英语时态8种基本时态讲解()

英语时态8种基本时态讲解()
English Tenses: An n of the 8 Basic Tenses
I。

n:
In English。

different verb forms are used to express ns or states that occur at different times。

These different verb forms are called tenses.
II。

Types: (Basic Tenses)
1.Simple Present Tense
2.Simple Past Tense
3.Present Continuous Tense
4.Past Continuous Tense
5.Simple Future Tense
6.Future Continuous Tense
7.Present Perfect Tense
8.Past Perfect Tense
III。

Usage:
1.Simple Present Tense:
1) The Simple Present Tense is used to express habitual or repeated ns or states。

as well as objective reality and universal truths。

The Simple Present Tense is often expressed in the base form of the verb。

but when the subject is third-person singular。

the verb ending is -s or -es.
2) Sentence structure: Subject + V。

(including the be verb) + Object +。

Examples:
She is an engineer.
He has breakfast at 6:00 every day.
3) Notes:
1) The Simple Present Tense is often used with time ns such as always。

often。

usually。

every day。

sometimes。

and once a week.
I always watch TV at 8:00 in the evening.
They go home once a week.
We usually do our homework at home.
2) The Simple Present Tense expresses objective reality or universal truths.
The sun always rises in the east.
Light travels faster than sound.
3) The Simple Present Tense expresses permanent ns or states.
He lives in the country.
4) Negative and interrogative sentences:
1) He is an engineer.
He isn't an engineer.
Is he an engineer?
Yes。

he is。

/ No。

he isn't.
2) We get up at 7:30 in the morning.
We don't get up at 7:30 in the morning.
Do you get up at 7:30 in the morning?
Yes。

we do。

/ No。

we don't.
3) He likes music.
He doesn't like music.
Does he like music?
1) 一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态，通常与表示将来的时间状语tomorrow。

next week。

in the future等连用。

I will go to the park tomorrow.
She is going to study abroad next year.
They are having a party in the future.
2) 句型结构：主语＋will＋动词原形＋宾语＋…
例句：我会帮你的。

他将会去旅行。

我们会在明天见面。

3) 否定句和疑问句。

a)----I will help you.
I won’t help you.
Will I help you?
Yes。

you will./ No。

you won’t.
b)----She is going to study abroad next year.
She isn’t going to study abroad next year.
Is she going to study abroad next year?
Yes。

she is./ No。

she isn’t.
c)----They are having a party in the future.
They aren’t having a party in the future.
Are they having a party in the future?
Yes。

they are./ No。

they aren’t.
4) 动词不规则变化：
will----wouldcan----couldshall----shouldmay----mightmust----had to
1.表示将来的动作或状态常与时间状语连用，如tomorrow。

the day after tomorrow。

next Sunday。

soon。

in a few days等。

2.句型结构为主语+will/shall+动词原形，第一人称可用shall代替will。

例如：I shall go to Shanghai tomorrow。

They will have a meeting next week。

She will be 20 years old。

Will she be 20 years old。

Yes。

she will。

No。

she won't.
3.另一种表达将来的方式是主语+be(am。

is。

are)+going
to+动词原形，其中will可以替换为are going to。

例如：They are going to have a meeting next Sunday。

What will they do next Sunday。

When will they have a meeting?
4.表示即将发生的动作或状态可以用be about to+动词原形，不能与表示时间的副词连用。

例如：I am about to leave school。

They are about to set out.（√）They are about to set out soon.（×）
复题：
1.He does his homework at school every day.
2.They finished their work yesterday.
3.We will visit their farm next year.
4.I will have lunch in half an hour.
5.He will ride his bike to school.
6.They will buy a car next Sunday.
过去将来时：
1.过去将来时指从过去的角度看将要发生的动作或状态，常用于宾语从句中。

2.基本结构为主语+would/should/was/were going to+动词原形。

例如：He said that he would have a meeting next week.（He says that he will have a meeting next week.）
They informed us that we would need to leave school the following day。

(改写句子，使用更加正式的语气)
5.现在进行时
现在进行时用来表达当前正在进行的动作，通常与“now”、“at present”等时间状语连用。

例如：
You are currently listening to me attentively.
She is currently writing a letter.
Look。

They are dancing.
We are currently studying English.
6.过去进行时
过去进行时用来表达过去某一时刻或阶段正在进行的动作，通常与“At 6:00 yesterday”、“at this/that time yesterday”、“when”等时间状语连用。

例如：
It was raining at 7:00 the day before yesterday.
They were building a reservoir at this time last winter.
We were reading when the teacher came in.
Were you reading when the teacher came in?
What were you doing when the teacher came in?
7.现在完成时
现在完成时用来表达过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，或表达过去某个时刻已经开始并一直持续到现在的动作或状态。

通常与“up to now”、“in the past”、“recently”、“by…”、“for 5 years”、“since 1994”、“so far”、“already”、“yet”、“ever”、“just”等时间状语连用。

例如：
I have finished this work.
He has been to Australia before.
I have not heard from her recently.
I have already read this book。

Have you read it too。

Yes。

I have。

No。

I haven't。

What have you read?
Here are some irregular past participles and their changes: do-did-done。

go-went-gone。

eat-ate-eaten。

e。

have-had-had。

write-wrote-written。

be-was/were-been。

see-saw-seen。

hear-heard-heard。

swim-swam-swum。

drink-drank-drunk。

give-gave-given。

otten。

take-took-taken。

keep-kept-kept。

sleep-slept-slept。

teach-taught-taught。

buy-bought-bought。

tell-told-told。

make-
made-made。

cut-cut-cut。

hurt-hurt-hurt。

read-read-read。

let-let-let.
Be careful when using verbs with terminating or temporary meanings。

such as buy。

begin。

die。

come。

go。

join。

and leave。

For example。

"I have bought a book" is correct。

but "I have bought a book for 3 days" is wrong。

Instead。

use "I have had a book for 3 years." Use "for" or "since" to introduce time adverbials。

For example。

"He joined the army 3 years ago" is correct。

but "He have joined the army for 3 years" is wrong。

Also。

"He has been dead for 3 years" is correct。

but "He has died for 2 years" is wrong。

Use the present perfect tense to indicate an n that happened at an unspecified time before now。

while the simple past tense is used for an n that happened at a specific time in the past。

For example。

"He has gone to Australia" indicates that he went to Australia at some point in the past。

but we don't know when。

"He went to Australia last year" indicates a specific time in the past.
现在完成时和一般过去时都表示过去发生的动作，但它们的重点不同。

现在完成时强调现在的影响，而一般过去时强调动作发生的时间。

例如，现在完成时强调我看电影后现在仍记得电影的内容，而一般过去时强调我三天前看了这部电影。

时间状语也不同。

现在完成时常与表示时间的副词或介词短语连用，如already，yet，just，ever，never，before，for+
段时间，since+过去时间/从句等。

而一般过去时则常与表示过去时间的状语连用，如段时间+ago，just now，yesterday，last week等。

例如，现在完成时强调她两年前就住在这里了，而
一般过去时强调两年前她住在这里。

过去完成时表示过去某一时间之前已经完成的动作或状态，强调“过去的过去”，常与引导时间的状语连用。

基本结构为主语+ had +动词过去分词。

例如，过去完成时强调昨天当我到
达电影院时电影已经开始了，而他来这儿之前已经学会英语了。

我在上个学期结束时已经学会了2000个英语单词。

The school's new principal。

Mr。

Johnson。

arrived in September of last year。

去年9月，学校的新校长约翰逊先生到任。

The students were required to wear uniforms。

which consisted of a white shirt and navy blue pants or skirt。

学生需要穿校服，校服包括白色衬衫和深蓝色裤子或裙子。

The school had a strict policy on tardiness。

with students receiving n if they arrived to class late。

学校对迟到有严格的政策，如果学生上课迟到，将会被留堂。

The science lab was equipped with state-of-the-art equipment。

including microscopes and computers。

科学实验室配备了最先进的设备，包括显微镜和计算机。

The school offered a variety of extracurricular activities。

such as sports teams and a drama club。

学校提供各种课外活动，如运动队和戏剧俱乐部。

Overall。

my experience at this school was positive and I felt well-prepared for my future academic endeavors。

总的来说，我在这所学校的经历是积极的，我感觉为未来的学术事业做好了准备。