高考英语作文功能话题讲练三：地区的介绍 (2)

高考英语作文功能话题讲练三：地区的介绍
一、地理位置
(一)表示“位置”的句型：
①某地+is / lies + 地点状语。

某地位于…。

如：
The city lies across the river.这个大城市位于河的两侧。

②某地+be located/situated地点状语。

某地坐落于…。

如：
The new gymnasium is situated at the eastern of the city.
这座新体育馆位于城市的东边。

(二)表示“海拔”的句型：
某地+ lies + 数词+ metres above sea-level。

某地海拔…米。

如：
Xizang lies at an average of 4,000 metres above sea-level.
西藏平均海拔4000公尺
【单句翻译练习1】
◆中国位于亚洲东部，太平洋的西岸。

__________________________________________________________________
China lies in the east of Asia and on the western coast of the Pacific Ocean.
这个美丽的公园坐落于湖的沿岸。

___________________________________
The beautiful town is located along the shore of the lake.
♦这个村子坐落在群山之中。

________________________________________
The village lies among the mountains.
二、占地面积
(一)表示“占地面积”的句型：
①某地+ covers an area of ...。

某地占地…面积。

如：
The small town covers an area of 5 square miles. 小镇占地5平方英里。

②某地+ takes up + ... 。

某地占地…面积。

如：
Xingjiang takes up about one-sixth of our territory.
新疆占我国国土的六分之一。

③某地+ is + 数词+ long and +数词+单位词wide。

某地多长多宽。

如：
The garden is 30 metres long and 20 metres wide.
这花园长三十米, 宽二十米。

(二)常用度量单位：inch英寸，foot英尺, mile英里，millimetre 毫米，centimetre厘米, metre米, kilometers公里, square metres平方米, square kilometres 平方公里。

【单句翻译练习2】
◆我们学校占地120亩。

__________________________________________
Our school covers an area of 120 mu.
这个县全境东西长78公里，南北宽40公里。

_____________________________________________________________________
This county is 78 kilometres long from west to east and 40 kilometres wide from north to south.
三、人口状况
(一)询问“人口”：What’s th e population of + 某地? 这个国家有多少人口?
(二)表述“人口”的数量：
①某地+ has a large/small population。

某地人口众多/稀少。

②某地+ has a population of + 数词。

某地有…人口。

如：
This city has a population of more than 1,000,000.这个城市人口超过一百万。

③The population of + 地名is + 数词。

某地有……人口。

The rural population of the county is 400,000. 这个县的农村人口为40万。

④数词+ percent of the population are ... 。

百分之…的人口是…。

如：
Eighty percent of the population here are farmers.
百分之八十的人口是农民。

【单句翻译练习3】
◆这个村子有5000人, 大多数人为渔民。

__________________________________________________________________
The village has a population of 5000, most of whom are fishermen.
中国人口众多，有十三多亿人口。

__________________________________________________________________ China has a large population of 1,300,000,000.
四、历史背景
◆某地+ has a long history of ... years. 某地有…年的历史。

The old tower has a long history of 2000 years. 古塔有两千年的历史
某地+ is a ... place/ country with... history. 某地是具有…年历史的地方/国家。

Egypt is an Arabian country with a long history.
埃及是一个具有悠久历史的阿拉伯国家。

♦某地+ date back to / date from... 从…时就有的, 回溯到…,远在…年代。

The old town dates back to the late seventeenth century.
这座古城建于十七世纪后期。

【单句翻译练习4】
◆中国有五千年的悠久历史文明古国。

________________________________________
China is a civilized country with a long history of 5000 years.
伦敦始建于公元43年。

___________________________________________ London dates back to 43. A. D.
五、自然特点
(一)常用句型：
①某地+ be covered with + ....某地为……所覆盖。

This area is covered with glrassland. 这个地区为草原所覆盖。

②某地+ be made up of /consists of…某地由…组成。

如：
Sichuan Province is made up of a basin and some mountainous areas.
四川省是由一个盆地和山区组成。

(二)常用词语：continent大陆, mainland大陆，mountain山脉, plain 平原，grassland草原, desert沙漠，forest 森林，valley山谷地，island 岛，ocean大洋，peak山顶, 巅，slope 山坡，hill小山，rock 岩石，bank河岸，stream小溪，source源头，spring泉水，canal运河，lake 湖泊，pond池塘，basin盆地，coast 海岸，gulf 海湾，beach 海滩，shore海滩，tide 潮，wave 浪，shore海岸，strait 海峡，waterfall瀑布。

【单句翻译练习5】
◆这个岛的三分之一都是森林。

_____________________________________
One-third of the island is covered with forest.
海南省由海南岛和附近的小岛及广阔的海域组成。

_____________________________________________________________
Hainan Province consists of Hainan Island and neighbouring isles as well as wide sea areas.
六、资源特色
(一)常用的句型有：
①某地+ be rich in某地含有丰富的…，盛产…。

②某地+ be wealthy in某地富于…。

③某地+ produces sth. 某地出产…。

④某地+ be famous/well-known for 某地因…而闻名。

⑤The main agricultural products are...主要农产品是…。

⑥产品+stands in the world’s forefront. 某产品位居世界前列。

(二)常用词语：①natural resources自然资源, mineral 矿物，矿石②apple苹果，pear 梨，peach桃，grape葡萄, banana香蕉，watermelon西瓜，orange橙, 桔子，mango芒果，cherry樱桃，peanut花生，date枣, sugarcane甘蔗③zebra斑马，antelope 羚羊，deer鹿，giraffe长颈鹿，camel骆驼，elephant象，panda 熊猫，lion 狮，tiger虎，squirrel松鼠，bear 熊，monkey猴子，kangaroo 袋鼠，koala考拉，whale鲸，dolphin 海豚④coal煤, oil石油, gas煤气, gold黄金, silver银, copper铜，iron铁, steel钢。

⑤wheat小麦, corn玉米, grain谷物, rice稻米, potato马铃薯。

【单句翻译练习6】
◆灵台县主要农产品是小麦、玉米、豆类和马铃薯。

________________________________________________________________
The main agricultural products in Lingtai county are wheat, corn, bean and potato.
新疆有丰富的自然资源，以葡萄而闻名。

_____________________________
Xingjiang is rich is natural resources. It’s famous for grapes.
七、风景名胜
(一)列举“风景名胜”：
①There are many places of interest, such as... 有许多名胜，比如…。

There are quite a lot of places of interest in Xi’an, such as the Terracotta Warriors and Horses，the old City Wall and so on. 西安有许多名胜，比如兵马俑、古城墙等。

②某地+has many places of interest, among which is...某地有许多名胜，其中就有…。

Beijing has many places of interest, among whith is the Forbidden City.
北京有许多名胜，其中就有紫禁城。

(二)表述地区的特色：
①某地+ is famous / well-known for...。

某地因…而闻名。

Hangzhou is famous/well-known for its beautiful West Lake.
杭州以它美丽的西湖而著名。

②某地+ is famous /well-known as ...。

某地作为…而闻名。

北京作为中国的首都而闻名。

Beijing is famous as the capital of China.
【书面表达练习1】
根据以下内容写一篇100词左右的说明文，标题为“Australia”。

1. 澳大利亚位于太平洋的西侧，是大洋洲(Oceania)最大的国家，面积760万平方公里。

2. 人口稀少，只有1,000多万，多数集中在东部沿海地区。

3. 首都堪培拉（Canberra）风景秀丽。

4. 悉尼(Sydney)是澳大利亚最大城市。

有许多名胜，其中悉尼歌剧院(Opera House)闻名于世。

2000年奥运会就是在悉尼举行的。

【书面表达练习2】
请同学们写一篇短文介绍港口城市青岛，内容要求如下：
1、位于山东省东部。

2、以蓝色的大海，美丽的海滨而闻名，是避暑胜地。

3、每年夏天来自全国各地成千上万的人们到这里沿海漫步、游泳、购物、观赏秀丽景色。

4、近年来城市发生巨大变化，对发展我国对外贸易起重要作用，成为国际港口城市。

答案：
【单句翻译练习1】
◆ China lies in the east of Asia and on the western coast of the Pacific Ocean.
The beautiful town is located along the shore of the lake.
♦ The village lies among the mountains.
【单句翻译练习2】
◆ Our school covers an area of 120 mu.
This county is 78 kilometres long from west to east and 40 kilometres wide from north to south.
【单句翻译练习3】
◆ The village has a population of 5000, most of whom are fishermen.
China has a large population of 1,300,000,000.
【单句翻译练习4】
◆ China is a civilized country with a long history of 5000 years.
London dates back to 43. A. D.
【单句翻译练习5】
◆ One-third of the island is covered with forest.
Hainan Province consists of Hainan Island and neighbouring isles as well as wide sea areas.
【单句翻译练习6】
◆ The main agricultural products in Lingtai county are wheat, corn, bean and potato.
Xingjiang is rich is natural resources. It’s famous for grapes.
【书面表达练习1】
Australia
Australia, the largest country in Oceania, lies on the west coast of the Pacific. It covers an area of 7.6 million square kilometers. It has a small population of over 10 million. Most of its population live in the east of the country by the sea. Canberra, the capital of Australia, is a beautiful city. Sydney is the biggest city in Australia, which has many places of interest. The Opera House is well known all over the world. The 2000 Olympic Games were held in Sydney.
【书面表达练习2】
The city of Qingdao is in the east of Shangdong Province. It is famous for the blue sea and beautiful beaches. It is a wonderful place for summer holidays. Tens of thousands of people from all parts of the country visit Qingdao every summer. They walk along the beach, go swimming or do some shopping. They can see fine view of the city.
Great changes have taken place in Qingdao in the recent years. It has played an important part in the development of the foreign trade of our country. It has become an international port city。