词根归类表

词根归类速记
一．“方向，方位”词根
a- / ab- / ac- / ad- / af- / ag- / ap-….=to/on/for 往(前/上)….去，到达…；of/from从….而来ob- op- =to往(前/上)；against对着/反对…. up- =upward往上
ep- =upon在…上；midst在…之间；after在…之后；around在…附近
meta- =midst在…之中；after在…后面；beyond在…远处
medi- =midst在…中间
inter- =between/among在其间
en- em-；in- im- =into进入，within里面intro- / intra- =into/inwards向…内
e- ex- es- ec- =outside / out of出来extro- extra- =outside向…外
an- ant- ante- =before在…之前
pro- =before在…之前
pre- =before在…之前面
fore- = before在前
forth- =towards往前
post- =behind在…后面
retro- =backward向后
re- =①back 返回；②again重复；③against 反对
later- =side侧面
二．“否定”词根
i- il- ir- =negative否定
in- im- =negative否定
un- =negative否定
an- =negative否定
a- ab- =negative否定；away from远离；intensify加强
dis- =negative否定；apart分离；intensify加强
de- = negative否定；apart分离；downwards 向下；intensify加强
for- =away from远离，禁止
linqu- =leave离开
lips- =leave离别
cret- cern- =separate分离
ne- neg- =negative否定
non- =negative否定
neutr- =neither两者都不
nul- =nothing无
nihil- =虚/无
vac- van- void- =empty空
cav- =hollow空
mort- =death死亡
necro- =death死亡
tum- =swell肿胀
med- =cure治疗
sal- san- =whole痊愈
dys- =ill病；bad坏
mal- =ill病；bad坏
mis- =ill病；wrong错
err- =①err犯错②wander漂泊流浪
countr- counter- =opposite相反
contra- =against反对
anti- =against反对
ob- op- =①to往(前/上)；①against对着/反对re- =①again重复；②back 返回；③against 反对
with- =①separate分离；②against对抗
pseud- =false假
fict- fig- =feign假装
fall- fals- =deceive欺骗
三．“数，量”词根
semi- =half半
demi- =half半
hemi- =half半
uni- =one一
mono- =single单个
sol- =single单个；太阳
bi- =two两
di- =two两
du- duo- dou- =two两
dia- =①between二者之间；②through(首尾之间)穿过③across(对面之间)横过
twi- =two两
ambi- amphi- =①on both sides两边的②around四周的
tri- =three三
tetr- =four四
quadr- =four 四
penta- =five五
sex- =six六
hexa- =six六
sept- =seven七
oct- =eight八
dec- =ten十
cruc- =cross十字(叉)
hect- =hundred百
cent- =hundred百
milli- =thousand千
kilo- =thousand千
mult- =多
poly- =many多
pan- =all全部
omni- =all全部
al- =all全部
integr- =whole整体
holo- =whole整个
sal- san- =whole健全
per- =through总/通(per每一)
number- numer- =number数/count计算summ- =①highest最高；②sum总数
equ- =equal相等
is(o)- =equal相等
metr(o)- =measure 测量
mens- =measure测量
pens- pend- =①hang悬挂②weigh称重/衡量③pay支付
cal- =scale刻度
grav- =heavy重
preci- =price价格
val- vail- =①worth价值②strong强
tele- =far off远距离
brev- =short短
alt- =height高
bas- =low低
found- fund- =base底
macro-=large大
micro- =small小
magn- / mag- / maj- / max- =great伟大
min- =small小；prominent突出
四．“时间”词根
ann- anni- enni- =year年
jour- =day日
noct- nox- =night夜晚
chron- =time时间
tempor- =time时间
nov- =new新
neo- =new新
juven- =young年少
ev- =age年龄
sen- =old老
dur- =last持续
step- =orphaned(失去父/母) 后，继
五．“圈”词根
circum- =environment环绕，周围
peri- =around四周
cycl- circl- =circle圈
rot- =①wheel轮子②turn转
peri- =around四周
ambi- amphi- =①on both sides两边②around四周
sphere- =ball球
gl- =ball圆
greg- =collect聚集
lect- leg- =①gather集合②choose选择③speak说④read读
pand- =spread展开
tend- tens- tent- =stretch延展
spers- =scatter散开
六．“最”词根
ultim- =last最后
arch- =chief最高，第一
sum- = ①highest最高②sum总数
prem- prim- prin- =first首位
proto- =first首位
fin- =end末端
term- =boundary界限
limin- lim- =threshold门槛/开端；上下限
七．“程度”词根
pen- =most最多，接近
proach- proxim- =near接近
com- con- co- =together 共同
commun- =common共同的/公共的
sym- syn- syl- =①together一起，共同；②same 相同
homo- =same相同
heter- =different不同，other其他
alter- / ulter- / ali- =other其他
simil- sembl- =like类似
quasi- =partly不完全地，类似地pur- =pure纯粹的
purg- =purify净化
plen- plete- ple- pli- ply- =fill/full满
sat- =full充满
八．“超越”词根
ultra- =beyond超越
extra- =beyond超越
para- =beyond超越，远处；beside旁边；parallel平行，相似；假/伪；准备；出现trans- =beyond超越；through贯通；remove 转移
out- =beyond超过, 胜过
hyper- =above，beyond超越
super- supra- sur- =above/over 在、、、之上，超越
sub- suc- sup- sum- sur- =under在下面below低于less次secondary 副/次
hypo- =under下面/低于
vice- =in place of another副的，代替别人的人
九．“加强，使…成为”词根
a- =intensify加强
be- =intensify加强
de- =intensify加强
dis- =intensify加强
en- =intensify加强
十．“人”词根
anthrop- =man人类
hum- hom- =man人
vir- =male男人
dem- =people人民
popul- publ- =people人民
auto- =self自己
ego- =self我
idio- =①personal个人的②distinct独特的
propr- proper- =①one’s own自己的②proper适合的
priv- =①private私自的②deprive丧失
matr- =mother母亲
patr- =papa爸爸
ped- =①child小孩；②foot足
herit- her- =heir继承人
host- hospit- =①guest客人②stranger 陌生人
eth- =people人
the- =god神
dei- =god神
sacr- secr- sanct- =sacred神圣的
dyn- dynam- =power力量
potent- =power力量
ept- =power力量
fort =strong强大的
val- vail- =strong强大；value价值
milit- =soldier士兵
arm- =weapon武器
bell- =war战争
paci- =peace和平
reg- =①rule统治②king国王
dom- =rule统治
mand- mend- =order命令
order- ordin- =order顺序，命令
十一．“生命”词根
bio- =life生命
eco- =circumstance生态
spir- =breath呼吸
nat- =born 生
par- =bore出生
gen- =race种族；produce生殖，生产gam- =marriage婚姻
derm- =skin皮肤
oss- osteo- =bone骨头
carn- =flesh肉
corp- =body身体
sangui- =blood血
hem- =blood血
neur- nerv- =nerve神经
flor- =flower花
foli- =leaf叶子
herb- =grass草
radi- =root根；ray光线
semin- =seed种子
al- ol- ul- =nourish滋养
nutri- =nourish营养
cyn- =dog犬
cheval- =horse马
av- =bird鸟
pet- =①fly飞翔；②seek追求
quire- quest- quisit- =seek征求，询问
十二．“大脑”词根
cap- =①head头②capture抓memor- =remember记忆
soph- =wisedom智慧
ment- =think想；mind心智
anim- =breath呼吸；mind想法
dox- dogma- =opinion 观点
十三．“感觉器官”词根
am- =love爱
phil- =love爱
cord- =heart心
cure- =take care注意/关心
psych- =soul心灵
vol- volunt- =will意志，决心
sens- sent- =feeling感觉
passi- pati- path- =①suffer遭受②feelings感觉
palp- =touch触摸
tang- tag- tact- =touch接触
hilar- =happy高兴
grat- =please使高兴
plac- pleas- =please取悦/使高兴
dole- =grieve悲伤
alg- =pain痛苦
ang- =strangle使窒息
phob- =fear恐惧
tim- =fear害怕
ter- =frighten使惊吓
horr- =tremble颤抖
mir- =wonder惊讶
myst- =mystery 神秘
ocul- =eye眼睛
opt- =eye①眼睛②sight视力③choose选择④hope希望
sper- =hope希望
vid- vis- =see看见
spec- spect- =look看
test- =witness目击/证据
ess- est- =exist存在
fac- front-=face面
moll- =soft柔
temper- =moderate缓和/温和
十四．“生活”词根
viv- =live活的
vig- veg- =lively有活力
fest- =festival祝宴/节日
mor- =custom风俗/习惯
morph=form形式/形态form- =form形成/形态
mod- =manner方式
typ- =type类型
fam- =hungry饥饿
pan- =bread面包；past-=food食物
sal- =salt盐
coct- =cook煮，烹调
vor- =eat吞/吃
glu- =drinking喝水声
dorm- =sleep睡眠（冬眠）
somn- =sleep睡眠
hypno- =sleep睡觉
cumb- cub- =lie down躺下
soci- =①companion同伴；②associate结交
quit- =free自由
liber- =free自由
solv- solute- =loose松
lax- lyse- =loose松
十五．“好”词根
eu- =good优
ben- bon- =good棒
hap- =luck运气
dign- =worthy有价值的/有优点的
decim- =fitting适宜的
apt- =fit适应
propr- proper- =①proper适合的②one’s own 自己的
orn- =decorate装饰
ortho- =①right正确的②straight直的
ert- =erect直的
reg- rect- =right公正，straight正直的
ver- =ture真实
etym- =true真实
fid- =trust相信
cred- =believe相信
cert- =sure确信
sur- =①sure确定；②secure安全
十六. “工作”词根
labor- =work工作
oper- =work工作
fac- fect- fic- fict- =make制造/do做
fabr- =workman工人
fig- figure- =shape形状/塑造
erg- =work 运转/工作
act- ag- =①do做事；②drive驱赶
agr- egr- =field田地
camp- =field田野
aug- =increase增加；make制造；grow种植cre- crese- = make制造；grow种植
cult- =till耕种
plant- =plant种植
semin- =seed种子
sort- =kind种类
art- =skill/art 技能/技术
techn- =skill/art技艺
tect- =cover盖
text- =weave编织
man- =hand手(做事)
mun- =service服务
十七．“工具”词根
us- uti- =use使用
mechan- =machine机器
serr- =saw锯
bar- =bar横木
petr- =stone石头
calc- =lime石灰
lith- =stone石头
十八．“尖”词根
ac- acr- acid- =①sharp尖锐②sour酸dent- =tooth牙齿punct- =prick刺/戳
stink- sting- =prick刺
gon- =angle角
十九．“颜色”词根
melan- =black黑色
chrom- =color颜色
cand- =bright光亮；white白色
二十．“天”词根
cosm- =universe宇宙
aer- =air天空
astr- aster- =star星星
stell- =star星
sol- =sun太阳；single单独
helio- =sun太阳
二十一．“地”词根
ter- =earth土地
geo- =earth大地
loc- =place地方
rur- rus- =country乡下
urb- =city城市
polis- polit- =city城市；state国家centr- =center中心
insul- =island岛
mar-=sea 大海
mark- =①boundary边界；②mark做记号merc- =①trade贸易；②reward报酬
not- =mark标示
sign- =mark做记号
dom- =house房屋
mur- =wall墙
habit- =dwell居住
hab- hibit- =have拥有
二十二．“大自然”词根
ign - =fire火
pyr- =fire火
flam- flagr- =flame火焰；burn燃烧
ferv- =boil沸腾
calor- =heat热
fulm- fulg- =flash发光
pho- phos- phot- =light光
cand- =bright光亮
gl- =light光
radi- =root根；ray光线
lumen- =light亮光；lun- =moon月亮lustr- luc- =bright明亮清晰
splend- =shine光亮
lav- lau- =wash洗
aqu- =water水
liqu- =liquid液体
lact- =milk奶/ 乳
hydr- =water水
still- =drop滴下
found- fuse- =pour倾注，涌流
vent- =wind风
fur- =mad疯
flat- =blow吹
flu- =flow流动/漂流
fug- fum- =flee逸
plore- =flow out流
umbra- =shadow阴影
electr- =electric电
phan- fan- =appearance出现；景象monstr- =show显现
二十三．“动作”类词根
em- empt- =take拿cap- =take取（cap- =head头）
cip- cept- ceive- =take取
sumpt- sum- =take取/拿
don- dot- dow- =give给
tribut- =bestow赠予
pos- pon- pound- =put放
thet- thes- =put放，place置
sert- =①place放置②join加入
二十四．“打”词根
noc- nox- =harm伤害
dam- damn- temn- =harm伤害
tox- =poison毒
priv- =①private私有的②deprive使丧失
bat- =beat打
fend- fest- =strike打
fract- frag- =break折断
flict- =strike打击
brig- =strike打
cuss- =strike打击
pugn- =fight打斗
rupt- =break打破/违犯
grav- =cut割/刻
sect- =cut切割
tail- =cut切割
tom- =cut切割
divid- divis- =divide分
deal- =divide分
cide- cise- =cut切
sect- =cut切割
se- =apart分开
secut- sequ- su-=follow跟随
scind- =cut切
fis- fiss- =cleave劈开
pel- puls- =drive驱
cite- =①urge驱策②call叫喊
act- ag- =①do做事；②drive驱赶
plaud- plode- =①strike击②clap拍手
plain- plaint- =beat the breast 捶胸
vinc- vict- =conquer征服
venge- =avenge报仇
tali- =talion以牙还牙
pun- pen- =punish惩罚
deb- du- =owe欠(债等)
ject- jac- =throw砸
miss- mit- =send送；throw扔
ball- bol- =throw投掷
cast- =throw扔/砸
tr- tir- =draw拖拉
tract- treat- =draw拉/引/拽
string- strict- strain- stress- =draw tight拉紧trud- trus- =thrust插入；push推/挤
prehend- / pris- =seize抓取
tain- ten- tin- =hold①抓住②容纳③保持halt- =hold抓住
press- =press按住
vulse- =pluck采摘
preda- =prey掠夺/掠食
rap- rav- =snatch掠夺
rad- ras- =scrape刮擦
二十五．“物理运动，变化”词根
mov- mot- mob- =运动
tac- tic- =silent安静的
qui- quiet- =calm安静
mut- =change变化
var- =change变化
car- =run跑
cur- course- =run跑/流动
drom- =run跑
celer- =swift快
ced- ceed- cess- =go走
it- =go走
ambul- =walk行走
pat- bat- bas- =go走fare- =go走
grad- gress- =walk走
ped- =foot脚走路
vade- =go走
ven- vent- =come来
vi- voy- =way路
laps- =slip滑/glide滑
sed- sess- sid- =sit坐
sist- stitut- sta- st- =stand立
stru- struct- =build建立
clin- =①slope倾斜②bend弯曲
verg- =incline倾斜
helic- =helix螺旋
ori- =①rise升起；②begin开始
mount- =ascend上升
surrect- surg- =rise升起
lev- =①raise举/升；② light轻
scal- scan- scend- =climb爬
rept- =creep爬行
sal- sult- =leap跳
cad- cid- cas- =fall掉落
cata- =downwards向下
merg- / mers- =sink/dip下沉
miss- / mit- =①send派送；②throw投掷leg- =send, appoint派遣
migr- =wander漂泊；remove迁移vaga- =wandar流浪/漂泊
mix- / misc- =mix混合
sert- =①place放置②join加入
port- =carry运送
fer- =carry运载
lat- =bear携带
ger- gest- =carry运输
nav- nau- =ship航行
volv- volut- =roll卷/转
velop- =wrap缠/卷
vers- vert- =turn转
tour- torn- =turn转
tort- =twist扭/转/卷
trop- strop- =turn转/绕
rot- =①wheel轮子②turn转
二十六．“包装”词根
nect- nex- =bind 绑/连接
band- bond- =bind捆绑
join- junct- =join连接，结合
jug- =yoke轭，紧密接合
lig=bind绑
pact- =fasten系牢
fix- =fasten系牢
firm- =firm牢固的
here- hes- =stick粘住
fil- =thread线
tenu- =thin细薄
vest- =clothe穿衣
bur- =shelter掩藏
cover- =cover掩盖
scur- =cover遮盖
crypt- =hidden掩盖
ceal- =hide掩藏
clud- clos- =close关闭
ply-/pli-/ plic-/ ple- / plex- =fold折叠
flect- flex- =bend 弯曲（屈服）
sinu- =①curve弯曲；②sinus窦
clin- =①slope倾斜②bend弯曲
二十七．“说话声音”词根
or- =①speak说话②pray祷告
prec-= pray祈祷
mon- =①advice忠告；② remind提醒
suad- =advise劝告
fam- phem- =speak说
fa- fabl- fabul- =speak说
fess- =speak说话
phon- phe- phes- phet- =①sound声音；②speak 说话log- loqu- locut- =speak说
dic- dict- dit- =say说
lingu- =①tongue舌头②language语言
verb- =word话语
voc- vok- = ①voice声音；②call呼喊
audi- =hear听
ton- =tone音调
son- =sound声音
cite- =①urge驱策②call叫喊
cil- =call喊
claim- clam- =cry呼喊
nounce- nunci- =report报道
rid- ris- =laugh嘲笑
rod- ros- =gnaw咬啃
rog- =ask问
quer- =complain抱怨
quest- quire- quisit- =seek询问
gal- =sing唱
chant- cant- =sing唱
lud- =play演奏；玩
二十八．“文化”词根
pict- =picture描写
gram- graph- =write写
scribe- script- =write写
libr- lib- =book书
liter- =letter文字
lect- leg- =①read读②speak说③gather集合④choose选择
prob- / prov- =test/try测试
tempt- tent- =try试
norm- =norm标准；rule规则
doc- =teach教导
duc- duct- =lead引导
rat- ration- =①reason理由②reckon计算
gno- =know知道
cognos- cognis- =know认识/知道
sci- =know知道
onym- =name名
nomin- nom- =name名
-nomy =a field of knowledge学科名
二十九．“法律”词根
deem- =judge裁判
jud- =judge判断
crit- =judge判断
cens- =judge审判
jur- =swear发誓
spond- spons- =promise允诺，誓言
just- juris- =law法律；right正义
leg- =law法律
lic- =①be permitted被允许②entice引诱
culp- =guilt罪；blame责备
crim- =①accusation控诉②crime罪行
三十．“多义”词根
1.par(a)- =beyond超越，远处；beside旁
边；parallel相似；假/伪；准备；出现2.tain- ten- tin- =hold①抓住②contain容
纳③retain保持
3.lect- leg- =①read读②speak说③gather
集合④choose选择
4.opt- =eye①眼睛②sight视力③choose
选择④hope希望
5.trans- =beyond超越；through贯通；
remove转移
6.pens- pend- =①hang悬挂②weigh称重/
衡量③pay支付
7.dia- =①between二者之间；②through(首
尾之间)穿过③across(对面之间)横过8.a- ab- / ac- / ad- / af- / ag- /
ap-….=to/on/for 往….去，到达…；
of/from从….而来
a-ab- =negative否定；away from远离9.ep- =upon在…上；midst在…之间；after
在…之后；around在…附近
10.meta- =midst在…之中；after在…后面；
beyond在…远处
11.de- =negative否定；intensify加强；apart
分开；downwards向下
12.dis- =apart分开；negative否定；intensify
加强
13.re- =①again重复；②back 返； 反对
14.dom- =house房子(家族)；rule统治
15.cite- =①urge驱策②call叫喊
16.aug- =increase增加；make制造；grow
种植。