2020高中英语 情态动词(Modal Verbs)教案 外研版必修2
M4U2 Modal verbs学案(good)
Modal verbs（情态动词学案）•主要的情态动词：can/could; may/might; must, need, dare, shall, should/ought to, will/would. •情态动词的基本特点：(1)情态动词具有一定的词义，如表示能力，许可，责任，猜测等。
(2)情态动词不能独立使用，必须和另一个动词的原形一起构成谓语；即：情态动词+动词原形。
(3)情态动词一般无人称和数的变化。
(4) 情态动词的否定式：情态动词的疑问式:一、can/could/ be able to do1. can 1)表示能力，意思是―会，能，可以‖。
could 表示过去的能力。
(1)令我们惊讶的是，她会开车但不会骑车。
To our surprise, she a car but a bike.(2)她三岁时就会说一点英语了。
She ___________ a little English when she was 3.be able to do 表示能力, 可以用于各种时态，比较正式.(1)明天你可以来吗? _____ you ______________tomorrow?(2)我认为戴维能够处理这个问题。
I think David __________________ this problem.(3)两年后，他的汉语能说得非常流利了。
Two years later, he ______________ very good Chinese.was/were able to do sth.could do sth.(1) There was a big fire in the building, but luckily everyone ____ escape at last.A. couldB. was able to(2) _______ I use your cell phone for a while? I left mine in my bag.(3) Finally every passenger on the burning bus ________ escape with the help of the local police.(4) In his sixties, my grandpa _______ still read without glasses.(5) He didn’t agree to my plan at first, but I __________ persuade him in the end.2) 表示许可。
M4U2 modal verbs(公开课课件)
A.can B.may C.have to D.must
3.Certainty (可能性) :
Although the chance of winning a
medal is small, I’ll try my best!
Shi Dongpeng _m_i_gh_t_ win a medal at the Olympic games.
5.Making requests (提出要求):
I don’t know how to use this equipment!
_C_a_n_you help me with my training?
6.Making suggestions (提出建议):
It’s too hot to take exercise
seconds ago.
A.may
B.might C.must
—They___ be doing the experiment in the lab. —Why？ —Because the lights are still burning.
A.could C.must
B.can D.would
4.Permission (允许):
in the afternoon.
S_h_a_l_l we do the training in the morning?
shall: 1.Shall用于第一、第三人称疑问
句中，表示说话人征求对方的意 见、向对方请示或提供帮助 。
1.Shall we begin our lesson? 2.When shall he be allowed to
3. 表示惊讶, 忧虑, 惋惜等感情色彩。
I am really surprised that he
2020学年新教材高中英语Unit1FoodforthoughtPeriodFourGrammar—Modals1教案外研版必修第二册
Period Four Grammar—Modals(1)感知以下课文原句，完成方框下的小题1．...I was able to hold a knife and fork—and chopsticks!2．But there are still some dishes that Dad dare not try even after many years of marriage to my mother.3．...Mum and I just have to find a way to get him into the kitchen!4．...we’d better not eat too much roast food as it may make us suffer from heat inside our bodies...5．“You needn’t try it if you don’t want to，”Mum said...Choose the meanings to the words in bold above.A．Be afraid to do something.B．Not be necessary to do something.C．Give advice to do or not to do something.D．Be necessary or give strong advice to do something.E．Have the ability to do something.1．E 2.A 3.D 4.C 5.B一、基本特征1．情态动词有一定的词义，不能单独作谓语，需和实义动词或系动词一起作谓语。
She can speak English though she is six.尽管她才6岁，但她会说英语。
2．情态动词一般无人称和数的变化，个别情态动词有现在时和过去时两种时态变化。
Modal verbs 情态动词导学案
Modal verbs 情态动词导学案陈艳红【学习目标】1.牢固掌握情态动词的基本意义和用法；提高运用解题能力。
2.通过合作探究，解决情态动词理解障碍；学会熟练语法知识解题的方法。
3.全力以赴，以激情投入学习，享受阅读的快乐。
【重点难点】：情态动词在语境中的运用。
【使用说明及学法指导】自学：20分钟课前自学导学案课前预习部分，独立完成预习效果检测。
【课前预习案】情态动词命题特点考点点击：情态动词主要用来表示说话人的看法、态度等，它是英语动词中最难把握的一类，也是每年高考必考内容。
命题热点：为情态动词的基本用法辨析，情态动词表示推测的用法辨析，情态动词在虚拟语气中的运用。
考查形式：主要体现在听力理解、单项填空和完形填空中。
热点一：情态动词的基本用法1. can/ could be able to①The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone ______ get out.A. had toB. wouldC. was able toD. could②--- Could I use your computer?--- Yes, you ______.③Mr. Bush is on time for everything. How ______ it be that he was late for the opening ceremony？(2001上海春)A. canB. shouldC. mayD. must2. Must/ have to①Children under 12 years of age in that country ______be under adult supervision when in a public library.A. mustB. mayC. canD. need②Tom, you _____leave all your clothes on the floor like this！(2005全国II)A. wouldn’tB. mustn’tC. needn’tD. may not③—Who is the girl standing over there?—Well, if you ______ know, her name is Mabel.A. mayB. canC. mustD. shall④Tom, _____ you play the piano at midnight?A. mayB. canC. mustD. shall3. will/ would①I _____ often go fishing when I lived in the country.②Which would you rather _____(choose), go to the cinema or go for a meal?4. shall①“The interest(利润)______ be divided into five parts, according to the agreement(合同) made by both sides,”declared the judge.A. mayB. shouldC. mustD. shallshould①You can’t imagine that a well-behaved gentleman _____ be so rude to a lady.②_____it rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off.③I ______ pay Tracy a visit, but I am not sure whether I will have time this Sunday.A. shouldB. mightC. wouldD. couldought toI ought to tell you something before you leave.变成否定句：______________________________________________________.变成一般疑问句：__________________________________________________5.need①—I don’t mind telling you what I know.—You ______. I’m not asking you for it.A. mustn’tB. may notC. can’tD. needn’t②I don’t think the windows _____ at this time of the night.A. needs cleanB. need cleaningC. need being cleanedD. need to clean6. may.---Might/Could I use your bike?--- Yes, you may/ can.（这儿不能用Might 或Could）---No, you can't. / ---No, you mustn't. / ---No, you'd better not.热点二：情态动词的推测性用法情态动词must, will, would, ought to, should, may, might用在肯定句中表示推测，其可能性程度按其排列顺序由强到弱，可以翻译成：“肯定，会，应该，可能”等意。
高中英语：module2grammar教案（外研版必修2）
用心爱心专心Module 2 No DrugsGrammar Teaching Aims: Knowledge and Skill Enable the Ss to master the important words, understand the passage and get to know the dangers of smoking and taking drugs. To get Ss to master the reading skills of scanning and skimming ．To get Ss to know the gramma cal rule ————the infini ve of purpose and the adverbial of result the infini ve of purpose and the adverbial of result ．Teaching Contents ：Grammar 1 The infini ve of purpose +Grammar 2 Adverbial clause of result Teaching Procedures ：Step 1 Presenta on. Match the uses of the word to with the sentences. A. To indicates arrangement. B. To indicates purpose. C. To follows certain verbs. I stole something every day to pay for the drugs. Teacher Wang is to meet us this a ernoon. He told me to take them to a shop in a nearby street. I con nued to buy cannabis from the same man for about six months. Suggested answers: B A C C Step 2 Explana ons: How many of them break the law in order to pay for their drugs? We can also say: How many of them break the law to pay for their drugs? How many of them break the law so as to pay for their drugs? Adam went to the man so as to buy cannabis. We can also say: Adam went to the man to buy cannabis. Adam went to the man in order to buy cannabis. Summary : (1)in order to ／in order not to 可放于句首或句中。
高一英语外研必修2模块5grammar教案
高一英语外研必修2模块5grammar教案一、教学目标1.知识目标：（1）掌握情态动词can,may,must的用法及区别。
（2）学会使用情态动词描述能力、可能性、必要性等情境。
（3）能够运用情态动词完成相关练习。
2.能力目标：（1）提高学生运用情态动词进行口语表达的能力。
（2）培养学生通过观察、分析、归纳总法规则的能力。
3.情感目标：激发学生对英语学习的兴趣，培养合作精神和团队意识。
二、教学重难点1.教学重点：（1）情态动词can,may,must的用法及区别。
（2）情态动词在句子中的运用。
2.教学难点：（1）情态动词can,may,must在不同语境中的具体用法。
（2）如何准确把握情态动词在句子中的意义和功能。
三、教学过程1.导入利用多媒体播放一段关于能力、可能性、必要性的视频，引导学生关注情态动词的用法。
2.新课导入（1）引导学生回顾已学的情态动词can,may,must的基本用法。
（2）展示一些例句，让学生猜测句子中情态动词的意义。
3.课堂讲解（1）讲解情态动词can,may,must的用法及区别。
（2）通过例句分析情态动词在句子中的意义和功能。
4.课堂练习（1）让学生完成一些填空、改写句子的练习，巩固情态动词的用法。
（2）分组讨论，让学生运用情态动词描述自己的能力、可能性、必要性等。
5.小组活动（1）让学生分成小组，用情态动词编写一段对话或故事。
（2）每组选代表进行展示，其他组进行评价。
（2）布置课后作业，要求学生运用情态动词进行写作。
四、课后作业1.完成课后练习册中关于情态动词的练习。
2.运用情态动词编写一篇小作文，描述自己的能力、可能性、必要性等。
五、教学反思本节课通过生动的例子和丰富的练习，让学生掌握了情态动词can,may,must的用法。
在课堂活动中，学生积极参与，提高了运用情态动词进行口语表达的能力。
但在教学过程中，仍有个别学生对于情态动词的用法掌握不够熟练，需要在课后加强巩固。
高中英语外研版必修2Module...
高中英语外研版必修2Module...高中英语外研版必修2Module 3 Music《Listening and vocabulary》优质课公开课教案教师资格证面试试讲教案1教学目标1 To revise and recite useful words .2 To know about the Beatles by listening.3 To find the information needed by the key words in the questions.4 To practise speaking.2学情分析虽然在高中英语教学中,听力占有很大的比重,但在日常的英语教学主要是课文讲解,语法分析,阅读训练、写作练习等,对听说不够重视,听力能力训练就是在早自习为学生统一播放听力录音,将录音的文字材料以阅读的形式分析给学生听,甚至将材料发给学生自己阅读,以练习代替教学,机械地采用“呈现题目-听录音-核对答案-再听加深理解”的模式,导致学生的英语听说训练受到限制,听说能力得不到提高,教师和学生都对各自的听说信心不足,而且致使听说与读写环节分裂,造成学生英语能力发展不均衡。
所以听说课势在必行。
3重点难点1 How to find the information needed by the key words.2 How to retell the reading passage.4教学过程4.1第一学时4.1.1教学活动活动1【导入】活动一展示目标,激情导入:StepⅠGoals(2分钟):Let the students to read and translate the three goals andfind the key words so they can be prepared for what they will learn.1 To revise and recite useful words .2 To know about the Beatles by listening.3 To practise speaking.。
高中英语：module2grammar教案(外研版必修2)
Module 2 No DrugsGrammarTeaching Aims:Knowledge and SkillEnable the Ss to master the important words, understand the passage and get to know the dangers of smoking and taking drugs.To get Ss to master the reading skills of scanning and skimming．To get Ss to know the grammatical rule——the infinitive of purpose and the adverbial of result．Teaching Contents ： Grammar 1 The infinitive of purpose+Grammar 2 Adverbial clause of resultTeaching Procedures ：Step 1 Presentation.Match the uses of the word to with the sentences.A. To indicates arrangement.B. To indicates purpose.C. To follows certain verbs.I stole something every day to pay for the drugs.Teacher Wang is to meet us this afternoon.He told me to take them to a shop in a nearby street.I continued to buy cannabis from the same man for about six months. Suggested answers: B A C CStep 2 Explanations:How many of them break the law in order to pay for their drugs?We can also say:How many of them break the law to pay for their drugs?How many of them break the law so as to pay for their drugs?Adam went to the man so as to buy cannabis.We can also say:Adam went to the man to buy cannabis.Adam went to the man in order to buy cannabis.Summary : (1)in order to／in order not to可放于句首或句中。
情态动词(modal verb)表推测用法教案设计
情态动词（modal verb）表推测用法教案设计一、教学目标：1. 知识目标：要求学生掌握使用表示推测的情态动词。
2. 能力目标：学会表推测情态动词在实际生活中的运用。
3. 情感目标：让学生爱上英语课堂，鼓励他们学习英语的自信心。
4. 学习策略目标：设法使学生掌握使用英语进行造句，增强上课的积极性。
二、教学重难点：1.教学重点：学会用情态动词must， can ，could，may ，might等表推测的用法以及各个相近情态动词间的区分。
2．教学难点：各个表推测情态动词的用法区分。
三、教学过程：（一）师生互相问候；（二）检测复习与导入（目的是复习情态动词以及引出情态动词表推测的用法）由二则谜语引入要教的情态动词：（1）.You can’t catch his body; you can’t see his shadow. When strong, he shakes the house, when weak, the tree leaves.（2）.What can you catch but not throw?让学生猜，猜完以后，说出这里面都有一个can，这个时候它的意思是什么以及在这里“表推测”的作用，由此导入主题。
（三）情态动词表示推测的用法1. 首先请看下面的这个顺口溜：这个顺口溜介绍了can (could), may (might), must表“推测”时所适用的句式的区别。
其含义如下：can不肯，即：can (could)一般不用于肯定句；may不问，即：may (might) 一般不用于疑问句；must肯定不否问，即：must一般仅用于肯定句，不用于否定句和疑问句。
2.must表示推测的用法must很有把握的推测，其意为“一定会”“肯定会”，只用于肯定句，一般不用于否定句或疑问句。
表示对现在或未来的情况作推测，后接动词原形；表示对过去情况的推测，接动词完成式。
must + be doing,表示对现在正在进行的情况的推测。
外研高中英语必修2全册教案本2整理
外研高中英语必修2全册教案本2整理Unit 1 People and PlacesObjectives:1. To introduce students to vocabulary related to people and places.2. To provide students with opportunities to practice listening, speaking, reading, and writing skills.3. To develop students' critical thinking and cultural awareness.Duration: 6 lessonsLesson 1: Introduction to People and Places- Introduce the unit topic.- Engage students in a discussion about famous people and places.- Present vocabulary related to the topic.- Assign vocabulary exercises and review in the next lesson.- Discuss the significance and historical background of the Great Wall.- Introduce note-taking skills and have students summarize the text.- Assign written exercises on the Great Wall.Lesson 3: Listening and Speaking- Play an audio clip of an interview with a local resident of a famous place.- Engage students in a role-play activity where they act as tourists and locals.- Assign speaking activities related to the topic.Lesson 4: Grammar Focus: Relative Clauses- Review the use of relative clauses and their importance in descriptive writing.- Provide examples and exercises for practice.- Have students write a descriptive paragraph about a famous person or place using relative clauses.Lesson 5: Vocabulary Expansion- Introduce idioms related to people and places.- Discuss the meanings and usage of idioms through examples.- Engage students in activities that require the use of idioms in sentences.- Assign idioms exercises and a writing task incorporating idioms.Lesson 6: Cultural Awareness- Introduce different cultural norms and customs related to greetings.- Discuss cultural differences in greetings and their importance in different societies.- Engage students in a role-play activity where they act out greetings from different cultures.- Conduct a class discussion on cultural awareness and respect.Assessment:- Assess oral presentation and participation in class discussion.- Evaluate written assignments including descriptive paragraphs and essays.- Observe students' ability to use idioms and relative clauses in their writing.。
Unit2Usinglanguge(Modals2)课件-高一英语外研版
他也许不在家。
may/might 表推测
2. may/might可以推测现在的情况、正在发生的情况、过去已经发生
的情况以及将来的情况。
（现在）
• He may/might be at home now（. 此刻）
• He may/might be sleeping now.
Using language
Modals (2)
Modals
What do the words in bold indicate: an order, a request, ability or possibility? The words in bold indicate possibility.
Jean: IYeoxupmecutsytobueatrierefdeenlionwg!tired now!
Jean: Look at those two guys dressed as chickens! Oh, they’re
waving at us! MThaeyybemtahye/ym’rieghfrto/mcould obuerfsrcohmooolu. r school.
昨天他不可能看电视了，因为他知道快要考试了。
• can’t/couldn’t have done 表示对过去事实推测，意为 “不可能做过……”。
can/could 表推测
Exercise
1. Although you __ca_n___ find bargains in London occasionally, it’s generally not a cheap place to shop.
高二英语教案：Modal Verbs(Can, may, must)
Modal Verbs(Can, may, must)Rui yi ling Teaching content:Modal verbs (can, may, must)Teaching aims:1. Review and master the usages of some modal verbs like “can, may, must”.2. Sum up and grasp the structures of these modal verbs.Teaching important point:How to correctly use modal verbs, esp. for the ones expressing possibility.Teaching difficult points:How to correctly choose modal verbs in different situationsTeaching type:A revision lessonTeaching methods:Review, explanation, inductive methods.Teaching aids:A projectorTeaching procedures:Step 1 GreetingsGreet the whole class as usual.Step 2 Revision and PresentationT: We have learned modal verbs before. Now let’s have a little quiz.students to write their answers on the Bb, and then check the answers with the whole class.Answers: 1. The light is on. 1) He may / might / could / be at home.2) He must be at home.2. The light is off. 1) He may not be at home.2) He can’t be at home.Step 3 ExplanationT: Let’s sum up these modal verbs. First get Ss to read through the points on Page 60 in revision book, and then show the following on the screen.He may be at home. (“Perhaps”)May He may not be at home. (“Uncertain”)You may go home. (“Permission”)(Expressing “guess” in the affirmative or interrogative.)He can’t be at home. (“Be certain---not”)It can be warm in winter. (“Occasional possibility”)Can---” “have a right to---”)Can you help me? (“Request”)(Expressing “guess” in the interrogative or neg ative.)He must be at home. (“Certain”)Must I must go home. (“What is necessary”)You mustn’t smoke here. (“Be forbidden to---”)(Expressing “guess” only in the affirmative.)T: Now let’s continue with some synonyms and sentences. Look at them on the screen.the negative. You can use either of them. “Be able to” sometimes means “succeed inStep 4 PracticeRewrite sentences. (Give Ss a few moments. Let them do some relevant exercises on the screen.)1. Perhaps we will have a good trip.We_____ have a good trip.2. I’m sure it isn’t made of gold.It _____ be made of gold.3. I’m sure that restaurant is a good one.That restaurant _____ be a good one.4. There is much gas here, you ___ smoke here.Step5 Summary of the usages of mo dal verbs which express “guess”T: All right. Look at the form on the screen.T: In affirmative sentence, we use “must+V” or “must be doing” to express present or present co ntinuous situation. “Must +have + p.p.”is used to express past situation orin the affirmative or negative. “Can” mainly in the negative or interrogative.Step 6 PracticeFill in the blanks using must/might/may/can/could and their negative forms. 1.—Look! Someone is coming: Who ____ it be?--It ___ be the headmaster.--It ___ be him. He has gone to Shanghai.--It ____ be Mr. Yang. He looks like the headmaster.2. – Could I borrow your dictionary?--Yes, of course you ____.3. I thought you ___ like something to read, so I bought you some books.4. Peter ___ come with us tonight, but he isn’t very sure yet.5. She doesn’t answer the bell. She ___ be asleep.6. The ground is wet. It ____ have rained last night.7. He is writing with a pencil. He ___ have lost his pen.8. A computer ___ think for itself; it ___ be told what to do.(Get Ss to do some exercises on the screen individually, and then discuss them in pairs, at last check their answers with the whole class.)Homework:Finish off the exercises.To continue reviewing Modal verbs.。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
情态动词（Modal Verbs）一．概念和特征表示说话人对某一动作或是状态的态度的动词。
情态动词具有一定的词义，但不能独立作谓语，要和后面的动词原形一起作谓语，它没有人称和数的变化，具有助动词的作用，即用来构成否定句、疑问句及用于简单回答。
二．类型1. 只用作情态动词的：must can∕could may∕might ought to2. 既可作情态动词也可作实义动词的： need dare3．可作情态动词也可作助动词的： shall ∕ should will ∕ would 4．具有情态动词特征的动词短语：have to used to would rather had better三．用法1．Can∕Could⑴. 表示能力，相当于be able to。
Can you speak English？He could swim when he was 5Can 只能用于一般现在时和一般过去式，而be able to可用于各种时态。
She has been able to play the piano for 3 years.⑵.表示征求意见，许可，could比can的语气要委婉，相当于may 。
Can I smoke here？ Yes，you can.∕No，you can’t.She asked whether she could smoke here.You can go with us if you like.⑶. 表示推测，can比could可能性大, 用于肯定句、否定句、疑问句均可。
Accidents can happen on such rainy days.It can’t be true.Can∕c ould ＋V 原形表示对现在的状态特征推测Can／could ＋be doing表示对正在进行的动作的推测Can／could ＋have done 表示对过去的推测He can’t be at home now.He can be studying now.He could have gone to school. It’s Sunday.但是情态动词表示推测时其反义疑问句应根据动词的实际事态而变化。
⑷. could have done 本能够，本可以You could have borrowed my car. I wasn’t using it.You could have come earlier.⑸表示说话人的惊异、怀疑、不相信的态度（主要用于否定句、疑问句和感叹句中）Can he be working till so late?How can you be so careless!2. May ／Might⑴. 表示征求意见，请求和许可。
May I smoke here? Yes , you may. No , you mustn’t／’d better not ／can’t.You may smoke.⑵. 表示推测，may可能性比might大，不如can语气强烈。
可能也许，通常用于肯定句中。
may／might＋v 原形表示对现在的状态特征推测may／might＋be doing表示对正在进行的动作的推测may／might＋have done 表示对过去的推测At present, there may be some problems.They might have lots of work to do now but I’m not sur e.This might be done by Tom.Let’s speed up. They may be waiting for us.⑶. 表示祝愿，用于倒装句。
May＋主语＋动词原形。
May you succeed！May he live to 100 years!May you have a good life！⑷. may／might as well＋V原形“最好”“不妨”“还是…的好”It’s too late. You might as well not go.3. Must⑴表示说话人主观看法及强烈劝告“一定要必须”同have to,只用于现在或将来，但是have to表示客观条件环境迫使必须，可用于各种时态。
mustn’t 表示禁止，用以告诉别人不要做什么。
don’t have to和needn’t都是不必没有必要用以回答must提问的疑问句。
You must have a passport if you want to go aboard.You can go out with your friend but you must come back before 11 at night.I can’t see clearly so I have to wear glasses.Must I do it now? Yes, you must. No, you needn’t／don’t have to.⑵表示推测，通常用于肯定句中，“一定”，很有把握，语气最强烈。
其否定形式为can’t／couldn’tMust＋V 原形表示对现在的状态特征推测Must＋be doing表示对正在进行的动作的推测Must＋have done 表示对过去的推测He must be ill. I can see it from his face.Something must be burning. I can smell it.Someone must have entered this room yesterday, for my books have been moved.⑶表示偏要、固执He must come and ask her questions when she was busy.As I was about to start to work, the telephone must phone.4. Need⑴表示“需要”或“必须”，作为情态动词时没有人称和数的变化，多用于疑问句和否定句中。
肯定句中用must／have to／ought to／should.You needn’t explain.Need I take money? Yes, you must.／No, you needn’t.作为实义动词时有人称和数的变化，后面要跟带to的不定式。
I need to go to Beijing this Sunday to attend a book fair.Do I need to leave my telephone number and address?⑵needn’t have done 表示本没有必要做某事。
I needn’t have bought so much wine——only three people came.5. Dare表示“敢”，作为情态动词时没有人称和数的变化，多用于疑问句和否定句中。
过去式为dared.How dare you say “I’m not fair”?I daren’t stay at home alone at night.You will be punished if you dare break the rule.作为实义动词时有人称和数的变化，后面要跟带to的不定式。
This student doesn’t dare to raise questions in class.Do you dare to drive a car on such a crowed street?I dare to swim in the river.6. Shall⑴用于第一、三人称疑问句中表示征求意见或请求。
Shall we put off the sports meet until next month?Henry is waiting outside. Shall he come in now?⑵用于二、三人称陈述句中表示说话人的命令、警告、威胁、决心或许诺等感情色彩。
You shall get an answer tomorrow.If you do something wrong, you shall be punished.Nothing shall stop me.7. Should⑴作为shall的过去式用于第一、三人称疑问句中表示征求意见或请求。
Mr. Li asked if he should get his permit tomorrow.⑵表示义务职责或是给别人提出建议“应该”。
相当于ought to，但没有ought to 语气强烈。
ought to否定形式为ought not to或oughtn’t to, 其一般疑问形式要将ought 放在主语前。
I think today’s children should learn to respect their elders.You ought to apologize to Joan.⑶表示说话人的感情色彩，如惊奇、愤怒、失望等。
“竟然”I’m surprised they should refuse our invitation.⑷表示很大的可能性，“应该”。
They should arrive now.⑸should have done 本应该做某事You should have invited me to your wedding, but you for got.8. Will／Would⑴表示请求，would语气更加委婉。
Will you come this way, please?Would you open the window, please?⑵表示意志、愿望、决心。
I won’t do that again.He said he would fight against AIDS.⑶will 表示习惯性动作“总是”“惯于”；would表示过去经常习惯做同used to, used to的否定和疑问形式都有两种，分别借助于did和used。
Fish will die out of water.The old man is strange. He will sit for hours without saying anything. You will regret if you lose such a good chance.After dinner, he would sit around Grandpa, listening to his stories.He used to be careless.／He usedn’t to be careless. ／He didn’t use to be so careless.9. had better (not) do sth ／had better have done最好做…／最好做了…You’d better have a try.You’d better have started earlier.10. would rather (not) do sth／would rather have done宁愿…／宁愿做了…I’d rather have refused his offer.。