人教版全国全部高考专题英语高考真卷试卷及解析

人教版全国全部高考专题英语高考真卷
1.阅读理解
第1题.
A primary school in County Cork, Ireland, has decided to do away with all homework for the entire month of December, replacing it instead with acts of kindness.
For the third year in a row, students at Gaelscoil Mhichil Ui Choileáin will not have any homework for the month of December. Instead, they are being asked to undertake acts of kindness for friends, family and the community and to record these in a special Kindness Diary, which each student will fill in daily and then get signed by their parents.
"Building on the great success and positivity of last year's Gratitude Diary, when children and their families documented the small things they were grateful for in their lives, this year the school suggests doing something nice for an elderly neighbor, or performing an act of kindness for a relative or friend who may be feeling lonely, but the act can be anything as long as
it brightens someone's day," vice headmaster lde Ni Mhuiri said.
Alongside this Kindness Diary, the school has also started a system, where the children can write kindness notes about each other which they hope will increase the self-respect of those around them. Each Friday morning at the gathering, a random selection of these notes will be read aloud to stress how small acts and kind words can make huge differences in somebody's life. And finally, each class will put their heads together and think up a class-wide project which can help the local community.
"In this world, consumed by social media, where our young people are constantly experiencing pressure, there is no better way to show them the way forward in the world than by practicing kindness. And we'll let them know they can be the reason somebody smiles today," lde Ni Mhuiri said.
（1）What does the school require the pupils to do this December?
A: Sign in on arrival at school.
B: Perform little acts of kindness.
C: Record adults' acts of kindness.
D: Keep a journal of their homework.
（2）What does the vice headmaster think of the Gratitude Diary?
A: Brain washing.
B: Face saving.
C: Very satisfactory.
D: A bit regretful.
（3）Why has the school started the system of kindness notes?
A: To monitor pupils' behaviour.
B: To evaluate pupils' moral character.
C: To make pupils feel important to others.
D: To encourage pupils to compete with each other.
（4）What's the best title for the text?
A: Social Media or Kindness Notes?
B: Kindness Diary or Gratitude Diary?
C: Irish School Relicves Pupils of Homework
D: Irish School Replaces Homework with Acts of Kindness
【答案】BCCD
【解答】
（1）B 细节理解题。

根据第一段A primary school in County Cork, Ireland, has decided to do away with all homework for the entire month of December, replacing it instead with acts of kindness.爱尔兰科克郡的一所小学决定在整个12月份取消所有家庭作业，取而代之的是善举。

可知，学校要求学生今年12月做一些小小的善举。

（2）C 细节理解题。

根据第三段Building on the great success and positivity of last year's Gratitude Diary,去年的感恩日记取得了巨大的成功，也带来了积极的影
响。

可知，副校长认为感恩日记是非常令人满意的。

（3）C 细节理解题。

根据第四段Alongside this Kindness Diary, the school has also started a system, where the children can write kindness notes about each other which they hope will increase the self-respect of those around them.除了这个善良日记，学校还启动了一个系统，孩子们可以写关于彼此的善良笔记，他们希望能增加周围人的自尊。

可知，学校要建立善良笔记系统是为了让学生觉得自己对别人很重要。

（4）D 标题归纳题。

本文主要介绍了爱尔兰一所学校，在12月份取消所有的家庭作业，他们被要求为朋友、家人和社区做一些善举，并记录下来。

所以本文最佳标题为爱尔兰学校用善行代替家庭作业。

第2题.
If you bought some candy months ago but never ate it, how can you tell whether it is still safe to eat? The easiest way is to check the "useby date" printed on the wrapper. If that date has already passed, you're likely to throw the candy away. But is that really necessary?
According to a new report from the US Natural Resources Defense Council （NRDC）, tons of food is wasted each year, largely because people don't fully understand what expiration date so, or "useby dates", actually mean.
Food dating was introduced in the 1970s because consumers wanted more information about the things that they were eating. When they first showed up, useby dates were only supposed to indicate freshness because producers wanted their products to be tasted in their best conditions.
But the truth is that these dates aren't related to the risk of food poisoning or foodborn illness, according to Time News. However, most customers misinterpreted useby dates and related them to the safety of the food, and they still largely do now.
Eggs, for example, can still be eaten three to five weeks after purchase even though the useby date is much earlier. When their useby dates pass, strawberry-flavored drinks may lose their red color and biscuits may lose their
crunch
（松脆）, but they are not harmful.
"It's a confusing subject, the difference between food quality and food safety," said Jena Roberts, vice president of National Food Lab, a US food testing company. "Even in the food industry I have colleagues who get confused."
This is why scientists are calling for a standard explanation to be printed following the useby dates. "We want this to be clearly communicated so consumers are not misunderstanding the data and contributing to a lot of waste," said Dana Gunders, a staff scientist with the NRDC.
But this won't be a mistake that is easy to correct since people have believed it for so long. Another problem is that the quality levels of different foods change differently—some are still safe to eat long after their useby date while others are not.
As a result, food industry officials are now thinking of changing the useby date to a date indicating when food is most likely to go bad.
（1）The useby date was first intended to ______.
A: tell the freshness of food
B: show the safety of food
C: give a warning of food poisoning
D: indicate the relation between food and illness
（2）The underlined word "misinterpreted" in Paragraph 4 probably means ______.
A: made guesses about
B: formed a wrong idea about
C: made wrong use of
D: took no notice of
（3）Which of the following is TRUE?
A: Most customers understand what useby dates mean.
B: "Useby dates" have existed for more than 50 years.
C: Biscuits can't be eaten when not as crunchy as they are bought.
D: Even after their useby dates pass
some foods are still safe to eat.
（4）Scientists are calling for a standard explanation to be printed together with the useby dates because ______.
A: useby dates are not helpful or reliable
B: more consumers get worried about food safety
C: most consumers often misunderstand useby dates
D: the quality level of different foods changes differently
【答案】ABDC
【解答】
（1）A 细节理解题。

根据第三段第二句When they first showed up, use-by dates were only supposed to indicate freshness.可知，最初引入保质期是为了显示食物是否新鲜。

故选A项。

（2）B 词义猜测题。

根据第四段第一句But the truth is that these dates aren't related to the risk of food poisoning or foodborn illness, according to Time News.以及第五段可知，消费者对保质期存在误解。

所以misinterpret误解，曲解。

故选B项。

（3）D 细节理解题。

根据倒数第二段中some are still safe to eat long after their use-by date while others are not.可知有些食物虽然过了保质期，但是还是可以食用的。

故选D项。

（4）C 细节理解题。

根据倒数第三段第二句We want this to be clearly communicated so consumers are not misunderstanding the data and contributing to a lot of waste可知，科学家们需要一个标准的解释以消除消费者对保质期的误解。

可见，原因是消费者总是误解保质期。

故选C。

第3题.
Jem was twelve. He was difficult to live with, inconsistent, moody. His appetite was enormous, and he told me so many times to stop annoying him.
I consulted Atticus: "Reckon he's got a tapeworm?" Atticus said no, Jem was growing. I must be patient with him and disturb him as little as possible.
This change in Jem had come about in a matter of weeks. Several times he went so far as to tell me what to do. After one argument when Jem shouted, "It's time you started bein' a girl and acting right!" I burst into tears and fled to Calpurnia.
"Don't you worry too much over Mister Jem--" she began.
"Mister Jem?"
"Yeah, he's just about Mister Jem now."
"He ain't that old," I said. "All he needs is somebody to beat him up, and I ain't big enough."
"Baby," said Calpurnia, "I just can't help it if Mister Jem's growin' up. He's gonna want to be off to himself a lot now, doin' whatever boys do, so you just come right on in the kitchen when you feel lonesome. We'll find lots of things to do in here." She seemed glad to see me when I appeared in the kitchen.
But summer came and I received a letter from Dill. It said he would not come this summer. I was not used to his absence. I stayed miserable for two days.
As if that were not enough, the state legislature
（立法机关）was called into emergency session and Atticus left us for two weeks. There were sit-down strikes in Birmingham; bread lines in the cities grew longer, people in the country grew poorer. But these were events remote from the world of Jem and me.
We were surprised one morning to see a cartoon picture of our father in The Montgomery Advertiser. It showed Atticus barefooted and in short pants, chained to a desk: he was diligently writing on a stone while some frivolous （轻佻的）-looking girls yelled, "Yoo-hoo!" at him.
"That's a compliment
（表扬）," explained Jem. "He spends his time doin' things that wouldn't get done if nobody did 'em."
"Huh?"
In addition to Jem's newly developed characteristics, he had acquired a maddening air of wisdom.
"Oh, Scout, it's like reorganizing the tax systems of the counties and things. That kind of thing's pretty dry to most men."
"How do you know?"
"Oh, go on and leave me alone. I'm readin' the paper."
Jem got his wish. I departed for the kitchen.
（1）Which of the following did NOT affect Scout's life that summer? A: Jem's growing.
B: Dill's failing to come.
C: Atticus' leaving for sessions.
D: A cartoon in the newspaper.
（2）What belonged to Jem's newly developed characteristics that summer? A: His tapeworm.
B: His eating much.
C: His consistent mood.
D: His abuse of Scout.
（3）Scout hoped that Jem could return to normal if someone ______.
A: hit him heavily
B: disturbed him
C: treated him badly
D: made him independent
（4）What happened outside the world of Jem and Scout that summer? A: People went on strike by eating nothing.
B: More people were waiting for food.
C: People went to the countryside.
D: Atticus was chained to his office.
【答案】DBAB
【解答】
（1）D 细节理解题。

根据第八段But summer came and I received a letter from Dill. It said he would not come this summer. I was not used to his absence. I stayed miserable for two days.可知Scout因为夏天Dill的缺席而悲伤了好几天；根据第九段As if that were not enough, the state legislature
（立法机关）was called into emergency session and Atticus left us for two weeks.可知Atticus被州议会叫走也给Scout造成了影响；而根据上文所描述了Scout和Jem争吵可知，Jem的变化也给Scout造成了影响。

只有D项报纸上的一副漫画未给Scout带来影响。

（2）B 细节理解题。

根据第一段Jem was twelve. He was difficult to live with, inconsistent, moody. His appetite was enormous... Jem12岁。

他难以相处，反复无常，情绪多变。

他食量巨大......和第二段This change in Jem had come about in a matter of weeks. Jem身上的这些变化已经开始还几个星期了。

可知吃的太多是Jem的变化之一。

（3）A 细节理解题。

根据第六段All he needs is somebody to beat him up, and I ain't big enough.他所需要的是有人揍他一顿。

但我还不够大。

可知Scout希望有人重重地揍Jem一顿，让他回归正常生活。

（4）B 推理判断。

根据第九段There were sit-down strikes in Birmingham; bread lines in the cities grew longer, people in the country grew poorer. But these were events remote from the world of Jem and me.伯明翰发生了静坐罢工；城市里排队买面包的人越来越长，乡村里的人越来越穷。

但这些事情离我和Jem的世界很遥远。

可知在Scout和Jem的世界之外，越来越多的人变得贫穷，越来越多的人等待着食物。

第4题.
One of the most endangered species, the Hainan gibbon
（长臂猿）, is barely surviving. Only 30 remain on the planet, all restricted to a single forest on China's Hainan Island. Because the species is so precious, each gibbon's survival is vital, says BoscoPui Lok Chan, who manages the Hainan Gibbon Conservation Project.
In the forest, the gibbons use their long arms to swing from tree to tree, enabling them to easily gather forest fruits. They're fearful of moving on the ground, which is why decades of forest fragmentation from cutting down trees and agricultural activities has separated groups from one another, causing them to slowly die out.
So after typhoon Rammasun caused a severe landslide in May 2015, destroying more of the gibbons' habitat and opening gaps that worsened previous tree losses, Chan and colleagues took emergency action. They employed professional tree climbers to fix one artificial rope bridge over the damaged section of forest. The bridge consisted of two mountaineering-grade ropes strung over a 50-foot-wide gap between trees.
A new study brings welcome news: Gibbons are using the bridge, suggesting that this strategy can be used elsewhere in the forest to help the animals move around, co-author Chan says. At first, the gibbons acted as if they hadn't seen the bridge, so after waiting 176 days, Chan says, "it was a pleasant relief when the gibbons finally used it."
"As we divide the world into smaller and smaller pieces with roads and other constructions, it's important to think about solutions for keeping connectivity between habitats," says Gregory, who wasn't involved in the study. She adds the bridge could inspire other conservationists working to protect rare forest animals. Chan agrees but reminds that rope bridges are only a short-term fix. "Finding ways to restore natural forest should be a priority," says Chan. "That is the most effective and long-term solution for conservation."
（1）What life habit speeds gibbons' extinction?
A: They move slowly.
B: They live in separated groups.
C: They prefer fruits as their food.
D: They fear living on the ground.
（2）Why are rope bridges fixed in the forest?
A: To connect habitats.
B: To protect the forest.
C: To prevent landslide.
D: To warn tree climbers.
（3）What was gibbons' reaction to the rope bridge at the beginning?
A: They just ignored it.
B: They thought it frightening.
C: They were curious about it.
D: They took advantage of it.
（4）What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A: The gibbon population is decreasing quickly.
B: Chan thinks the rope bridges show little effect.
C: Gregory disagrees with Chan in gibbon protection.
D: We need to figure out better ways to protect gibbons.
【答案】DAAD
【解答】
（1）D 细节理解题。

根据第二段They're fearful of moving on the ground, which is why decades of forest fragmentation from cutting down trees and agricultural activities has separated groups from one another, causing them to slowly die out.它们害怕在地面上移动，这就是为什么几十年来由于砍伐树木和农业活动造成的森林碎片化，使得这些群体彼此分离，导致它们慢慢灭绝。

可知，是因为它们害怕住在地上才导致了它们的灭绝。

故选D。

（2）A 细节理解题。

根据第三段destroying more of the gibbons' habitat and opening gaps that worsened previous tree losses, Chan and colleagues took emergency action. They employed professional tree climbers to fix one artificial rope bridge over the damaged section of forest.破坏了更多长臂猿的栖息地，开辟了更严重的树木损失的缺口，Chan和同事们采取了紧急行动。

他们雇佣了专业的爬树者来修复森林受损部分上的一座人造绳索桥。

可知，用索桥连接长臂猿的栖息地。

故选A。

（3）A 推理判断题。

根据第四段At first, the gibbons acted as if they hadn't seen the bridge一开始，长臂猿表现得好像没见过这座桥。

可知长臂猿无视索桥的存在。

故选A。

（4）D 细节理解题。

根据最后一段rope bridges are only a short-term fix.吊桥只是一种短期的解决办法。

可知，我们需要想出更好的方法来保护长臂猿。

故选D。

2.七选五
第5题.
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

A dog snoring away the afternoon on the living room floor. Walruses snoozing on a beach. Lions sprawled out on the Serengeti. A hippo dozing on a mudbank
（1）________ Why do these mammals seem to be getting so much more sleep than humans? Do they actually need more sleep? Are they just sleeping because they can? Should humans be sleeping more, too? Be prepared for a surprising and fascinating answer to these questions:（2）________.
Though constantly studied, sleep is one of the great mysteries modern science hasn't completely cracked. "We really don't know what sleep is for." Dr. David Raizen, an associate professor of neurology said.
One idea is that sleep in mammals has to do with body size and diet, according to a 2005 study in the journal Nature
（3）________ A reason for this may be that the larger an animal is, the more calories it needs, and the more time it needs to spend eating
（4）________ Sleep is complex, hard to measure in wild animals and even harder to interpret. It's important to remember that some differences in observed sleep might not be what they seem. Just because a house cat sleeps for 18 hours a day doesn't mean it needs all that sleep to function, Raizen said.
（5）________ Raizen said the most important thing is for people to listen to their bodies and get as much sleep as they feel they need—which is about eight hours for most folks but might be as few as five and as many as eleven.
A. Nobody knows.
B. As for human sleep?
C. Dr. David will tell the truth.
D. However, the matter is far from settled.
E. These sleepy scenes may make people puzzled.
F. Many studies of mammalian sleep have been carried out so far.
G. Scientists have observed less sleep is related to a larger body.
【答案】'E', 'A', 'G', 'D', 'B'
【解答】
（1）E 根据空前的A dog snoring away the afternoon on the living room floor. Walruses snoozing on a beach. Lions sprawled out on the Serengeti. A hippo dozing on a mudbank.可知，上文提到了许多动物不同的睡觉的情景。

此空可能是作者对这些现象产生的困惑，E项：这些令人昏昏欲睡的场景可能会让人感到困惑。

符合语境，故选E。

（2）A 根据空前的Be prepared for a surprising and fascinating answer to these questions可知，这个答案是意想不到的，及从后段中得知人类睡眠的多少是否越来越好并没有明确的答案，A项：没人知道。

符合语境，故选A。

（3）G 根据上文One idea is that sleep in mammals has to do with body size and diet及空后的A reason for this may be that the larger an animal is, the more calories it needs, and the more time it needs to spend eating.可知，哺乳动物的睡眠长短和体型有关，G项：科学家已经观察到睡眠较少与身体较大有关。

符合语境。

故选G。

（4）D 根据上文的One idea is that sleep in mammals has to do with body size and diet一种观点是哺乳动物的睡眠与体型和饮食有关，及空后的Sleep is complex, hard to measure in wild animals and even harder to interpret.睡眠是复杂的，在野生动物身上很难测量，更难以解释。

可知，此处与前文形成转折关系，D项：然而，这个问题远未解决。

符合语境，故选D。

（5）B 根据空后的Raizen said the most important thing is for people to listen to their bodies and get as much sleep as they feel they need—which is about eight hours for most folks but might be as few as five and as many as eleven.可知，这段主要提到的是人类的睡眠，此空应填的是关于人类睡眠的问题，B项：至
于人类的睡眠呢？符合语境，故选B。

3.完形填空
第6题.
Ever since I moved to Beijing in August, people have been telling me about the Fragrant Hills—
（1）______ the autumn views they offer.
So last Sunday I
（2）______ two poor, simple laowai. We looked forward with childish
（3）______ to golden leaves and the spiced smell of the pines in the crisp October air. After an hour-long subway and taxi
（4）______, we found ourselves on a vast ring road interchange,
（5）______ with traffic and people coming from all directions. It seemed that all China had decided to come to the Fragrant Hills that day.
The words "Fragrant Hills"
（6）______ a picture of natural beauty and harmony—not rows of shops and （7）______ vendors screaming at you to buy their goods.
After half an hour of
（8）______ through the sea of bodies, we made
（9）______ into the park. All pretences of polite "Britishness" were washed away as we
（10）______ moved people aside with two hands—the only way of making progress. A couple of times, we attempted a bit of wandering
（11）______ the path, only to be stung by poison ivy. We sadly returned to the
（12）______. Then suddenly, just past a temple, we spotted a dirt track. The people
（13）______. We were the only ones there. There were our golden
（14）______ and our peaceful pine forests.
（15）______, we collapsed onto rocks and brought out our lunchboxes.
But the time came
（16）______ we had to grit our teeth and throw ourselves
（17）______ again. It took another half hour of fruitless
（18）______ before we could collapse into a taxi. At about 7 pm, I finally arrived at my
（19）______ station, home sweet home, tired and aching. I had found my Fragrant Hills, my oasis of
（20）______, my harmony—in Chaoyang district.
（1）
A: particularly
B: specially
C: surely
D: absolutely
（2）
A: cheered up
B: brought up
C: gathered up
D: picked up
（3）
A: travel
B: excitement
C: interest
D: expectation
（4）
A: street
B: ride
C: trip
D: journey
（5）
A: crowded
B: busy
C: boiling D: heavy （6）
A: write
B: show
C: paint
D: draw （7）
A: noisy
B: happy C: ordinary D: common （8）
A: walking B: running C: going D: struggling （9）
A: it
B: one
C: ourselves D: them （10）
A: slowly B: quickly C: physically D: mentally （11）
A: through B: off
C: across D: on
（12）
A: road
B: crowd
C: way
D: visitors （13）
A: lost
B: appeared C: disappeared D: came
（14）
A: trees
B: sunshine C: leaves
D: fruits
（15）
A: Exhausted B: Surprised C: Excited
D: Disappointed （16）
A: which
B: what
C: that
D: when
（17）
A: uphill
B: away
C: downhill D: nowhere （18）
A: standing B: yelling
C: waving
D: renting
（19）
A: railway
B: bus
C: subway
D: city
（20）
A: calm
B: thrill
C: frustration
D: satisfaction
【答案】ACBBCCADACBBCCADCCCA
【解答】
（1）A 考查副词辨析。

句意：自从8月我搬到北京，人们一直告诉我香山的事情，______秋天的景色。

particularly特别，尤其；specially专门地；surely 当然，无疑；absolutely绝对地。

由语境知道这里是强调香山秋天的美景，表示尤其是。

故选A。

（2）C 考查动词短语辨析。

句意：上个星期天，我和两个老外一块去香山。

cheered up欢呼起来，振作起来；brought up养育；gathered up收集，聚集；picked up 捡起。

由下文We looked forward with childish...可知，我们是一起去香山的，gathered up符合题意，故选C。

（3）B 考查名词辨析。

句意：我们带着孩子般的______期待着香山的红叶……。

travel 旅行；excitement兴奋；interest兴趣；expectation期待。

由下文在香山所见和我们预期相差甚远可知，开始去香山时，我们以为看到的风景和想象的一样，所以我们要香山的时候是很兴奋的。

故选B。

（4）B 考查名词辨析。

句意：坐了一小时的地铁和出租后，我们发现我们在一个巨大的环形公路立交桥上。

street街道；ride
（乘坐汽车等的）旅行，乘；trip在英国指短距离的行程，在美国则指长距离的行程；journey的意思指旅行，行程，多指有目的地的陆上长途旅行，有时也指水上或空中旅行，其距离远近、时间长短、旅行的目的和方式均不限，也不表示是否要返回出发地，是正式用语。

由空格前的an hour-long subway and taxi知道这里指乘坐汽车等的旅行。

故选B。

（5）C 考查形容词辨析。

句意：我们发现我们在一个巨大的环形公路立交桥上，
______，桥上都是来自于四面八方的人和交通车辆。

crowded拥挤的；busy繁忙的；boiling沸腾的，人声鼎沸的；heavy重的。

由下文的It seemed that all China had decided to come to the Fragrant Hills that day.可知，似乎所有的中国人那天都来香山看红叶，说明人多车多，一派喧闹景象，用boiling形象地描述出人声鼎沸的景象。

故选C。

（6）C 考查动词辨析。

句意：香山一词描绘出一幅自然美景……。

write写；show出示；paint描绘，描写，绘画；draw作画讲时指用铅笔、蜡笔、粉笔等画素描、画线、画地图等。

由语境可知，这里是描绘出一幅画。

故选C。

（7）A 考查形容词辨析。

句意：香山一词描绘出一幅自然和谐的美景，而不是成排的店铺，和______冲你叫卖的小贩。

noisy嘈杂的；happy快乐的；ordinary普通的；common共有的。

下文的screaming at you to buy暗示这里是嘈杂的。

故选A。

（8）D 考查名词辨析。

句意：在人山人海中努力前行半小时后，我们成功地进入香山公园。

walking散步，步行；running跑；going去；struggling奋斗，努力。

struggle through奋力通过。

符合题意，故选D。

（9）A 考查代词辨析。

句意：在人山人海中努力前行半小时后，我们成功地进入香山公园。

it它；one一，一个；ourselves我们自己；them他们。

make it达到，成功做成，是习惯表达。

故选A。

（10）C 考查副词辨析。

句意：当我们用双手推着人前进时，所有的英国式的礼貌都被忘却。

slowly缓慢地；quickly快速地；physically身体上地；mentally精神上地。

由语境知道这里是用手推着人群走，是身体上的接触。

故选C。

（11）B 考查介词辨析。

句意：我们试图稍微______小径，结果被毒藤划伤。

through穿过；off离开；across穿越；on在……上。

由下文的We sadly returned to…知道是偏离小径。

故选B。

（12）B 考查名词辨析。

句意：我们又伤心地返回______。

road道路；crowd人群；way路，方法；visitors游客。

由上文我们一开始推着人群前行，后来试图偏离小径，可知这里是又回到人群。

故选B。

（13）C 考查动词辨析。

lost丢失；appeared出现；disappeared消失；came 来。

下文的We were the only ones there.暗示只有我们在那里，所以此处说人群消失了。

故选C。

（14）C 考查名词辨析。

句意：那里有金色的______和宁静的松树林。

trees树；sunshine阳光；leaves树叶；fruits水果。

由语境知道，是去看香山红叶，及上文第二段中提示We looked forward with childish
（3）______ to golden leaves…，所以是树叶。

故选C。

（15）A 考查形容词辨析。

根据we collapsed onto rocks and brought out our lunchboxes.我们瘫倒在岩石上，拿出午餐盒。

可知，他们很累。

Exhausted筋疲力尽的；Surprised惊讶的；Excited兴奋的；Disappointed失望的。

故选A。

（16）D 考查连词辨析。

句意：我们不得不咬紧牙关，重新投入人流中的时刻到了。

which哪一个；what什么；that那个；when当……时。

由语境知道这里是说离开香山，回家的时刻。

由句子结构知道此处要用when引导定语从句修饰先行词time，time在从句做时间状语。

故选D。

（17）C 考查名词辨析。

句意：我们不得不咬紧牙关，重新投入人流中下山的时刻到了。

uphill上升，上坡；away离去，离开；downhill下山；nowhere无处，任何地方。

我们要回去，只好再次加入下山返程的人潮中。

故选C。

（18）C 考查动词辨析。

句意：花了半个小时，我们才坐上出租车。

standing站立；yelling喊叫；waving挥动；renting租用。

由语境知道，这里是说坐车的人多，我们招了半个小时的手，才找到出租车。

故选C。

（19）C 考查名词辨析。

句意：我最终到达了我家附近的地铁站。

railway火车站；bus公交；subway地铁；city城市。

由第二段中描述去香山时的路线可知，这里是表示地铁站。

故选C。

（20）A 考查名词辨析。

句意：我找到了我自己的香山，我______的绿洲。

calm平静，镇定；thrill激动；rustration挫折；satisfaction满意。

根据前文可知香山上非常拥挤喧闹，根据harmony可知这里是找到自己的平静的港湾。

故选A。

4.语法填空
第7题.
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Travel increases your chances of getting and spreading COVID-19. We don't know if one type of travel is（1）________（safe）than others. However, airports, bus stations, train stations, and rest stops are all places travelers can be exposed（暴露）to the virus in（2）________ air and on surfaces. These are also places（3）________ it can be hard to keep 6 feet apart from other people.
Air travel
Air travel requires travelers（4）________（spend）time in security lines and airport terminals（终点）, which can bring you in close contact with other people and（5）________（frequent）touched surfaces. Most viruses and other germs do not spread easily on flights because（6）________ air circulation
and filtration（过滤）on airplanes. However, social distancing（7）________（be）difficult on crowded flights.
Bus or train travel
Traveling on buses and trains for any（8）________（long）of time means sitting or standing within 6 feet of others.
Car travel
（9）________（make）stops along the way for gas, food, or bathroom breaks can put you and your traveling companions in close contact with other people and surfaces.
RV（旅行房车）travel
You may have to stop less often for food or bathroom breaks,（10）
________ RV travel typically means staying at RV parks overnight and getting gas and supplies at other public places. These stops may put you and those with you in the RV in close contact with others.
【答案】'
（1）safer', '
（2）the', '
（3）where', '
（4）to spend', '
（5）frequently ', '
（6）of ', '
（7）is', '
（8）length', '
（9）Making', '
（10）but'
【解答】
（1）safer 考查形容词比较级。

根据空后的表示比较的介词than可知，此处应用所给形容词的比较级形式safer，在句中作表语。

故填safer。

（2）the 考查定冠词。

这里使用固定搭配in the air，表示在空中。

故填the。

（3）where 考查定语从句。

根据分析可知，该句含有一个限制性定语从句，先行词为places，表示地点，且引导词在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where。

故填where。

（4）to spend 考查动词不定式。

这里使用固定搭配require sb. to do sth.表示要求某人做某事。

故填to spend。

（5）frequently 考查副词。

根据分析可推知这里表示经常接触的表面，所填词在句中修饰其后的形容词touched，应该填入所给词的副词形式frequently。

故填frequently。

（6）of 考查介词。

根据分析可推知这里表示因为飞机上的空气循环和过滤，大多数病毒和其他病菌不容易在飞机上传播。

这里表示因为，且air circulation是名词短语，filtration是名词，所以这里可用介词短语because of，后接名词
（短语）、代词或动名词
（短语）等。

故填of。

（7）is 考查一般现在时和主谓一致。

根据分析可知，这里讲述的是实际的情况，所以句子时态为一般现在时，且主语为social distancing，是单数概念，所以be动词可用is。

故填is。

（8）length 考查名词。

根据空前的修饰语any以及其后面的of可知，这里可用名词length长度。

故填length。

（9）Making 考查动名词。

根据分析这里表示一贯的动作，时间概念不明显，所以可用动名词短语作主语，所以这里用making符合语境，位于句首，其首字母应大写。

故填Making。

（10）but 考查连词。

You may have to stop less often for food or bathroom breaks你可能不得不少停下来吃饭或上厕所和RV travel typically means staying at RV parks overnight and getting gas and supplies at other public places.旅行房车旅行通常意味着在旅行房车公园过夜，并在其他公共场所获得汽油和补给之间是转折关系，所以可用表转折的连词but。

故填but。

5.短文改错
第8题.
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同学写的以下作
文．文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处．错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改．
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写岀该加的词．
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉．
修改：在错词的下面划一横线，并在该词下面写出改后的词．
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分．
I still well remember my middle school life in Zhengzhou． I was then in a school for student from Tibet． As we all left home of an early age， we met lots of problems in our daily life． We have to do the washing， cleaning and shopping by us． However， we seldom felt alone or helpless． We enjoyed our happy life． At weekends， we will play basketball on the playground，swimming in the pool or go for picnic in the park． We were living in a big family． We treated each other as brothers and sisters． Although it has been three years when we graduated， but those memories are as sweet as ever before．
【答案】I still well remember my middle school life in Zhengzhou． I was then in a school for student from Tibet． As we all left home of an early age， we met lots of problems in our daily life． We have to do the washing， cleaning and shopping by us． However， we seldom felt alone or helpless． We enjoyed our happy life． At weekends， we will play basketball on the playground，swimming in the pool or go for∧ picnic in the park． We were。