八年级英语下册第四单元PPT---直接引语与间接引语

He said,“Are you interested in English？” 4you are interested in English —He 1asked 2(me)3 whether5 I was interested in English6.
③直接引语如果是特殊疑问句，间接引语变为仍由原来的 疑问词引导的宾语从句，且为陈述句语序。
④直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为 tell (ask, order) sb. (not) to do sth的句型。 ◆tell、ask、order要用过去式
“Open the door, please," she said to him. —She 1asked 2him 3to open the door. “Don't make any noise,” the teacher said to us. —She 1told (ordered) 2us 3not to make any noise.
She said,“My brother wants to go shopping with me. ” —She said her brother wanted to go shopping with her.
二随宾——直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的
主语或宾语是第二人称或被第二人称所修饰 (you,your),从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾 语一致。
第三人称不更新——直接引语变间接引语时，若 从句中的主语或宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所 修饰(it/she/he/they, its/her/his/their, it/her/him/them),从句中的人称一般不需变化。 Mr. Smith said, “Jack is very tall.” —Mr. Smith said Jack was very tall. I said ,“Lily’s father loves her very much.” —I said Lily’s father loved her very much.
What did she say?
丁靖雯
易翔
樊翰中
I will go to Beijing.
He said he would go to Beijing.
What did he say?
贾欣
曹磊
王天琪
I am studing English.
He said he was studing English.
②直接引语如果是一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由
whether/if(是否)引导的宾语从句. ◆said—asked ◆宾语从句应为陈述句语序
He said, “Can you swim, John?” 4you can swim —He 1asked 2John 3if 5he could swim6.
直接引语改为间接引语时,除将引 语部分变成宾语从句(通常由that引导， 且that可省)外,还必须对直接引语中的
人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地
点状语等进行改变。
一、人称的转变 ◆口诀：一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新。 一随主——直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的 主语或宾语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰 (I/we/,my/our,me/us),从句中的人称要按照主句中 主语的人称变化。 Tom said,“I am so tired.” —Tom said he was so tired.
二、时态的变化 直接引语ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้为间接引语时,通常受转述动词
said, asked等的影响而使用过去化的时态,
即把原来的时态向过去推。 1) 一般现在时→一般过去时
2) 一般将来时→过去将来时 3) 现在进行时→过去进行时
I want to be a teacher.
She said she wanted to be a teacher.
I like to draw pictures. Dong Xin said …
He is funny. Sang Shuai said …
He is smart. Han Guanyu said …
Tom is swimming in the sea. Zhao Ziyan said …
直接引语变间接引语面面观
从句主语一般 可变为第 一人称
(例:had better, used to…)
Peter said,“You had better pass the test.” —Peter said I had better pass the test.
三、状语的转变(P101) 四、句型的转变
①直接引语如果是陈述句，间接引语应改为由that(可省) 引导的宾语从句。 She said, “Our bus will arrive in five minutes.” —She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes. He said to me，“You should come here.” —He told me that I should go there.
He said,“I was born on April 2l, 1980.” —He said he was born on April 21, 1980.
④直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式 （例:could, should, would, might…）
The doctor said, “You should stay in bed.” 二随宾 —The doctor said I should stay in bed.” 主句无宾语时， 或已经是过去时的形式时，也不变
She asked me, “When do they have dinner?” 2When they have dinner —1She asked me 3when they had dinner4. She asked me, “What was Jack doing when I came in?” what Jack was doing when I came in →She asked me what Jack was doing when she came in.
Lana said to me,“I am waiting for you.” —Lana told me that she was waiting for me. He said to Kate,“Your sister is very nice.” —He said to Kate that her sister was very nice.
What did he say?
王楚
屈子豪
李聪
直接引语
am/is are
间接引语
was were
Have\has
will can do
had
would could did
注意：以下几种情况时态不变
①直接引语是客观真理。
The teacher said,“The earth moves around the sun.” — The teacher said the earth moves around the sun. ②直接引语是过去进行时。 Jack said. “I was doing chores when Jim came to see me”. —Jack said he was doing chores when Tom came to see him. ③直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语。