内蒙古赤峰二中人教版高中英语复习必修五学案：unit3Period3

必修五Unit3
Unit 3 Period 3
一、学习目标
1. 掌握过去分词作定语和状语的用法，并能在真实情景中运用。

2. 培养学生观察思考语言知识现象, 归纳总结语言规则的能力。

3. 运用所学语法知识，进行说写的练习。

二．知识重难点将过去分词作状语与过去分词作表语，定语区分开来，并能掌握过去分词作状语句子中主句与分句的关系以及主句主语与分句谓语动词的关系，从而达到运用这一语法知识的目的。

能够正确地选择现在分词或过去分词作为定语或状语，并明白其分别表达的意思。

三．知识点拨
1. 重点内容讲解① 过去分词作定语
A. 来自及物动词的-ed 分词作定语时通常带有被动意义和完成意义。

如：frozen food 冰冻食物a finished article 一篇已完成的文章a bored traveler 一个觉得无聊的游客
B. 来自不及物动词的-ed 分词很少能单独作为定语，能作这种用法的-ed 分词仅表示完成意义，不表示被动意义。

如
a retired worker = a worker who has retired an escaped prisoner= a prisoner who has escaped a faded/ withered flower= a flower that has faded/ withered fallen leaves= leaves that have fallen a risen sun= the sun that has just risen a returned student= a student who has returned (from abroad) a grown man= a person who has grown to a man's size 某些来自不及物动词的-ed 分词不可单独作为定语修饰名词(如不可以说behaved boy, a travelled businessman），但若与某些副词构成复合形容词，便可作定语。

如：
Well- behaved children= children who behave well
A widely-travelled businessman= one who has travelled widely
Newly-arrived visitors= visitors who have newly arrived
C. -ed 分词是非谓语动词，它们仍保留着动词的特性，可以接自己的宾语及被状语
修饰，从而构成-ed分词短语。

单个-ed分词作定语时放在中心语之前，-ed 分词短语作定语时放在中心语之后。

如：
the polluted water
the most disappointed man
A lighted candle is one that has been lit.
a bookshelf filled with books
the man disappointed by his kid
2. 过去分词作状语
-ed 分词作状语可表示多种意义：
A. -ed分词作时间状语
Heated, the metal expands.
Once appointed headmaster, he took the stern measures expected of him.
B. -ed 分词作原因状语
Deeply moved, he thanked her over and over again.
Absorbed in his book, Jim didn'tnotice his mother 's coming.
C. - ed分词作条件状语
United, we stand；divided，we fall.
Seen in this way, the matter is not as serious as people generally suppose.
D. -ed 分词作让步状语
Beaten by the police and sent to jail, Gandhi invented the principle of nonviolent resista nee（非暴力抵抗主义）.
E. -ed 分词作伴随状语
I went around the town, faseinated by the eonstruetion going on everywhere. The teaeher eame into the offiee, followed by two students.
2. 易混内容
①-ed分词作定语通常带有被动意义和完成意义；-ing分词作定语带有主动意
义和正在进行的意义，且可表示中心语的功能，性质，作用。

试比较：the froze n food a freez ing wi nd
A recorded talk a recordi ng mach ine
Writte n Ian guage writi ng paper
②-ed分词作状语时，分词动作与句子主语时动宾的关系；-ing分词作状语时，
分词动作与句子主语时主动的关系。

试比较：
Seated in the sofa, my sister was talking to her friend on the telephone.
Sitti ng in the sofa, my sister was talk ing to her friend on the teleph one.
Whe n sleep in g, I n ever hear a thing.
Whe n asked to repeat what the man ager had said, Jack said nothing.
四、知识拓展
-ing分词，-ed分词作状语时，它的逻辑主语必须与句子主语一致，否则应加上它自己的主语，称为独立主格结构。

如：
Weather permitt ing, the basketball match will be played on Wedn esday.
The man ager sat quietly in the office, eyes closed.
Everythi ng take n in to con siderati on, the meeti ng was successful.
The last bus hav ing gone, we had to walk home.
A组课堂基础练习
一、汉语意思，在空格处填入适当的词。

1、受到了极大的鼓舞，那些疲惫的运动员尽全力赢得了比赛。

Greatly ______ , the ________ players tried to win the match.
2、多次告诉她不要玩电脑游戏，她就是不听
Though __________ many times not to play with computer games, she
liste n.
3、由于在地下埋得太深，枯死的森林腐烂而变成了煤。

_______ ___________ down in the earth, the dead forests rotted away and became coal.
4、我们的村子坐落在一个群山环绕的峡谷中，很少有污染。

Our village lies in a valley _______ by mountains, seldom __________ .
5、从太空望去，地球是个被水覆盖的球体。

_______ _________ space, the earth is a water-covered globe.
6穿着一身白衣服，她看起来更漂亮。

________ in white, she looks __________ ____________ beautiful
7、这个男孩没有遵守校规，所以被老师惩罚了。

The boy did not _________ the school rules, __________ __________ the teacher.
8、虽然被敌人打，他拒绝说出秘密。

_______ _________ the enemy, he __________ ___________ let out the secret.
二、单项选择
1. _____ from the top of the hill, the city takes the round shape with a flowing river through it.
A. Viewi ng
B. To be viewed
C. Viewed
D. To be viewi ng
2. _____ warmly for his work, he was too ______ to fall asleep.
A. Prais ing; excited
B. To praise; excit ing
C. Praised; excit ing
D. Praised; excited
3. Having been praised by the teacher the little girl ran back home， ____ .
A. happily and satisfied
B. eager and excitedly
C. happy and satisfied
D. anxiously and excitedly
4.1 sat until after eleven, _____ in a book.
A. absorbing
B. having absorbed
C. absorbed
D. having been absorbing
5. Though ________ mon ey, his pare nts man aged to send him to school.
A. lacked
B. lack ing of
C. lack of
D. lack ing
6. ______ a reply, he decided to send another e-mail.
A. Not recei ving
B. Recei ving not
C. Not hav ing received
D. Having not received
7. —How do you deal with the disagreeme nt betwee n the compa ny and the customers?
—The key _____ t he problem is to meet the dema nd _____ by the customers.
A. to sol ving; making
B. to sol ving; made
C. to solve; mak ing
D. to solve; made
8. Somebody __ Jack phoned while you were out.
A. to call
B. call ing
C. being called
D. called
9. —It sa pity that the trees are going to die.
—__________ more atte nti on, they could have grow n better.
A. Givi ng
B. Give n
C. To give
D. Give
10. _______ the gen eral sate of his health, it may take him a while to recover from the operati on.
A. Give n
B. To give
C. Givi ng
D. Havi ng give n
11. —Can those ______ at the back of the classroom hear me?
—No problem.
A. seat
B. sit
C. seated
D. sat
12. Europea n football is played in 80 coun tries, _____ it the most popular sport in the world
A. maki ng
B. makes
C. made D to make
13. Whe n I got back home I saw a message pinned to the doctor ______ , Sorry to miss you; will call later.
A. read
B. reads
C. to read
D. read ing
14. What worried the child most was ______ to visit his mother in the hospital.
A. his not allow ing
B. his not being allowed
C. his being not allowed
D. hav ing not bee n allowed
15. He sent me an e-mail ______ to get further in formati on.
A. hoped
B. hop ing
C. to hope
D. hope。