大兴一模试题及答案

合集下载

2023年北京市大兴区中考一模语文试题(含答案解析)

2023年北京市大兴区中考一模语文试题(含答案解析)

2023年北京市大兴区中考一模语文试题学校:___________姓名:___________班级:___________考号:___________二、句子默写三、诗歌鉴赏阅读《渔家傲·秋思》,完成下面小题。

渔家傲·秋思范仲淹塞下秋来风景异,衡阳雁去无留意。

四面边声连角起,千嶂里,长烟落日孤城闭。

五、名著阅读13.开卷有益,有的书唤醒人格的独立,有的书洋溢着对生命的尊重,有的书闪耀着理想的光芒,有的书传承革命的精神……请从下列名著中任选一本....,结合内容,谈谈这本书带给你的启迪。

(100字左右)备选名著:《简·爱》《昆虫记》《钢铁是怎样炼成的》《红星照耀中国》六、现代文阅读图1我国局部地区人均水资源情况统计图(数据源于网络)材料二《条例》对全市生产生活用水进行了全方面的规划。

该条例紧扣首都超大城市市情、水情,完善了覆盖取供用排全过程的节水治理体系,对工业、农业、园林绿化等各领域节水作出要求,健全了最严格的水资源管理制度。

《条例》明确指出,再生水输配管网覆盖范围内的用水户,符合下列情形之一的,应当使用再生水:(一)园林绿化、环境卫生、建筑施工等行业用水;(二)冷却用水、洗涤用水、工艺用水等工业生产用水;(三)公共区域、住宅小区和单位内部的景观用水;(四)降尘、道路清扫、车辆冲洗等其他市政杂用水。

具备再生水利用条件的非居民用水户,水务部门应当将再生水用量纳入其用水指标,同步合理减少其地下水、自来水的用水指标。

材料三《条例》强化了针对浪费水资源行为的处罚力度。

以往有市民违规使用园林绿化用水,但没有处罚依据。

《条例》对这种情形进行了明确规定,从园林绿化、环境卫生、消防等公共用水设施非法用水的,由水务部门责令停止违法行为,对单位处一万元以上十万元以下罚款,对个人处一千元以上一万元以下罚款。

《条例》还明确,对破坏或者损坏供水管网、雨水管网、污水管网、再生水管网及其附属设施的,由水务部门责令改正,恢复原状或者采取其他补救措施,处十万元以下罚款;造成严重后果的,处十万元以上三十万元以下罚款;造成损失的,依法承担赔偿责任;构成犯罪的,依法追究刑事责任。

2024北京大兴区初三一模历史试卷和答案

2024北京大兴区初三一模历史试卷和答案

2024北京大兴初三一模历 史2024.04考生须知1.本试卷共8页,共两部分,24道小题。

满分70分。

考试时间70分钟。

2.在试卷和答题卡上准确填写学校名称、班级、姓名和准考证号。

3.试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效。

4.在答题卡上,选择题用2B铅笔作答,其他题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。

第一部分选择题(共30分)本部分共20题,每题1.5分,共30分。

在每小题列出的四个选项中,选出最符合题目要求的一项。

1.距今10000年左右,我国出现了最早的人工栽培水稻。

右图中最早种植水稻的遗址是A.①B.②C.③D.④2.西周初年,统治者在全国各个要害地方建立诸侯国。

太行山东向八条通道的东边封燕国,泰山南边封鲁国,泰山北边封齐国。

此举的主要目的是A.发展生产B.巩固疆土C.传播文化D.建立县制3.下列文献史料可用于研究的主题是●法度衡石丈尺。

车同轨。

书同文字。

——《史记》●诸不在六艺之科、孔子之术者,皆绝其道。

——《汉书》A.早期人类与文明起源B.早期国家与社会变革C.统一多民族国家的建立与巩固D.政权分立与民族交融4.三国两晋南北朝时期,在分立中孕育着新的统一。

下列有助于此时期孕育新统一的史事有①蜀汉开发西南地区②西晋八王之乱③北魏统治者推行汉化措施④江南地区得到开发A.①③④B.②③④C.①②④D.①②③5.右图陶俑,表现的是唐代一女子身着紧身服参与马球比赛时策马击球的场景。

这一文物可用于研究唐朝A.不断改进的农业生产B.开放包容的社会风气C.布局严整的国际都会D.不断革新的政治措施6.有学者依据历史资料估算唐朝中期至南宋末年,长江下游的人口增长率为643%,长江中游为483%,闽浙地区更是高达695%,而华北人口在同时期内的增长只有52%。

这反映出A.北朝多个政权并立B.对外交往日益活跃C.各民族交融范围广D.经济重心逐步南移7.下列水下考古发现,说明宋元时期A.社会生活丰富B.重文轻武盛行C.文学艺术兴盛D.海外贸易兴盛8.清朝疆域形成始自辽东建州的女真,后到拥有明朝版图和满洲、西藏、台湾、蒙古、新疆等地区。

2024北京大兴区初三一模数学试卷和答案

2024北京大兴区初三一模数学试卷和答案

2024北京大兴初三一模数 学考生须知:1.本试卷共6页,共28道题.满分100分.考试时间120分钟.2.在试卷和答题卡上准确填写姓名、准考证号、考场号和座位号.3.试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效.4.在答题卡上,选择题、作图题用2B 铅笔作答,其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答.5.考试结束,将本试卷、答题卡和草稿纸一并交回.一、选择题(共16分,每题2分)第1-8题均有四个选项,符合题意的选项只有一个.1. 下面几何体中,是圆锥的为( )A. B. C. D.2. 2024年是京津冀协同发展十周年,高标准建设雄安新区成效显著.从新区设立至2023年底,累计开发面积184平方公里,4017栋楼宇拔地而起,总建筑面积4370万平方米.将43700000用科学记数法表示应为( )A. 643.710⨯B. 74.3710⨯C. 84.3710⨯D. 90.43710⨯3. 五边形的内角和为( )A. 180︒B. 360︒C. 540︒D. 720︒4. 如图,直线AB ,CD 相交于点O ,OE AB ⊥,若30AOC ∠=︒,则EOD ∠的大小为( )A. 30︒B. 60︒C. 120︒D. 150︒5. 实数a ,b ,c 在数轴上的对应点的位置如图所示,下列结论中正确的是( )A. 0b c ->B. 0ac >C. 0b c +<D. 1ab <6. 不透明的盒子中装有3个小球,每个小球上面写着一个汉字分别是“向”、“前”、“冲”,这3个小球除汉字外无其他差别,从中随机摸出一个小球,记录其汉字,放回并摇匀,再从中随机摸出一个小球,记录其汉字,则两次都摸到“冲”字的概率是( )A. 23 B. 13 C. 16 D. 197. 若关于x 的一元二次方程220x x m +-=有两个不相等的实数根,则实数m 的取值范围是( )A. 1m >-B. 1m ≥-C. 1m >D. m 1≥8. 如图,在ABC 中,90BAC ∠=︒,AD BC ⊥于点D ,设BD a =,DC b =,AD c =,给出下面三个结论:①2c ab =;②2a b c +≥;③若a b >,则a c >.上述结论中,所有正确结论的序号是( )A.①②B. ①③C. ②③D. ①②③二、填空题(共16分,每题2分)9. 在实数范围内有意义,则实数x 的取值范围是______.10.分解因式:24ab a -=_______.11. 方程1341x x =-的解为______.12. 在平面直角坐标系xOy 中,若点(5,2)A 和(,2)B m -在反比例函数(0)k y k x=≠的图象上,则m 的值为______.13. 如图,AB 是O 的直径,点C ,D 在O 上,若AC BC =,则D ∠的度数为______︒.14. 如图,在矩形ABCD 中,AC 与BD 相交于点O ,OE BC ⊥于点E .若4AC =,30DBC ∠=︒,则OE 的长为______.15. 某年级为了解学生对“足球”“篮球”“排球”“乒乓球”“羽毛球”五类体育项目的喜爱情况,现从中随机抽取了100名学生进行问卷调查,根据数据绘制了如图所示的统计图.若该年级有800名学生,估计该年级喜爱“篮球”项目的学生有______人.16. 某公园门票价格如下表:某学校组织摄影、美术两个社团的学生游览该公园,两社团的人数分别为a 和()b a b >.若两社团分别以各自社团为单位购票,共需1560元;若两社团作为一个团体合在一起购票,共需1170元,那么这两个社团的人数为=a ______,b =______.购票人数1~4041~8080以上门票价格20元/人16元/人13元/人三、解答题(共68分,第17-20题,每题5分,第21题6分,第22-23题,每题5分,第24-26题,每题6分,第27-28题,每题7分)解答应写出文字说明、演算步骤或证明过程.17. 计算:0|3|(2024)2cos 45π-+++-︒18. 解不等式组:4125213x x x x -≥+⎧⎪-⎨<⎪⎩19. 已知2310a a +-=,求代数式2(1)(4)2a a a +++-的值.20. 某学校开展“浸书香校园,品诗词之美”读书活动.现有A ,B 两种诗词书籍整齐地叠放在桌子上,每本A 书籍和每本B 书籍厚度的比为5:6,根据图中所给出的数据信息,求每本A 书籍的厚度.21. 如图,在正方形ABCD 中,点E ,F 分别在BC ,AD 上,BEDF =,连接CF ,射线AE 和线段DC 的延长线交于点G .(1)求证:四边形AECF 是平行四边形;(2)若2tan 3BAE ∠=,9DG =,求线段CE 的长.22. 种子被称作农业的“芯片”,粮安天下,种子为基.农科院计划为某地区选择合适的甜玉米种子,随机抽取20块自然条件相同的试验田进行试验,得到各试验田每公顷产量(单位:t ),并对数据(每公顷产量)进行了整理、描述和分析,下面给出了部分信息:a .20块试验田每公顷产量的频数分布表如下:每公顷产量(t)频数7.407.45x ≤<37.457.50x ≤<27.507.55x ≤<m 7.557.60x ≤<67.607.65x ≤≤5b .试验田每公顷产量在7.557.60x ≤<这一组的是:7.55 7.55 7.57 7.58 7.59 7.59c . 20 块试验田每公顷产量的统计图如下:(1)写出表中m 的值;(2)随机抽取的这20块试验田每公顷产量的中位数为______.(3)下列推断合理的是______(填序号);①20块试验田的每公顷产量数据中,每公顷产量低于7.50t 的试验田数量占试验田总数的25%;②3号试验田每公顷产量在20块试验田的每公顷产量数据中从高到低排第5名.(4)1~10号试验田使用的是甲种种子,11~20号试验田使用的是乙种种子,已知甲、乙两种种子的每公顷产量的平均数分别为7.537t 及7.545t ,若某种种子在各试验田每公顷产量的10个数据的方差越小,则认为这种种子的产量越稳定.据此推断:甲、乙两种种子中,这个地区比较适合种植的种子是______(填“甲”或“乙”).23. 在平面直角坐标系xOy 中,函数(0)y kx b k =+≠的图象经过点(1,3)A 和(1,1)B --,与过点(2,0)-且平行于y 轴的直线交于点C .(1)求该函数的表达式及点C 的坐标;(2)当2x <-时,对于x 的每一个值,函数(0)y nx n =≠的值大于函数(0)y kx b k =+≠的值且小于2-,直接写出n 的取值范围.24. 某洒水车为绿化带浇水,图1是洒水车喷水区域的截面图,其上、下边缘都可以看作是抛物线的一部分,下边缘抛物线是由上边缘抛物线向左平移得到的.喷水口H 距地面的竖直高度OH 为1.5m ,喷水区域的上、下边缘与地面交于A ,B 两点,上边缘抛物线的最高点C 恰好在点B 的正上方,已知6m OA =,2m OB =,2m CB =.建立如图2所示的平面直角坐标系.(1)在①21(2)28y x =-++,②21(2)28y x =--+两个表达式中,洒水车喷出水的上边缘抛物线的表达式为______,下边缘抛物线的表达式为______(把表达式的序号填在对应横线上);(2)如图3,洒水车沿着平行于绿化带的公路行驶,绿化带的横截面可以看作矩形DEFG ,水平宽度3m DE =,竖直高度0.5m DG =.如图4,OD 为喷水口距绿化带底部的最近水平距离(单位:m ).若矩形DEFG 在喷水区域内,则称洒水车能浇灌到整个绿化带.①当 2.6m OD =时,判断洒水车能否浇灌到整个绿化带,并说明理由;②若洒水车能浇灌到整个绿化带,则OD 的取值范围是______.25. 如图,过O 外一点A 作O 的切线,切点为点B ,BC 为O 的直径,点D 为O 上一点,且BD BA =,连接CD ,AD ,线段AD 交直径BC 于点E ,交O 于点F ,连接BF .(1)求证:EF BF =;(2)若1sin 3A =,25OE =,求O 半径的长.26. 在平面直角坐标系xOy 中,()11,M x y ,()22,N x y 是抛物线2(0)y ax bx c a =++<上任意两点.设抛物线的对称轴为直线x t =.(1)若22x =,2y c =,求t 的值;(2)若对于112t x t +<<+,245x <<,都有12y y >,求t 的取值范围.27. 在ABC 中,AC BC =,90ACB ∠=︒,点D 是线段AB 上一个动点(不与点A ,B 重合),()045ACD αα∠=<<︒,以D 为中心,将线段DC 顺时针旋转90︒得到线段DE ,连接EB .(1)依题意补全图形;(2)求EDB ∠的大小(用含α的代数式表示);(3)用等式表示线段BE ,BC ,AD 之间的数量关系,并证明.28. 在平面直角坐标系xOy 中,已知点(,0)T t ,T e 的半径为1,过T e 外一点P 作两条射线,一条是T e 的切线,另一条经过点T ,若这两条射线的夹角大于或等于45︒,则称点P 为T e 的“伴随点”.(1)当0=t 时,①在1(1,0)P ,2P ,3(1,1)P -,4(1,2)P -中,T e 的“伴随点”是______.②若直线12y x b =+上有且只有一个T e 的“伴随点”,求b 的值;(2)已知正方形EFGH 的对角线的交点(0,)M t ,点11,22E t ⎛⎫-+ ⎪⎝⎭,若正方形上存在T e 的“伴随点”,直接写出t 的取值范围.参考答案一、选择题(共16分,每题2分)第1-8题均有四个选项,符合题意的选项只有一个.1. 【答案】D【分析】本题考查了常见几何体的识别,观察所给几何体,可以直接得出答案.【详解】解:A 选项为正方体,不合题意;B 选项为球,不符合题意;C 选项为五棱锥,不合题意;D 选项为圆锥,符合题意.故选:D .2. 【答案】B【分析】本题考查科学记数法,科学记数法的表示形式为 10n a ⨯ 的形式,其中 110a ≤<,n 为整数(确定 n 的值时,要看把原数变成 a 时,小数点移动了多少位).【详解】解:43700000=74.3710⨯,故选:B .3. 【答案】C【分析】本题考查了n 边形内角和公式,熟练记忆公式是解题的关键.代入公式即可求解.【详解】解:五边形的内角和为()52180540-⨯︒=︒,故选:C .4. 【答案】B【分析】本题主要考查的是对顶角的性质和垂线,依据垂线的定义可求得90EOB ∠=︒,然后依据对顶角的性质可求得BOD ∠的度数,最后依据EOD EOB DOB ∠=∠-∠求解即可.【详解】解:∵OE AB ⊥,∴90EOB ∠=︒.∵30DOB AOC ∠=∠=︒,∴903060EOD EOB DOB ∠=∠-∠=︒-︒=︒.故选:B .5. 【答案】C【分析】本题考查了根据点在数轴的位置判断式子的正负.熟练掌握根据点在数轴的位置判断式子的正负是解题的关键.由数轴可知,32101a b c -<<-<<-<<<,则0b c -<,0ac <,0b c +<,1ab >,然后判断作答即可.【详解】解:由数轴可知,32101a b c -<<-<<-<<<,∴0b c -<,0ac <,0b c +<,1ab >,∴A 、B 、D 错误,故不符合要求;C 正确,故符合要求;故选:C .6. 【答案】D【分析】本题考查的是列表法或画树状图求解概率,根据题意列出表格即可求解.【详解】解:根据题意列表如下:向前冲向向,向前,向冲,向前向,前前,前前,冲冲向,冲前,冲冲,冲共有9种等可能得情况,其中两次都摸到“冲”字的情况有1种,则两次都摸到“冲”字的概率是:19,故选:D .7. 【答案】A【分析】本题考查了根的判别式:一元二次方程()200ax bx c a ++=≠的根与24b ac ∆=-有如下关系:当0∆>时,方程有两个不相等的实数根;当Δ0=时,方程有两个相等的实数根;当Δ0<时,方程无实数根.根据判别式的意义得到()22410m ∆=-⨯⨯->,然后求出不等式的解集即可.【详解】解:根据题意得()22410m ∆=-⨯⨯->,解得1m >-.故选:A .8. 【答案】D【分析】由90BAC ∠=︒,AD BC ⊥,得到ABD CAD ∽△△,BD AD AD DC =,将BD a =,DC b =,AD c =代入,即可判断①正确,由()2222a b a b ab -=+-,()2222a b a b ab +=++,将2c ab =代入,整理后即可判断②正确,将2c b a=,代入a b >,即可判断③正确,本题考查了,相似三角形的性质与判定,完全平方公式的应用,解不等式,解题的关键是:熟练掌握完全平方公式的变形及应用.【详解】解:∵90BAC ∠=︒,AD BC ⊥,∴90BAD CAD ∠+∠=︒,90BAD ABD ∠+∠=︒,90BAD ADC ∠=∠=︒,∴CAD ABD ∠=∠,∴ABD CAD ∽△△,∴BD AD AD DC=即:a c c b =,整理得:2c ab =,故①正确,∵()2222a b a b ab -=+-,即:()2222a b a b ab +=-+, ∴()()()222222244a b a b ab a b ab a b c +=++=-+=-+,∵()20a b -≥,∴()224a b c +≥,∵0a >、0b >、0c >,∴2a b c +≥,故②正确,∵a b >,2c b a=,∴2c a a>,∵0a >,∴22a c >,∴a c >,故③正确,综上所述,①②③正确,故选:D .二、填空题(共16分,每题2分)9. 【答案】3x ≥【分析】此题主要考查了分式有意义及二次根式有意义的条件,正确掌握相关定义是解题关键.由分式有意义及二次根式有意义的条件,进而得出x 的取值范围.【详解】由二次根式的概念,可知30x -≥,解得3x ≥.故答案为:3x ≥10. 【答案】()()22a b b +-.【分析】要将一个多项式分解因式的一般步骤是首先看各项有没有公因式,若有公因式,则把它提取出来,之后再观察是否是完全平方公式或平方差公式,若是就考虑用公式法继续分解因式.因此,先提取公因式a 后继续应用平方差公式分解即可【详解】解:()()()224422a a a a b b b b -=-=+-,故答案为:()()22a b b +-.11. 【答案】1x =【分析】本题考查了解分式方程,先将分式方程化为一元一次方程,再解一元一次方程,最后检验即可求解,注意分式的方程需要检验是解题的关键.【详解】解:1341x x =-∴413x x -=,解得:1x =,经检验,1x =是原分式方程的解,∴1x =,故答案为:1x =.12. 【答案】5-【分析】本题考查了反比例函数图象上点的坐标特征,先把(5,2)A 代入(0)k y k x=≠求出10,k =再把(,2)B m -代入10y x=,求出5m =-.【详解】解:把(5,2)A 代入(0)k y k x =≠得:25k =,解得,10,k =∴反比例函数解析式为10y x =,把(,2)B m -代入10y x =,得:102m-=,解得,5m =-,故答案为:5-13. 【答案】45【分析】本题主要考查了圆周角定理,先由直径所对的圆周角为90︒,可得90ACB ∠=︒,然后由AC BC =得:45CAB CBA ∠=∠=︒,然后根据同弧所对的圆周角相等,即可求出D ∠的度数.【详解】解:∵AB 是O 的直径,∴90ACB ∠=︒,∵AC BC =,∴45CAB CBA ∠=∠=︒,∴45D CAB ∠=∠=︒.故答案为:4514. 【答案】1【分析】本题考查矩形的性质,等腰三角形的判定和性质,解直角三角形,根据矩形的性质,得到OB OC =,根据三线合一结合30度角的直角三角形的性质,求解即可.【详解】解:∵矩形ABCD ,∴OB OC =,90BCD ∠=︒,4BD AC ==,∵30DBC ∠=︒,∴122CD BD ==,∴BC =,∵OB OC =,OE BC ⊥,∴12BE BC ==,∴tan 301OE BE =⋅︒==;故答案为:1.15. 【答案】240【分析】本题主要考查了样本估计总体.用800乘以喜爱“篮球”项目所占的百分比,即可.【详解】解:30800240100⨯=人,即该年级喜爱“篮球”项目的学生有240人.故答案为:24016. 【答案】 ①. 60 ②. 30【分析】本题考查了二元一次方程组的应用,由两次门票费用,列出方程组,可求解.【详解】解:∵1170不能整除16,∴两个部门的人数81a b +≥,又1560不能整除16,∴每个部门的人数不可能同时在41~80之间,由于a b >,所以,当140,4180b a ≤≤≤≤,则有:()20161560131170b a a b +=⎧⎨+=⎩解得,6030a b =⎧⎨=⎩故答案为:60,30.三、解答题(共68分,第17-20题,每题5分,第21题6分,第22-23题,每题5分,第24-26题,每题6分,第27-28题,每题7分)解答应写出文字说明、演算步骤或证明过程.17. 【答案】4+【分析】本题考查了实数的混合运算,掌握相关运算法则是解题关键.先计算绝对值、零指数幂、二次根式、特殊角的三角函数值,再计算加减法即可.【详解】解:0|3|(2024)2cos 45π-+++-︒312=++-⨯31=++-4=.18. 【答案】3x ≥【分析】本题主要考查了解一元一次不等式组,先求出每个不等式的解集,再根据 “同大取大,同小取小,大小小大中间找,大大小小找不到(无解)”求出不等式组的解集即可.【详解】解:4125213x x x x -≥+⎧⎪⎨-<⎪⎩①②解不等式①,得3x ≥.解不等式②,得1x >-.∴不等式组的解集为3x ≥.19. 【答案】1【分析】本题考查整式的混合运算、代数式求值,熟练掌握运算法则是解答的关键.先根据整式的混合运算法则结合完全平方公式化简原式,再将已知化为2262a a +=代入求解即可.【详解】解:2(1)(4)2a a a +++-222142a a a a =++++-2261a a =+-.2310a a +-= ,231a a ∴+=.2262a a ∴+=.∴原式2261a a =+-21=-1=.20. 【答案】每本A 书籍厚度为1cm【分析】本题主要考查了二元一次方程的应用,设每本A 书籍厚度为cm x ,桌子高度为cm y ,根据等量关系,列出方程组,解方程组即可.【详解】解:设每本A 书籍厚度为cm x ,桌子高度为cm y ,由题意可得:37965825x y x y +=⎧⎪⎨⨯+=⎪⎩,解得176x y =⎧⎨=⎩,答:每本A 书籍厚度为1cm .21. 【答案】(1)见解析 (2)2CE =【分析】本题考查了平行四边形的判定,正方形的性质,正切的定义;(1)根据正方形的性质得出AD BC ∥,AD BC =.根据题意得出AF CE =,即可得证;(2)根据正方形的性质得出2tan tan 3BAE G ∠==,在Rt ADG 中,得出6CD =则3CG =,根据2tan 3CEG CG ==,即可求解.【小问1详解】证明: 四边形ABCD 是正方形,∴AD BC ∥,AD BC =.BE FD =,∴AD FD BC BE -=-.即AF CE =.又 AF CE ∥,∴四边形AECF 是平行四边形.【小问2详解】解: 四边形ABCD 是正方形,∴AD BC ∥,90BCD D ∠=∠=︒,AD CD =.∴BAE G ∠=∠,90ECG ∠=︒,∴2tan tan 3BAE G ∠==.在Rt ADG 中, 2tan 3ADG DG ==,9DG =,∴6AD =.∴6CD =.∴3CG =.在Rt ECG 中, 2tan 3CEG CG ==,∴2CE =.22. 【答案】(1)4 (2)7.55(3)① (4)乙【分析】本题考查了频数分布表,求中位数,根据方差判断稳定性:(1)运用频数总数减去已知频数即可得出m ;(2)根据中位数的定义可求解;(3)从统计图中可得每公顷产量低于7.50t 的试验田数量有5块,可判断①;3号试验田每公顷产量在20块试验田的每公顷产量数据中从高到低排第4名可判断②.(4)根据图象判断稳定性即可得出结果.【小问1详解】解:2032654m =----=【小问2详解】解:随机抽取的这20块试验田每公顷产量的中位数是7.557.60x ≤<这一组的第1个和第2个数据,即:7.55和7.55,故中位数为:7.557.557.552+=,故答案为:7.55;【小问3详解】解:20块试验田的每公顷产量数据中,每公顷产量低于7.50t 的试验田数量有5块,所以,占试验田总数的百分数为510025%20⨯=,故①正确;3号试验田每公顷产量在20块试验田的每公顷产量数据中从高到低排第4名,故②错误,故答案为:①【小问4详解】解:从20 块试验田每公顷产量的统计图中可看出甲种种子每公顷产量波动大,乙种种子每公顷产量波动小,据此推断:甲、乙两种种子中,这个地区比较适合种植的种子是乙;故答案为:乙23. 【答案】(1)21y x =+;(2,3)--(2)312n ≤≤【分析】本题考查待定系数法求一次函数解析式,一次函数图象及性质,用数形结合思想考虑本题是解答本题的关键.(1)将两点代入函数解析式中即可求得函数解析式,再将2x =-代入解析式即可求出点C 坐标;(2)根据题意将(2,2)--代入(0)y nx n =≠求出n 的最小值,再根据题意将C 代入求出n 的最大值,即为本题答案.【小问1详解】解:∵函数(0)y kx b k =+≠的图象经过点(1,3)A 和(1,1)B --,∴将点(1,3)A 和(1,1)B --代入(0)y kx b k =+≠中,31k b k b +=⎧⎨-+=-⎩,解得:21k b =⎧⎨=⎩,∴该函数的表达式为:21y x =+,∵与过点(2,0)-且平行于y 轴的直线交于点C ,∴将2x =-代入21y x =+中,得=3y -,∴(2,3)C --;【小问2详解】解:∵当2x <-时,对于x 的每一个值,函数(0)y nx n =≠的值大于函数(0)y kx b k =+≠的值且小于2-,,通过图象可知,当(0)y nx n =≠的函数值小于2-时,即将(2,2)--H 代入(0)y nx n =≠中,1n =,当(0)y nx n =≠的函数值大于函数(0)y kx b k =+≠的值将(2,3)C --代入(0)y nx n =≠中,32n =,∴n 的取值范围为:312n ≤≤.24. 【答案】(1)②,① (2)①不能;理由见解析;②21OD ≤≤-【分析】本题考查了二次函数的实际应用,(1)由题意可知:顶点坐标()2,2C ,()0,1.5H ,利用待定系数法即可求出函数解析式为:()21228y x =--+,利用()0,1.5H 关于对称轴2x =的对称点为:()4,1.5,可知下边缘抛物线是由上边缘抛物线向左平移4个单位得到,求出下边缘抛物线为:()21228=-++y x ;(2)①根据 2.6m OD =,将 5.6x =代入上边缘抛物线的函数解析式得出0.380.5y =<,即可求解;②当点B 和点D 重合时,d 有最小值,此时2d =;当上边缘抛物线过点F 时,d 有最大值,231=+-=-d ;所以21d ≤≤-.【小问1详解】解:由题意可知:()2,2C ,故设上边缘抛物线的函数解析式为:()222y a x =-+,∵()0,1.5H ,将其代入()222y a x =-+可得:()21.5022=-+a ,解得:18a =-,∴上边缘抛物线的函数解析式为:()21228y x =--+,解:∵()0,1.5H 关于对称轴2x =的对称点为:()4,1.5,∴下边缘抛物线是由上边缘抛物线向左平移4个单位得到,∴下边缘抛物线为:()21228=-++y x ,故答案为:②,①.【小问2详解】①不能,理由如下,依题意, 2.63 5.6OE =+=将 5.6x =代入上边缘抛物线的函数解析式()21228y x =--+得()215.6220.380.58y =--+=<∴绿化带不全在喷头口的喷水区域内,∴洒水车不能浇灌到整个绿化带;②解:设灌溉车到绿化带的距离OD 为d ,要使灌溉车行驶时喷出的水能浇灌到整个绿化带,则当点B 和点D 重合时,d 有最小值,此时2d =;当上边缘抛物线过点F 时,d 有最大值,3m DE =,0.5m EF =.∴令()21220.58=--+=y x ,解得:2x =+2x =-,结合图像可知:()2+Fd ∴的最大值为:231=+-=-d ;∴21d ≤≤-.故答案为:21OD ≤≤-.25. 【答案】(1)证明见解析(2)92【分析】(1)由切线的定义可得出90A AEB ∠+∠=︒,由直径所对的圆周角等于90︒得出90CDE BDE ∠+∠=︒,由等边对等角得出BDA A ∠=∠,等量代换得出CDE AEB ∠=∠,由同弧所对的圆周角相等得出C D E C B F ∠=∠, 进而可得出AEB CBF ∠=∠ ,由等角对等边得出EF BF =.(2)连接CF ,先证明==AF BF EF ,设BF EF AF x ===,则2AE x =,解直角三角形Rt ABE 得出23BE x =,再证明BCF A ∠=∠,得出1sin sin 3A BCF =∠=,进一步得出22()BC OB OE BE ==+,即523223x x ⎛⎫=+ ⎪⎝⎭,解出x 即可求解.【小问1详解】证明: AB 为O 的切线,∴90OBA ∠=︒.∴90A AEB ∠+∠=︒.BC 为O 的直径,∴90CDB ∠=︒.∴90CDE BDE ∠+∠=︒.BD BA =,∴BDA A ∠=∠.∴CDE AEB ∠=∠.又CDE CBF ∠=∠ ,AEB CBF ∴∠=∠.EF BF ∴=.【小问2详解】连接CF .AB 为O 的切线,∴90OBA ∠=︒.∴90AEB A ∠+∠=︒,90EBF FBA ∠+∠=︒.AEB CBF ∠=∠,∴FBA A ∠=∠.∴AF BF =.∴==AF BF EF .设BF EF AF x ===,则2AE x =.在Rt ABE 中, 1sin 3A =,2AE x =,∴23BE x =.BC 为直径,∴90CFB ∠=︒.BCF BDA ∠=∠,BDA A ∠=∠,∴BCF A ∠=∠.∴1sin sin 3A BCF =∠=.在Rt BFC △中,BF x =,∴3BC x =.22()BC OB OE BE ==+,∴523223x x ⎛⎫=+⎪⎝⎭.解得3x =.∴92OB =.∴O 半径的长为92.【点睛】本题主要考查了切线的定义,直径所对的圆周角等于90︒,同弧所对的圆周角相等,解直角三角形的相关计算,等角对等边等知识,掌握这些性质是解题的关键.26. 【答案】(1)1t =(2)2t ≤或7t ≥【分析】本题主要考查了二次函数的图象和性质等知识,(1)将22x =,2y c =代入解析式,得出2b a =-即可得解;(2)分①当点N 在对称轴上或对称轴右侧时,②当点N 在对称轴上或对称轴左侧时两种情况讨论组成不等式组即可得解;解题的关键是理解题意,灵活运用所学知识解决问题.【小问1详解】22x =,2y c =,42a b c c ∴++=,2b a ∴=-,12bt a ∴=-=,【小问2详解】2(0)y ax bx c a =++<,∴抛物线开口向下,抛物线的对称轴为x t =,112t x t +<<+,∴点M 在对称轴的右侧,①当点N 在对称轴上或对称轴右侧时,抛物线开口向下,∴在对称轴右侧,y 随x 的增大而减小.由12y y >,∴12x x <,∴4,24t t ≤⎧⎨+≤⎩,解得42t t ≤⎧⎨≤⎩,∴2t ≤,②当点N 在对称轴上或对称轴左侧时,设抛物线上的点()22,N x y 关于x t =的对称点为()2,N d y ',2t x d t ∴-=-,解得22d t x =-,∴()222,N t x y '-,245x <<,∴225224t t x t -<-<-,在对称轴右侧,y 随x 的增大而减小,由12y y >,∴122x t x <-,∴5225t t t ≥⎧⎨+≤-⎩,解得57t t ≥⎧⎨≥⎩,∴7t ≥,综上所述,t 的取值范围是2t ≤或7t ≥.27. 【答案】(1)补全图形见解析(2)45α︒-(3)BC BE =+;证明见解析【分析】本题主要考查旋转的性质,全等三角形的性质与判定,三角形外角的性质,勾股定理等:(1)根据题目叙述作图即可;(2)由三角形外角性质得45CDB A ACD α∠=∠+∠=︒+,根据90CDE ∠=︒可得结论; (3)过点D 作DM AB ⊥,交AC 于点F ,交BC 的延长线于点M .证明DCM DEB △≌△,得出CM BE =,再证明CF CM =,CF BE =,在Rt FAD △中,由勾股定理得出AF =,得出AC FC =+,由CF BE =,BC AC =可得出结论【小问1详解】补全图形如下:【小问2详解】解: AC BC =,90ACB ∠=︒,∴45A ABC ∠=∠=︒.∴45CDB A ACD α∠=∠+∠=︒+.90CDE ∠=︒,∴45EDB CDE CDB α∠=∠-∠=︒-.【小问3详解】解:用等式表示线段BE ,BC ,AD 之间的数量关系是BC BE =+.证明:过点D 作DM AB ⊥,交AC 于点F ,交BC 的延长线于点M .90MDB CDE ∠=∠=︒,∴CDM EDB ∠=∠.45MBD ∠=︒,∴45M MBD ∠=∠=︒.∴DM DB =.又 DC DE =,∴DCM DEB △≌△.∴CM BE =.45M ∠=︒,90ACB ∠=︒,∴45CFM M ∠=∠=︒.∴CF CM =.∴CF BE =.在Rt FAD △中,45A ∠=︒,∴45AFD A ∠=∠=︒,∴,AD FD =AF ∴==.AC AF FC =+ ,AC FC ∴=+.CF BE = ,BC AC =,BC BE ∴=+.28. 【答案】(1)①2P ,3P ;②b =(232t <≤或32t -≤<【分析】(1)①设射线PM 与T e 相切于点M ,连接TM ,根据题目中的定义得出1PT <≤,分别求出四个点与()0,0T 间的距离,然后进行判断即可;②根据直线12y x b =+上有且只有一个T e 的“伴随点”,得出直线12y x b =+与以()0,0T为半径的圆相切,设直线12y x b =+与x 轴,y 轴分别交于点A 、B ,与以()0,0T 为半径的圆相切于点C ,连接TC ,求出BT ===,得出b =,即可求出结果;(2)分两种情况进行讨论:当0t >时,当0t <时,分别画出图形,列出不等式组,解不等式组即可.【小问1详解】解:①如图1,设射线PM 与T e 相切于点M ,连接TM ,∴TM PM ⊥,当45P ∠=︒时,PTM △为等腰直角三角形,∴1PM TM ==,PT ===,∴当点P 在T e 外,45P ≥︒∠时,1PT <≤,当0=t 时,点()0,0T ,∵11PT =,2PT =,3PT ==4PT ==>∴在1(1,0)P ,2P ,3(1,1)P -,4(1,2)P -中,T e 的“伴随点”是2P ,3P ;故答案为:2P ,3P②∵当点P 在T e 外,45P ≥︒∠时,1PT <≤∴点P 在以T 为半径的圆上或圆内且在以1为半径的圆外,如图2:∵直线12y x b =+上有且只有一个T e 的“伴随点”,∴直线12y x b =+与以()0,0T 为圆心,为半径的圆相切,∴0b ≠,设直线12y x b =+与x 轴,y 轴分别交于点A 、B ,与以()0,0T 为半径的圆相切于点C ,连接TC ,∴TC AB ⊥,令0x =,y b =,令0y =,2x b =-,∴()2,0A b -,()0,B b ,∴2AT b =-,BT b =,在Rt ATB △中,1tan 122bBTAT b ∠===-,1290∠+∠=︒,∵TC AB ⊥,∴2390∠+∠=︒,∴13∠=∠,∴1312tan tan ==∠∠,在Rt TCB 中132tan BC CT ===∠,∴BC =∴BT ===,∴b =∴b =;【小问2详解】解:∵正方形EFGH 的对角线的交点(0,)M t ,点11,22E t ⎛⎫-+ ⎪⎝⎭,∴点11,22G t ⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭,11,22F t ⎛⎫+ ⎪⎝⎭,11,22H t ⎛⎫-- ⎪⎝⎭,当0t >时,如图所示:此时正方形EFGH 上的点到圆心T 的最大距离为ET ,最小距离为GT ,∵正方形上存在T e 的“伴随点”,且点P 在以T为圆心,以为半径的圆上或圆内且在以1为半径的圆外,∴1ET >,GT ≤,∵12ET t ⎫==+⎪⎭,12GT ==-,∴11212t ⎫+>⎪⎭-≤,32t <≤;当0t <时,如图所示:此时正方形EFGH 上的点到圆心T 的最大距离为GT ,最小距离为ET ,∵正方形上存在T e 的“伴随点”,且点P 在以T为圆心,以为半径的圆上或圆内且在以1为半径的圆外,∴ET ≤,1GT >,∵12ET ==+,12GT t ⎫==-⎪⎭,∴12112t +≤⎫->⎪⎭,解得:32t -≤<;综上分析可知:t 32t <≤或32t -≤<.【点睛】本题主要考查了切线的性质,解直角三角形,勾股定理,两点间距离公式,等腰直角三角形的性质,解不等式组,解题的关键是数形结合,注意进行分类讨论.。

2024年北京市大兴区中考一模英语试题含答案

2024年北京市大兴区中考一模英语试题含答案

2024年北京市大兴区中考一模英语试题含答案注意事项1.考生要认真填写考场号和座位序号。

2.试题所有答案必须填涂或书写在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效。

第一部分必须用2B 铅笔作答;第二部分必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答。

3.考试结束后,考生须将试卷和答题卡放在桌面上,待监考员收回。

Ⅰ. 单项选择1、When you travel abroad, you can hardly avoid products made in China.A.to buy B.buying C.buy D.be bought2、It took me almost a whole day to _____ so many emails.A.deal with B.cut in C.cheer for D.run out3、— The accident was really terrible.— Y es, it was. The young man on the bicycle was too ________.A.careful B.careless C.carefully D.carelessly4、-----Mum, I’ve signed for a big box by Future Express(快递). What' s in it?-----I'm not sure. It________ be a present from your brother.A.might B.must C.should D.will5、---_____do you go to visit your grandma ?---Twice a monthA.How often B.How muchC.How soon D.How long6、--Y our son hasn’t watched the movie Need for Speed, has he?-- ____________. He told me it was ______ exciting _____ he’d like to watch it again.A.Y es, he has;so;thatB.Yes, he has;such;thatC.No, he hasn’t;so;thatD.No, he hasn’t;such;that7、—Green Book is on now. Would you like to go to the cinema with me?—No. thanks. I it twice.A.see B.saw C.have seen D.will see8、— Sam, what will the weather be like tomorrow?—Sorry, Mum. I didn’t watch the weather forecast just now. I ______ a football match.A.was watching B.am watchingC.would watch D.will watch9、One of the wonders of the _____ world is the pyramids in Egypt.A.crowded B.natural C.ancient D.modern10、— Never give up, and I believe you will be successful.—Thank you, Mum. 1 won’t _____ you _____.A.let; down B.keep; off C.cheer; upⅡ. 完形填空11、There was once a king 1 had a great palace with a wonderful garden. In the garden, there lived all kinds of animals. All of them enjoyed 2 there.There was only one thing that the king hated in the garden: an old tree 3 the centre of the garden. It was so old and dry. This made the king 4 angry that he finally asked some people to cut it down and turned the place into a swimming pool. However, after the tree 5 , the animals left the garden. Without the animals, the garden was not 6 before. The king was sad, 7 he didn’t know what had happened.A young man went to the king, and said he 7 what had happened. “This was8 you cut the old tree down,” said the young man. “There were9 moths(飞蛾)which lived in the tree. Birds needed the moths10 and then they produced wastes for plants to grow. The plants then attracted many 11 animals to your garden. So your garden became very beautiful. But 12 you cut the tree down,the animals had to leave.”“Excellent!” said the king, “I’ll make you rich and you will try to make my garden beautifulagain.”“I’m afraid13 will take many years to finish it. To get back the natural balance will take many years,” said the young man.The king was sad, but all he could do was just 14 .1.A.whom B.which C.who D.whose2.A.live B.living C.to live D.lived3.A.in B.on C.at D.for4.A.such B.such a C.so D.so a5.A.cut down B.cutting down C.is cut down D.was cut down6.A.as beautiful so B.so beautiful than C.so beautiful as D.more beautiful as7.A.however B.but C.and D.so8.A.can explain B.could explain C.will explain D.explains9.A.why B.so C.because D.that10.A.thousand B.thousand of C.two thousands D.thousands of11.A.eat B.to eat C.eating D.eaten12.A.other B.others C.another D.the other13.A.unless B.though C.so D.as14.A.it B.this C.that D.I15.A.wait B.waits C.to wait D.waitedⅢ. 语法填空12、At the age of fifteen, I met 1.Australia teacher. He taught us English. One day, he wrote an English poem2.the blackboard and asked us the meaning. There was a long silence. 3.(unlucky),the teacher4.(choose) me to answer the questions. I said in a low v5.,“Sorry, I don’t know.”That’s always my reply to difficult qustions.To my surprise, he spent the rest of the class 6.(explai n) my answer. He said “I don’t know is a wrong answer.”Y ou should at least have some ideas about the questions, no matter how difficult it is. It doesn’t mean that you don’t know. It means that you are not 7.(confidence), and you are afraid of making 8.(m istake).” I was shocked by 9.(he) words. He was right. From then on, I said goodbye to the wrong answer“I don’t know”,b10.any answers was better than that one. Now I always try my best to find a proper answer.Ⅳ. 阅读理解A13、There are many types of tea. They have their own functions.Green tea is the best choice for office workersPeople who always work in places with air condition may face skin problems such as easily dry skin. Among all the drink, green tea is the best choice. Because there are important things in green tea and they are often called catechins(儿茶酚). Moreover, drinking more green tea can prevent computer radiation.Winter is the season to drink black teaChinese medicine believed that different people should drink different tea based on the different characteristics and tastes of each kind of tea. Black tea can warm the stomach and quicken digestion(消化). Therefore, drinking warm black tea in the cold winter is a most suitable choice.Do not drink strong teaStrong tea may make the body far too excited and can badly affect the cardiovascular(心血管的)as well as the nervous system. For a person who has problems with these parts, to drink overly strong tea cause heart and blood pressure illness, or even make the old illness much worse.Do not drink too much tea when you are eatingDrinking too much tea or strong thick tea may not be good for taking in many constant elements and trace elements(常量元素和微量元素). Also, people should not drink tea with milk or other milky food.1.We can read this article in ______.A.Fashion Time B.Chinese CultureC.Life and Health D.Time and Space of Sports2.If you always work with computer, what kind of tea should you drink?A.Strong tea. B.Black tea.C.Green tea. D.Hot tea3.Too much strong tea may cause ______.A.heart disease B.skin problemsC.headache D.stomachache4.What’s the best title of the passage?A.How to Drink Tea B.The Culture of TeaC.The Development of Tea D.The Functions of TeaB14、Once there was a child ready to be born. So he asked God, “They tell me you are sending me to earth tomorrow, but how am I g oing to live there being so small and helpless?”God replied, “Among the many angels, I chose one for you. She will take care of you.” But the child wasn’t sure he really wanted to go. “But here I don’t do anything else but sing and smile, that’s enough for me to be happy.”“Your angel will sing for you and will also smile for you every day. And you will feel your angel’s love and be happy.”“And how am I going to be able to understand when people talk to me, ”the child continued,”if I don’t know the langua ge that men talk? ”God patted (轻怕)him on the head and said, “Your angel will tell you the most beautiful and sweet words you will ever hear.Your angel will teach you how to speak. ”“And what am I going to do when I want to talk to you?”But God had an an swer for that question too. “Your angel will place your hands together and will teach you how to pray(祈祷). ”“I’ve heard that on earth there are bad men,who will protect me? ”“Your angel will defend(保卫)you even if it means risking her life! ”“But I will always be sad because I will not see you any more, ”the child continued____God smiled on the young one. “Your angel will always talk to you about me and will teach you how to come back to me, even though I will always be with you.”At that moment there was much peace in Heaven, but voices from earth could already be heard. The child knew he had to start on his journey very soon. He asked God one more question, softly, “God, please tell me my angel’s name.”God answered, “Y our angel’s name is not hard to remember. You will simply call her _______.”1.Which of the following can best replace the underlined word “warily”?A.angrily B.proudly C.carefully D.happily2.Which is the suitable word for the blank in the last paragraph?A.Daddy B.Grandpa C.Mommy D.Grandma3.The child asked God questions in the order of ________.a. Who will protect me?b. How can I understand what people talked about?c. How can I live there being small and helplessd. What shall I do when I want to talk to you?e. What’s my angel’s name?A.c, d, b, e, a B.d, a, e, c, b C.b, d, c, a, e D.c, b, d, a, eC15、Liu Jinyin, a young farmer in a village of southwest China’s Sichuan Province, has attracted nearly 100,000 followers by broadcasting(网络直播) his daily life in the rural area. Within six months, Liu made 80,000 yuan. Some of his followers said his broadcasts reminded them of their childhood memories.The rise of live streaming (直播的兴起) has given ordinary people chances to receive more attention and make the ways they can make money.However, vulgar (粗俗的) content and lack of originality have long been criticized (批评) by society. The broadcasts of Liu stand out because of their different content — clean content that is close to real life, such as feeding pigs, transplanting rice seedlings (插秧), and catching fish.Liu’s videos also open a window for the people living in cities or towns to know more about village life. Liu does not ask for any gifts from his viewers. Instead, he lets the broadcasts serve as a platform (平台) for people to exchange ideas and make friends.Liu’s parents have found it hard to accept his money earning plan and criticized their son.Honestly speaking, broadcasting one’s daily life is not a proper job. But according to Karl Marx, when we choose a career, we should guide our choice of the career from the happiness of human beings and our own perfection.Starting from the countryside, Liu mixes his personal development with the building of a new socialist (社会主义) countryside. His career of broadcasting the daily life in the village is a career that is worth exploring.1.According to the article, we know that Liu live in _________.A.In the countryside.B.In the city.C.In the southeast of China.D.In a village of Shanxin Province.2.Which o f the following is NOT true about Liu’s broadcasts?A.People who live in the city can learn about village life from the broadcasts.B.People can exchange ideas with one another from the broadcasts.C.People can make friends with each other from the broadcasts.D.Liu uses his broadcasts to ask for presents from his viewers.3.What do Liu’s parents think of their son’s broadcasts?A.It’s not easy for them to accept Liu’s broadcasts.B.They accept Liu’s broadcasts although they don't like them.C.They are happy with Liu’s broadcasts.D.They advised their son to find a job in the city to make a living.4.All the following things are mentioned in the passage EXCEPT __________.A.the amount of money Liu’s e arned from his broadcasts.B.the number of people on Liu’s broadcasts.C.the disadvantages of Liu’s broadcasts.D.the reason why Liu’s broadcasts were watched by people.5.What’s the writer’s opinion on Liu’s career?A.He is against it.B.He supports it.C.He doesn’t care about it.D.He isn’t interested in it.D16、Do you plan to study at American University ?It takes a long time to get accepted at mostAmerican schools,perhaps as much as a year.That’s why you should start choosing a school as soon as possi ble.It’s also a good idea to apply to several different schools,so that you’ll have a better chance of being accepted at one。

2024北京大兴区初三一模数学试卷及答案

2024北京大兴区初三一模数学试卷及答案

大兴区2023~2024学年度第二学期初三期中检测数学参考答案及评分标准一、选择题(共16分,每题2分) 题号1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 答案D B C B C D A D二、填空题(共16分,每题2分) 题号910 11 12 13 14 15 16 答案3x ≥ ()()22a x x +− 1x = -5 45 1 240 60,30三、解答题(共68分,第17-20题,每题5分,第21题6分,第22-23题,每题5分,第24-26题,每题6分,第27,28题,每题7分)解答应写出文字说明、演算步骤或证明过程.17.解:原式=2312222++−⨯························································· 4分 =42+. ··········································································· 5分18. 解:4125213x x x x ⎧⎪⎨⎪⎩-≥+,①-<.②解不等式①,得x ≥3. ································································· 2分解不等式②,得x >-1. ······························································· 4分所以不等式组的解集为x ≥3. ························································ 5分19.解:··························································· 2分. ·········································································· 3分∵,∴. ············································································· 4分∴.∴原式=2-1=1. ················································································ 5分2(1)(4)2a a a +++−222142a a a a =++++−2261a a =+−2310a a +−=231a a +=2262a a +=2261a a =+−原式20.解:设每本A 书籍厚度为x cm ,桌子高度为y cm. ····································· 1分由题意可得37965825,.x y x y ⎧+=⎪⎨⨯+=⎪⎩····································································· 3分 解得176x y ⎧=⎨=⎩,.············································································· 4分 答:每本A 书籍厚度为1cm. ···································································· 5分21. (1)证明:∵四边形ABCD 是正方形,∴AD ∥BC ,AD =BC . …………………………1分∵BE =FD ,∴AD -FD =BC -BE.即AF =CE . …………………………2分又∵AF ∥CE ,∴ 四边形AECF 是平行四边形. ……………………………………3分(2)解:∵四边形ABCD 是正方形,∴AB ∥CD ,∠BCD=∠D =90°,AD =CD. ……………………………4分∴∠BAE=∠G ,∠ECG =90°,∴tan ∠BAE = tan G =. 在Rt △ADG 中,∵ tan G =AD DG =,DG =9, ∴ AD =6.∴ CD =6.…………………………………………………………5分∴ CG =3.在Rt △ECG 中,∵ tan G = =CE CG , ∴ CE=2 . ··········································································· 6分22.解:(1)4; …………………………………………………………………………1分(2)7.55; ……………………………………………………………………………2分(3)①;………………………………………………………………………………4分(4)乙. ………………………………………………………………………………5分23232323. 解:(1)将A (1,3),B (-1,-1)代入0()y kx b k =+≠中,得3 1.,k b k b +=⎧⎨−+=−⎩ ············································································· 1分 解得21.,k b =⎧⎨=⎩∴函数的表达式为21=+y x . ························································ 2分 ∵过点(-2,0)且平行于y 轴的直线交于点C ,∴点C 的横坐标为-2.把x =-2代入,得y =-3.∴点C 的坐标为(-2,-3). ····························································· 3分 (2) 312≤≤n .··············································································· 5分24. (1) ②,①; ···················································································· 2分(2)①不能. ························································································ 3分 理由如下:由题意可得OE =2.6+3=5.6.把x =5.6代入上边缘抛物线表达式,得2156220388()==−−+y ..<0.5 所以绿化带不全在喷头口的喷水区域内.所以洒水车不能浇灌到整个绿化带. ················································· 4分 ②2≤OD ≤231−. ······································································ 6分25. (1)证明:∵AB 为⊙O 的切线,∴∠OBA =90°.∴∠A +∠AEB =90°.∵BC 为⊙O 的直径,∴∠CDB =90°.∴∠CDE +∠BDE =90°.∵BD =BA ,∴∠BDA =∠A .∴∠CDE =∠AEB. ···················································································· 1分又∵∠CDE=∠CBF,∴∠AEB=∠CBF.∴EF=BF. ···························································································2分(2) 解:连接CF.∵AB为⊙O的切线,∴∠OBA=90°.∴∠AEB+∠A=90°,∠EBF+∠FBA=90°.∵∠AEB=∠CBF,∴∠FBA=∠A.∴AF=BF.∴AF=BF=EF. ························································································3分设BF =EF=AF=x,则AE=2x.在Rt△ABE中,∵sin A=13,AE=2x,∴BE=23x. ·····························································································4分∵BC为直径,∴∠CFB=90°.∵∠BCF=∠BDA,∠BDA=∠A,∴∠BCF=∠A. ························································································5分∴sin A=sin∠BCF=1 3 .在Rt△BFC中,∵BF=x,∴BC=3x.∵BC=2OB=2(OE+BE),∴3x=2(52+23x).解得x=3.∴OB=9 2 .∴⊙O半径的长为92. ················································································6分26.解:(1)∵x 2=2,y 2=c ,∴4a +2b +c =c. ………………………………………………………………………………1分 ∴b =-2a .∴12b t .a=−= ························································································ 2分 (2) ∵ 2(0)y ax bx c a =++<,∴抛物线开口向下.∵ 抛物线的对称轴为x =t ,t +1<x 1<t +2,∴点M 在对称轴的右侧. …………………………………………………………………3分 ①当点N 在对称轴上或对称轴右侧时,∵抛物线开口向下,∴在对称轴右侧,y 随x 的增大而减小.由y 1>y 2,∴x 1<x 2.∴424≤≤t ,t .⎧⎨+⎩解得42≤≤t ,t .⎧⎨⎩∴2≤t . ……………………………………………………………………………4分 ②当点N 在对称轴上或对称轴左侧时,设抛物线上的点N (x 2, y 2)关于x =t 的对称点为()2N d ,y ',∴ t - x 2=d -t ,解得d =2t - x 2,∴()222N t x ,y '−.∵4<x 2<5∴2t -5<2t -x 2<2t -4.在对称轴右侧,y 随x 的增大而减小.由y 1>y 2,∴x 1<2t -x 2.∴5225≥≤t,t t .⎧⎨+−⎩解得57≥≥t ,t .⎧⎨⎩∴7≥t .综上所述,t 的取值范围是27≤或≥t t .…………………………………………………6分27. (1)补全图形如下:…………………………………………….1分(2) 解:∵AC= BC ,∠ACB =90°,∴∠A =∠ABC =45°.∴∠CDB =∠A +∠ACD =45°+α. ………………………………………………………….2分 ∵∠CDE =90°,∴∠EDB =∠CDE -∠CDB =45°-α.……………………………………………………….3分(3) 用等式表示线段BE ,BC ,AD 之间的数量关系是BC=AD+BE. ………………………4分 证明:过点D 作DM ⊥AB ,交AC 于点F ,交BC 的延长线于点M .∵∠MDB =∠CDE =90°,∴∠CDM =∠EDB .∵∠MBD =45°,∴∠M =∠MBD =45°.∴DM=DB.又∵DC=DE ,∴△DCM ≌△DEB .∴CM=BE .···························································································· 5分 ∵∠M =45°,∠ACB =90°,∴∠CFM =∠M =45°.∴CF=CM .∴CF=BE. ···························································································· 6分 E CA BD2在Rt △F AD 中,∵∠A =45°,∴cos A =. ∴AF=AD .∵AC=AF+FC ,∴AC=AD+FC.∵CF=BE ,BC=AC ,∴BC=AD+BE.············································································ 7分28.解:(1)① …………………………………………………………………….2分 ②如图1: 设射线与⊙T 相切于点,连接. ∴TM ⊥PM .当∠P =45°时,在Rt △PMT 中,.∴当点在⊙T 外且∠P ≥ 45°时,1<PT . ∴点在以T 为圆心,以为半径的圆上或圆内且在以1为半径的圆外. ············ 3分 如图2:直线上有且只有一个⊙T 的“伴随点”, ∴直线与以为圆心,为半径的圆相切. ∴b ≠0.设直线与轴,轴分别交于点,,与以为圆心,为半径的圆相切于点,连接, ∴.令,则;令,则,.,.在Rt △ATB 中,,90° . , 22AD AF =22223P P ,PM M TM 2222112PT MP MT =+=+=P 12∴<PT ≤P 21:2l y x b =+12y x b =+T 212y x b =+x y A B T 2C TC TC AB ⊥0x =y b =0y =2x b =−2,0),(0,)A b B b ∴−(2AT b ∴=−BT b =1tan 122b BT AT b ∠===−1290∠+∠=TC AB ⊥图2图190°... 在Rt △TCB 中, 1322tan =BC BC .CT ∠== . . . . ···························································································· 5分 (2)或. ································································ 7分 2390∴∠+∠=13∴∠=∠1tan 1tan 32∴∠=∠=22BC ∴=2222210(2)()22BT CT BC ∴=+=+=102b ∴=102b ∴=±213312,2222t t −−−<≤≤<213312,2222t t −−−<≤≤<。

2024届北京市大兴区高三下学期一模全真演练物理试题(基础必刷)

2024届北京市大兴区高三下学期一模全真演练物理试题(基础必刷)

2024届北京市大兴区高三下学期一模全真演练物理试题(基础必刷)一、单项选择题(本题包含8小题,每小题4分,共32分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的)(共8题)第(1)题绝热容器内封闭一定质量的理想气体,气体分子的速率分布如下图所示,横坐标表示速率,纵坐标表示某一速率区间的分子数占总分子数的百分比,经过一段时间分子的速率分布图由状态①变为②,则由图可知( )A.气体的温度一定降低B.气体的压强一定减小C.气体的内能一定增大D.气体一定对外界做功第(2)题俄乌冲突中,无人机被广泛用来投放炸弹.如图所示,有三架无人机静止在空中,离地面的高度之比.若同时由静止释放炸弹a、b、c,不计空气阻力,则以下说法正确的是()A.a、b、c下落时间之比为B.a、b、c落地前瞬间速度大小之比为C.a与b落地的时间差等于b与c落地的时间差D.a与b落地的时间差小于b与c落地的时间差第(3)题一块质量为M、长为l的长木板A 静止放在光滑的水平面上,质量为m的物体B(可视为质点)以初速度v0从左端滑上长木板 A 的上表面并从右端滑下,该过程中,物体B的动能减少量为,长木板A的动能增加量为,A、B间因摩擦产生的热量为Q,下列说法正确的是( )A.A、B组成的系统动量、机械能均守恒B.,,Q的值可能为,,C.,,Q的值可能为,,D.若增大v0和长木板A的质量M,B一定会从长木板A的右端滑下,且Q将增大第(4)题为探究变压器的两个线圈的电压关系,小明绕制了两个线圈套在可拆变压器的铁芯上,如图所示,线圈a作为原线圈连接到学生电源的交流输出端,线圈b接小灯泡,线圈电阻忽略不计。

当闭合电源开关时,他发现电源过载(电流过大,超过学生电源允许的最大值)。

为解决电源过载问题,下列措施中可行的是( )A.增大电源电压B.适当增加原线圈a的匝数C.适当增加副线圈b的匝数D.换一个电阻更小的灯泡第(5)题如图所示,用细线将小球m悬挂在盒子M顶部,在M沿固定斜面下滑的过程中,悬挂小球的细线始终竖直,则( )A.M做加速运动B.M做匀速运动C.m处于失重状态D.m处于超重状态第(6)题如图所示,两根长度均为、质量均为的平行长直导线水平放置在倾角为的光滑斜面上,导线被斜面上的挡板挡住处于平衡状态。

【区级联考】北京市大兴区2024届高三下学期第一次模拟考试理综物理试题(基础必刷)

【区级联考】北京市大兴区2024届高三下学期第一次模拟考试理综物理试题(基础必刷)

【区级联考】北京市大兴区2024届高三下学期第一次模拟考试理综物理试题(基础必刷)一、单项选择题(本题包含8小题,每小题4分,共32分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的)(共8题)第(1)题质量为800kg的赛车在平直赛道上以恒定功率加速,受到的阻力不变,其加速度a与速度的倒数的关系如图所示,已知图像斜率k的数值大小为500。

则赛车( )A.速度随时间均匀增大B.加速度随时间均匀增大C.赛车运动时发动机输出功率为400kWD.图中b点取值应为0.01,其对应的物理意义表示赛车的最大时速为160km/h第(2)题如图所示,电源电动势为E,内阻为r,R1是光敏电阻(阻值随光照强度的增大而减小),R2是定值电阻,C是平行板电容器,V1、V2都是理想电压表。

闭合开关S后,电容器中的带电小球处于静止状态。

在光照强度增大的过程中,分别用△U1、△U2表示电压表V1和电压表V2示数变化的绝对值,且△U1<△U2,则下列说法正确的是( )A.V1的示数增大,V2的示数减小B.V1的示数减小,V2的示数增大C.带电小球仍处于静止状态D.带电小球向上运动第(3)题平潭海峡公铁两用大桥全长16.34km,该大桥所处的平潭海峡是世界三大风暴海域之一,以“风大、浪高、水深、涌急”著称。

为保证安全起见,环境风速超过20m/s时,列车通过该桥的运行速度不能超过300km/h,下列说法正确的是( )A.题目中“全长16.34km”指的是位移大小B.“风速超过20m/s”“不能超过300km/h”中所指的速度均为瞬时速度C.“风速超过20m/s”指的是平均速度,“不能超过300km/h”指的是瞬时速度D.假设某火车通过该大桥所用时间为0.08h,则平均速度约为204km/h第(4)题高压线常常是裸露的导线,非常危险,但小鸟站在上面却安然无事。

小徐同学为了搞清楚其中的原因,查阅了相关数据:某发电厂发出的交流电电功率为6.4104kW,电压为10kV,通过变压器升压后以200kV的电压输电,导线横截面积为100mm2,电阻率为。

北京大兴区2024届中考一模英语试题含答案

北京大兴区2024届中考一模英语试题含答案

北京大兴区2024届中考一模英语试题含答案注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号和座位号填写在试题卷和答题卡上。

用2B铅笔将试卷类型(B)填涂在答题卡相应位置上。

将条形码粘贴在答题卡右上角"条形码粘贴处"。

2.作答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑;如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案。

答案不能答在试题卷上。

3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答,答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动,先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。

不按以上要求作答无效。

4.考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。

考试结束后,请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

Ⅰ. 单项选择1、The result is ________ worse than we thought!A.more B.even C.great D.much more2、Don’t fear difficulties and failure(失败). Remember: .A.No one is wise at all times.B.A kite rises against the wind rather than with it.C.Don’t cross your bridges before you come to them.D.Y ou can lead a horse to water, but you can’t make it drink.3、Be confident, everyone. We _______ finish the difficult task on time without other’s he lp.A.can B.need C.must D.should4、Mike and Ted are twins. ______ are from Australia.A.We B.You C.They D.Them5、This is the most beautiful sight ________ I have ever seen since I came to England.A.which B.that C.where D.what6、—Li Ping’s father has ever been to Canada.— Really? When ______there?A.has he been there B.will he go C.had he been D.did he go7、(2017·内蒙古包头·30)—Why did you buy so many flowers?—________ my wife. I did something wrong yesterday. She is still angry with meA.Please B.To pleaseC.Pleasing D.Be pleased8、As for__________students from Grade 9, the biggest __________ is learning how to take care of ourselves as well as improve our grades.A.us , challenge B.Our, chance C.we , choice9、________ the time I got home, my mother had already gone to sleep.A.At B.Since C.For D.By10、- Yesterday I received a letter from John.- You did? I hear he is leaving for America .A.twice a year B.for two weeks C.next year D.last monthⅡ. 完形填空11、Once upon a time, there was a garden. Many vegetables grew in the garden. And there was a big 1 near the vegetables.The vegetables and the big tree didn't like each other. The vegetables drank a lot of water, so the tree 2drink enough water. The big tree looked the vegetables 3 and he decides to teach them a lesson.On a summer day, the 4 was shining in the sky. The big tree decided not to share its shade (阴影)with the vegetables. It made the vegetables very hot. There was not 5 water to drink, they soon became very dry and ugly. At that time, the gardener came to see these vegetables. He was very sad, 6 almost all the vegetables were dry. Then he decided to build a new garden.It 7 the gardener too much time to build the new garden. He was so busy that he couldn’t 8 the old garden. Both the big tree and the vegetables felt very thirsty. They would die soon. In the end, the big tree 9 what he had done. If the big tree realized that it was better to communicate well with the vegetables at first , they might both grow very well. However, he chose a 10 way to teach the vegetables a lesson.1.A.river B.flower C.tree2.A.couldn't B.shouldn't C.mustn't3.A.happily B.angrily C.amazedly4.A.star B.moon C.sun5.A.many B.little C.enough6.A.so B.because C.although7.A.took B.spent C.paid8.A.look up B.look after C.look through9.A.regretted B.thanked C.understood10.A.clever B.right C.wrongⅢ. 语法填空12、阅读短文,从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空,使短文通思想完整。

2023北京大兴区初三一模数学试题及参考答案

2023北京大兴区初三一模数学试题及参考答案

大兴区2022-2023学年一模试卷一、选择题(本题共16分,每小题2分)第1-8题均有四个选项,符合题意的选项只有一个.1.如图所示的圆柱,其俯视图是A .B .C .D .2.2022年10月12日,“天宫课堂”第三课在距离地球约400 000米的中国空间站开讲,数据400 000用科学记数法表示为A .40×104B .4×105C .4×106D .0.4×1063.已知M ,N ,P ,Q 四点的位置如图所示,下列结论正确的是A .∠NOQ =40°B .∠NOP =140°C .∠NOP 比∠MOQ 大D .∠MOQ 与∠MOP 互补第3题 第4题 第7题4.实数a ,b 在数轴上的对应点的位置如图所示,下列结论中正确的是A .a <-2B .b >2C .b -a <0D .a >-b5.一个不透明的口袋中有三个完全相同的小球,把它们分别标号为1,2,3,随机摸出一个小球然后放回,再随机摸出一个小球,求两次摸出小球的标号相同的概率是A .13B .23C .19D .296.若关于x 的一元二次方程x 2+2x +m =0有实数根,则实数m 的取值范围为A .m <1B .m ≤1C .m >1D .m ≥17.如图,在正方形网格中,A ,B ,C ,D ,E ,F ,G ,H ,I ,J 是网格线交点,△ABC 与△DEF 关于某点成中心对称,则其对称中心是 A .点GB .点HC .点ID .点J8.下面的三个问题中都有两个变量:①面积一定的等腰三角形,底边上的高y 与底边长x ;②将泳池中的水匀速放出,直至放完,泳池中的剩余水量y 与放水时间x ;③计划从A 地到B 地铺设一段铁轨,每日铺设长度y 与铺设天数x .其中,变量y 与变量x 满足反比例函数关系的是A .①②B .①③C .②③D .①②③二、填空题(本题共16分,每小题2分)9x 的取值范围是___________.10.分解因式:2363m m ++=__________.11.方程123x x=-的解为___________.12.在平面直角坐标系xOy 中,若反比例函数(0)ky k x=≠的图象经过点23(,)A 和点()2,B m -,则m 的值为________.13.九年级(1)班同学分6个小组参加植树活动,此活动6个小组的植树棵数的数据如下:5,7,3,x ,6,4(单位:株).若这组数据的众数是5,则该组数据的平均数是.14.如图,A ,B ,C ,D 是⊙O 上的四个点, AB = BC,若∠AOB =68°,则∠BDC =____°.第14题 第15题15.如图,在矩形ABCD 中,E 是AD 边上一点,且AE =2DE ,连接CE 交对角线BD 于点F .若BD =10,则DF 的长为______.16.某校需要更换部分体育器材,打算用1800元购买足球和篮球,并且把1800元全部花完.已知每个足球60元,每个篮球120元,根据需要,购买的足球数要超过篮球数,并且足球数不超过篮球数的2倍,写出一种满足条件的购买方案____________________.三、解答题(本题共68分,第17-22题,每小题5分,第23-26题, 每小题6分,第27-28题,每小题7分)解答应写出文字说明、演算步骤或证明过程.17.计算:()2sin 601︒--π18.解不等式组:()32411.3≥,x x x x ⎧+-⎪⎨-<+⎪⎩19.已知210x x +-=,求代数式(21)(21)(3)x x x x +---的值.20.下面是用面积关系证明勾股定理的两种拼接图形的方法,请选择其中一种,完成证明.21.如图,在菱形ABCD中,对角线AC、BD的交于点O,延长CB到E,使得BE=BC.连接AE.过点B作BF//AC,交AE于点F,连接OF.(1)求证:四边形AFBO是矩形;(2)若∠ABC=60°,BF=1,求OF的长.22.在平面直角坐标系xOy中,函数(0)=+≠的图象经过点(1,1),(2,y kx b k3).(1)求该函数的解析式;(2)当1x>-时,对于x的每一个值,函数(0)y mx m=≠的值大于一次函数=+≠的值,直接写出m的取值范围.(0)y kx b k23.某校为了解九年级学生周末家务劳动时长的情况,随机抽取了50名学生,调查了这些学生某一周末家务劳动时长(单位:分钟)的数据,并对数据(保留整数)进行整理、描述和分析,下面给出部分信息:a.学生家务劳动时长的数据在70≤x<80这一组的具体数据如下:72,72,73,74,74,75,75,75,75,75,75,76,76,76,77,77,78,79 b.学生家务劳动时长的数据的频数分布直方图如下:根据以上信息,回答下列问题:(1)补全频数分布直方图;(2)学生家务劳动时长的数据的中位数为;(3)若该校九年级有学生500人,估计该校九年级学生家务劳动时长至少90分钟的有人.24.如图,AB是☉O的直径,C为圆上一点,连接AC,BC,过点O作OD⊥AC于点D.过点A作☉O的的切线交OD的延长线于点P,连接CP.(1)求证:CP 是☉O 的切线;(2)过点B 作BE ⊥PC 于点E ,若CE =4,cos ∠CAB =45,求OD 的长.25.羽毛球作为国际球类竞技比赛的一种,发球后羽毛球的飞行路线可以看作是抛物线的一部分.建立如图所示的平面直角坐标系,羽毛球从发出到落地的过程中竖直高度y (单位:m )与水平距离x (单位:m )近似满足函数关系式:2()(0)y a x h k a =-+≠.某次发球时,羽毛球的水平距离x 与竖直高度y 的几组数据如下:水平距离x /m 02468…竖直高度y/m13253321…请根据上述数据,解决问题(1)直接写出羽毛球飞行过程中竖直高度的最大值,并求出满足的函数关系2()(0)y a x h k a =-+≠;(2)已知羽毛球场的球网高度为1.55m ,当发球点O 距离球网5m 时羽毛球____________(填“能”或“不能”)越过球网.26.在平面直角坐标系xOy 中,点()12,y -,()22,y ,()33,y 在抛物线2221y x tx t =-++上.(1)抛物线的对称轴是直线 (用含t 的式子表示);(2)当12y y =,求t 的值;(3)点()()33,m y m ≠在抛物线上,若231<<y y y ,求t 取值范围及m 的取值范围.27.在△ABC 中,AC =BC ,∠C =90°,点D 为射线CB 上一动点(不与B ,C 重合),连接AD ,点E 为AB 延长线上一点,且DE =AD ,作点E 关于射线CB 的对称点F ,连接BF ,DF .(1)如图1,当点D 在线段CB 上时,①依题意补全图形,求证:∠DAB =∠DFB ;②用等式表示线段BD ,BF ,BC 之间的数量关系,并证明;(2)如图2,当点D 在线段CB 的延长线上时,请直接用等式表示线段BD ,BF ,BC 之间的数量关系.图128.在平面直角坐标系xOy 中,对于△ABC 与⊙O ,给出如下定义:若△ABC 的一个顶点在⊙O 上,除这个顶点外△ABC 与⊙O 存在且仅存在一个公共点,则称△ABC 为⊙O 的“相关三角形”.(1)如图1,⊙O 的半径为1,点C (2,0),△AOC 为⊙O 的“相关三角形”.在点P 1(0,1),P 2,(12 P 3(1,1)这三个点中,点A 可以与点重合;图1 图2(2)如图2,⊙O的半径为1,点A(0,2),点B是x轴上的一动点,且点B的横坐标x B的取值范围是-1<x B<1,点C在第一象限,若△ABC为直角三角形,且△ABC为⊙O的“相关三角形”.求点C的横坐标x C的取值范围;(3)⊙O的半径为r,直线y=与⊙O在第一象限的交点为A,点C(2,0),若平面直角坐标系xOy中存在点B(点B在x轴下方),使得△ABC为等腰直角三角形,且△ABC为⊙O的“相关三角形”.直接写出r的取值范围.备用图大兴区九年级第二学期期中练习初三数学参考答案及评分标准一、选择题(本题共16分,每小题2分)题号12345678答案ABDDABCB二、填空题(本题共16分,每小题2分)9.≥1x 10.23(1)m +11.6x =12.3-13.5 14.3415.5216.答案不唯一, 9个篮球,12个足球;8个篮球,14个足球三、解答题(本题共68分,第17-22题,每小题5分,第23-26题,每小题6分,第27-28题,每小题7分)17.解:原式1- …………………………………………………………4分=1.…………………………………………………………………………….…5分18.解:3(2)4,11.3x x x x +-⎧⎪⎨-<+⎪⎩≥①②解不等式①,得52x ≥.………………………………………………………………………2分解不等式②,得2>-x .………………………………………………………………………4分∴不等式组的解集为52x ≥.…………………………………………………………………5分19.解:(21)(21)(3)x x x x +--- 22=413x x x --+………………………………………………………………………2分2=331x x +-.…………………………………………………………………………3分∵210x x +-=,∴21x x +=,……………………………………………………………………………………4分∴2333x x +=,∴原式312=-=.…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………5分20.选择方法一.证明:∵22142()a+b ab c =⨯+, ……………………………………………………………3分∴222+2+=2+a ab b ab c ,……………………………………………………………………4分∴222+=a b c .…………………………………………………………………………………5分选择方法二.证明:∵22142()b a ab c -+⨯=, ……………………………………………………………3分∴2222++2=-b ab a ab c , ……………………………………………………………………4分∴222+=a b c .…………………………………………………………………………………5分21.(1)证明:∵四边形ABCD 是菱形,∴AO =OC ,AC ⊥BD ,∴∠AOB =90°.∵BE =BC ,∴OB ∥AE .又∵BF ∥AC ,∴四边形AFBO 是平行四边形.又∵∠AOB =90°,∴四边形AFBO 是矩形.………………………………………………………………………3分(2)解:∵四边形ABCD 是菱形, ∴∠ABO =12∠ABC .∵∠ABC =60°,∴∠ABO =30°.∵四边形AFBO 是矩形,∴OB ∥AF ,OF =AB ,∠BFA =90°,∴∠FAB =∠ABO ,∴∠FAB =30°.又∵在△ABF 中,∠BFA =90°,BF =1,∴AB =2BF =2,∴OF =2.………………………………………………………………………………………5分22.(1)解:依据题意,得12 3.k b k b +=⎧⎨+=⎩,…………………………………………………1分解得2,1.k b =⎧⎨=-⎩…………………………………………………………3分∴该函数的解析式为21y x =-.(2)23≤≤m .…………………………………………………………………………………5分23.解:(1)如图………………………2分(2)74.5; ……………………………………………………………………………………4分(3)40. ………………………………………………………………………………………6分24.(1)证明:连接OC .∵AP 是⊙O 的切线,∴AP ⊥OA ,∴∠PAO =90°.∵OD ⊥AC , ∴AD =CD ,∴AP =CP ,又∵OA=OC ,OP=OP ,∴△AOP ≌△COP ,∴∠PAO =∠PCO =90°,∴OC ⊥PC .又∵点C 在⊙O 上,∴CP 是⊙O 的切线.…………………………………………………………………………3分(2)解:∵AB 是⊙O 的直径,∴∠ACB =90°. ∴∠ACO+∠OCB=90°.∵CP 是⊙O 的切线,∴∠OCE =90°,∴∠OCB+∠ECB=90°,∴∠ECB=∠OCA .∵OA =OC ,∴∠CAB=∠OCA ,∴∠CAB=∠ECB .∵cos ∠CAB =45,∴cos ∠BCE =45.∵BE ⊥PC ,∴∠CEB=90°.在△BCE 中,∵CE =4,cos ∠BCE =CE CB =45,∴CB =5.∵OA =OB ,AD =CD ,∴OD =12BC =52.………………………………………………………………………………6分25.解:(1)最大值是53m .……………………………………………………………………1分根据表格中的数据可知,抛物线的顶点坐标为543(,),∴54,3h k ==,∴()()25403y a x a =-+≠.∵当0x =时,1y =,∴()250413a -+=解得124a =-,∴函数关系为()2154243y x =--+.………………………………………………4分(2)能.………………………………………………………………………………………6分26.解:(1)x t =.…………………………………………………………………………1分(2)∵点()12y -,,()22y ,在抛物线上,且12y y =,∴2(2)t t -=--.解得0t =.………………………………………………………………………………3分(3)∵点()12,y -,()22,y ,()33,y 在抛物线2221y x tx t =-++上,∴21441y t t =+++,22441y t t =-++,23961y t t =-++.由23y y <,得52t <.由31y y <,得12t >.∴1522t <<.………………………………………………………………………………5分∵点()()33m y m ≠,在抛物线上,∴点3(,)m y ,33(,)y 关于抛物线的对称轴x t =对称,且m t <.∴3t t m -=-,解得23m t =-.∴22m -<<.……………………………………………………………………………6分27.(1)①补全图形,如下图.………………………………………………………………1分证明:∵DE=AD,∴∠DAB=∠DEA.∵点E关于射线CB的对称点为F,∴△DBF≌△DBE,∴∠DFB=∠DEB,∴∠DAB=∠DFB.……………………………………………………………………………3分BC BD.……….……………………………………………………………4分②= Array证明:设EF与射线CB交于点G.∵点E关于射线CB的对称点为F,∴△DBF≌△DBE,EF⊥CB,∴∠BDF=∠BDE,DF=DE,∠DFB=∠DEB.∵AC=BC,∠C=90°,∴∠BAC=∠CBA=45°,∴∠ABC=∠BDE+∠DEB=45°,∴∠DFB+∠BDF=45°.∵∠CAD+∠DAB=45°,又∵∠DAB=∠DFB,∴∠CAD=∠BDF.∵DE=AD,DF=DE,∴AD=DF.∵∠C=90°,EF⊥CB,∴∠C=∠FGD=90°,∴△ACD≌△DGF,∴CD=FG.∵∠FBG=∠DFB+∠BDF=45°,∴△FBG为等腰直角三角形,∴=FB,∴=FG,∵BC =BD +CD ,∴=BC BD ..…….…………………………………………………………………6分(2)=-BC BD .…….………………………………………………………………7分28.(1)2P ;………………………………………………………………………………1分(2)图2-1 图2-2解:由条件可知,点C 在⊙O 上,如图2-1所示,当 B (-1,0),D (1,0)时,连接AD ,与⊙O 交于点C ,∴BD 为⊙O 直径,∴∠BCD =∠ACB=90°.∵在Rt △AOD 中,∠AOD =90°,由勾股定理得AD.∵在Rt △BCD 中,cos ∠CDB=DCBD,在Rt △AOD 中,cos ∠CDB =ODAD,∴DC BD =OD AD,∴2DC过点C 作CE ⊥BD .∴在Rt △CED 中,cos ∠CDB =DE CD =∴2=5DE .∵OD=1,∴3=5OE ,∴3=5C x .………………………………………………………………………………………3分如图2-2所示,当B 位于原点,AC 与圆O 相切时,过点C 作CD ⊥y 轴于点D .∵AC 与⊙O 相切,∴∠ACO =90°,∴在Rt △AOC 中,由勾股定理得AC ∵在Rt △DCA 中,sin ∠DAC =DCAC ,在Rt △OCA 中,sin ∠DAC =OCAO,∴DC OCAC AO=,12=,∴DC =.∴C x =.综上所述,35C x <………………………………………………………………………5分(3)r 1r ≤.………………………………………………………………7分。

2024北京大兴区初三一模化学试卷和答案

2024北京大兴区初三一模化学试卷和答案

2024北京大兴初三一模化 学2024.041.本试卷共8页,共两部分,共38题,满分70分。

考试时间70分钟。

2.在试卷和答题卡上准确填写学校、班级、姓名、准考证号。

3.试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效。

4.在答题卡上,选择题、画图题用2B铅笔作答,其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。

可能用到的相对原子质量:H1C12N14O16Ti48第一部分本部分共25题,每题1分,共25分。

在每题列出的四个选项中,选出最符合题目要求的一项。

空气是生命赖以生存的物质基础,也是重要的自然资源。

回答1~5题。

1.空气中含量最多的气体是( )A.氮气B.二氧化碳C.氧气D.稀有气体2.下列做法不符合“低碳生活”理念的是( )A.外出随手关灯B.自带布袋购物C.骑自行车出行D.使用一次性餐具3.二氧化碳由碳、氧两种元素组成,两种元素的本质区别是( )A.质子数不同B.中子数不同C.电子数不同D.最外层电子数不同4.下列物质在O2中燃烧,火星四射、生成黑色固体的是( )A.红磷B.木炭C.铁丝D.氢气5.下列物质中,含有氧分子的是( )A.O2B.H2OC.CO2D.H2O2厨房中蕴藏着丰富的化学知识。

回答6~10题。

6.下列厨房用品所使用的主要材料中,属于有机合成材料的是( )A.不锈钢锅B.塑料垃圾桶C.纯棉围裙D.青花瓷盘7.铜可用于制造传统的炭火锅。

铜的下列性质与此用途无关的是( )A.熔点高B.导电性好C.导热性好D.延展性好8.厨房炒菜时窗外能闻到香味,主要体现的分子的性质是( )A.分子之间有间隔B.分子的体积很小C.分子在不断运动D.分子的质量很小9.将厨房中的下列物质放入水中,不能形成溶液的是( )A.蔗糖B.食盐C.纯碱D.花生油10.厨房中油锅着火,可迅速盖上锅盖灭火,其原理是( )A.降低油的着火点B.隔绝氧气C.降低温度到油的着火点以下D.移除可燃物将树叶浸泡在溶质质量分数为10%的NaOH溶液中并煮沸,可叶脉书签。

2023年北京市大兴区中考英语一模试卷(含解析)

2023年北京市大兴区中考英语一模试卷(含解析)

2023年北京市大兴区中考英语一模试卷1. My brother and I like painting._________often have painting classes on weekends.()A. IB. HeC. WeD. They2. Our school usually celebrates its Art Festival _______ May every year.()A. inB. onC. atD. to3. —_________ you play tennis with me,Tony?— Of course,it's my favorite sport.()A. CanB. MayC. MustD. Should4. —_____ will you stay in Tianjin?—About two months.()A. How longB. How oftenC. How manyD. How far5. We'd better get up earlier tomorrow morning,_______ we'll be late for the meeting.()A. andB. orC. butD. so6. —Peter,have you seen The Wandering EarthⅡ?—Yes,I think it is _________ than any other movie this year.()A. popularB. more popularC. most popularD. the most popular7. —Look!Is that Sam over there?— Oh,yes.He _________ up the park.()A. cleansB. cleanedC. has cleanedD. is cleaning8. If I have free time this week,I ___________ on the book review with my classmates.()A. workB. workedC. will workD. have worked9. Susan ________ in her room last night when she heard a loud knock on the door.()A. was readingB. has readC. readD. will read10. Mrs.Green __________ many places of interest since she came to China three years ago.()A. visitB. visitedC. will visitD. has visited11. The flowers on the farm _________ twice a week and they grow very well.()A. waterB. wateredC. are wateredD. were watered12. —Do you know _________ yesterday?— Yes,I do.The location in their WeChat directed them there.()A. how did they get to the villageB. how they got to the villageC. why did they get to the villageD. why they got to the villageGoals Are Easier to Achieve in Small StepsThe new high school was too large for Riya.She spent the firstweek trying to keep different (1)______ in her mind.She wasalways confused by the school's building.She decided that shewould memorize where her classes were and then pretend(装作)that the rest of the places didn't exist.All the different hallways and classrooms were too many to (2)______ about,let alone keep them in her memory.In PE lesson,Mr.Black drove her mad when he announced(宣布)that everyone had to run one mile around the track on the playground.Riya searched the faces of her classmates for signs of fear.There was nothing she was (3)______ of more than having to run a whole mile.To Riya,the word "a mile" was considered as a long distance.When Mr.Black blew his whistle(哨),Riya thought she would be (4)______ far behind.However,while some of her classmates ran ahead,others couldn't keep up with them actually. "It's just the beginning," she thought,"I'll be the (5)______ one in the race for sure. "Riya started using a mind trick on herself.She stopped thinking about the word "mile".Instead,she made efforts to reach the shadow(影子)cast on the track by a tree up ahead.Then she (6)______ on running to the spot where the track curved(弯曲).After that,she tried to see if she could complete her first lap.One lap (7)______ into two,then three,then four.When Mr.Black gave her a high five and said,"Nice work,"Riya was shocked.She would never have predicted that she had just run a whole mile.As Riya walked back to the school building after the PE class,she felt less confused by its (8)______ .Maybe she would come to know the place.One lap at a time would be the right way.13. A. teachers B. classes C. subjects D. classmates14. A. think B. talk C. argue D. doubt15. A. afraid B. tired C. proud D. sure16. A. fallen B. hidden C. left D. stayed17. A. funniest B. politest C. strongest D. slowest18. A. continued B. insisted C. focused D. managed19. A. divided B. turned C. counted D. formed20. A. signs B. address C. routes D. size21.Going GreenFour students are sharing their experience about living a greener life on the school board.Their schoolmates can read the passages and get some advice for their own lives.Please choose the proper passage for each of the following students.(1) Tom is interested in the activities of sorting waste in his neighborhood.He can get some ideas from ______(2) Cindy has found lots of old clothes in her house.She plans to make good use of them.She can learn from ______ .(3) Peter likes traveling.He wants to travel green this summer holiday.He can get some informationfrom ______ .OA Truly Fresh StartI'm Benjamin and I hate moving!Everything was packed up and moved to a new home.Mom introduced me to our new neighbors,the Zatos.They said it was a fresh start,but it seemed broken to me.The next day,I stayed alone while Mom was working in the next room.I felt hungry,so I opened the packed boxes to find a clean plate.Something that I picked up suddenly slipped away from my fingers.With a loud crash,I saw shards(陶瓷碎片)flying everywhere on the floor."Benjamin!What just broke" Mom cried from the doorway.Then,I realized that I broke Grandma's bowl which was put out only during special time like Christmas. "Why couldn't you have waited for me to unpack?"Mom shouted.I said sorry but got no answer.I tried to match the pieces,but it didn't work. After a while,Mom said,"I'm sorry.Please just throw them out.We can't make a fresh start with broken things. "I took the broken bowl out and met Mr.Zato. "Are you sure you want to throw it out"he asked."It's broken,"I said,"This was all my fault(过错). ""Benjamin,that isn't anyone's fault.Besides,this is a simple e.I'll show you," said Mr.Zato. Mr.Zato spread the broken pieces out on the desk.He turned the pieces to find each match.After that,he filled in the crack(裂纹)lines with shining gold powder and paint.When he finished,the bowl looked completely different.I could hardly see where it was broken and it became so nice to look at."This bowl has been broken,repaired,and is stronger now," said Mr.Zato.When I came home,I showed Mom the bowl.She held it in her hands and said excitedly,"It's so beautiful because the bowl is just like our new home and it is new and stronger now. "22. Benjamin felt very ______ about the bowl he broke in his new home.A. unluckyB. sorryC. unfairD. curious23. To deal with the pieces of the bowl,Mom asked Benjamin to ______ .A. ask for Mr.Zato's helpB. match them togetherC. throw them out of the houseD. offer them to the Zatos24. We can learn from the passage that ______ .A. Mr.Zato set a good example for starting a new lifeB. Benjamin corrected his mistake with Mr.Zato's helpC. Mr.Zato promised to teach Benjamin the special skillD. Benjamin's mom decided to move to another new placePAttitude towards ChatGPT's DevelopmentChatGPT has become one of the hottest topics in technology these days.As the new-generation talking AI,it is so good at giving out answers that people are using it to write papers,pass exams and correct computer codes(代码),all of which it can do within seconds.Some have even asked the chatbot for psychological counselling (心理咨询)or to create personalized weight-loss plans.What will the widespread use of similar AI tools mean for humans,and could they replace us?Having used ChatGPT and other GPT-based artificial intelligence programs in every field,we have found they have several advantages over us humans.Most notably with speed,ChatGPT can rapidly look through the whole internet-based database(数据库).It can then form sentences and summarize information almost as well as humans,and improve itself through deep learning.But there is one aspect in which ChatGPT,and indeed all the AIs,could never catch up with humans.The pursuit(追求)of happiness is what basically distinguishes humans from AIs.That might sound grandiose,but that happens in both daily life and over the course of human history.For example,as individuals,we work hard so as to earn money for a bigger apartment or a new car,for the purpose of improving our living standards.It is similar for human society as a whole.People grew tired of walking on foot,so means of transport were developed using wheels,carts and carriages,then trains and cars.People dreamed of flying in the sky and to the moon,so planes and spacecrafts were invented.In a sense,it is people's wishing for a life better than the present that pushes human history forward.That applies(适用)to the development of AI.But ChatGPT,or any AI,is basically only a pile of code,written as a means to solve problems.To solve problems is the only reason for AI to exist.But they cannot raise problems to solve,which made it impossible to improve independently.AI has been created as a tool to provide service to make people's lives better,as part of the whole efforts of improving lives.That's one reason why there is no need,at least at present,to worry about AIs replacing humans.25. According to the passage,the new generation of AI is able to ______ .A. make sentences and express different emotions as humansB. make self-development plans to enjoy happiness in its lifeC. raise problems on its own and solve them in a few secondsD. provide plenty of service to meet the needs of our humans26. The word " distinguishes" in Paragraph 3 probably means" ______ ".A. protectsB. preventsC. recognizesD. challenges27. What does Paragraph 4 mainly tell us?______A. The technology of AI has kept on pushing our human history forward.B. AI has made great progress in building its powerful database by itself.C. Humans have created AI as a tool to make their lives better and better.D. AI has more opportunities to grow up without any help from humans.QToday,there are many ads on social media and most ads are impossible to avoid,especially when people follow some famous influencers.The influencers are Internet celebrities(名人)with lots of social media followers,and their posts can influence lots of people.The new data from a research made by a teen researcher shows that these influencers promote(推销)more unhealthy foods and drinks than other celebrities.The new findings come from Nyasha Nyoni,17.Nyasha is an athlete who likes cooking in the kitchen.Being healthy is important to her.She used to look at food and drink ads on mainstream (主流)media. "I thought it would be interesting to look at social media," Nyasha says,"because it's a newer technology and it is growing so quickly. "Social-media platforms are often paid to promote foods and drinks.Nyasha wondered how healthy those products were,so she chose to make a research about it.First,Nyasha needed a list of Internet celebrities' accounts(账号) .She picked 100 athletes from a Forbes list of the world's highest-paid athletes.Her list of 100 musicians came from Billboard's hot 100 songs.And she picked 100 biggest influencers on social media.Nyasha looked through their posts about promoting foods and drinks in 2019 and 2020.It turns out that the influencers promoted more snack products than other groups.Snacks were the unhealthiest food on social media.Nyasha was surprised by the result of her research.It didn't match up with her experience or otherstudies.She'd expected influencers to promote more diet-related products.However,snacks were the most popular type of products by all three groups.Fruits,vegetables and water were least promoted. "These findings could encourage new social media rules to protect young users from unhealthy ads,"Nyasha says,"Nearly four out of every ten social media users are between the ages of 13 to 24.Influencers' ads may be especially alluring(有吸引力的)," she says,"The influencers may be seen as more relatable than mainstream celebrities.As a result,young users may have fewer doubts about the products they promote".This study has changed the way Nyasha sees her own social media.She has unfollowed some people who pushed unhealthy habits.She honestly thinks everyone should do that.Young users should get to construct(建构)their own social-media feeds to make that online space as healthy and positive as possible.28. Nyasha Nyoni did the new research in order to find out ______ .A. what the most popular ads were among young users on the social mediaB. how healthy the online foods and drinks promoted by influencers wereC. which kind of foods and drinks was the best-seller on mainstream mediaD. why Internet celebrities promoted foods and drinks on the social media29. According to the passage,Nyasha suggested that ______ .A. influencers should not be paid to promote any kind of products onlineB. elderly people must stop eating unhealthy food from the social mediaC. a new law would be made to protect influencers from their followersD. young users should keep away from the unhealthy social-media feeds30. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?______A. Nyasha was surprised that snacks were mostly promoted by three groups.B. Influencers were eager to promote more diet-related products than others.C. Nyasha has followed the posts of the celebrities for more than four years.D. Mainstream celebrities were likely to be more attractive to the young users.31. What's the writer's main purpose in writing this passage?______A. To warn influencers not to post unhealthy ads on social media any more.B. To point out the bad effects of following influencers on the social media.C. To encourage young users to buy foods and drinks in mainstream media.D. To show some differences between social media and the mainstream ones.32.Object-based LearningThe standard school field trip often includes an outing to a museum,but a new resource provides guidance on how to bring a museum into the classroom.As part of the Mobile Museum Project,the Royal Holloway,University of London,and the Kew Royal Botanic Gardens teamed up to help create school museums.The project,which can be used for any age group,turns the traditional understanding of a museum on its head.The primary aim of object-based learning should be to learn from rather than about objects.Asking questions such as,"What do you want people to learn and why?" and "Who are you hoping to attract and why"helps students make clear the purpose of the collection of theirobjects.Collecting the objects for the museum is a learning process in and of itself.Culturally significant objects,such as an old thing passed down through a family or a thing from a student's home country,can help students build a sense of historical understanding and empathy.Such a process can encourage students to think independently and critically,so this can make their mind quicker and sharper.When the students are gathered,they can practise thematic grouping by sorting the things into different categories(类别)before organizing the collection for final display.Students might be asked to create an explanatory PPT to show the relationship among the things.For example,a display description might try to discover the evolution(演变)of an object:wheat seeds to wheat seedings,to flour,and to flour products.Designing and writing labels(标签)provide the way to get storytelling into the learning process.The museum project is a broad framework that can be used to integrate(融合)different subjects.At the end of the project,students must be sure to collect advice,even criticism from each other.They can work together to explore what worked and what didn't work and what might be done differently next time.This gives students an opportunity to critically assess(评估)their own work.(1) Where is the museum created in the project?______(2) What do the students firstly need to do for the museum?______(3) How can the students get story-telling into the learning process?______(4) What do you think of the object-based learning?Why?(At least two reasons)______ 33. 假定你是李华,你的英国笔友Chris 对中国的校园文化(campus culture)很感兴趣,他给你发来邮件,询问你所在学校的校园环境和文化氛围,如学校宣传栏、楼道文化建设,以及开展的特色活动等。

2024北京大兴区初三一模英语试卷和答案

2024北京大兴区初三一模英语试卷和答案

2024北京大兴初三一模英 语2024.04考生须知1.本试卷共10页,共两部分,共38题,满分60分,考试时间90分钟。

2.在试卷和答题卡上准确填写学校名称、姓名和准考证号。

3.试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效。

4.在答题卡上,选择题用2B铅笔作答,其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。

5.考试结束,请将本试卷、答题卡和草稿纸一并交回。

第一部分本部分共33题,共40分。

在每题列出的四个选项中,选出最符合题目要求的一项。

一、单项填空(每小题0.5分,共6分)从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中,选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

1. Look! Some classmates are flying kites. Let’s join ________.A. themB. himC. youD. us2. Qingming Festival often falls ________ early April. It’s a good time to pick tea leaves.A. onB. inC. atD. to3. It’s going to rain. We must hurry to go home, ________ we will get wet.A. andB. soC. butD. or4. — ________ do you go to bookstore, Mary?—Twice a month.A. How oftenB. How farC. How longD. How soon5. — Must I hand in my poster on Friday?—No, you ________. You can hand it in next Monday.A. needn’tB. shouldn’tC. can’tD. mustn’t6. —Jack, which season do you like ________?—Spring, of course.A. goodB. wellC. betterD. best7. Last year the government ________ many AI classrooms for schools.A. buildsB. builtC. is buildingD. will build8. —What are you doing, Jack?—I ________ paper cutting through short videos.A. learnB. will learnC. was learningD. am learning9. We ________ up with more ideas if the teacher gives us more time in class.A. comeB. cameC. will comeD. have come10. Bob ________ a member of the school science club for two years.A. isB. wasC. has beenD. will be11. Journey to the West ________ in the 16th century by Wu Cheng’en.A. writesB. wroteC. was writtenD. will be written12. —Could you tell me ________?—She went there to do volunteer work.A. why did Miss Sun go to XinjiangB. why Miss Sun went to XinjiangC. when did Miss Sun go to XinjiangD. when Miss Sun went to Xinjiang二、完形填空(每题1分,共8分)阅读下面的短文,掌握其大意,然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择最佳选项。

2022北京大兴区初三一模数学试卷及答案

2022北京大兴区初三一模数学试卷及答案

2022北京大兴初三一模数学2022.05一、选择题(共16分,每题2分)第1-8题均有四个选项,符合题意的选项只有一个.1.“冰立方”是北京2022年冬奥会场馆之一,它的外层膜的展开面积约为260 000平方米,将260 000用科学记数法表示应为 A .60.2610⨯ B .42610⨯ C .62.610⨯ D .52.610⨯2.下列运算正确的是 A .235a a a ⋅= B. 236()ab ab = C. 235a a a += D .aa a =÷323.若∠α=40°,则∠α的补角的度数是 A .40°B .50°C .130°D .140°4.若一个多边形的内角和等于720°,则这个多边形的边数是 A .5 B .6 C .7 D .85.实数,a b 在数轴上的对应点的位置如图所示,下列结论中正确的是A .3−<aB . b a <C .0<+b a D .b a <6.掷一枚质地均匀的正方体骰子,骰子的六个面上分别刻有1到6的点数,掷得面朝上的点数为偶数的概率为A .16B .14C .13D .127.如图,AB 为⊙O 的弦,半径OC ⊥AB 于点D ,若AB =8,CD =2, 则OB 的长是A .3B .4C .5D . 68.某市煤气公司要在地下修建一个容积为410立方米的圆柱形煤气储存室.记储存室的底面半径为r 米,高为h 米,底面积为S 平方米,当h ,r 在一定范围内变化时,S 随h ,r 的变化而变化,则S 与h ,S 与r 满足的函数关系分别是A.一次函数关系,二次函数关系B.反比例函数关系,二次函数关系C.一次函数关系,反比例函数关系D.反比例函数关系,一次函数关系二、填空题(共16分,每题2分) 9.在函数11−=x y 中,自变量x 的取值范围是 . 10.分解因式:22mx my −= .11.如图,在ABC △中,D ,E 分别是AB ,AC 的中点,若2cm DE =, 则BC =cm .12.不等式组⎩⎨⎧<−<−12,03x x 的解集是.13.已知72°的圆心角所对的弧长为2π cm ,则此弧所在圆的半径是___________cm . 14.如图,△ABC 中,D ,E 分别是AB ,AC 边上一点,连接DE .请你添加一个条件,使△AED ∽△ABC ,则你添加的这一个条件可以是 (写出一个即可).15.在平面直角坐标系xOy 中,一次函数y=kx+1(k ≠0)的图象经过点(2,3),则k 的值为 .16.某游泳馆为吸引顾客,推出了不同的购买游泳票的方式.游泳票在使用有效期限内,支持一个人在一天内不限次数的进入到游泳馆进行游泳.游泳票包括一日票、三日票、五日票及七日票共四种类型,价格如下表:类型 一日票 三日票 五日票 七日票 单价(元/张)50130200270天不限次数的进入到游泳馆游泳,若决定从以上四种类型中购买游泳票,则总费用最低为 元. 三、解答题(共68分,第17-19题,每题5分,第20题4分,第21-23题,每题6分,第24题5分,第25—26题,每题6分,第27-28题,每题7分)解答应写出文字说明、演算步骤或证明过程. 17.计算:1)21(5830sin 2−−−++︒.18.解分式方程:212423=−−−x x x .19.已知0122=−−x x ,求)3(2)1)(1(−+−+x x x x 的值.EAD20.下面是小云设计的“利用等腰三角形和它底边的中点作菱形”的尺规作图过程.已知:如图,在△ABC 中,BA=BC ,D 是AC 的中点.求作:四边形ABCE ,使得四边形ABCE 为菱形.作法:①作射线BD ;②以点D 为圆心,BD 长为半径作弧,交射线BD 于点E ;③连接AE ,CE ,则四边形ABCE 为菱形.根据小云设计的尺规作图过程.(1)使用直尺和圆规,补全图形;(保留作图痕迹)(2)完成下面的证明.证明:∵点D 为AC 的中点,∴ AD =CD . 又∵ DE =BD ,∴四边形ABCE 为平行四边形( )(填推理的依据). ∵BA=BC , ∴□ABCE 为菱形()(填推理的依据).21.已知关于x 的方程22290x mx m −+−=. (1)求证:此方程有两个不相等的实数根;(2)设此方程的两个根分别为1x ,2x ,若126x x +=,求m 的值.22.如图,在平行四边形ABCD 中,点E ,F 分别是AB ,CD 上的点,CF =BE .(1)求证:四边形AEFD 是平行四边形;(2)若∠A =60°,AD =2,AB =4,求BD 的长.23.某景观公园内人工湖里有一组喷泉,水柱从垂直于湖面的喷水枪喷出,水柱落于湖面的路径形状是一条曲线. 现有一个垂直于湖面的喷水枪,在距喷水枪水平距离为x 米处,水柱距离湖面高度为y 米.经测量得到如下数据:(1)如下图,在平面直角坐标系xOy 中,描出了上表中y 与x 各对对应值为坐标的点. 请根据描出的点,画出这条曲线;(2)结合所画曲线回答:①水柱的最高点距离湖面约米;②水柱在湖面上的落点距喷水枪的水平距离约为米;(3)若一条游船宽3米,顶棚到湖面的高度2米,为了保证游客有良好的观光体验,游船需从喷泉水柱下通过,如果不计其他因素,根据图象判断 (填“能”或“不能”)避免游船被喷泉喷到.24.如图是甲、乙两射击运动员的10次射击训练成绩的折线统计图.观察折线统计图回答: (1)甲的中位数是 ; (2)10次射击成绩的方差2甲S 2乙S (填“>”,“=”或“<”),这表明 (用简明的文字语言表述).25.如图,A 是⊙O 上一点,BC 是⊙O 的直径,BA 的延长线与⊙O 的切线CD 相交于点D ,E 为CD 的中点,AE 的延长线与BC 的延长线交于点P .(1)求证:AP 是⊙O 的切线;(2)若OC =CP ,AB =23,求CD 的长.26.在平面直角坐标系xOy 中,已知关于x 的二次函数622+−=ax x y . (1)若此二次函数图象的对称轴为x =1. ①求此二次函数的解析式;②当x≠1时,函数值y5 (填“>”,“<”,“≥”或“≤”);(2)若a <-2,当-2≤x ≤2时,函数值都大于a ,求a 的取值范围.27.已知:如图,OB =BA ,∠OBA =150°,线段BA 绕点A 逆时针旋转90°得到线段AC . 连接BC ,OA ,OC ,过点O 作OD ⊥AC 于点D .(1)依题意补全图形; (2)求∠DOC 的度数.28.在平面直角坐标系xOy 中,⊙O 的半径为1,已知点A ,过点A 作直线MN .对于点A 和直线MN ,给出如下定义:若将直线MN 绕点A 顺时针旋转,直线MN 与⊙O 有两个交点时,则称MN 是⊙O 的“双关联直线”,与⊙O 有一个交点P 时,则称MN 是⊙O 的“单关联直线”,AP 是⊙O 的“单关联线段”. (1)如图1,A (0,4),当MN 与y 轴重合时,设MN 与⊙O 交于C ,D 两点.则MN 是⊙O的“ 关联直线”(填“双”或“单”);ADAC的值为 ; (2)如图2,点A 为直线y =−3x +4上一动点,AP 是⊙O 的“单关联线段”.①求OA 的最小值;②直接写出△APO 面积的最小值.图2参考答案一、选择题(共16分,每题2分)第1-8题均有四个选项,符合题意的选项只有一个.二、填空题(共16分,每题2分)三、解答题(共68分,第17-19题,每题5分,第20题4分,第21-23题,每题6分,第24题5分,第25-26题,每题6分,第27-28题,每题7分)解答应写出文字说明、演算步骤或证明过程. 17.解:12sin 301)25(−︒+−−12522=⨯+−………………………………………………4分=………………………………………………5分18.解:312422−=−−x x x 312(2)22−=−−x x x ………………………………………………1分 322−=−x x ………………………………………………2分223−−=−−x x 35−=−x 53=x ………………………………………………4分经检验,53=x 是原方程的解. ………………………………………………5分所以原方程的解为53=x .19.解:()()()1123x x x x +−+−=22126x x x −+−………………………………………………2分 =2361x x −−.………………………………………………3分 当2210x x −−=时,221x x −=.……………………………………4分原式=()23213112x x −−=⨯−=.……………………………………5分20.解:(1)补全的图形如图所示………………………………………………2分(2)对角线互相平分的四边形是平行四边形. ………………………………3分有一组邻边相等的平行四边形是菱形. ………………………………4分21.(1)证明:∵22(2)4(9)m m ∆=−−−…………………………………………1分=36>0,∴此方程有两个不相等的实数根.………………………………2分(2)解:∵由求根公式可得x , ∴3x m =±.∴13x m =−,23x m =+. ………………………………………………4分 ∵126x x +=, ∴336m m −++=. 解得m =3.………………………………………………6分22.(1)证明:∵四边形ABCD 是平行四边形,∴AB ∥CD 且AB=CD . ……………………………………………1分 ∵CF =BE , ∴AE=DF .……………………………………………2分∴四边形AEFD 是平行四边形. …………………………………3分(2)解:过点D 作DG ⊥AB 于点G .∵AB =4,AD =2. 在Rt △AGD 中,∵90,60,∠=︒∠=︒AGD A AD =2, ∴cos 601=⋅︒=AG AD. sin 60=⋅︒=DG AD ∴3=−=BG AB AG . 在Rt △DGB 中,∵90,3,∠=︒==DGB DG BG∴==DB (6)分GFEDCBA23.(1)…………………2分(2)①3…………………3分②6.9…………………5分(3)能…………………6分24.解:(1)9………………………………………………1分(2)<………………………………………………3分甲的成绩比乙稳定………………………………………………5分 25.(1)证明:连接AO ,AC .∵BC 是⊙O 的直径,∴90BAC CAD ∠=∠=︒.……………………………1分 ∵E 是CD 的中点, ∴AE DE CE ==. ∴∠=∠ECA EAC . ∵OA =OC , ∴∠=∠OAC OCA . ∵CD 是⊙O 的切线,∴CD ⊥OC .………………………………………………2分 ∴90ECA OCA ∠+∠=︒. ∴90EAC OAC ∠+∠=︒. ∴OA ⊥AP . ∵A 是⊙O 上一点,∴AP 是⊙O 的切线.………………………………………………3分(2)解:由(1)知OA ⊥AP .在Rt △OAP 中,∵90∠=︒OAP ,OC=CP=OA ,即OP =2OA , ∴sin ∠P 12==OA OP.∴30P ∠=︒.………………………………………………4分 ∴60∠=︒AOP . ∵OC=OA ,∴△AOC 为等边三角形, ∴60ACO ∠=︒. 在Rt △BAC 中,∵90BAC ∠=︒,AB=,60ACO ∠=︒,∴2tan ==∠AB AC ACO .又∵在Rt △ACD 中, 90∠=︒CAD ,9030∠=︒−∠=︒ACD ACO ,∴2cos cos30===∠︒AC CD ACD .……………………………6分 26.解:(1)①∵12bx a=−=∴2121a−−=⨯………………………………………….1分 ∴1a =二次函数解析式为:226y x x =−+………………………………………….2分②>……..…………………………………...3分(2)226y x ax =−+()()22222266x ax a a x a a =−+−+=−+−当2a <−2x =−,函数的最小值为104y a =+…………………………………………4分由于函数图象开口向上,∴在-2≤x ≤2时,y 随x 的增大而增大 ∴10+4a >a ∴103a >−∴a 的取值范围是1023a −<<−…………………………………………6分27.(1)分(2)过点A 作AE ⊥BO 于E .∴∠AEB =90º,∵∠ABO =150°,∴∠ABE=30º,∠BAE =60º,又∵BA =BO ,∴∠BA O =∠B O A=15º,∴∠OAE =75º,∵∠BAC =90°,∴∠DA O =∠BAC-∠BA O =90°-15°=75º,∴∠OAE =∠DA O ,∵OD ⊥AC 于点D ,∴∠AEO =∠ADO =90º,∴△AOE ≌△AOD ,..............................................................4分 ∴AE =AD ,在Rt △ABE 中,∠ABE=30º,∴12AE AB =,又∵AB =AC ,∴1122AE AD AB AC ===,∴AD =CD ,又∵∠ADO =∠CDO =90º,∴△ADO ≌△CDO ,.............................................................6分 ∴∠DCO =∠DA O =75º,∴∠DOC =15º...............................................................7分 28.(1)双;…………………………………………1分35或53…………………………………………3分(2)①设直线34y x =−+与y 轴,x 轴分别交于点C 和点D ,∴C (0,4)和D (43,0)由勾股定理得CD 分 过点O 作OA ⊥CD 于点A . ∵=COD COD S S ∆∆∴443OA⨯=∴OA =………………………5分∴OA②10…………………………7分。

2024北京大兴区初三一模道法试卷和答案

2024北京大兴区初三一模道法试卷和答案

2024北京大兴初三一模道德与法治2024.04考生须知1.本试卷共8页,共两部分,20道小题。

满分70分。

考试时间70分钟。

2.在试卷和答题卡上准确填写学校名称、班级、姓名和准考证号。

3.试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效。

4.在答题卡上,选择题用2B铅笔作答,其他题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。

5.考试结束,请将本试卷、答题卡一并交回。

第一部分 选择题(30分)选择题部分共15道小题,每小题2分,共30分。

每小题只有一个选项最符合题意。

1.中国空间站建造完成后,登陆月球成为中国人探索太空的下一个目标。

2024年2月,我国载人月球探测任务新飞行器名称正式确定。

新一代载人飞船命名为“____”,月面着陆器命名为“____”。

A.梦舟玉兔B.梦舟揽月C. 揽月梦舟D.揽月玉兔2.对右图漫画理解正确的是①情绪复杂多变,掩饰负面情绪②转换思考角度,合理调控情绪③正确认识挫折,增强生命韧性④学会依赖外力,发掘生命力量A.①③B.①④C.②③D.③④3.临近毕业,以下是某同学的生涯规划书。

生涯规划书(节选)一、自我分析我性格内向、做事认真。

老师给我的建议是多与人交往……二、规划目标(一)短期目标:努力学习,查缺补漏,完善自我(二)长期目标:了解社会需求,用勤劳和汗水开辟美好前程该同学的生涯规划书启示我们①要多方面、多途径客观地认识自己②做好职业准备,决不调整规划目标③树立高远志向,就能实现人生价值④编织人生梦想,努力就有改变A.①②B.①④C.②③D.③④4.2024年1月1日起施行的《未成年人网络保护条例》,是我国首部专门性的未成年人网络保护综合立法,标志着我国未成年人网络保护法治建设进入新阶段。

它在《中华人民共和国个人信息保护法》等规定的基础上,进一步健全未成年人个人信息保护规则、完善网络欺凌防治机制等。

这一做法有助于①推进依法治国,建设社会主义法治国家②加强网络保护,促进未成年人健康成长③青少年提高媒介素养,理性参与网络生活④在网络世界里,杜绝青少年的不良行为A.①②③B.①②④C.②③④D.①③④5.中华优秀传统文化让我们感受到磅礴的精神力量。

2024年北京大兴区初三一模考试物理及答案

2024年北京大兴区初三一模考试物理及答案

2024北京大兴初三一模物 理2024.04一、单项选择题(下列各小题均有四个选项,其中只有一个选项符合题意。

共24分,每小题2分) 1.下列学习用具中,通常情况下属于导体的是A .塑料笔杆B .布质笔袋C .橡皮D .钢尺 2.图1所示的光现象中,由光的反射形成的是3. 图2所示的四个实例中,目的是为了增大摩擦的是4.古诗“忽闻水上琵琶声,主人忘归客不发”中作者能分辨出演奏的乐器是琵琶,是根据声音的 A .响度 B .音调 C .频率 D .音色5.图3所示的四个物态变化的实例中,属于凝华的是考 生 须 知 1.本试卷共8页,共五道大题,27道小题,满分70分,考试时间70分钟。

2.在答题卡上准确填写学校名称、姓名和准考证号。

3.试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效。

4.在答题卡上,选择题用2B 铅笔作答,其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。

民间艺术“皮影戏” A 景物在水中的倒影 B筷子在水中“弯折”C白光通过三棱镜色散D图1行李箱下面装有轮子A在轴承中安装滚珠B汽车轮胎上有凸起的条纹C给自行车加润滑油D图26.关于家庭电路和安全用电,下列说法中正确的是A.更换灯泡前应断开电源开关B.用电器电线的绝缘皮破损了仍能继续使用C .使用测电笔时,手不能接触笔尾的金属体D.空气开关跳闸,一定是由于电路总功率过大7.如图4所示,小车从斜面上某一位置开始加速下滑,到达水平面后开始减速,最终停止在水平面上某一位置。

下列说法中正确的是A.小车在水平面上运动时,运动状态不变B.运动的小车会停下来,说明物体的运动需要力来维持C .小车在斜面上运动时,重力势能减少,动能减少D.小车在斜面上运动时,重力势能减少,动能增加8.利用如图5所示的实验装置比较水和食用油的吸热能力,使用相同规格的电加热器分别对质量相同的水和食用油进行加热(不计热量损失)。

下列说法中正确的是A.加热相同的时间,食用油吸收的热量比水多B.加热相同的时间,食用油升高的温度多,说明食用油的吸热能力强C.升高相同的温度,食用油比水用时短,说明食用油的吸热能力强D.食用油的温度升高,内能增大,是用热传递的方式改变内能的9.把小车放在光滑的水平桌面上,向挂在小车两端的托盘里各加一个质量相同的砝码,小车处于静止状态,小车受到的两个拉力在同一直线且与桌面平行,如图6所示。

2024届北京市大兴区高三下学期一模物理试题(基础必刷)

2024届北京市大兴区高三下学期一模物理试题(基础必刷)

2024届北京市大兴区高三下学期一模物理试题(基础必刷)一、单项选择题(本题包含8小题,每小题4分,共32分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的)(共8题)第(1)题2023年7月10日,经国际天文学联合会小行星命名委员会批准,中国科学院紫金山天文台发现的、国际编号为381323号的小行星被命名为“樊锦诗星”。

如图所示,“樊锦诗星”绕日运行的椭圆轨道面与地球绕日运行的圆轨道面间的夹角为20.11度,轨道半长轴为3.18天文单位(日地距离为1天文单位),远日点到太阳中心的距离为4.86天文单位。

则()A.“樊锦诗星”绕太阳一圈大约需要2.15年B.“樊锦诗星”在远日点的速度大于地球的公转速度C.“樊锦诗星”在远、近日点的速度大小之比为D.“樊锦诗星”在近日点的加速度大小与地球的加速度大小之比为第(2)题如图所示的容器中, A,B处各有一个可自由移动的活塞,活塞下面是水,上面是大气,大气压恒定,A,B的底部由带阀门K的管道相连,整个装置与外界绝热,原先A中水面比B中高,打开阀门,使A中的水逐渐向B中流,最后达到平衡,在这个过程中( )A.大气压力对水做功,水的内能增加B.水克服大气压力做功,水的内能减少C.大气压力对水不做功,水的内能不变D.大气压力对水不做功,水的内能增加第(3)题哈尔滨冰雕是黑龙江省非遗项目,今年冰雪大世界展出的冰雕中有一块边长为1m的立方体冰块,如图所示。

该冰块底层不透光,底面中心处有一红光点光源O,观赏者看到冰块的上表面刚好全部被照亮,不考虑光在冰块内部的多次反射。

则红光在该冰块中的折射率为( )A.B.C.2D.第(4)题一质点做简谐运动,其相对于平衡位置的位移x与时间t的关系图线如图所示,由图可知( )A.该简谐运动的周期是振幅是7cmB.该简谐运动的表达式可能为C.时振子的速度最大,且方向向下D.时振子的位移为第(5)题一列横波在某介质中沿轴传播,如图甲所示为时的波形图,如图乙所示为处的质点的振动图像,已知图甲中、、两质点的平衡位置分别位于、、,则下列说法正确的是( )A.该波应沿轴负方向传播B.时质点的加速度为零C.在时刻,质点的位移为20cmD.从时刻到时刻,质点通过的路程为60cm第(6)题一物块以某一初速度从倾角的固定斜面底端上滑,到达最大高度处后又返回斜面底端,已知物块下滑时间是上滑时间的3倍,取=1.73,则物块与斜面间的动摩擦因数为()A.0.1B.0.29C.0.46D.0.58第(7)题一定质量的理想气体从状态开始分别经过等温膨胀和绝热过程,到达状态和,、状态的体积相同,则( )A.状态的内能等于状态B.状态的内能小于状态C.与过程对外做功相等D.过程吸收的热量大于过程对外做的功第(8)题2023年12月11日消息,北斗在国内导航地图领域已实现主用地位,每天使用次数超过3600亿次。

【区级联考】北京市大兴区2024届高三下学期第一次模拟考试理综物理试题

【区级联考】北京市大兴区2024届高三下学期第一次模拟考试理综物理试题

【区级联考】北京市大兴区2024届高三下学期第一次模拟考试理综物理试题一、单项选择题(本题包含8小题,每小题4分,共32分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的)(共8题)第(1)题下列说法正确的是()A.物体做匀速运动时机械能一定不变B.作用力与反作用力做的功大小一定相等C.合外力对物体做正功,物体的机械能可能减少D.只有重力和弹簧的弹力对物体做功,物体的机械能一定守恒第(2)题有边长为a的正方形均匀铜线框abcd,在铜线框的右侧有一边界为等腰直角三角形区域,该区域内有垂直纸面向里的匀强磁场,两直角边的边长也为a,且磁场的下边界与线框的ad边处于同一水平面上,现线圈以恒定的速度v沿垂直于磁场左边界的方向穿过磁场区域,如右图所示。

设ab刚进入磁场为t=0时刻,则在线圈穿越磁场区域的过程中,ab间的电势差U ab随时间t变化的图线是下图中的( )A.B.C.D.第(3)题如图所示,水平放置的轻质绝缘弹簧左端固定在竖直墙壁上,右端连接一放置在光滑绝缘水平面上的带正电小球,水平面上方存在水平向右的匀强电场。

初始时弹簧处于压缩状态,将小球由静止释放,小球运动过程中弹簧始终在弹性限度内,则在小球向右运动的过程中( )A.弹簧恢复原长时,小球的速度最大B.弹簧恢复原长时,小球的加速度为零C.小球运动到最右端过程,弹簧的弹性势能变化量为零D.小球运动到最右端时,弹簧的弹性势能比初始时的大第(4)题在图1中,运动员落地总是要屈腿,在图2中两人在冰面上,甲推乙后,两人向相反方向滑去,在图3中运动员用球棒把垒球以等大速率击打出去,在图4中一小物块与水平圆盘保持相对静止一起做匀速圆周运动,则下列说法正确的是( )A.图1目的是为了减小地面对人的作用力B.图2中甲对乙的冲量和乙对甲的冲量相同C.图3中球棒对垒球的冲量为零D.图4中小物块动量不变第(5)题某同学为测量地铁启动过程中的加速度,他把一根细绳的下端绑上一支圆珠笔,细绳的上端固定在地铁的竖直扶手上。

2024届北京市大兴区高三下学期一模全真演练物理试题

2024届北京市大兴区高三下学期一模全真演练物理试题

2024届北京市大兴区高三下学期一模全真演练物理试题一、单选题 (共7题)第(1)题天文学家于2022年1月6日发现了小行星2022AE1,对其跟踪观察并完善其轨迹发现,小行星2022AE1的直径约为,质量,运动轨迹为抛物线,它将会在2023年7月4日与地球擦肩而过。

把地球看作半径为R的均质球体,忽略地球的自转,地球表面的重力加速度大小为g,预计小行星2022AE1距地心为时的速度大小为,方向与它和地心连线所成的角为,如图所示。

已知小行星2022AE1的引力势能,式中r为行星2022AE1到地心的距离,小行星2022AE1与地心的连线在任意相等时间内扫过的面积相等,忽略其他天体的影响,据此可推测出()A.小行星2022AE1与地心的连线在单位时间内扫过的面积为B.小行星2022AE1距地球表面的最小距离为C.小行星2022AE1的最大速度为D.小行星2022AE1的最大加速度为第(2)题如图所示,足球场上画了一条以O为原点,以x轴为对称轴的抛物线,A、B为该抛物线上的两点。

体育老师要求学生在规定时间内不停顿地从抛物线的一端跑到另一端。

小张同学按要求完成该运动的过程中,可以肯定的是( )A.所受的合外力始终不为零B.x轴方向的分运动是匀速运动C.y轴方向的分运动是匀速运动D.通过A、B两点时的加速度相等第(3)题光刻机利用光源发出的紫外线,将精细图投影在硅片上,再经技术处理制成芯片。

为提高光刻机投影精细图的能力,在光刻胶和投影物镜之间填充液体,提高分辨率,如图所示。

则加上液体后( )A.紫外线进入液体后光子能量增加B.传播相等的距离,在液体中所需的时间变短C.紫外线在液体中比在空气中更容易发生衍射,能提高分辨率D.紫外线在液体中波长比真空中小第(4)题如图(a),在均匀介质中有和四点,其中三点位于同一直线上,垂直.时,位于处的三个完全相同的横波波源同时开始振动,振动图像均如图(b)所示,振动方向与平面垂直,已知波长为.下列说法正确的是()A.这三列波的波速均为B.时,处的质点开始振动C.时,处的质点向轴负方向运动D.时,处的质点与平衡位置的距离是第(5)题下列说法正确的是( )A.合外力冲量越大,物体速度变化率越大B.相对论和量子力学否定了牛顿运动定律C.金属热电阻和热敏电阻都是由金属制作成的D.匀速转动的电动机若线圈突然被卡住,则通过线圈的电流将增大第(6)题如图甲为交流发电机内部结构图,匝数为N的矩形线圈位置不变,磁铁绕轴转动后,线圈中生成正弦式交变电流如图乙所示,其电动势峰值为,周期为T,回路总电阻为R,则在时间内通过矩形线圈某一截面的电荷量为( )A.0B.C.D.第(7)题放射性元素A经过2次α衰变和1次β衰变后生成一新元素B,则元素B在元素周期表中的位置较元素A的位置向前移动了A.1位B.2位C.3位D.4位二、多选题 (共3题)第(1)题如图所示,一轻质弹簧的下端固定在水平面上,质量为1kg的小物块B置于轻弹簧上端并处于静止状态,另一质量为3kg的小物块A从小物块B正上方h=0.8m处由静止释放,与小物块B碰撞后(碰撞时间极短)一起向下压缩弹簧到最低点,已知弹簧的劲度系数k=100N/m,弹簧的弹性势能表达式(x为弹簧的形变量),重力加速度g=10m/s2,弹簧始终在弹性限度内,下列说法正确的是( )A.碰撞结束瞬间,小物块A的速度大小为1m/sB.碰撞结束瞬间,小物块A的加速度大小为7.5m/s2C.小物块A与B碰撞之后一起下落0.5m时的加速度大小为2.5m/s2D.小物块A与B碰撞之后一起下落过程中,系统的最大动能为22.5J第(2)题如图所示,质量均为m的A、B两物体叠放在竖直轻质弹簧上并保持静止,现用大小等于0.8mg的恒力F向上拉B,当运动距离为h时B与A恰好分离( )A.弹簧的劲度系数等于B.B和A刚分离时,弹簧为原长C.B和A刚分离时,B和A的加速度相同D.从开始运动到B和A刚分离的过程中,两物体的动能先增大后减小第(3)题“球鼻艏”是位于远洋轮船船头水面下方的装置,当轮船以设计的标准速度航行时,球鼻艏推起的波与船首推起的波如图所示,两列波的叠加可以大幅度减小水对轮船的阻力。

  1. 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
  2. 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
  3. 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。

北京市大兴区2016年中考模拟试卷语 文 说明1.本试卷共12页,满分120分。

考试时间150分钟。

2.本试卷共五道大题,含23道小题。

3.所有试题答案均写在答题卡上,考试结束上交答题卡。

一、基础•运用(共21分)1.阅读下面的文字,完成第(1)~(2)题。

(共4分)汉字书法被誉为无言的诗,无形的舞,无图的画,无声的乐。

它是借助“笔墨纸砚”“印章”“镇纸”“搁笔”等工具来抒发情感的一门艺术。

汉字书法字体,传统讲可分为篆书、隶书、草书、楷书和行书等五种。

篆书是传世最早的可识文字,风格古朴,笔画繁复,笔法瘦劲挺拔,直线较多;隶书是汉字中常见的一种庄重的字体,书写效果略微宽扁,横画长而直画短,讲究“蚕头雁尾”“一波三折”。

草书特点是结构简省,笔画连绵;楷书由隶书逐渐演变而来,形体方正,横平竖直;行书是在隶书的基础上发展起源的,介于楷书、草书之间的一种字体,是为了弥补楷书的书写速度太慢和草书的难于辨认而产生的。

(1)下面不属于“文房四宝”的一项是 (2分)A .湖笔B .徽墨C .镇纸D .端砚(2)下面对4幅书法作品所属字体判断正确的一项是 (2分)①②③ ④A .①篆书 ②隶书 ③草书 ④楷书B .①草书 ②隶书 ③篆书 ④楷书C .①篆书 ②楷书 ③草书 ④隶书D .①草书 ②楷书 ③篆书 ④隶书2.阅读下面的文字,完成第(1)~(2)题(共4分)清明节,据传始于古代帝王将相的“墓祭”之礼。

后来民间亦相仿效,于此日祭祖扫墓,历代沿袭而成为中华民族一种固定的风俗。

而寒食节是民间禁.火扫墓的日子,本来寒食节与清明节是两个不同的节日,到了唐朝,将祭拜扫墓的日子定为寒食节。

寒食节正确的日子是在冬至后一百零五天,约在清明前后,因两者日子相近,所以便将清明与寒食合并为一日,寒食也成为清明节的一个习俗。

自宋元至明清,清明节除了要祭扫家墓,还要在门楣、窗户上插上柳条。

(1)对文中加点字注音和对画线字笔顺的判断,全都正确的一项是(2分)A.禁(jīn)“仿”字的最后一笔是“横折钩”B.禁(jīn)“仿”字的最后一笔是“撇”C.禁(jìn)“仿”字的最后一笔是“撇”D.禁(jìn)“仿”字的最后一笔是“横折钩”(2)根据语意,将下列语句依次填入文中横线处,最恰当的一项是(2分)①达到人丁兴旺、身体健康的目的②于是在郊游踏青时③它便成了人类文化中生命力的象征④人们企盼将这种生命力转移到自家门庭和家庭成员身上⑤不会忘记顺便折一些柳条回来⑥由于柳树最先送来春的消息并且具有旺盛的生殖力A.⑥③④①②⑤ B.⑥④②⑤③①C.②④⑥③①⑤ D.②⑤①④⑥③3.2016央视猴年春晚开场,主持人给全国人民送上了五副春联,其中一副的上联是“蓝天日丽,九州千里秀”,与之相对应的下联应该是(2分)A.紫气东来,三秦织彩梦 B.碧海春融,两岸一家亲C.古都西望,一路展宏图 D.大地春回,草原锦绣天4.下面语段出自朱自清的散文《背影》。

根据语境,在【甲】【乙】【丙】处分别填写标点符号,正确的一项是(2分)我们过了江,进了车站。

我买票,他忙着照看行李。

行李太多了,得向脚夫行些小费才可过去。

他便又忙着和他们讲价钱。

我那时真是聪明过分,总觉他说话不大漂亮,非自己插嘴不可,但他终于讲定了价钱;就送我上车。

他给我拣定了靠车门的一张椅子;我将他给我做的紫毛大衣铺好座位。

他嘱我路上小心,夜里警醒些,不要受凉。

又嘱托茶房好好照应我。

我心里暗笑他的迂;他们只认得钱,托他们直是白托【甲】而且我这样大年纪的人,难道还不能料理自己么【乙】唉,我现在想想,那时真是太聪明了【丙】A.【甲】!【乙】!【丙】! B.【甲】!【乙】?【丙】!C.【甲】,【乙】!【丙】。

D.【甲】,【乙】?【丙】。

5.下面四首诗,各描写了中华民族的一个传统节日。

如果按节令的时间顺序依次排列,最恰当的一项是(2分)①中庭地白树栖鸦,冷露无声湿桂花。

今夜月明人尽望,不知秋思落谁家。

②千门开锁万灯明,正月中旬动帝京。

三百内人连袖舞,一时天上著词声。

③满衣血泪与尘埃,乱后还乡亦可哀。

风雨梨花寒食过,几家坟上子孙来?④银烛秋光冷画屏,轻罗小扇扑流萤。

天街夜色凉如水,卧看牵牛织女星。

A.③①②④ B.①③②④ C.②③④① D.②③①④6.按要求作答(共7分)(1)默写(任选3句)(3分)①征蓬出汉塞,。

(王维《使至塞上》)②,思而不学则殆。

(《论语•为政》)③长风破浪会有时,。

(李白《行路难》)④,到乡翻似烂柯人。

(刘禹锡《酬乐天扬州初逢席上见赠》)⑤持节云中,?(苏轼《江城子·密州出猎》)⑥,坐断东南战未休。

(辛弃疾《南乡子·登京口北固亭有怀》)(2)近水沙滩,鸳鸯休憩;向阳绿树,黄莺争鸣;湛蓝天空,春燕衔泥。

这些无不传播春回大地的喜讯,显示出春天的勃勃生机。

倘若你面对此情景,会想到哪句古诗?简要说说此种情景为什么会让你联想到这句古诗。

(4分)诗句:理由:二、文言文阅读(共10分)阅读下面【甲】【乙】两段文字,完成第7~9题。

【甲】臣(指乐毅)闻贤圣之君,不以禄私其亲,功多者授之;不以官随其爱,能当者处之。

故察能而授官者,成功之君也;论行而结交者,立名之士也。

臣以所学者观之,先王之举也,有高世主之心,故假节于魏,而以身得察于燕。

先王过举,厕之宾客之中,立之群臣之上,不谋于父兄,而使臣为亚卿。

臣自以为奉令承教,可以幸无罪矣,故受命而不辞。

(节选自《史记乐毅列传》)【乙】臣(指魏征)闻求木之长者,必固其根本;欲流之远者,必浚其泉源;思国之安者,必积其德义。

源不深而岂望流之远,根不固而何求木之长。

德不厚而思国之治,虽在下愚,知其不可,而况于明哲乎!人君当神器之重,居域中之大,将崇极天之峻,永保无疆之休。

不念居安思危,戒奢以俭,德不处其厚,情不胜其欲,斯亦伐根以求木茂,塞源而欲流长者也。

(节选自魏征《谏太宗十思疏》)7.解释下列语句中加点词的意思。

(3分)(1)不以.禄私.其亲 以: 私: (2)必固.其根本 固: 8.用现代汉语翻译下列语句。

(3分)(1)故察能而授官者,成功之君也 翻译:(2)必浚其泉源 翻译:9.结合两段选文,写出乐毅、魏征这些臣下在治理国家方面给君主的建议。

(4分)答:三、名著阅读(共10分)10.阅读下面的连环画,完成第(1)~(2)题。

(共4分) (1)连环画中有“侦探一把将瓦罐接过来,往墙上一碰.”一句。

当初祥子买到闷葫芦罐儿往里存钱时,心里说“这比什么都牢靠!多咱够了数,多咱往墙上一碰.;啪嚓,现洋比瓦片还得多!”这两个“碰”分别写出了祥子内心的 和 。

(2分)(2)在祥子“跳到王家”后,《骆驼祥子》原著中对祥子的心理有这样的描写:“买车,车丢了;省钱,钱丢了。

自己的一切努力只为别人来欺侮!”这里的“丢”其实是指 ;从后一句可以看出祥子认为 。

(2分)11.根据提示, 完成第(1)~(2)题。

(共6分)(1)在《论语》中,多处提到“君子”。

下面对“君子”的理解不恰当的一项是(2分)A.“人不知而不愠,不亦君子乎!”1.孙侦探押着祥子到他房里,硬逼着他拿钱买命。

祥子手哆嗦着,把闷葫芦罐儿从被子里掏出来。

侦探一把将瓦罐接过来,往墙上一碰。

祥子看着那些钱,心要裂开。

2.孙侦探把这些钱揣在怀里,又来翻祥子的身上,把虎妞前不久给祥子送来的三十多块钱也搜查出来了……3.因为没有地方去,才越觉得自己的窘迫。

在城里混了这几年了,只落得一身衣服和五块钱;连被褥都混没了!静寂的雪夜里,祥子在大街上待了很久。

4.他又来到曹家,回到被抢劫后的屋子。

破闷葫芦罐儿还在地上扔着,他拾起块瓦片看了看,照旧扔在地上,想起曹先生的嘱咐,扛起铺盖从后院跳到王家去了。

有学问有道德的人,即便不被别人理解,也不恼怒。

这显示了君子修养高,有风范。

B.“君子不重,则不威。

”君子不庄重就没有威严。

君子在任何时候都应该正襟危坐,不苟言笑,保持尊严。

C.“君子不器。

”君子不像器具那样,只有某一方面的用途。

这是主张君子应该具备多种才能技艺。

D.“君子周而不比,小人比而不周。

”君子团结不勾结,小人勾结不团结。

君子应该胸怀广阔,公正待人,不结党营私。

(2)被誉为英国第一部现实主义长篇小说的《鲁滨逊漂流记》,着力刻画了主人公鲁滨逊的形象。

他在一个荒无人烟的上生活了28年。

为了生存,他建造房屋,种植稻麦,等。

在这里的第17年和第26年,两次有野人来到这里,在后一次,他救出了一个俘虏,取名“”,后来成为鲁滨逊忠实的仆人和朋友。

小说中,主人公的所作所为体现了资产阶级上升时期的精神。

(4分)四、现代文阅读(共29分)(一)阅读下面两则材料,完成第12~14题。

(共7分)【材料一】北京新机场位于北京市大兴区榆垡镇、礼贤镇和河北省廊坊市广阳区之间,直线距离天安门46公里、首都机场67公里、天津机场85公里、河北石家庄机场197公里。

北京新机场本期工程按2025年客流量7200万人次、货邮量200万吨、飞行起降量62万架次的目标设计,主要建设机场、空管、供油及航空公司基地等工程。

其中,机场工程总投资790亿元,新建4条跑道、70万平方米的航站楼和各类保障设施。

在跑道设计上,新机场本期建设的4条跑道采用三纵一横“全向型”构型,这在国内尚属首次。

这种跑道构型适合京津地区的空中运行特点,为空管运行提供了多种可行方案,最大限度地利用了北京地区紧张的空域资源,减少航空器地面滑行时间,有利于提高空地一体运行效率,并减少了对周边区域的噪声影响。

在综合交通发展上,打造以新机场为核心的“五纵两横”综合交通主干网络,将公路、城市轨道交通、高速铁路、城际铁路等多种交通方式整合,以大容量公共交通为主导,形成具有强大区域辐射能力的地面综合交通体系。

北京新机场的筹建,预示着京津冀各个机场的分工将更加明确,真正实现协同发展。

北京新机场要建成大型国际航空枢纽,京津冀区域综合交通枢纽;北京首都机场要提升国际航空枢纽的国际竞争力,更好地服务首都;天津滨海机场要强化枢纽功能,大力发展航空物流;石家庄机场要培育为枢纽机场,积极发展航空快件集散及低成本航空。

(图1)(图2)【材料二】从地理位置来看,新机场处于京津冀主要城市之间的中心地带,是京津冀地区规划发展重点的叠加区和衔接区。

在当前京津冀协同发展的大背景下,依托新机场发展临空经济,有利于发挥产业集聚作用。

利用好河北省和天津市的资源条件和产业基础,引导北京部分交通物流、教育培训、商贸市场等服务功能向外疏解转移,打造新的经济增长极,带动周边区域发展。

新机场建设是京津冀协同发展中交通先行、民航率先突破的重大举措。

工程建成后,不仅能够缓解首都机场容量饱和的运行压力,满足北京及周边地区航空运输快速增长的迫切需要,提升我国民航业的国际竞争力,还将积极促进北京世界城市建设、推动京津冀一体化发展。

相关文档
最新文档