学位英语课件-介词

He spoke of this book the other day. 他 前些天提到这本书。
about on in
①表示“关于人或事 物的详细情形” ②作“关于”解
He talked about his family. 他谈到他 的家人。
①表示“论文；演讲 He has written a lot of books on the
介词(preposition)
▪ 介词是一种用来表示词与词, 词与句之间的 关系的词。介词后面一般有名词代词或相 当于名词的其他词类.
一.时间介词
1. in 年、月、季节及时间段（早、午、晚） on 具体某一天，星期、节日 at 钟点、节日、（一段时间）的起点
注意：at noon
在中午
at night
3.The teacher is writing on the paper __ red ink and the blackboard___a piece of chalk. A.with, with B. in ,with C.with ,in
4.Can you say it ___ English? A. in B. with C.by
after +时间段 在……之后， 多用于过去时
1. Mr Brown has gone to Canada.He will be back ___ two weeks.
A. for B. after C. in 2. Our manager came back ___ an hour.
A. in B. after C. at
You must write letters in ink. 你必须用墨水写信。
3 in 等动词通用； Can you answer it in
②做“用”解
English? 你会用英语回答 吗？
4)表示“原因、理由”的介词
介词
说明
例
句
1
from
①表示“外在”的原因 ②死因(车祸、受伤)
He was ill from overeating. 他因吃过多而生病了。 He died from the wound. 他因伤而致死。
A.at, in B. in, on C. in, at
三.方位介词 in 里面，排、行、组 on 左、右边 at 前、后部
1.We are ___Team One.I sit __the front of the classroom.Li Ping is ___my left. A.on, in , at B.in ,in ,at C.in, at, on
二.地点介词
1.on 在……的上面,与表面接触
over 在……的正上方,不接触表面
under 在……下面(是on,over的反义词)
1.Look!There is a bridge__the river.
A.on
B. over C.above
2.Can you see the egg ___ the plate?
A. on, in B. at, in C. at, on
4. We finish our lessons ___ 11:30 and then have a rest __ noon. A. in , in B. at ,at C. in, at
2. in + 时间段 在……之后（内），多用于将来时
等词连用，表示“著名、 He was punished for theft. 他因偷窃而受处罚。 处罚、奖赏等的理由”
5) 表示“标准或单位”的介词
介词
说明
例句
①表示程度、比率、 He drove at a speed of 60 miles an
价格、速度
hour. 他以每小时六十英里的速
1 at ②作“以、用”解 度行驶。
事。
Hangzhou is famous for its beautiful scenery. 杭州 ①表示“一般的理由” 因风景而闻名。 ②常与famous, noted, He was loved by all for his honesty. 他因诚实而受
3 for blame, punish, reward 大家喜爱。
They robbed him of his money. 他们抢了他的钱。
2
of
②作“夺取、减轻、免 除”解。
Illness deprived him of his happiness. 疾病夺去了他的幸 福。
7)表示“关于、涉及”的介词
介词
说明
例
句
of
①表示“关于人或事 物的存在” ②作“关于”解
3) 表示“材料”的介词
介词 说 明
例
句
1
of
用于成品与材 料的性质不变 时
The desk is made of wood. 这桌子是由木材制成的。
用于成品与材 2 from 料的性质已变
时
Wine is made from grapes. 酒是由葡萄酿制的。
①与write, speak, answer
或一切学术上的主题”history of China. 他写了很多有关中国
②作“讨论；论及” 历史的书。
解
Dr. Lee lectured on the atomic bomb.
作“在…方面”解
He takes an interest in science.
The country is rich in natural resources. 这个国家富有天然资源。
His father died of cancer. 他父亲死于癌症。
2
of
①表示“内在”的原因 ②死因(病、饿、渴)
You should be ashamed of such conduct. 这种行为 你应以为耻。 I’m sick of listening to his stories. 我厌倦他的故
in front of, in the front of在……前面
in front of…意思是“在……前面”，指甲物在乙 物之前，两者互不包括；其反义词是behind （在……的后面）。
in the front of 意思是“在…..的前部”，即甲物在 乙物的内部.反义词是at the back of…（在……范围 内的后部）。
四.表方式、方法、手段
1. in 用材料、语言 2. with 用工具、某物 3. by 用方式、方法、手段
1.My mother often go to work ___ bike. A. in B. on C. by
2.If you are able to get the tickets tomorrow, please tell me ___ phone. A. through B. by C. on
A.on
B.in
C.over
2. above 在……上方 below 在……下方,是above的反义词
1. The temperature will fall__zero at night. A.below B.above C.over
2.Suddenly there is a loud voice ___ the tree. A.below B.above C.on
on ②~边(紧邻) on Canada lies on the north of the U.S. 加拿大位于美国北边。
to ③~方(没接触)
to
France lies to the south of England. 法国位于英国南方。
2. across 表面穿过 through 中间穿过 1.The sunshine come into the room ___ the window. A. across B. through C. past 2.You can go ___ the road here. A. across B. through C. past 3.Can you swim ____ the river? A. across B. through C. past
(使…无法）
The rain prevented me from coming on time. 这场雨使我无 法准时到达。
A thief stole some books from that shop. 小偷从那个店偷了几 本书。
①常和rob, relieve, deprive, cure等动词连 用。
He bought it for ten yuan. 他用十 块钱买下它。 I paid ten yuan for the book. 我花 了十元买那本书。
6) 表示“分离、区别、夺取”的介词
介词
说明

例句
①表示“一般性的分离”
②keep
1 from
stop hinder … from prevent
Our teacher stands in the front of
the classroom
There are some flowers in front of the house
介词
说明
例
句
in ①~部(包含) in
Beijing is in the north of China. 北京在中国的北部。
2.They lived ____ the mountains in the past.
A. among B. between C. during
3.Don’t sit ____ the two girls.
A. among B. between C. during
2.except 除……之外，不包括 besides 除……之外，还包括 1.Everyone passed the exam ___ Tom. A.besides B.except C.for 2.__ MrLi,five teachers went to the meeting. A.Besides B.Except C. Beside
在夜间
in the morning 在早上
on the morning of July 1st
在七月一日的早上
on a rainy day 在雨天
1. Mary is flying to France soon. She will arrive in Paris ___ the morning of July 9.
3. in + 大地方 at + 小地 方 on +门牌，某层楼
1.My uncle live ___ F12 __the fifth floor. A.at, on B. in,on C.on, at
2.They arrived ___Beijing at 12:00 and waited for a bus ___ the station to the hotel.
五.其它介词
1.between
在两者之间
among 在……当中（三者或以上）
during 在……期间
1.Some supermarkets open __ 8:30 and
8:00 p.m.__ the Mid-Autumn Day.
A.at,duringB.between,duringC.between,in
③单价用at
He has sold his house at a high
总价用for
price. 他以高价出售他的房子。
①表示度量单位 2 by ②作“以….计”
①表示交换
3
for
②作“用(多少)钱” ③(buy; pay; sell) sth
for
Sugar is sold by the pound. 糖以磅 出售。 I rent the house by the month. 我 以月计租这房子。
A. on B. in C. at
2. The twins were born __ a Friday evening. A. in B. on C. at
3. We travelled overnight to Paris and arrived __5 o’clock __ the morning.