英语综合6

英语综合6课后答案
Unit One
Working with Words and Expressions:
1.
1) weighed，2) submit，3) register，4) alert，5) outraged，6) integral，7) illustrates，8) critique
2.
1) dress up，2) type up，3) drifted away，4) put on，5) under way，6) fallen behind
Cloze:
1) traditional，2) challenge，3) via，4) regular，5) illustrating，6) clear，7) interaction，8) integral，9) critical，10) willing，11) community，12) discipline，13) involved，14) drift，15) flexibility
Translation:
When I first came into contact with online teaching, I had questions about the validity of this instructional medium. I would not know whether the student submitting the work was the same person who registered for the course.
Online teaching also required rethinking how I deliver the subject matter. Without face-to-face communication, can I, via computer, make the students feel the same kind of enthusiasm and appreciate my sense of humor?
My shy daughter’s experience proved to be very inspiring. She never spoke in class, but in the two online courses she took, she dived into discussions and posted her opinions.
The online course began and things ran better than I had expected. The students all followed the directions well, and the discussion board was lively. I’ve never met any of my students but I got to know them by their work and I was their learning attitudes develop before my eyes.
I found that online education worked best with students who were very comfortable with the computer and willing to become part of a community built around the subject matter. And it required teachers to be willing to help build that sense of community and make the students feel the teacher was always there.
Writing:
Sample Essay with the rhetorical device of the block-by-block:
My Birthplace Revisited
My birthplace was a small village in China’s Northwest, about 800 kilometers to the west of Xi’an. It had some 50 households, scattered about on the slopes of loess hills(黄土丘陵). Though the place is called Taohuagou—the Peach Blossom V alley, I never saw a peach tree there during the days when I was living there with my mother and grandparents. In the vicinity one could see nothing but a vast space of loess land, barren and bright, an emptiness that seemed weirdly spacious and wild. There were no tress, no pond or river, no irrigation ditches. Farming was left entirely at the mercy of the weather. The hardest part of the village life was lack of water, which was as precious as oil. Every day the villagers had to walk several miles to fetch drinking water. I
still remember how my young shoulders got bruised by the carrying pole with a bucket of water on each end. We all lived in cave dwellings, filled with a smell that would never leave. It was the smell of spoiling food joined with the strong smell of onions and of rotting garbage. It was the smell of the urine-stained mattress. And everything seemed to be soaked in dirt. In 1988, my father, an army man, became a police officer and he brought my mother and me together with him to Xi’an. How exhilarated(高兴) I was to leave the poverty-stricken village for good, though it was hard to say good-bye to my grandparents!
Last summer, I went back to my birthplace and attended my grandmother’s funeral. I was shocked to discover “three lifelines”there: a highway that is connected with an expressway, an electric power system, and a canal. They had altered the face of my birthplace as well as the fate of the villager. The cave dwellings had been replaced by rows of two-story houses, well furnished with electric lights, telephone, TV, and tap water. The barren loess land had been turned into flourishing apple and walnut orchards. A primary school had been set up for the village children. The“three lifelines” had changed the inner world of the villagers, too. Their eyes were no longer frosted like the windows of a snowbound cottage, but were always shining with hope and confidence. One could see signs of prosperity and happiness everywhere. I asked my grandpa to join us in Xi’an for the rest of his life. But he declined the offer, saying that Taohuagou was already paradise to him.
Unit Two
Working with words and expressions：
1.
1) merely，2) charitable，3) sentimental，4) salvage，5) clippings，6) Reclining，7) sloppy，8) meticulously
2.
1) pile up，2) part with，3) rinse … off，4) set up，5) toyed with，6) cut down on，7) finished with，8) get … over with，9) cutting a swath through，10) at heart
Cloze:
1)meaner，2) heart，3) process，4) vision，5) immediate，6) wasteful，7) economics，8) ambitious，9) someday，10) attitudes，11) vicious，12) insensitive，13) toy，14) clutter，15) attention
Translation:
Sloppy people are not really sloppy. It is just that the plan they carry in their mind’s eye is too precise, too stupendous and too perfect to be achieved in this world or the next. They aim too high and wide. They save everything, planning someday to file and order. When they finally set about handling things, sloppy people just can’t bear to part with anything. After hours of work, the place looks exactly the same, so sloppy people never get neat.
Neat people place neatness above everything else. They like results and don’t care about process. They have cavalier attitudes toward possessions. If anything collects dust, it’s got to go they are incredibly wasteful. Anything that is not of immediate use goes into the trash. They are insensitive and there is no sentimental salvaging of birthday cards or the last letter a dying relative
ever wrote. Neat people operate on two unvarying principles: Never handle any item twice, and throw everything away. Therefore, the only thing messy in a neat person’s house is the trash can.
Thus, neat people are lazier and meaner than sloppy people. the distinction between them is moral.
Writing
Sample Essay
Neat Students vs. Sloppy Students
Some students can be described as “sloppy”and some as “neat.”In my opinion, the difference between these two types of students mainly lies in their attitudes towards study.
Sloppy students tend to lack motivation. For them, attending college is but a life experience and they take it for granted. Contented with a “pass” for all the courses they take, they never exert themselves to achieve academic excellence, for what they are after is just that piece of paper called a diploma. However, they never give a thought to what they might do with it after graduation. Neat students are goal-oriented. They know who they are, what they want and how they can, make the best use of their time. They set “little goals” on a daily basis and work their way towards a bigger and loftier goal in life.
Sloppy students are passive and sluggish in class. They normally choose to sit either in the very last row or at the corner beside the door, trying hard to avoid the instructor’s attention. For them, no class is interesting and every instructor is boring. Y et, they are extremely alert to what is going on outside the classroom. Sometimes they do fix their eyes on the board but their minds are wandering in Never-Never Land, while at other times they just indulge in sleeping in class. Neat students are full of drive in class, for they regard each lecture as a source of knowledge. They have self-discipline and spare no effort to involve themselves in discussions and presentations. For them, learning happens with each lecture they attend.
Sloppy students, as always, turn in sloppy work. Their paper are invariable in a muddle. If the instructor asks them to read forty pages after class, they will probably read fourteen pages at most; if they are asked to write a paper of five hundred words, they will cut the number by half. And they never feel ashamed with a mere “pass”—probably the only “pass” in the whole class—for the course. Neat students stick to their schedule and are enthusiastic about their studies both in and out of class. They give loving attention to every detail when doing homework, from cross-checking a figure to modifying a punctuation mark. Needless to say, they turn in neat work.
We should not judge a person only by his or her appearance just as we cannot judge a book by its cover. A sloppy student may be neatly dressed while a neat student may be a sloppy dresser. That makes them different is their attitudes towards work.
Unit Three
Working with Words and Expressions：
1.
1) bunch，2) addicted，3) abuse，4) reunion，5) suppressed，6) sown，7) venture，8) liberated，9) starved，10) statistics
2.
1) coupled with，2) wondering aloud，3) best of all，4) close at hand，5) crossed his mind，6) sit by
Increasing Y our Word Power：
1.
2) Y ears after she lost her baby daughter, she still hardened herself against missing her.
3) This child is adorable with a chubby face and bright eyes like lanterns.
4) My only childhood memory for my grandfather was that he sat in an armchair and smoked like
a chimney.
5) With the tender care from his family, he has gained a couple of pounds since his heart transplant surgery.
6) Y ou will know how tomatoes grow by sowing a few seeds of them in a pot and watching them closely every day.
2.
2) There are cats in every room; I don’t know how she can stand it.
3) The trial was a great scandal (丑闻) but she bore it all with courage and dignity.
4) She seems to be able to tolerate any kind of rude behavior from the students.
5) The passengers were furious when being told that they had to endure a nine-hour delay at the airport.
6) Tell me what happened. No matter what it is, I can handle it.
7) Don’t do anybody wrong, otherwise you’ll find the burden of guilt very difficult to live with.
8) I don’t want to stay there for a week on my own, but I suppose I’ll have to grin and bear it.
Cloze：
1) Coupled，2) puff，3) glamorous，4) dapper，5) addicted，6) ghettoes，7) instead
Translation：
Her daughter smoked and she felta deep hurt as her mother. She remembered how as a child she sat by, through the years, and watched her father, who smoked like a chimney, wheeze through most of his life feeling half his strength, and she remembered how carefully she ate when she was pregnant, how patiently she taught her daughter how to cross a street safely. She had a feeling of futility when she saw her daughter repeating the mistake of her grandfather.
She did not want to see in die family another victory for the tobacco companies, hut she was faced with powerful rivals: the tobacco industry and Hollywood. The two collaborated to win over completely people like her father and made them hopelessly addicted to cigarettes.
it is not easy to quit smoking, but things may become easier if smokers realize that smoking is a form of self-battering that also batters those who must sit by, and if we can really make “very home a smoke-free zone.”
Writing：
A Change in Attitude Makes All the Difference
My grandpa, a retired high school teacher of English, is widely considered as a dapper worldly old man, but he has a natural aversion to last food and often makes fun of McDonald’s commercials and Ken tucky Fried Chicken posters. Years ago when he first saw the McDonald’s advertising slogan: I’m lovin’ it, he criticized the wording as “rubbish English, saying that in educated speech the verb “love” is never used in the progressive tense. Needless to say, he would never venture to go to MacDonald’s for a bite.
One day, however, my grandma was hospitalized for a serious case of bronchitis. My grandpa was left unattended. He could only make do with whatever food I could bring home on my way back from school. On one occasion, I brought him MY favorite lunch: McDonald’s hamburgers with French fries, and a coke. He frowned at the food but started eating without a word. He first nibbled around the sides of the burger, and then, holding it in both hands, took a big bite. We ate silently, but 1 kept stealing glances at him, wondering if he liked it at all. When he gulped down the glass of iced coke, I could read in his face a beam of satisfaction.
During my Grandma’s absence, I kept bringing home fast food from McDonald’s. We both knew better than to talk about its advertising slogans, but I was convinced that the old man began to take to it. One night, as we were watching TV, the old man suddenly came up with a question, “What is this slogan “have it your way’ about?” “It’s the advertising slogan of Burger King,” I told him and then added, “shall I bring you a Burger King for lunch tomorrow?” The old man chuckled and I immediately took the hint. Two weeks later, when my grandma came home from the hospital, looking h ealthy and strong as ever, we decided to have “a big lunch” to celebrate. My grandpa whispered to me, What about going to McDonald’s? I’m lovin’it!
Indeed, a change in attitude makes all the difference.
Unit Four
Working with Words and Expressions：
1.
1) destined，2) trapped，3) blasted，4) erupt，5) blended，6) eroded，7) chaos，8) impose，9) jealous，10) yearning
2.
1) end in，2) gambled away，3) left over，4) brought on，5) showed itself，6) nibbles away at，7) pulled away，8) closed in on
Increasing Y our Word Power：
1.
2) Lovers always think that they are meant for each other at the tender beginnings of romance, but quite a lot of them may feel disappointer later.
3) The recent decline in the value of the U.S. dollar has placed a considerable strain on the already weakened economic system.
4) Smart as he is, his lack of self-discipline erodes the visions of a brilliant future.
5) A succession of business failures has buried his hopes and dreams in ash.
6) The continuous rainfall and the subsequent flooding have thrown the city traffic into chaos.
7) He is fully aware that recreational activities have to be given up now for the value of a more
rewarding life after graduation.
8) S he caught her mother peeking at her diary on New Y ear’s Eve and from then on mother-daughter relations were frozen in patterns of mutual distrust.
2.
2) A committee has been set up to organize social events in the college.
3) After he left college, his father set him up in the family business.
4) There was no food or shelter to set them up for the cold winter’s days.
5) Unfortunately physical appearances automatically set up prejudices in our minds.
6) We sent in our money in response to an advertisement we saw in the paper, but it turned out that the company didn’t really exist and we were just being set up.
Cloze:
1) outside，2) aging，3) plagues，4) climate，5) romance，6) recreate，7) patterns，8) psychological，9) past，10) myth，11) merging，12) erode，13) bliss，14) exercise，15) essential
Translation:
Marriage has always been difficult. Why has it become so hard for couples to stay together in today’ society?
On the one hand, our modern social fabric is thin, and the permissiveness of society has created unrealistic expectations and thrown the family into chaos. On the other hand, marriage requires sexual, financial and emotional discipline, but people today are unwilling to exercise the self-discipline that marriage requires. Besides, couples today must also deal with all the cultural changes brought on n recent years by t he women’s movement and sexual revolution. These and other realities of life erode the visions of marital bliss. If we lack adaptability, flexibility, genuine love and kindness, and imagination strong enough to feel what the other is feeling, if we cannot bring difficulties out into the open, then marriage may come to the end of the road.
Of course, divorce is not an evil act. For some people, it provides salvation and it can be a step toward a good life, However, marriages that do not fail but improve, that persist despite imperfections, offer a wondrous shelter for our mutual humanity.
Writing：
Sample Essay:
Why I Failed
Over the past 14 years of my school life, I had never suffered a setback--not until last Sunday when I was eliminated from the Semi-final of the CCTV Cup English Speaking Contest. I still remember how I held my breath and strained my ears as the anchorperson was about to announce the result. My name was not on the winners’ list. When the audience broke out into a roar of applause for the five finalists, I could no longer hold my tears. I rushed out of the hall, not knowing where ? was going. The only thing I was aware of was that it was the worst day in my life.
I could not accept the result. For a moment, I directed my frustration at one of the question masters, for it was he who, during the debate session, posed a question, which caught me
unawares and left me speechless. However, apart from that, 1 did put on a good show, especially with the prepared speech. I failed to fall asleep that night. What my father said kept ringing in my ears: “It’s not a bad thing that you failed this time. Think hard and draw a lesson, my good girl.
I recalled how, as a child, I was pampered by my parents. I could get whatever I wanted and gradually I developed a feeling of superiority. When I entered junior high school, I studied hard and got straight A’s for all the subjects I studied. I could sing and dance arid was the focus of attention wherever I was. I felt as if I was born to be the best and I could only be claimed the best.
This feeling of superiority and self importance was further boosted by my academic excellence during my senior high school days. Gradually I began to grow conceited. Though I appeared to be an introverted modest girl, in my heart of hearts I did look down upon others, Once I got 99 marks for an English test, one mark less than the girl sitting next to me. I cried that night, determined to excel her the next time. That long-cherished feeling of superiority and self-importance gave way to vanity and jealousy.
I was admitted into my favorite university without much difficulty. The past 14 years have been so smooth for me that I tend to take everything for granted. The thought of failure never occurred to me. I was so sure of myself that even on the eve of the contest, I spent two hours playing computer games. My failure at the English-speaking contest woke me up. I failed because I forgot what my father used to say: Pride goes before a fall.
Unit Six
Working with Words and Expressions:
1.
1) stagger，2) migrate，3) hibernate，4) outlined，5) heaped，6) marvel，7) vanished，8) spectacular，9) disintegrate，10) display
2.
1) roll up，2) fell off，3) closing up shop，4) pared…down，5) choke off，6) springing up，7) dishing out，8) on end
Cloze：
1) spectacular，2) thrilled，3) prepare，4) hibernate，5) survive，6) choking，7) nutrients，8) undernourished，9) chlorophyll，10) process，11) view，12) replaced，13) robustly，14) odd，15) adaptive
Translation:
The stealth of autumn catches one unaware, and autumn comes with its baggage of chilly nights and spectacular, heart-stopping beautiful leaves.
So, where do the colors come from?
When the days begin to shorten, soon after the summer solstice, a tree feeds its leaves no more and begins pulling nutrients back into its trunk and roots. Undernourished, the chlorophyll in the leaves gradually breaks down. So, for the first time all year, we see the other colors in the leaf. Although they were always there, chlorophyll’s shocking green hid them from view.
The most spectacular range of fall foliage occurs in the northeastern United States and in
Eastern China, where the leaves are robustly colored, thanks in part to a rich climate, with cold nights and sunny days. in some spots, one slope of a hill may be green and the other already in color, because the hillside facing south gets more sun and heat than the northern one.
What is odd is that there is no adaptive reason for leaves to color so beautifully in the fall any more than there is for the sky or ocean to be blue. It’s just one of the haphazard marvels the planet dishes out every year.
Writing：
How to Organize a Birthday Party
Nowadays, it is a common practice among us students to hold birthday parties for our classmates. However, a fabulous party does not just happen by accident. It takes a great deal of work to organize and plan. My experience tells me that thoughtful planning ahead is vital for an enjoyable birthday party on campus.
The first step in planning your party is to decide on the basics. For example, are you going to hold the birthday party in your dorm or in any other place like a campus cafeteria or a restaurant outside the campus? How many people are you going to invite to the party? If you intend to invite a dozen people to join you, then you’d b etter have it in the campus cafeteria or a restaurant. Then, there is the budget issue—how much can you afford to spend for the occasion? On average a birthday party in the campus cafeteria costs 20 you per person, and don’t spend more than that, for you may have to hold a dozen such parties in a year!
The second step is to decide on the theme of the birthday party—a step which is often neglected. It is true that a person deserves a birthday celebration in his or her own right, but we can always make the occasion more significant by attaching a meaningful theme to it. If, for example, your are celebrating the birthday of a classmate who has some problems in his or her studies, we may set the theme as “GO IT,”just to spur him or her on. If the person is in poor health, “WISHING YOU GOOD HEALTH” would be an appropriate theme, which can be written down on a sticker and have it put up somewhere. Closely related to the theme is the form of entertainment at the party. Karaoke may be the best choice.
Then comes the third step, which I would rather call “the getting-thing-done” step, such as sending invitations, purchasing the items needed for the occasion, and ordering the birthday cake. If it is a big party, a “master of ceremonies”should be appointed so as to steer the party to a successful end.
Now that the big day is round the corner, I need to caution you about one more thing. Be easy-going and flexible throughout the party. Since the point of the birthday party is to have fun, do not take fright if someone should spill a drink or do something as a practical joke. Just let everybody enjoy the party in full swing.
Unit Eight
Working with Words and Expressions:
1.
1) bankrupt，2) racial，3) insufficient，4) overlook，5) degenerating，6) underestimated，7) pledge，8) fatigue，9) dramatized，10) appalling
2.
1) cool off，2) blew off steam，3) upon demand，4) is tied up with，5) live out，6) speed up，7) insofar as
Cloze:
1) reminding，2) tragic，3) momentous，4) free，5) appalling，6) honored，7) unalienable，8) pursuit，9) citizenship / civil，10) wrongful，11) thirst，12) bitterness，13) riches，14) dignity，15) manacles
Translation:
In a sense we have come to our nation’s capital to cash a check, a check that will give us upon demand the riches of freedom and the security of justice. We have also come here to remind America that now is the time to rise from the dark and desolate valley of segregation to the sunlit path of racial justice. The whirlwinds of revolt will continue to shake the foundations of our nation until the bright day of justice emerges.
My friends, let us not wallow in the valley of despair; let us make the pledge that we shall march ahead. We will not be satisfied until justice rolls down like waters and righteousness like a mighty stream. And we cannot walk alone, for many of our white brothers have come to realize that their destiny is tied up with our destiny.
In spite of the difficulties and frustrations of the moment, I still have a dream, a dream deeply rooted in the American dream. I have a dream that one day every valley shall be exalted, every hill and mountain shall be made low, the rough places will be made plain, and the crooked places will be made straight, and the glory of the Lord shall be revealed, and all flesh shall see it together!
Writing:
I Have a Dream
When I was a little boy, I had a dream. I dreamed of going to college. It began to take root in me upon the death of my grandpa, whose last words for my illiterate parents were: “Send your son to school; that’s the only way out for the future.”
But there was no school in the small mountain village where I lived, and we were living from hand to mouth then. When I was going on eight, my father sold the only pig in the house and had me registered at a primary school in a small town about 4 kilometers away. Thus, my dream became a great beacon light of hope not only for my life but also for the family. With this dream deeply rooted in my soul, I started out on a long and arduous journey in pursuit of a formal education. A dream is to a man what wings are to a bird. I held fast to my dream and endured all hardships imaginable. It was a costly dream, indeed, but I made it.
I’m now a college student majoring in Chinese language and literature. But I still have a dream.
I have a dream that one day I will set up a school exclusively for country boys and country girls, so that their lives will not be crippled by the manacles of poverty and ignorance.
I have a dream that all rural children in China will have the chance to go to school and be educated as I have bee, for I know only too well that illiteracy breeds poverty, and further poverty
breeds further illiteracy. I want to end this vicious cycle.
I have a dream that all little boys and little girls in China’s remote west will have the opportunity to have formal education and say goodbye to ignorance, for I know only too well that ignorance breeds contempt. I want to see their potential tapped at college and prove their worthiness in modern society.
This is my hope, and this is also the faith placed in me by my country. With this faith, I will go back to my birthplace and join hands with the local people to transform the mountains of despair into an oasis of hope. With this faith, I will live out the true meaning of being an educated Chinese youth of the 21st century.
Fantasies never come true, but dreams can. I’ll work hard for my dream and will never give it up.。