make available. To the extent that large firms provide employment, their personnel requirements determine the curricula of schools and universities. For these reasons, individuals' aspirations and dissatisfactions are likely to be influenced by **panies. This does not mean that large business firms can influence the public in any way they choose; it is simply that they are the only institutions available to perform certain functions. Automobiles, typewriters, frozen food, and electric toasters **e **pany auspices if they are to be provided at all. Understanding this dependence as a given, companies tend to create an environment congenial to the conduct of their business.
1. According to the passage, which statement is true?
A. The power of **panies is usually confined in the economic sphere
B. The operations of **panies are thoroughly controlled by government regulations
C. It is illegal for any **pany to influence the enforcement of legislation
D. **panies cannot be free from the influence of political processes
2. All the following statements are true EXCEPT ______.
A. Lawmakers may pay more attention to preserving jobs than **pany profits
B. Few decisions made by **panies have profound ramifications in society
C. **panies cannot influence the public in any way they like
D. The operations of **panies are inevitably affected by government policies
3. It is implied in the passage that all the following are likely to be influenced by **panies, except ______.
A. the ambitions of students
B. the dissatisfactions of the public
C. the number of schools and universities in a specific area
D. the curricula of schools and universities in a specific area
4. The best title for this passage should be ______.
A. Company Management
B. Limited Liability Companies
C. The Impact of the Large Company
D. The Operations of Large Companies
5. The word "ramification" (Line 1, Para. 2) most probably means ______.
A. requirements
B. consequence
C. dissatisfactions
D. sphere。