辽宁省营口市高考英语二轮 阅读理解、完形填空精品训练(8)

营口市2014高考英语阅读理解、完形填空二轮精品训练（8）含答案
With alarming regularity, we read about oil tankers having accidents near land and the terrible consequences of the oil spills （泄露） on people, nature, and the environment．
Millions of dollars have been used in developing special chemicals to help dismiss the spills and to clean up the animals, beaches, and land spoiled by the oil．Unfortunately, when many of these chemicals are used, more damage is caused to the environment, especially to lives in the sea．
Of all of today's environmental disasters, an oil spill may actually be one of the least serious．Although oil is poisonous, it is a natural material．In the end, it breaks down naturally．There are, of course, long-term effects, but it is usually more serious in the short term．
Nature by itself works better than chemical materials, but when there is a spill we demand that governments act immediately with as much hi-tech knowledge as possible．In 1967 the tanker Torrey Canyon sank off the Scilly Isles near the coast of England and spilled 120,000 tons of oil into the ocean．If you go there today, you will find it hard to see any sign that it ever happened．
Governments seem to accept the risk of transporting millions of tons of oil by ship every day so that we can fill up our cars and drive around and cause even more environmental damage．Interestingly, the biggest companies in the world produce cars, and the next biggest supply the gasoline to make them run．
We should be thinking more about reducing our dependence on oil．Governments should be encouraging research into new technologies, such as cars run by solar power （太阳能） , electricity, hydrogen, and so on．Much of this research has, in the past, been held back by the oil, gas, and coal．
If the world's millions of cars were 10% more efficient （高效的）—and the industry could easily produce cars at least twice as efficient we would need many fewer tankers
crossing the oceans each year．If this happened, the risks of oil spills would be reduced, and the air we breathe would be cleaner and fresher, too．
49．What is the passage mainly talking about?
A．Oil spills pollution．B．What oil pollution is．
C．Oil tanker accidents. D．How to reduce oil pollution.
50．How does the author support the idea that oil spills are not as serious as people believe?
A．By giving a description．B．By making an argument．
C．By giving an example． D．By drawing a diagram．
51．What does the underlined word "risk" in Paragraph 5 refer to?
A．Transportation depending more on oil．
B．Poisonous oil breaking down naturally．
C．Millions of tons of oil spilling into the sea．
D．More environmental damage being caused．
52．Which suggestion is made for reducing oil tank accidents according to the passage?
A．We should build safer tankers in the near future．
B．We should develop new technologies to cut oil use．
C．Tankers should not be allowed to sail near the coastlines．
D．Countries should build more oil pipelines under the sea．
参考答案49～52 ACDB
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Violin prodigies (神童), I learned, have come in distinct waves from distinct regions. Most of the great performers of the late 19th and early 20th centuries were born and brought up in Russia and Eastern Europe. I asked Isaac Stern, one of the world’s greatest violinists the reason for this phenomenon. “It is very clear,” he told me. “They were all Jews and Jews at the time were severely oppressed and ill-treated in that part of the world. They were not allowed into the professional fields, but they were allowed to achieve excellence on a concert stage.” As a result,
every Jewish parent’s dream was to have a child in the music school because it was a passport to the West.
Another element in the emergence of prodigies, I found, is a society that values excellence in a certain field to nurture(培育) talent. Nowadays, the most nurturing societies seem to be in the Far East. “In Japan, a most competitive society, with stronger discipline than ours,” says Isaac Stern, children are ready to test their limits every day in many fields, including music. When Western music came to Japan after World War II, that music not only became part of their daily lives, but it became a discipline as well. The Koreans and Chinese as we know, are just as highly motivated as the Japanese.
That’s a good thing, because even prodigies must work hard. Next to hard work, biological inheritance（遗传） plays an important role in the making of a prodigy. J. S. Bach, for example, was the top of several generations of musicians, and four of his sons had significant careers in music.
53. Jewish parents in Eastern Europe longed for their children to attend music school
because ________.
A. it would allow them access to a better life in the West
B. Jewish children are born with excellent musical talent
C. they wanted their children to enter into the professional field
D. it would enable the family to get better treatment in their own country
54. Nurturing societies as mentioned in the passage refer to societies that ________.
A. are highly motivated in the education of music
B. treasure talent and provide opportunities for its full development
C. encourage people to compete with each other
D. promise talented children high positions
55. Which of the following contributes to the emergence of musical prodigies according
to the passage?
A. a natural gift.
B. extensive knowledge of music.
C. very early training.
D. a prejudice-free society.
56. Which of the following titles best summarizes the main idea of the passage?
A. Jewish Contribution to Music
B. Training of Musicians in the World
C. Music and Society
D. The Making of Music Prodigies
参考答案53～56 ABAD
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I promised Michael I wouldn’t mention this until the season was over．Now l think it's time．
Early last season, I wrote a column about an art of kindness I had seen Jordan do to a disabled child outside the stadium．After it ran，I got a call from a man in the western suburbs．He said，“I read what you wrote about Jordan．but I thought I should tell you another thing I saw．”
Here it comes, I thought. It always does. Write something nice about a person, and people call you up to say that the person is not so nice.
A few weeks later Jordan and I were talking about something else before a game, and I brought up what the man had said. Was the man right? Had Jordan really been talking to those two boys in that poor and dirty neighborhood?
"Not two boys," Jordan said. "But four."
And he named them. He said four names. And what did they talk about?
"Everything,” Jordan said. " Anything. I’ve asked to see their grades so that I can check to see if they're paying attention to their study. If it turns out that one or two of them may need teaching, I make sure they get it."
It's just one more part of Michael Jordan's life，one more thing that no one knows about, and one more thing Jordan does fight for. The NBA season is over now, and those boys have their memories. So do J! When the expert reviewers begin to turn against Jordan as they surely will, I'll think about those boys under the streetlight, waiting for the man they know to come. For someone they can depend on.
57. The writer wrote this story about Jordan and his young friends because _______
A. he thought highly of Jordan's deeds
B. he hated to see Jordan do something bad
C. he believed it was time to help the disabled
D. he felt sure he needn't keep the promise then
58. A man in the western suburbs made a call to_______
A. know why Jordan stopped in a bad area
B. get a chance to become famous himself
C. let the writer know Jordan was not that nice
D. offer an example to show how Jordan helped others
59. Jordan talked with the boys because he _______.
A. needed their support
B. had promised to do so
C. liked to teach them to play basketball
D. wanted to make sure they all studied well
60. The text implies that Jordan is _______.
A. an excellent basketball player
B. good at dealing with problems of life
C. always ready to make friends with young people
D. willing to do whatever he can for the good of society
参考答案 57～60 ACDD
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维A 完形填空(每题1.5分，满分30分)
选材相似度：★★★
设题相似度：★★★
难度系数：★★★★
Wranglers and Stranglers
Years ago there was a group of brilliant young men at the University of Wisconsin，who seemed to have amazing creative __1__ talent.They were would­be poets，novelists，and essayists.They were extraordinary in their __2__ to put the English language to
its best use.These promising young men __3__ regularly to read and critique (评论) each other's work.And critique it they did!
These men were merciless with one another.They __4__ the minutest literary expression into a hundred pieces.They were heartless，tough，even mean in their __5__.The sessions became such areas of literary criticism that the __6__ of this special club called themselves the “Stranglers (扼杀者)”．
In order to __7__，the women of literary talent in the university __8__ to start a club of their own，one comparable to the Stranglers.They __9__ themselves the “Wranglers (争论者)”．They，too，read their __10__ one another.But there was one great difference.The criticism was much softer，more __11__，more encouraging.Sometimes，there was almost no criticism at all.Every effort，even the weakest one，was __12__.
Twenty years later an alumnus of the university was making an exhaustive __13__ of his classmates' careers when he __14__ a vast difference in the literary accomplishments of the Stranglers as opposed to the Wranglers.Of all the __15__ young men in the Stranglers，no one had made a significant literary __16__ of any kind.From the Wranglers had come six or more successful __17__，some of national renown such as Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings，who wrote The Yearling.
Talent between the two？Probably the same.Level of __18__？Not much difference.But the Stranglers were strangled，while the Wranglers were determined to give each other a(an) __19__.The Stranglers __20__ an atmosphere of argument and self­doubt.The Wranglers highlighted the best，not the worst.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议类的文章。

一所大学里有两个文学小组，他们对待他人的作品的方式不同，一个小组主要采用批评的方式，而另一个小组采取的却是鼓励的方式，后来，两个小组的组员所取得的文学成就完全不同。

1．A.architectural B．artistic C．literary D．musical
答案 C [考查语境逻辑。

从后面的“They were would­be poets，novelists，and essayists.”可知他们即将成为诗人、小说家等，由此可知他们拥有了不起的文学天赋。

architectural“建筑的”；artistic“艺术的”；musical“音乐的”。

] 2．A.strength B．ability C．performance D．power
答案 B [考查语境中名词的辨析。

从前面的“talent”可知他们很有文学天赋，所以此处是指他们在语言方面有着非凡的能力。

strength“力量，力气”；performance“表演”；power“权力，力量”。

]
3．A.gathered B．organized C．challenged D．collected
答案 A [考查语境逻辑。

结合后面的“to read and critique(评论)each other's work”可知他们聚集在一起来阅读和评论彼此的作品。

]
4．A.turned B．translated C．combined D．divided
答案 D [考查固定搭配。

结合后面的“the minutest literary expression into a hundred pieces”可知他们把最微小的文学表达都分解成很多份，来批评他人的作品。

turn...into“把……变成”；translate...into“把……翻译成”；combine不与into连用。

]
5．A.appreciation B．criticism C．assessment D．judgment
答案 B [考查语境逻辑。

根据前面的“critique(评论)each other's work”可知此处表示他们在评论的时候一点也不留情面。

appreciation“欣赏”；assessment“估计，评估”；judgment“判断”。

]
6．A.leaders B．organizers C．members D．arrangers
答案 C [考查语境逻辑。

从后面的“of this special club called themselves...”可知此处是指这个俱乐部的成员。

leader“领导者”；organizer“组织者”；arranger“组织者，经办者”。

]
7．A.participate B．practice C．succeed D．compete
答案 D [考查上下文暗示。

结合后面的“the women of literary talent in the university __8__to start a club of their own，one comparable to the Stranglers”可知这个大学的具有文学天赋的女同学们决定组建一个她们自己的俱乐部来和那些男同学们竞争。

participate“参加”；practice“练习”；succeed“成功”。

]
8．A.determined B．agreed C．promised D．dreamed
答案 A [考查语境逻辑。

此处指这些女同学们下决心来开办自己的俱乐部。

agree“同意”；promise“允诺”；dream“梦想”。

]
9．A.regarded B．called C．thought D．recognized
答案 B [考查上下文暗示，结合前面的“called themselves the ‘Stranglers(扼杀者)’”可知此处是指这些女同学把自己称为Wranglers。

“regard”认为；“think”思考，
认为；“recognize”承认。

]
10．A.works B．letters C．books D．papers
答案 A [考查语境逻辑。

她们也读她们彼此的作品。

letter“信件”；book“书籍”；paper“论文”。

]
11．A.fantastic B．critical C．positive D．serious
答案 C [考查上下文暗示。

从后面的“more encouraging”可知她们的批评多是积极的，具有鼓励性的。

fantastic“荒诞的”；critical“批评的”；serious“严肃的”。

] 12．A.required B．spared C．made D．encouraged
答案 D [考查语境逻辑。

由上文可知，“Wranglers”的特点就是“鼓励”，故选D。

此处表示她们鼓励每一次尝试，哪怕是最微弱的尝试。

require“要求”。

spare no effort“不遗余力”；make every effort“努力”；B、C两项均与语境不符。

]
13．A.experiment B．study C．analysis D．judgment
答案 B [考查语境逻辑。

这里表示一个校友对他的同班同学所从事的职业进行了研究。

experiment“试验，实验”；analysis“分析”；judgment“判断”。

]
14．A.reflected B．resolved C．explained D．noticed
答案 D [考查上下文暗示。

根据后面的“a vast difference in the literary accomplishments of the Stranglers as opposed to the Wranglers”可知通过研究他发现了Stranglers和Wranglers在文学成就方面的巨大差别。

reflect“表明，表达”；resolve“解决”；explain“解释”。

]
15．A.optimistic B．confident C．bright D．honest
答案 C [考查上下文逻辑。

从第一段中“...a group of brilliant young men...”可知此处是指那些聪明的男同学。

optimistic“乐观的”；confident“自信的”；honest“诚实的”。

]
16．A.achievement B．influence C．contribution D．improvement
答案 A [考查上下文暗示。

结合前面的“in the literary accomplishments”以及上下文内容可知他们没有人取得骄人的文学成就。

influence“影响”；contribution“贡献”；improvement“改进，改善”。

]
17．A.engineers B．writers C．doctors D．lawyers
答案 B [考查语境逻辑。

从后面的“some of national renown such as Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings，who wrote The Yearling”可知她们中有的人成为了著名的作家。

engineer“工
程师”；doctor“医生”；lawyer“律师”。

]
18．A.courage B．patience C．education D．skill
答案 C [考查语境逻辑。

此处表示他们的教育水平没有什么不同。

courage“勇气”；patience“耐心”；skill“技能”。

]
19．A.reward B．favor C．honor D．lift
答案 D [考查固定搭配。

此处指Wranglers互相帮助，互相鼓励。

give sb a lift “帮某人一把”。

]
20．A.ruined B．lightened C．promoted D．enjoyed
答案 C [考查语境逻辑。

这里指Stranglers创造了一种争辩与自我怀疑的氛围。

rui n“毁灭”；lighten“减轻，使变明亮”；enjoy“享受，喜欢”。

]
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高考预练
1、Such poets as Shakespeare widely read，of whose works，however，some difficult to understand．
A．are；are B．is；is C．are；is D．is：are
答案：A
解析：考查主谓一致。

主句中的主语应为poets,谓语动词用复数，其后的非限制性定语从句的主语应为some of whose works，谓语动词也应是复数。

故选A。

2、一When shall we restart our business?
一Not until we our plan．
A．will finish B．are finishing
C．are to finish D．have finished
答案：D
解析：考查动词时态。

在状语从句中，经常用一般现在时表将来时，用现在完成时表将来完成时。

此处为until引导的时间状语从句，故用现在完成时，选D。

意为“直到我们完成我们的计划，我们才重新开始我们的生意。

”
3、The lawyer listened with full attention， to miss any point．
A．not trying B．trying not
C．to try not D．not to try
答案：B
解析：考查现在分词短语做伴随状语及动词不定式的否定式。

句中listen和try not to miss 为同时进行的动作，故用现在分词的一般式做伴随状语。

又动词不定式的否定式要在其前加not.故选B。

4、You’ve failed to do what you to and I’m afraid the teacher will blame you．
A．will expect B．will be expected
C．expected D．were expected
答案：D
解析：考查动词时态。

句中you与expect存在被动关系，首先排除C。

又有have failed提示应是过去你被期盼做的事，故应为过去时，正确答案为D。

5、If you have a job，yourself to it and finally you’ll succeed．
A．do devote B．don't devote
C．devoting D．not devoting
答案：A
解析：考查谓语动词的强调及“祈使句+and+将来时句子”的固定搭配。

此处应是祈使句，又有谓语动词的强调要借助助动词do，故选A。

句意为：“如果你有了一份工作，付出努力去做它，最后你定能成功。

”
6、Because of the heavy traffic，it was already time for lunch break she got to her office．
A．since B．that C．when D．until
答案：C
解析：考查状语从句。

句意为：“因为交通阻塞，当她到达办公室时已经是午休的时间了。

”，
故此处应为when引导的时间状语从句，故正确答案为C。

7、He telephoned the travel agency to three air tickets to London.
A. order
B. arrange
C. take
D. book
答案：D.
考点：考查动词意义。

句意：他打电话给旅行社预定三张去伦敦的机票。

解析：book和tickets搭配，是“订票”的意思。

8、—Excuse me, I wonder if you can help me?
—Sure. ?
A. What help
B. What is this
C. What is it
D. What do you want 答案：C.
考点：考查交际用语。

句意：—劳驾，你能帮帮我吗？—好的，什么事？
解析：第一个人询问是否可以帮忙，从第二个人的回答sure，可以知道他愿意，接着问，具体是什么事，用What is it？意思是“什么事？”。

9、James took the magazines off the little table to make for the television.
A. room
B. area
C. field
D. position
答案：A.
考点：考查名词意义和用法。

句意：詹姆斯把杂志从小桌子上拿下了，目的是为电视腾出空间。

解析：make room for是固定搭配，意思是“为……让空”的意思，其中的room是不可数名词。

10、We on this project for four hours. Let’s have a rest.
A. are working
B. have been working
C. worked
D. had worked
答案：B.
考点：考查动词时态。

句意：我们在这项工程上一直工作了四个小时了。

咱们休息一会。

解析：从句子的时间状语for four hours和后面的句子Let’s have a rest可知，动作从过去发生，到说话的时候一直在进行着，所以此处要用现在完成进行时态。